cngs run 2007: radiation issues
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CNGS Run 2007Radiation Issues
Edda Gschwendtner On behalf the
CNGS Secondary Beam Working Group
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 2
Outline
bull CNGS Overviewbull Run 2007bull Radiation Issues during the Runbull Expected Radiation Levelsbull Summary
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 3
CNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
ndash A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km)
ndash send beam produced at CERN
ndash detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
Task for CERN produce intense beam towards Gran Sasso
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 4
Beam parameters Nominal CNGS beam
Nominal energy [GeV] 400
Normalized emittance [m] H=12 V=7
Emittance [m] H=0028 V= 0016
Momentum spread pp 007 +- 20
extractions per cycle 2 separated by 50 ms
Batch length [s] 105
of bunches per pulse 2100
Intensity per extraction [1013 p] 24
Bunch length [ns] (4) 2
Bunch spacing [ns] 5
Beta at focus [m] hor 10 vert 20
Beam sizes at 400 GeV [mm] 05 mm
Beam divergence [mrad] hor 005 vert 003
CNGS Proton Beam Parameters
Expected beam performance 45 x 1019 protonsyear on target
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 5
most challenging zone Target Chamber (targetndashhornndashreflector)
CNGS Challengesbull High Intensity High Energy Proton Beam
ndash Tune tune tunendash Induced radioactivity
bull In components shielding fluids etchellipndash Intervention on equipment lsquoimpossiblersquo
bull Remote handling by overhead cranebull Replace broken equipment no repairbull Human intervention only after long lsquocooling timersquo
ndash Design of equipment compromisebull Eg horn inner conductor for neutrino yield thin tube for
reliability thick tube
bull Intense Short Beam Pulses Small Beam Spotndash Interlock interlock interlockndash Thermo mechanical shocks by energy deposition
(designing target rods thin windows etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 6
protons
pionskaons
muonsneutrinos
Neutrinosto Gran Sasso
SPS
LHC
CNGS
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 7
CNGS Layout
p + C (interactions) + K+ (decay in flight) + +
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
TBID (multiplicity) Muon DetectorsPit 1 Pit 2
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 8
Installation oftarget magazine
(4 in-situ spares)
Installation of Focusing magnet
(lsquoHornrsquo)
CNGS Target Chamber
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 9
60cm
270cm
1125cm
LHC type Beam Loss Monitorsbull Stainless steel cylinder bull Al electrodes 05cm separation
bull N2 gas filling
bull 2x41 fixed monitors + 2x1 movable
Muon Monitors
Online feedback to neutrino beam quality (sensitivity to any misalignment of beam vs target vs horn hornreflector currents etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 10
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
CC interaction Muon 7GeVc
Tue 2 Oct 170425
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 11
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)
bull Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
bull Successive failures in the ventilation systemndash Strong efforts made by TSCV to save the situation
bull Physics run stopped on Monday 22 October 2007 5 days ahead of timendash Failures in the ventilation system control electronics that blocked
switching to access mode in a safe manner
intolerable for an INB facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 2
Outline
bull CNGS Overviewbull Run 2007bull Radiation Issues during the Runbull Expected Radiation Levelsbull Summary
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 3
CNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
ndash A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km)
ndash send beam produced at CERN
ndash detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
Task for CERN produce intense beam towards Gran Sasso
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 4
Beam parameters Nominal CNGS beam
Nominal energy [GeV] 400
Normalized emittance [m] H=12 V=7
Emittance [m] H=0028 V= 0016
Momentum spread pp 007 +- 20
extractions per cycle 2 separated by 50 ms
Batch length [s] 105
of bunches per pulse 2100
Intensity per extraction [1013 p] 24
Bunch length [ns] (4) 2
Bunch spacing [ns] 5
Beta at focus [m] hor 10 vert 20
Beam sizes at 400 GeV [mm] 05 mm
Beam divergence [mrad] hor 005 vert 003
CNGS Proton Beam Parameters
Expected beam performance 45 x 1019 protonsyear on target
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 5
most challenging zone Target Chamber (targetndashhornndashreflector)
