css box model and dimensions
Post on 06-May-2015
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CSS BOXES & DIMENSIONSAdvanced CSS techniques
the box model
• All HTML elements are rendered as boxes
• Stylesheets can control how to display these boxes (color, placement, etc)
• There are 3 basic properties of boxes: border, padding and margin
BORDERSborder-width:3px;border-style:dashed;border-color:green;
border-left-width:thick;border-bottom-style:solid;border-right-color:blue;
MARGINS
margin:5px;
margin-top:30%;margin-bottom:-50px;
margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
PADDING
padding:5px;
padding-top:10%;padding-bottom:2em;
padding-left:30px;padding-right:2.5em;
box model shortcuts
• padding:5px; all sides 5px
• margin:5px 2px; top & bottom=5px, left & right 2px
• border:1px 2px 3px; top=1px, left & right=2px, bottom=3px
• padding:7px 3px 1px 6px; (clockwise from top)
DIMENSIONS
• The size of the box can be changed using these properties:
• width:80%
• height:300px
Add all the values to get the actual dimensions of the box
SPEED TEST 01
<div id="cool"> <p>this box is cool</p> </div> <div id="hot"> <p>this box is hot</p> </div>
speed test 01
speed test 01 #cool { background-color:blue; width:500px; height:200px; } #hot { background-color:red; width:200px; height:200px; }
speed test 02
speed test 02 #cool { background-color:blue; width:500px; height:200px; padding:10px; } #cool p { border:5px solid white; padding:10px; }
SPEED TEST 03
speed test 03 #hot { background-color:red; width:200px; height:200px; border-width:10px; border-style:dotted dashed; margin-left:520px; margin-top:-220px; }
speed test 04
speed test 04 #hot p { width:100px; border:3px solid yellow; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; font-size:30px; padding:5px; }
types of boxes• HTML boxes can be categorized into
two types:
1. Block
2. Inline
• They can be controlled by the CSS property display
BLOCK BOX• Occupies the whole
width of the container element
• Has whitespace before and after it
• Dimensions are controllable
<p> <h1> to <h6> <div> <ul> <ol> <li>
inline box• Only as wide as
its content
• Flows with text lines
• Dimensions aren’t easily controllable <a> <span>
<strong> <em> <img>
inline vs block
speed test 05<ul><li><a href="#">Sisig</a></li><li><a href="#">Sinigang</a></li><li><a href="#">Tapsilog</a></li><li><a href="#">Kaldereta</a></li><li><a href="#">Adobo</a></li><li><a href="#">Bistek</a></li><li><a href="#">Mechado</a></li><li><a href="#">Laing</a></li></ul><a href="#">Back to Home</a>
Speed Test 05
speed test 05 ul#navi { font-family:Rockwell; list-style:none; margin:0; padding:0; }
ul#navi li a{ text-decoration:none; }
Speed Test 06
speed test 06ul#navi li a{
text-decoration:none; border-left:5px solid red; border-right:5px solid red; padding:5px;
}ul#navi li a:link, ul#navi li a:visited {
color:black;}
Speed Test 07
speed test 07 ul#navi { width:100px; } ul#navi li a{ display:block; margin-top:5px; text-align:center; }
Speed Test 08
• Change the background color and the borders when you hover
• Change the background color and the borders when you click
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