b.s agri nematode classification
TRANSCRIPT
PHYLUM NEMATODA
SECERNENTEA(PHASMIDIA)
ADENOPHOREA(APHASMIDIA)
CLASS
CLASS SECERNENTEA Excretory system with lateral canal Amphid aperture usually small pore like Phasmid present Caudal gland absent Somatic sensory organ usually absent
CLASS ADENOPHOREA Excretory system without lateral canal Amphid aperture usually well-developed Phasmid absent Caudal gland present Somatic sensory organ present
• The entire classification of Phylum Nematoda is too extensive.
• It includes animal and insect parasites as well as marine, fresh-water and soil-inhabiting groups.
•All of them are included in eleven orders.
• But important are those groups which are related with plants and soil.
• The only order Tylenchida is a very large and diverse group of nematodes.
CLASS SECERNENTEA TYLENCHIDA RHABDITIDA
STRONGYLIDA
ASCARIDIDA
SPIRURIDA
CAMALLANIDA
CLASS ADENOPHOREA
DORYLAIMIDA
CHROMADORIDA
MONHYSTERIDA
ENOPLIDA
DICTOPHYMATIDA
ORDER TYLENCHIDA
SUBORDERS
Tylenchina (Orley, 1880) Geraert, 1966Dorsal esophageal gland outlet located in
procorpus of oesophagus often near base of stylet.
Aphelenchina (Fuchs, 1937) Geraert, 1966Dorsal oesophageal gland outlet situated in
median bulb (metacorpus) of oesophagus.
SUBORDER TYLENCHINA
SUPERFAMILIES
Atylenchoidea: Head with setae. Neotylenchoidea: Head without setae. Valvular median oesophageal bulb
absent. Criconematoidea: Valvular median oesophageal bulb present. Oesophagus
basically Criconematoid. Tylenchoidea: Oesophagus tylenchoid. Both sexes active, vermiform
nematodes, ectoparasites or migratory parasites, bursa present, often large. Heterodiroidea: Oesophagus tylenchoid. Females inactive, swollen,
sessile, attached to or within plant roots, with pronounced sexual dimorphism; eggs may be retained in body or often deposited in gelatinous matrix, males vermiform with small bursa or more often without.
ATYLENCHOIDEA
Atetylenchus spp.
Head with setae
NEOTYLENCHOIDEA
Neotylenchus spp. and other genera
Head without setae.
Valvular median oesophageal bulb absent
CRICONEMATOIDEA
Hemicriconemoides spp. Criconema spp.
Valvular median Oesophageal bulb present
Oesophagus basically criconematoid
CRICONEMATOIDEA
Criconemella spp.
Valvular median oesophageal bulb present
Oesophagus basically criconematoid
TYLENCHOIDEA
Hoplolaimus spp.
Oesophagus tylenchoid Both sexes active, vermiform
Ectoparasites or migratory parasitesBursa present, often large
HETERODIROIDEA
Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.)
Oesophagus tylenchoidFemales inactive, swollen,
sessile, attached to or within plant roots, with pronounced sexual dimorphism
Eggs may be retained in body or often deposited in gelatinous matrix
Males vermiform with small bursa or more often without
HETERODIROIDEA
Cyst Nematode (Heterodera spp.)
SUPERFAMILY TYLENCHOIDEA
FAMILIES
Tylenchidae Dolichodoridae Tylenchorhynchidae Pratylenchidae Hoplolaimidae Belonolaimidae
Tylenchidae
Oesophageal glands enclosed in a basal bulb.
Head without or with light-to-moderate sclerotization
Stylet weakly to moderately developed
Ovaries 1 or 2 Valva in posterior part of
body Bursa adanal Females tails filiform,
clavate, or elongate conoid.
Tylenchus spp.
Dolichodoridae
Oesophageal glands enclosed in a basal bulb
Head with massive sclerotization
Stylet long and well developed
Ovaries 2, bursa large, terminal trilobed
Dolichodorus spp.
Tylenchorhynchidae
Oesophageal glands enclosed in a basal bulb. Head without or with light-to- moderate sclerotization Stylet weakly to moderately developed Ovaries 1 or 2, Vulva always median Bursa adanal or enveloping tail but
not trilobed Female tail cylindrical, conoid, with
rounded swollen, or acute terminus
Tylenchorhynchus spp.
Pratylenchidae Oesophgeal glands over
lapping anterior end of intestime
Female head low, broad at its base rounded or flattened anteriorly
Pratylenchus spp.
Hoplolaimidae
Oesophgeal glands lobbed over lapping anterior end of intestine.
Female head high or elevated.
Female tail not more than 2 anal body width in length
Phasmids small, pore like or large (scutellae) and variable in position.
Hoplolaimus spp.
Belonolaimidae
Oesophgeal glands lobbed over lapping anterior end of intestine.
Female head high or elevated.
Female tail at least 2 anal body width in length
Plasmids always small pore like and located on tail.
FAMILY TYLENCHIDAE
SUB-FAMILY
• Dactylotylenchinae: Dactylotylenchus• Tylodorinae: Tylodorus• Psilenchinae: Psilenchus• Schynotylenchinae: Schynotylenchus• Anguininae: Anguina• Tylenchinae: Tylenchus• Ditylenchinae: Ditylenchus
GENUS
FAMILY TYLENCHORHYNCHIDAE
SUB-FAMILY GENUS
TYLENCHORHYNCHINAE: TYLENCHORHYNCHUS
TROPHURINAE: TROPHURUS
FA MILY DOLICHODORIDAE
SUB-FAMILY GENUS
DOLICHODORINAE: DOLICHODORUS
FAMILY BELONOLAIMIDAE
SUB-FAMILY GENUS
BELONOLAIMINAE: BELONOLAIMUSTELOTYLENCHINAE: TELOTYLENCHUS
FAMILY PRATYLENCHIDAE
• SUB-FAMILY GENUS
• PRATYLENCHINAE: PRATYLENCHUS• RADOPHOLINAE: RADOPHOLUS
FAMILY HOPLOLAIMIDAE
• SUB-FAMILY GENUS
• HOPLOLAIMINAE: HOPLOLAIMUS
ROTYLENCHINAE: : ROTYLENCHUS HELICOTYLENCHUS
• ROTYLENCHOIDINAE: ROTYLENCHOIDES• APHASMATYLENCHINAE: APHASMATYLENCHUS