CNGS Challengesbull High Intensity High Energy Proton Beam
ndash Tune tune tunendash Induced radioactivity
bull In components shielding fluids etchellipndash Intervention on equipment lsquoimpossiblersquo
bull Remote handling by overhead cranebull Replace broken equipment no repairbull Human intervention only after long lsquocooling timersquo
ndash Design of equipment compromisebull Eg horn inner conductor for neutrino yield thin tube for
reliability thick tube
bull Intense Short Beam Pulses Small Beam Spotndash Interlock interlock interlockndash Thermo mechanical shocks by energy deposition
(designing target rods thin windows etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 6
protons
pionskaons
muonsneutrinos
Neutrinosto Gran Sasso
SPS
LHC
CNGS
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 7
CNGS Layout
p + C (interactions) + K+ (decay in flight) + +
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
TBID (multiplicity) Muon DetectorsPit 1 Pit 2
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 8
Installation oftarget magazine
(4 in-situ spares)
Installation of Focusing magnet
(lsquoHornrsquo)
CNGS Target Chamber
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 9
60cm
270cm
1125cm
LHC type Beam Loss Monitorsbull Stainless steel cylinder bull Al electrodes 05cm separation
bull N2 gas filling
bull 2x41 fixed monitors + 2x1 movable
Muon Monitors
Online feedback to neutrino beam quality (sensitivity to any misalignment of beam vs target vs horn hornreflector currents etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 10
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
CC interaction Muon 7GeVc
Tue 2 Oct 170425
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 11
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)
bull Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
bull Successive failures in the ventilation systemndash Strong efforts made by TSCV to save the situation
bull Physics run stopped on Monday 22 October 2007 5 days ahead of timendash Failures in the ventilation system control electronics that blocked
switching to access mode in a safe manner
intolerable for an INB facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 3
CNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
ndash A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km)
ndash send beam produced at CERN
ndash detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
Task for CERN produce intense beam towards Gran Sasso
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 4
Beam parameters Nominal CNGS beam
Nominal energy [GeV] 400
Normalized emittance [m] H=12 V=7
Emittance [m] H=0028 V= 0016
Momentum spread pp 007 +- 20
extractions per cycle 2 separated by 50 ms
Batch length [s] 105
of bunches per pulse 2100
Intensity per extraction [1013 p] 24
Bunch length [ns] (4) 2
Bunch spacing [ns] 5
Beta at focus [m] hor 10 vert 20
Beam sizes at 400 GeV [mm] 05 mm
Beam divergence [mrad] hor 005 vert 003
CNGS Proton Beam Parameters
Expected beam performance 45 x 1019 protonsyear on target
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 5
most challenging zone Target Chamber (targetndashhornndashreflector)
CNGS Challengesbull High Intensity High Energy Proton Beam
ndash Tune tune tunendash Induced radioactivity
bull In components shielding fluids etchellipndash Intervention on equipment lsquoimpossiblersquo
bull Remote handling by overhead cranebull Replace broken equipment no repairbull Human intervention only after long lsquocooling timersquo
ndash Design of equipment compromisebull Eg horn inner conductor for neutrino yield thin tube for
reliability thick tube
bull Intense Short Beam Pulses Small Beam Spotndash Interlock interlock interlockndash Thermo mechanical shocks by energy deposition
(designing target rods thin windows etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 6
protons
pionskaons
muonsneutrinos
Neutrinosto Gran Sasso
SPS
LHC
CNGS
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 7
CNGS Layout
p + C (interactions) + K+ (decay in flight) + +
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
TBID (multiplicity) Muon DetectorsPit 1 Pit 2
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 8
Installation oftarget magazine
(4 in-situ spares)
Installation of Focusing magnet
(lsquoHornrsquo)
CNGS Target Chamber
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 9
60cm
270cm
1125cm
LHC type Beam Loss Monitorsbull Stainless steel cylinder bull Al electrodes 05cm separation
bull N2 gas filling
bull 2x41 fixed monitors + 2x1 movable
Muon Monitors
Online feedback to neutrino beam quality (sensitivity to any misalignment of beam vs target vs horn hornreflector currents etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 10
