chapter two, section 2

Our Blue PlanetOur Blue Planet

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Chapter 2, Section 2Mr. Philen LECTURE TIME!!!!!!

Chapter 2, Section 2Mr. Philen LECTURE TIME!!!!!!

• No freshwater, no saltwater = no life

• Water supports plants, animals

• Helps distribute heat on earth

• No freshwater, no saltwater = no life

• Water supports plants, animals

• Helps distribute heat on earth

Oceans and SeasOceans and Seas

• Salt water covers 71 % of planet

• (60 % of Northern Hemisphere, 81% of Southern Hemisphere)

• Atlantic, PACIFIC, Indian, Arctic

• Salt water covers 71 % of planet

• (60 % of Northern Hemisphere, 81% of Southern Hemisphere)

• Atlantic, PACIFIC, Indian, Arctic

Ocean MotionOcean Motion• Salt water circulates through 3 basic

motions:1) Currents - act like rivers flowing through

ocean2) Waves - ridges produced by winds3) Tides - rises and falls of the ocean created

by gravitational pull of moon or the sun

• Oceans help distribute heat on the planet; winds blow over ocean and are either heated or cooled by water, then blow over land, which moderate temperature of air over the land

• Salt water circulates through 3 basic motions:

1) Currents - act like rivers flowing through ocean

2) Waves - ridges produced by winds3) Tides - rises and falls of the ocean created

by gravitational pull of moon or the sun

• Oceans help distribute heat on the planet; winds blow over ocean and are either heated or cooled by water, then blow over land, which moderate temperature of air over the land

HYDROLOGIC CYCLE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE

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Hydrologic cycle: what happens?

Hydrologic cycle: what happens?

1) Water evaporates into the atmosphere from oceans, bodies of water, and plants (the water exists in atmosphere as vapor)

2) Vapor cools, condenses, and falls to earth as precipitation, rain, or snow

3) Water soaks into the ground, evaporates to the atmosphere, or flows into rivers to be recycled

1) Water evaporates into the atmosphere from oceans, bodies of water, and plants (the water exists in atmosphere as vapor)

2) Vapor cools, condenses, and falls to earth as precipitation, rain, or snow

3) Water soaks into the ground, evaporates to the atmosphere, or flows into rivers to be recycled

Lakes, Rivers, and StreamsLakes, Rivers, and Streams• Lakes = 95% of all earth’s fresh water

supply• Largest --Lake Baikal in Russia (totaling

18% of all freshwater on earth)• Freshwater lakes are result of glacial

action thousands of years ago• Saltwater lakes result from changes in

earth’s surface that cut off outlets to the sea - form when creeks and rivers carry salts, but no outlet

• Largest salt lake: Caspian sea --Western Asia

• Lakes = 95% of all earth’s fresh water supply

• Largest --Lake Baikal in Russia (totaling 18% of all freshwater on earth)

• Freshwater lakes are result of glacial action thousands of years ago

• Saltwater lakes result from changes in earth’s surface that cut off outlets to the sea - form when creeks and rivers carry salts, but no outlet

• Largest salt lake: Caspian sea --Western Asia

Un poco mas…Un poco mas…• Drainage basin: an area drained by

a major river and its tributaries• Ground water: water held in the

pores of rocks• Water table: level at which the

rock is saturated - can rise or fall depending on amount of water pumped out of ground

• Drainage basin: an area drained by a major river and its tributaries

• Ground water: water held in the pores of rocks

• Water table: level at which the rock is saturated - can rise or fall depending on amount of water pumped out of ground

Activity: IDENTIFY THIS and THAT

Activity: IDENTIFY THIS and THAT

• Now, turn your book to page 34 and 35. Mr. Philen is going to show you a variety of pictures of landforms, identify them…

• Now, turn your book to page 34 and 35. Mr. Philen is going to show you a variety of pictures of landforms, identify them…

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What landforms exist in Senegal? In Africa?

What landforms exist in Senegal? In Africa?

• How could we draw a landform map for Senegal?

• What elements would we include?

• How could we draw a landform map for Senegal?

• What elements would we include?

Video-ologyVideo-ology• Now, we will watch a video on an

example landform.

• http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/index.html

• http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/index.html

• See video of planet earth

• Now, we will watch a video on an example landform.

• http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/index.html

• http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/index.html

• See video of planet earth

Continental LandformsContinental Landforms

• Relief: difference in elevation of a landform from its lowest point to its highest point

• Four categories: mountains, hills, plains, plateaus

• Relief: difference in elevation of a landform from its lowest point to its highest point

• Four categories: mountains, hills, plains, plateaus

Continental Landforms you need to know

Continental Landforms you need to know

• Volcano -mountain• Strait -valley• Island -glacier• Cape/peninsula -cataract• Bay -canyon• Swamp -cliff• Flood/plain -plateau• Marsh -mesa• Oasis -prairie• Steppe

• Volcano -mountain• Strait -valley• Island -glacier• Cape/peninsula -cataract• Bay -canyon• Swamp -cliff• Flood/plain -plateau• Marsh -mesa• Oasis -prairie• Steppe

Oceanic LandformsOceanic Landforms

• There are landforms similar to the land on the sea floor

• Continental shelf - earth’s surface from edge of a continent to the deep part of the ocean

• Ocean floor contains ridges, valleys, canyons, plains

• Longest: Mid-Atlantic Ridge• Islands can form from volcanic action

• There are landforms similar to the land on the sea floor

• Continental shelf - earth’s surface from edge of a continent to the deep part of the ocean

• Ocean floor contains ridges, valleys, canyons, plains

• Longest: Mid-Atlantic Ridge• Islands can form from volcanic action

Chapter 2, section 3Chapter 2, section 3

• Tectonic plates: moving pieces of Earth’s lithosphere

• 3 types of boundaries

• Divergent boundary - move apart, spreading horizontally

• Convergent boundary - collide, one plate to dive under another

• Transform boundary - plates slide past one another

• Tectonic plates: moving pieces of Earth’s lithosphere

• 3 types of boundaries

• Divergent boundary - move apart, spreading horizontally

• Convergent boundary - collide, one plate to dive under another

• Transform boundary - plates slide past one another