classical conditioning ivan pavlov

IVAN PAVLOV

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

BEHAVIORAL LEARNING THEORIES

Key Individuals Associated with this Theory:

IVAN PAVLOV –created the classical conditioning theory.

B.F Skinner – created the operant conditioning theory.

Albert Bandura - Created the social cognitive theory.

John B. Watson – worked with the classical conditioning theory.

BEHAVIORISM

Is a learning theory based on the idea, that behavior can be controlled or modified based on the antecedents and consequences of a behavior .

BEHAVIORISM

ANTECEDENTSAn antecedent is an event that occurs

before a behavior and can affect the likelihood of the behavior occurring.

•EXAMPLE:• Julius was playing with his blocks in his room.

Dad told Julius it was time to clean up the blocks for dinner. He threw his blocks across the room, screamed loudly, and threw himself on the floor. Dad walked out of the room.

A behavior will only occur if given the right environment or antecedent.

The behavior is more or less likely to re occur based on the reinforcements or consequences that fallow, such as rewards and punishments.

Importance of Behaviorism (Classroom)

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

Is a type of learning that had a major influence on the school of thought in psychology known as behaviorism. Discovered by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov, classical conditioning is a learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.

The Unconditioned Stimulus is one that unconditionally, naturally, and

automatically triggers a response.

The Unconditioned Response is the unlearned response that occurs

naturally in response to the unconditioned stimulus.

Four Components of Conditioning:

The Conditioned Stimulus is previously neutral stimulus that, after

becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus, eventually comes to trigger a conditioned response.

The Conditioned Responseis the learned response to the previously

neutral stimulus.

 Bon Appétit !!!!

One of the most famous examples of classical conditioning was John B. Watson's experiment in which a fear response was conditioned in a young boy known as “Little Albert”. The child initially showed no fear of a white rat, but after the presentation of the rat was paired repeatedly with loud, scary sounds, the child would cry when the rat was present. The child's fear also generalized to other fuzzy white objects.

Classical Conditioning a Fear Response

The Little Albert experiment presents and example of how classical conditioning can be used to condition an emotional response.

Neutral Stimulus: The white ratUnconditioned Stimulus: The loud noiseUnconditioned Response: FearConditioned Stimulus: The white ratConditioned Response: Fear

Elements of Classical Conditioning in the Little Albert Experiment

TRIVIA:Who is little Albert?

oName: Douglas

Merritte

Died: age of six on

May 10, 1925

Cause of Death:

hydrocephalus, a

build-up of fluid in

his brain.