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
CC interaction Muon 7GeVc
Tue 2 Oct 170425
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 11
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)
bull Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
bull Successive failures in the ventilation systemndash Strong efforts made by TSCV to save the situation
bull Physics run stopped on Monday 22 October 2007 5 days ahead of timendash Failures in the ventilation system control electronics that blocked
switching to access mode in a safe manner
intolerable for an INB facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 4
Beam parameters Nominal CNGS beam
Nominal energy [GeV] 400
Normalized emittance [m] H=12 V=7
Emittance [m] H=0028 V= 0016
Momentum spread pp 007 +- 20
extractions per cycle 2 separated by 50 ms
Batch length [s] 105
of bunches per pulse 2100
Intensity per extraction [1013 p] 24
Bunch length [ns] (4) 2
Bunch spacing [ns] 5
Beta at focus [m] hor 10 vert 20
Beam sizes at 400 GeV [mm] 05 mm
Beam divergence [mrad] hor 005 vert 003
CNGS Proton Beam Parameters
Expected beam performance 45 x 1019 protonsyear on target
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 5
most challenging zone Target Chamber (targetndashhornndashreflector)
CNGS Challengesbull High Intensity High Energy Proton Beam
ndash Tune tune tunendash Induced radioactivity
bull In components shielding fluids etchellipndash Intervention on equipment lsquoimpossiblersquo
bull Remote handling by overhead cranebull Replace broken equipment no repairbull Human intervention only after long lsquocooling timersquo
ndash Design of equipment compromisebull Eg horn inner conductor for neutrino yield thin tube for
reliability thick tube
bull Intense Short Beam Pulses Small Beam Spotndash Interlock interlock interlockndash Thermo mechanical shocks by energy deposition
(designing target rods thin windows etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 6
protons
pionskaons
muonsneutrinos
Neutrinosto Gran Sasso
SPS
LHC
CNGS
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 7
CNGS Layout
p + C (interactions) + K+ (decay in flight) + +
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
TBID (multiplicity) Muon DetectorsPit 1 Pit 2
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 8
Installation oftarget magazine
(4 in-situ spares)
Installation of Focusing magnet
(lsquoHornrsquo)
CNGS Target Chamber
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 9
60cm
270cm
1125cm
LHC type Beam Loss Monitorsbull Stainless steel cylinder bull Al electrodes 05cm separation
bull N2 gas filling
bull 2x41 fixed monitors + 2x1 movable
Muon Monitors
Online feedback to neutrino beam quality (sensitivity to any misalignment of beam vs target vs horn hornreflector currents etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 10
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
CC interaction Muon 7GeVc
Tue 2 Oct 170425
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 11
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)
bull Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
bull Successive failures in the ventilation systemndash Strong efforts made by TSCV to save the situation
bull Physics run stopped on Monday 22 October 2007 5 days ahead of timendash Failures in the ventilation system control electronics that blocked
switching to access mode in a safe manner
intolerable for an INB facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 5
most challenging zone Target Chamber (targetndashhornndashreflector)
CNGS Challengesbull High Intensity High Energy Proton Beam
ndash Tune tune tunendash Induced radioactivity
bull In components shielding fluids etchellipndash Intervention on equipment lsquoimpossiblersquo
bull Remote handling by overhead cranebull Replace broken equipment no repairbull Human intervention only after long lsquocooling timersquo
ndash Design of equipment compromisebull Eg horn inner conductor for neutrino yield thin tube for
reliability thick tube
bull Intense Short Beam Pulses Small Beam Spotndash Interlock interlock interlockndash Thermo mechanical shocks by energy deposition
(designing target rods thin windows etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 6
protons
pionskaons
muonsneutrinos
Neutrinosto Gran Sasso
SPS
LHC
CNGS
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 7
CNGS Layout
p + C (interactions) + K+ (decay in flight) + +
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
TBID (multiplicity) Muon DetectorsPit 1 Pit 2
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 8
Installation oftarget magazine
(4 in-situ spares)
Installation of Focusing magnet
(lsquoHornrsquo)
CNGS Target Chamber
