catalyst
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Catalyst Did you take advantage of your 3-day break?
If so, how? If not, why not? What would you have done?
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane All cells (pro & eu) have a plasma/cell
membrane!
Recall:Protons
ElectronsNeutrons
Atoms Molecules Monomers Macromolecules/Polymers
Cells Organisms
Chemistry Biology
Found in
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane
Zoom-In
Cell
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell MembraneExtracellular Fluid (Outside Cell)
Cytoplasm (Inside Cell)
Cholesterol
Protein
Phospholipid Bilayer
Lipid
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Carbohydrate
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Fluid Mosaic Model
Phospholipids: Structure, liquid-y Proteins: Transport across membrane Carbohydrates: Signaling Cholesterols: Stability
“Moving”“Many parts”
Macromolecules!(no nucleic acids)
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Semi-permeable membrane
Allows small molecules through,but not larger molecules
Plasma membrane is semi-permeable Regulates what can/cannot enter/exit the cell.
Phospholipid Bilayer: main portion of membrane
“Partially”“Passable”
“Two”
PhospholipidHydrophobic ( water)
Hydrophilic ( water)
2 layers (“bi” layer)
Mini-Lesson: Concentration Amount of solute in solvent Example: 6 grams sugar in 2 liters water
Importance? Molecules want to move from high [ ] to low [ ] Imagine:
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane
Concentration =SoluteSolvent =6 g sugar
2 L water**Symbol for Concentration: [ ]
[sugar] = 3 g/L
Solvent Solute
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Concentration & semi-permeability are
important to the plasma membrane!! Number One: Diffusion
Diagram Source: http://arditobook.pbworks.com/w/page/11348839/Diffusion
Equal [ ]
Small Molecule
**If small molecule is water = OSMOSIS!Type of
Diffusion
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Concentration & semi-permeability are
important to the plasma membrane!! (cont.) Number Two: Facilitated Diffusion
Diagram Source: http://spmbiology403.blogspot.com/2008/08/passive-transport-facilitated-diffusion.html
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Channel Protein Carrier Protein
High [ ]
Low [ ]
LargerMolecules
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Diffusion vs. Facilitated Diffusion
Diffusion through phospholipid bilayer Facilitated diffusion through protein (channel OR
carrier) Both go from HIGH [ ] to LOW [ ]
Concentration & semi-permeability are important to the plasma membrane!! (cont. x2) Number Three: Cell Membrane Pump
High [K+]
Low [K+]
High[Na+]
Low [Na+]
Diagram Source: http://cosbiology.pbworks.com/w/page/11556267/Lesson%207-02%20Nerve%20Impulse
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane ATP: Energy!
(Adenosine Triphosphate)
(Adenosine Diphosphate)
(Phosphate)
Image Source (ATP): http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lectf03am/ATP02a.jpgImage Source (Reaction): http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20101/bio%20101%20lectures/energy/metabo13.gif
ATP Structure
ATP Reaction
Cell Part: Plasma/Cell Membrane Gradient: High [ ] to Low [ ]
Passive Transport: Goes w/ gradient, requires NO energy
Active Transport: Goes against gradient, REQUIRES energy Membrane
Transport
Passive Transport
Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion
Channel Proteins
Carrier Proteins
Active Transport
Cell Membrane
Pump? ?
Cell Part: Plasma/Cell Membrane Osmosis: Diffusion of water across a semi-
permeable membrane
Image Source: http://course1.winona.edu/sberg/ILLUST/fig8-10.GIF
Before After
[C6H12O6] lower“Hypotonic”
[C6H12O6] higher“Hypotonic”
[C6H12O6] equal“Isotonic”
More water
Less waterZoom In
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell MembraneCells in isotonic Solution
Cells in hypertonic solution
Cells in hypotonic solution
Normal Shape
Shriveled Shape
Inflated Shape
Image Source: http://mywellnesswarehouse.com/Images/Interior/Isotonic/HypertonicIsotonicHypto.gif
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