chapter 1 personal development your personality section 1-1

Chapter 1

Personal Development

Your Personality

Section 1-1

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Objectives

• Explain how heredity and environment affect personality development.

• Formulate ways to enhance your personality.

• Compare and contrast self-concept and self-esteem.

• Identify suggestions for improving self-esteem.

How Personality Develops

• Personality is the combination of traits that make you a unique person

• Traits are qualities that make you different from everyone else

• Heredity refers to the passing of traits to a new generation

• You receive inherited traits from your parents

Environment

• Environment includes everything and everyone around you

• Acquired traits develop as a result of your environment

• Your family is important in shaping your personality

• Friends and classmates affect your acquired traits

Changing Your Personality

• Your personality has taken form in early childhood

• You can change or improve some personality traits with effort– be more friendly– be less aggressive © auremar/Shutterstock.com

Your Self-Concept

• Self-concept is the mental image you have of yourself

• Self-esteem is how you feel about yourself

Improving Your Self-Esteem

• Build your self-confidence to help you deal with events in a positive way

• Develop healthy self-esteem by looking at your positive qualities

• Try not to compare yourself with others• Learn to give and accept compliments

Developing New Interests

• Improve your self-esteem by getting involved in groups and activities

• Learn new skills• Pursue hobbies that interest you• Keep an open mind and try new

activities

Developing a Positive Attitude

• Attitudes are feelings and opinions about someone or something

• Optimists have positive attitudes• Pessimists have negative attitudes• A smile reflects healthy self-esteem

and a positive attitude

Section 1-1 Review• List two factors in your environment

that influence personality.(List two:) family, friends, school

• Define the term self-esteem.How you feel about yourself.

Growing and Changing

Section 1-2

Objectives

• Describe physical, intellectual, emotional, and social changes that occur during adolescence.

• Give examples of ways to handle negative emotions.

• Relate how the physical, intellectual, emotional, and social changes that take place during adolescence help you achieve certain developmental tasks.

Growth and Development

• There are three major stages in life– childhood– adolescence– adulthood

• You are in the adolescent stage• Many developmental tasks are

achieved during adolescence

continued

Growth and Development

• Four major types of changes occur during growth and development– physical changes– intellectual changes– emotional changes– social changes

Physical Changes

• You may experience growth spurts during adolescence

• Puberty is when your body matures sexually

• Hormones in your body influence growth and development

• Individuals grow and develop at different rates

Intellectual Changes

• About 80 percent of adult intellect is formed by age eight

• Reasoning abilities increase during adolescence

Emotional Changes

• Emotions are feelings you have about people and your surroundings

• Emotions may become more intense during adolescence

Negative Emotions

• Failing to control negative emotions, such as anger, jealousy, and fear, can affect your relationships with others

• Sharing negative feelings with a friend can be helpful

• Physical activity may change a negative mood

Positive Emotions

• Happiness and love are examples of positive emotions

• Positive emotions make you feel good• You should learn to express strong

positive emotions in an appropriate way

Social Changes

• Developing social skills is an important part of adolescence

• Learning how to act in various roles is a part of social development

Section 1-2 Review• Define adolescence.

The stage of life between childhood and adulthood.

• List two examples of roles you currently fill.(List two:) sister, brother, cousin,

student, friend, team member.

Becoming Independent

Section 1-3

Objectives

• Explain how to achieve independence.

• Identify ways to show responsibility at home and at school.

• Demonstrate how to be a responsible citizen in your local and global communities.

Achieving Independence

• Those who have achieved independence are responsible for their own actions

• People start becoming independent during adolescence

• Responsibilities are duties or jobs that you must carry through

Accepting Responsibility

• Accepting responsibilities shows that you are becoming independent

• You can show responsibility by– doing what you say you will

do– getting an after school or

summer job– managing your money

Being Responsible for Yourself

• Part of growing up is accepting responsibility for yourself and making decisions– accept results for your actions– choose skills to develop– consider how your actions affect others

Responsibilities at Home

• As a member of a family, you have responsibilities that may include– helping with housework– preparing meals– taking care of a younger brother or

sister• Handling responsibilities well shows

that you are ready for more independence

Responsibilities at School

• You have many responsibilities at school– arrive on time – complete your work on time– bring needed supplies– follow school rules

• Learning is your most important responsibility

Responsibilities in the Community

• You have many responsibilities to the community as a citizen

• You can display good citizenship by– obeying laws– showing respect for authority figures– showing respect for other people and

their property– using community property carefully

Volunteering

• One way to show good citizenship is to volunteer by donating your money, materials, or time to help others

• Many places offer volunteer opportunities– hospitals– community centers– retirement homes © mangostock/Shutterstock.com

Section 1-3 Review• Duties or jobs that you must carry

through are called _____. responsibilities

• List two examples that demonstrate accepting responsibility.(List two:) being responsible for your

home, school, community, and yourself

chapter 1 personal development your personality section 1-1

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