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 9
60cm
270cm
1125cm
LHC type Beam Loss Monitorsbull Stainless steel cylinder bull Al electrodes 05cm separation
bull N2 gas filling
bull 2x41 fixed monitors + 2x1 movable
Muon Monitors
Online feedback to neutrino beam quality (sensitivity to any misalignment of beam vs target vs horn hornreflector currents etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 10
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
CC interaction Muon 7GeVc
Tue 2 Oct 170425
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 11
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)
bull Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
bull Successive failures in the ventilation systemndash Strong efforts made by TSCV to save the situation
bull Physics run stopped on Monday 22 October 2007 5 days ahead of timendash Failures in the ventilation system control electronics that blocked
switching to access mode in a safe manner
intolerable for an INB facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 6
protons
pionskaons
muonsneutrinos
Neutrinosto Gran Sasso
SPS
LHC
CNGS
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 7
CNGS Layout
p + C (interactions) + K+ (decay in flight) + +
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
TBID (multiplicity) Muon DetectorsPit 1 Pit 2
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 8
Installation oftarget magazine
(4 in-situ spares)
Installation of Focusing magnet
(lsquoHornrsquo)
CNGS Target Chamber
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 9
60cm
270cm
1125cm
LHC type Beam Loss Monitorsbull Stainless steel cylinder bull Al electrodes 05cm separation
bull N2 gas filling
bull 2x41 fixed monitors + 2x1 movable
Muon Monitors
Online feedback to neutrino beam quality (sensitivity to any misalignment of beam vs target vs horn hornreflector currents etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 10
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
CC interaction Muon 7GeVc
Tue 2 Oct 170425
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 11
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)
bull Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
bull Successive failures in the ventilation systemndash Strong efforts made by TSCV to save the situation
bull Physics run stopped on Monday 22 October 2007 5 days ahead of timendash Failures in the ventilation system control electronics that blocked
switching to access mode in a safe manner
intolerable for an INB facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 7
CNGS Layout
p + C (interactions) + K+ (decay in flight) + +
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
TBID (multiplicity) Muon DetectorsPit 1 Pit 2
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 8
Installation oftarget magazine
(4 in-situ spares)
Installation of Focusing magnet
(lsquoHornrsquo)
CNGS Target Chamber
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 9
60cm
270cm
1125cm
LHC type Beam Loss Monitorsbull Stainless steel cylinder bull Al electrodes 05cm separation
bull N2 gas filling
bull 2x41 fixed monitors + 2x1 movable
Muon Monitors
Online feedback to neutrino beam quality (sensitivity to any misalignment of beam vs target vs horn hornreflector currents etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 10
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
CC interaction Muon 7GeVc
Tue 2 Oct 170425
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 11
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)
bull Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
bull Successive failures in the ventilation systemndash Strong efforts made by TSCV to save the situation
bull Physics run stopped on Monday 22 October 2007 5 days ahead of timendash Failures in the ventilation system control electronics that blocked
switching to access mode in a safe manner
intolerable for an INB facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 8
Installation oftarget magazine
(4 in-situ spares)
Installation of Focusing magnet
(lsquoHornrsquo)
CNGS Target Chamber
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 9
60cm
270cm
1125cm
LHC type Beam Loss Monitorsbull Stainless steel cylinder bull Al electrodes 05cm separation
bull N2 gas filling
bull 2x41 fixed monitors + 2x1 movable
Muon Monitors
Online feedback to neutrino beam quality (sensitivity to any misalignment of beam vs target vs horn hornreflector currents etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 10
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
CC interaction Muon 7GeVc
Tue 2 Oct 170425
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 11
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)
