b.s agri nematode classification

PHYLUM NEMATODA

SECERNENTEA(PHASMIDIA)

ADENOPHOREA(APHASMIDIA)

CLASS

CLASS SECERNENTEA Excretory system with lateral canal Amphid aperture usually small pore like Phasmid present Caudal gland absent Somatic sensory organ usually absent

CLASS ADENOPHOREA Excretory system without lateral canal Amphid aperture usually well-developed Phasmid absent Caudal gland present Somatic sensory organ present

• The entire classification of Phylum Nematoda is too extensive.

• It includes animal and insect parasites as well as marine, fresh-water and soil-inhabiting groups.

•All of them are included in eleven orders.

• But important are those groups which are related with plants and soil.

• The only order Tylenchida is a very large and diverse group of nematodes.

CLASS SECERNENTEA TYLENCHIDA RHABDITIDA

STRONGYLIDA

ASCARIDIDA

SPIRURIDA

CAMALLANIDA

CLASS ADENOPHOREA

DORYLAIMIDA

CHROMADORIDA

MONHYSTERIDA

ENOPLIDA

DICTOPHYMATIDA

ORDER TYLENCHIDA

SUBORDERS

Tylenchina (Orley, 1880) Geraert, 1966Dorsal esophageal gland outlet located in

procorpus of oesophagus often near base of stylet.

Aphelenchina (Fuchs, 1937) Geraert, 1966Dorsal oesophageal gland outlet situated in

median bulb (metacorpus) of oesophagus.

SUBORDER TYLENCHINA

SUPERFAMILIES

Atylenchoidea: Head with setae. Neotylenchoidea: Head without setae. Valvular median oesophageal bulb

absent. Criconematoidea: Valvular median oesophageal bulb present. Oesophagus

basically Criconematoid. Tylenchoidea: Oesophagus tylenchoid. Both sexes active, vermiform

nematodes, ectoparasites or migratory parasites, bursa present, often large. Heterodiroidea: Oesophagus tylenchoid. Females inactive, swollen,

sessile, attached to or within plant roots, with pronounced sexual dimorphism; eggs may be retained in body or often deposited in gelatinous matrix, males vermiform with small bursa or more often without.

ATYLENCHOIDEA

Atetylenchus spp.

Head with setae

NEOTYLENCHOIDEA

Neotylenchus spp. and other genera

Head without setae.

Valvular median oesophageal bulb absent

CRICONEMATOIDEA

Hemicriconemoides spp. Criconema spp.

Valvular median Oesophageal bulb present

Oesophagus basically criconematoid

CRICONEMATOIDEA

Criconemella spp.

Valvular median oesophageal bulb present

Oesophagus basically criconematoid

TYLENCHOIDEA

Hoplolaimus spp.

Oesophagus tylenchoid Both sexes active, vermiform

Ectoparasites or migratory parasitesBursa present, often large

HETERODIROIDEA

Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.)

Oesophagus tylenchoidFemales inactive, swollen,

sessile, attached to or within plant roots, with pronounced sexual dimorphism

Eggs may be retained in body or often deposited in gelatinous matrix

Males vermiform with small bursa or more often without

HETERODIROIDEA

Cyst Nematode (Heterodera spp.)

SUPERFAMILY TYLENCHOIDEA

FAMILIES

Tylenchidae Dolichodoridae Tylenchorhynchidae Pratylenchidae Hoplolaimidae Belonolaimidae

Tylenchidae

Oesophageal glands enclosed in a basal bulb.

Head without or with light-to-moderate sclerotization

Stylet weakly to moderately developed

Ovaries 1 or 2 Valva in posterior part of

body Bursa adanal Females tails filiform,

clavate, or elongate conoid.

Tylenchus spp.

Dolichodoridae

Oesophageal glands enclosed in a basal bulb

Head with massive sclerotization

Stylet long and well developed

Ovaries 2, bursa large, terminal trilobed

Dolichodorus spp.

Tylenchorhynchidae

Oesophageal glands enclosed in a basal bulb. Head without or with light-to- moderate sclerotization Stylet weakly to moderately developed Ovaries 1 or 2, Vulva always median Bursa adanal or enveloping tail but

not trilobed Female tail cylindrical, conoid, with

rounded swollen, or acute terminus

Tylenchorhynchus spp.

Pratylenchidae Oesophgeal glands over

lapping anterior end of intestime

Female head low, broad at its base rounded or flattened anteriorly

Pratylenchus spp.

Hoplolaimidae

Oesophgeal glands lobbed over lapping anterior end of intestine.

Female head high or elevated.

Female tail not more than 2 anal body width in length

Phasmids small, pore like or large (scutellae) and variable in position.

Hoplolaimus spp.

Belonolaimidae

Oesophgeal glands lobbed over lapping anterior end of intestine.

Female head high or elevated.

Female tail at least 2 anal body width in length

Plasmids always small pore like and located on tail.

FAMILY TYLENCHIDAE

SUB-FAMILY

• Dactylotylenchinae: Dactylotylenchus• Tylodorinae: Tylodorus• Psilenchinae: Psilenchus• Schynotylenchinae: Schynotylenchus• Anguininae: Anguina• Tylenchinae: Tylenchus• Ditylenchinae: Ditylenchus

GENUS

FAMILY TYLENCHORHYNCHIDAE

SUB-FAMILY GENUS

TYLENCHORHYNCHINAE: TYLENCHORHYNCHUS

TROPHURINAE: TROPHURUS

FA MILY DOLICHODORIDAE

SUB-FAMILY GENUS

DOLICHODORINAE: DOLICHODORUS

FAMILY BELONOLAIMIDAE

SUB-FAMILY GENUS

BELONOLAIMINAE: BELONOLAIMUSTELOTYLENCHINAE: TELOTYLENCHUS

FAMILY PRATYLENCHIDAE

• SUB-FAMILY GENUS

• PRATYLENCHINAE: PRATYLENCHUS• RADOPHOLINAE: RADOPHOLUS

FAMILY HOPLOLAIMIDAE

• SUB-FAMILY GENUS

• HOPLOLAIMINAE: HOPLOLAIMUS

ROTYLENCHINAE: : ROTYLENCHUS HELICOTYLENCHUS

• ROTYLENCHOIDINAE: ROTYLENCHOIDES• APHASMATYLENCHINAE: APHASMATYLENCHUS