child protection against electronic waste

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CHILD PROTECTION againstCHILD PROTECTION againstELECTRONIC WASTEELECTRONIC WASTE

By:

Kristine Athena M. Nedamo, ECE

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AGENDA:AGENDA:

What is Electronic Waste (E-Waste)?

The Threats of Electronic Wastes

Effects of E-Waste on Children

Laws on Electronic Wastes

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What is Electronic Waste (EWhat is Electronic Waste (E--waste)?waste)?

E-waste refers to electronic products

nearing the end of their "useful

life." Computers, televisions, VCRs,

stereos, copiers, and fax machines arecommon electronic products. Many of

these products can be reused, refurbished,

or recycled.

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The Threats of Electronic Wastes:The Threats of Electronic Wastes:

Improper Electronic Waste Storage

,

Gas)

Health Risks, exposure to hazardous

elements

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Improper EImproper E--waste Management:waste Management:

Major Players/Sector Category E-Waste Management PracticeHouseholds/Commercial

Business/Institutions

still resort to dumping as a common mode of

garbage disposal even electronic wastes

(Data from WACS Mandaue & Cebu)

Households keep obsolete or defective appliances

and gadgets

Waste pickers collects, sells & disposes garbage e-

wastes

MRF of Lapu-Lapu City is now operational none to low protection in handling e-waste

Industry Generators Most industries enters into lease contracts on IT &

Telecommunication suppliers/service providers

including upgrading & disposal at most every 2 years

Industries in Cebu classify e-wastes under hazardous

scraps and contracted with Buyers/Contractors

Scrap Buyers/ Contractors/

Repairers/ Refurbishers/

Recyclers

(Data is based on mixed e-waste with IT &

Telecommunication equipment topped the list

followed by HH equipment and Consumer Goods)

Generally, scrap buyers conduct site dismantling but

with minimum awareness on risk/hazard of specific

waste

Classifies dismantled wastes into plastics, metals,

saleable to non-saleable

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Environment Degradation(Land, Air & Water)Environment Degradation(Land, Air & Water)

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Health Risks:Health Risks:

ELEMENT USE in WirelessTechnology Harmful EFFECTS

Lead Used primarily in

soldering of

circuit boards and

other device

components

Extremely harmful to the human

body; damages both the central and

peripheral nervous systems; can

cause seizures, retardation, high

blood pressure, damage to thekidne s and liver; adversel affects

child development

Beryllium Forms significant

portions of electrical

connectors andbattery contacts

Long term exposure can be

carcinogenic, especially for the lungs.

Extreme exposure can lead to apotentially fatal condition known as

Acute Beryllium Disease

Arsenic Used in some

integrated circuits

and semiconductors

Arsenic is a notoriously potent

poison; causes severe damage to the

digestive tract

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Health Risks:Health Risks:ELEMENT USE in Wireless

Technology

Harmful EFFECTS

Mercury Can be found to a degree in

batteries and circuit boards

Attacks the central nervous

and endocrine systems;

harmful to mouth, teeth and

gums; poses risk in the

neurological development ofunborn fetuses

Antimony Used in production of

diodes and batteries. Pure

form used in semiconductor

production

Toxic to humans in ways

similar to arsenic; fatal in large

doses

Cadmium Used in soldering,

semiconductors and chip

resistors

Potentially carcinogenic;

Repeated exposure can

damage the lungs, kidneys and

liver

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Effects of EEffects of E--Waste on Children:Waste on Children:

Collects and sells some of e-wastes for

less value and at great risk to their health.

Wide range of effects on childrens

develo ment and behavior

When exposed to small amounts of lead

children may become inattentive,

hyperactive and irritable, have problemswith reading, learning, delayed growth and

loss of hearing which can lead to

permanent brain damage and even death.

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Child Protection: A Basic RightChild Protection: A Basic Right

UN Convention on the Rights ofthe Child Article 4 (Protection of

rights): Governments have a

responsibility to take all availablemeasures to make sure childrens

rights are respected, protected and

fulfilled. They must help familiesprotect childrens rights and create an

environment where they can grow and

reach their potential at high standards.

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Child Protection: A Basic RightChild Protection: A Basic Right

UN Convention on the Rights of the

Child Article 6 (Survival and

- Children have the right to live.

Governments should ensure that

children survive and develop healthily.

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Laws on Electronic Waste:Laws on Electronic Waste:

Republic Act (RA) 6969: Toxic Substances andHazardous and Nuclear Waste Control of 1990

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DAO 92DAO 92--29: The Implementing29: The Implementing

Rules and RegulationsRules and Regulations

provides for the regulation of all chemical

substances that may pose threat to public

health and the environment whether throughimport, manufacture, sale, use, distribution, and

disposal

provides for the regulation of all hazardous

wastes from generation, transport, storage, re-

use/recycling, treatment and disposal

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Sources:Sources:

Geri Geronimo R. Saez, REGIONAL WORSHOP ON E-WASTE

MANAGEMENT, Osaka, Japan, 6-9 July 2010

http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/electronics/whatisewaste/

http://www.recyclingforcharities.com/environmental-effects-of-e-waste.php

MH Wong, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, and

Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University

. . . . . .

http://www.unicef.org/crc/files/Rights_overview.pdf

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