bull Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
bull Successive failures in the ventilation systemndash Strong efforts made by TSCV to save the situation
bull Physics run stopped on Monday 22 October 2007 5 days ahead of timendash Failures in the ventilation system control electronics that blocked
switching to access mode in a safe manner
intolerable for an INB facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 9
60cm
270cm
1125cm
LHC type Beam Loss Monitorsbull Stainless steel cylinder bull Al electrodes 05cm separation
bull N2 gas filling
bull 2x41 fixed monitors + 2x1 movable
Muon Monitors
Online feedback to neutrino beam quality (sensitivity to any misalignment of beam vs target vs horn hornreflector currents etchellip)
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 10
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
CC interaction Muon 7GeVc
Tue 2 Oct 170425
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 11
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)
bull Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
bull Successive failures in the ventilation systemndash Strong efforts made by TSCV to save the situation
bull Physics run stopped on Monday 22 October 2007 5 days ahead of timendash Failures in the ventilation system control electronics that blocked
switching to access mode in a safe manner
intolerable for an INB facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 10
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
CC interaction Muon 7GeVc
Tue 2 Oct 170425
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 11
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)
bull Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
bull Successive failures in the ventilation systemndash Strong efforts made by TSCV to save the situation
bull Physics run stopped on Monday 22 October 2007 5 days ahead of timendash Failures in the ventilation system control electronics that blocked
switching to access mode in a safe manner
intolerable for an INB facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 11
CNGS Run 2007 (1709-22102007)
bull Smooth start-up very good beam performancendash 38 OPERA events in bricksndash More than 400 events from interactions outside OPERA detector
bull Successive failures in the ventilation systemndash Strong efforts made by TSCV to save the situation
bull Physics run stopped on Monday 22 October 2007 5 days ahead of timendash Failures in the ventilation system control electronics that blocked
switching to access mode in a safe manner
intolerable for an INB facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 12
CNGS Electronics Layout
Temperature Probes
Ventilation Units
Target Chamber
ServiceGallery
Proton Beam Linetarget horn He tube 1 reflector He tube 2 decay tube
hellipelectronics equipment
Radiation lsquosafersquo area for electronics
TCV4
TSG4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 13M Batz SBWG 311007
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
Ventilation System
for CNGS
Unit 232
TSG44
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 14
M Batz SBWG 311007
Incidents of CNGS Ventilation System
TCV4 TSG4
Surface
SEU in ventilation electronics Loss of Control and Communication1 amp 2) Electronics of PLC Com PLC unit
237 and remote IO in unit 232 failed 3 Repeater in profibus failed causes
units in TCV4 and units 519 and 231 to stop
3 x Incidents
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 15
CNGS Radiation Levels Calculations with FLUKA
Simulation environmentbull Unified approach for
ndash physics (neutrino and muon fluxes) ndash engineering (power deposition) ndash prompt (radiation damage) dose ratesndash residual (maintenance and interventions) dose rates
bull Reasonably detailed geometry down to muon pits ndash each BLM simulated in detail
bull Service and connection galleries empty ndash no rack no ventilation unit no piping no ducts no doors no
dividing walls should be conservative
bull Common effort of ABATB RP INFN
Available outputs for radiationbull Absorbed and equivalent dose maps (prompt and residual)bull High energy hadron fluencesbull 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluences (for Si damage)bull Particle spectra at several locations
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone ABATB
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 16
Expected Dose Levels
01-1 Gyyr
Gyyr for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
Electronics for CV cranefire detection
lsquoSafersquo Area Electronics for
AB IT TShellip Ventilation UnitsElectronics of Ventilation
Units must be moved
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 17
Switchboard
TransformerBattery charger
Electronics Racks
TSG4
