ch 4.1 & 4.2 reproduction comparison

Ch. 4.1 & 4.2

Sexual vs. Asexual

Reproduction

Lesson 1 Reading Guide

1. Compare/Contrast sexual reproduction & asexual reproduction

2. What are the different types of asexual reproduction?

Focus Questions

Lesson 1

• Sexual reproduction:

– 2 parents produce offspring that is genetically different (combination of both parents’ DNA)

• The cells that combine during sexual reproduction are called sex cells: the egg and sperm cells (both haploids).

• Zygote – the fertilized cell (diploid)

1. Compare/Contrast sexual reproduction & asexual reproduction

Lesson 1

During a process called fertilization, an egg cell and a sperm cell join together to create a zygote.

1. Compare/Contrast sexual reproduction & asexual reproduction

Lesson 1

The fertilized egg, formed when sex cells join together, divides by mitosis to create a diploid organism.

How does Meiosis relate to Sexual Reproduction?

Lesson 1

• Asexual reproduction:– 1 parent organism produces offspring that

is genetically identical (without using

meiosis & fertilization)

• 6 types of asexual reproduction:– Fission

– Mitotic cell division

– Budding

– Animal regeneration

– Vegetative reproduction

– Cloning

1. Compare/Contrast sexual reproduction & asexual reproduction

Sexual

Reproduction

Both Asexual

Reproduction

2 parents = offspring

genetically different

1 parent = offspring

genetically identicalGenetic info passed

on to offspring

Creates genetic

variation (diversity)No genetic variation

Involves meiosis to

create haploid cells

Does not involve

meiosisBoth can involve

mitosis

Consumes time &

energy (mates,

maturity, etc.)

Saves time & energy

(no mate required)

1. Compare/Contrast sexual reproduction & asexual reproduction

• For each type of asexual

reproduction, include:– Name of reproduction type

– Brief description

– Example

– Picture

2. What are the different types of asexual reproduction?

Fission:Cell division in

prokaryotes

Ex: bacteria (E. Coli)

2. What are the different types of asexual reproduction?

Mitotic cell

division:New unicellular

organism formed

through mitosis &

cytokinesis

Ex: amoebas

2. What are the different types of asexual reproduction?

Budding:New organism grows

by mitosis &

cytokinesis on the

body of its parent

Ex: hydra & yeast

2. What are the different types of asexual reproduction?

Animal Regeneration:Offspring grows from

piece of parent

Ex: starfish, sea urchins,

sponges, planarians

2. What are the different types of asexual reproduction?

Vegetative reproduction:

Offspring grows from part

of parent plant

Ex: strawberries, potatoes,

African violets

2. What are the different types of asexual reproduction?

Cloning:

Offspring produced by a

cell or cluster of cells

taken from a

multicellular organisms

(performed in a lab)

Ex: fruits & veggies through

tissue cultures; Dolly

the sheep

2. What are the different types of asexual reproduction?

Which type of reproduction occurs

when the genetic materials from two

different cells combine to produce

offspring?

A. Animal

B. Asexual

C. Sexual

D. Zygote

Animal

Asexual

Sexual

Zygote

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45

What is the name of the new cell

formed through fertilization during

sexual reproduction?

A. An egg

B. A sperm

C. A chromosome

D. A zygote

An egg

A sperm

A chro

moso

me

A zygote

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45

Which term describes offspring growing from a piece of its parent?

A. Budding

B. Cloning

C. Fission

D. Regeneration

Budding

Clonin

g

Fissio

n

Regeneratio

n

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45

Which process do farmers use to make copies of a plant with desirable traits?

A. Budding

B. Cloning

C. Regeneration

D. Vegetative propagation

Budding

Clonin

g

Regeneratio

n

Vegeta

tive p

ropaga

tion

0 000

45

What type of asexual reproduction is performed in a laboratory to produce identical individuals from a cell or cluster of cells?

A. Cloning

B. Mitosis

C. Regeneration

D. Vegetative reproduction

Clonin

g

Mito

sis

Regeneratio

n

Vegeta

tive re

product

ion

0 000

45

A new organism grows, by mitosis and cell

division, on the body of its parent during which

process?

A. Budding

B. Cloning

C. Regeneration

D. Vegetative

Reproduction

Budding

Clonin

g

Regeneratio

n

Vegeta

tive R

eproduct

ion

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45

What is the name for a cell that has only half of

the chromosomes?

A. chromatid

B. diploid

C. haploid

D. homologue

chro

mat

id

diplo

id

haplo

id

homolo

gue

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45

If a diploid cell with 20 chromosomes goes

through meiosis, how many chromosomes

will the resulting haploid cell have?

A. 10

B. 20

C. 30

D. 40

10 20 30 40

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45

If a diploid cell with 12 chromosomes goes

through mitosis, how many chromosomes

will the resulting diploid cell have?

A. 3

B. 6

C. 12

D. 24

3 6 12 24

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45

Which type of cells go through meiosis?

A. Body cells

B. Brain cells

C. Haploid cells

D. Reproductive cells

Body cells

Brain

cells

Haploid

cells

Reproduct

ive ce

lls

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45

During what phase do the chromosomes line up in

the middle of the cell?

a. b. c. d.

0 000

a. Prophase

b. Metaphase

c. Anaphase

d. Telophase

45

During what phase does the DNA condense into

chromosomes and the nuclear membrane

disappear?

a. b. c. d.

0 000

a. Telophase

b. Prophase

c. Anaphase

d. Metaphase

45

During telophase, two identical __________

form.

a. b. c. d.

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a. Centrioles

b. Chromosomes

c. Nuclei

d. Spindle fibers

45

When does the cell actually split into 2

separate daughter cells?

A. Prophase

B. Anaphase

C. Telophase

D. Metaphase

E. Interphase

F. Cytokinesis

45

Prophase

Anaphase

Telophase

Meta

phase

Inte

rphase

Cytokin

esis

0 0 0000

When does the DNA replicate (make copies)?

A. Prophase

B. Anaphase

C. Interphase

D. Metaphase

E. Telophase

45

Prophase

Anaphase

Inte

rphase

Meta

phase

Telophase

0 0 000