Control Equipment in the CNGS Area
Ventilation System Crane Fire Detectors Transformers Battery Charger Switchboard Ethernet
Control for Target Shutter Decay Tube Temperature Probes Horn amp Reflector Cooling system Radiation Detector Beam Instrumentation (BLMs TBID BFCT BPMs)
lsquoSafersquo Area for Electronics
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 18
Expected Neutron Fluence
1 MeV eq neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
109-1010 1MeV n eqcm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 19
Expected High Energy Hadron Fluence
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot
107-108 hadronscm2yr
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
TSG4
TCV4
TCC4
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 20
Radiation Measurements
bull RadMon Monitors (T Wijnands)bull TLDs (SCRP)
bull PMI detectors (SCRP)
TCV4 lsquosafersquo area for electr TSG4 (vent units)
proton beamtarget
X
X
X Measurements only during last day of operation 721016 pot
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 21
Summary I
bull Detailed analysis and comparison between the simulations and measurements ongoingndash The numbers basically agree
bull Some better understanding of RadMon monitor sensitivity needed
bull No major changes in simulations (updated geometry) with respect to previous calculations confirmed by measurements
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 22
Summary IIbull All installed electronics are COTS (most not even rad hard)bull Nearest completely safe area is ~1000m awaybull For much of the electronics there are technical reasons to limit the
cable lengths to lt100m
bull For MTBF gt 1yearndash Area with electronics must be shielded (gain factor gt104 )
ndash Or move electronics to storage area and add shieldingndash For both cases
bull Critical equipment for access must be moved to the surface (mainly ventilation parts)
bull Redundancy and preventive maintenance and actions
bull Radiation monitoring
CNGS must be ready for beam on 28 May 2008
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 23
Spare Slides
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 24
High energy hadron levels TCV4
Energetic (gt 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of 45 1019 pot vertical cut along TCV4
M Brugger A Ferrari LSarchiapone 281107 FLUKA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 25
Example Expected Particle Spectra in TSG4
Neutron (black) photon (purple) and electron (red) spectra in the service gallery
M
Bru
gg
er
A
Fer
rari
L
Sar
chia
po
ne
28
110
7 F
LU
KA
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 26
Possible solutions1) leave electronics in place
add shieldingRequired reduction factor ~104
Typical shielding ~16m Fe + ~1m concrete but hermetic
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 27
Possible solutions
2) use existing tunnel (TSG40) to house all the electronicsndash TSG40 is foreseen as garage to store broken
hornreflectortarget during the lifetime of the facility Alternative storage areas must be found in that case
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 28
2 Oct 07 184E13 pot
(max 2006 177E13 pot)
24 hr run
184 E13 potextr
2 E12 potextrMD (+strip-line cable)
21 Sept 07 28 Sept 07 1 Oct 07
Setting-up of secondary beam
-Alignment beam vs target vs horn
-Calibration of TBID
-Study behavior for neutrinosantineutrinos
With reference setting increasing intensity
-Setting up of SC-Interlock tests-hornreflector test
CNGS 07 Commissioning Week 38-40
Time
potextr
Total ~5E16 pot
First brick event
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 29
CNGS Physics Run 2007
5 Oct 07 12 Oct 07 19 Oct 07
2 E13 potextrFirst brick event63E17 pot 84E16 pot
72E16 pot
Total 79 E17 pot
Modifications in ventilation control
Loss of ventilation control Stop beam
Stop CNGS non-standard mode of operation (access) not possible in an INB controlled facility
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 30
On-line Muon Profiles after Optimizations
2 x 14E13potextr
Horizontal pit1
Vertical pit2Vertical pit1
Horizontal pit2
bull Pit 1 sensitive to target vs horn alignment
bull Pit 2 sensitive to beam vs target alignment
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
6th LHC Radiation Workshop29 November 2007
E Gschwendtner ABATB 31
Radiological Issues
bull Beam onndash lt 100Svh outside the horn shieldingndash lt 2Svh in service gallery
bull Beam off immediately afterwardsndash 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN
rule) Examples
ndash 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the targetndash 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
bull Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
top related