basics of maglev

MAGLEV TRANSPORTATION

A REVOLUTION IN THE TRANSPORTATION MODE……..

WHAT IS MAGLAV?

BASIC PRINCIPLE

MOVING CHARGE AND MAGNETIC FIELD

MAGNETIC FORCE DEPENDS ON…

• LENGTH OF WIRE• CURRENT• STRENGTH OF MAGNETIC FIELD

CURRENT AND MAGNETIC FORCE

Direction of the force is perpendicular to current direction and magnetic field. The repulsion or attraction between two parallel wires is of particular importance to magnetic levitation. If the currents flow in the same direction (as shown), the wires attract. If the current flow in opposite directions, the wire repels.

MAGLEV TRANSPORTATION

LEVITATION AND PROPULSION

1) Levitation by attraction

2) Propulsion by repulsion

LEVITATION BY ATTRACTION

In order for the train float,thereMust be two coils.The top coil isinstalled in the train and the bottomcoil is placed in the track .Attractionis caused by having the currentswithin each of the circuits , travelingin the same direction

PROPULSION BY REPULSION

Similar poles of a magnet repeleach other . In order for the train to float , there must be two coils.The top coil is placed within the train and the bottom coil is placedon the track . The current in the top circuit travels in the opposite direction of the current in the bottom , resulting in the repulsion between two coils.

FLOATING ON COURSE

Drift between the rail and levitation magnets caused by wind or when the train rounds a curve

The gap widens between the train and the track because of a shortage of magnetic force.

The enhanced current input into the levitation magnets increases the magnetic force.

PROPAGATION VELOCITY

The forward speed for LSM or LIM is determined by propagation velocity of electromagnetic field. In co-axial cable the velocity of electromagnetic wave is hardly 65%. This is due to inductance down the length of wire and capacitive coupling of surface of wire with free space . Thus electromagnetic wave takes more time to travel in co-axial cable than in free space.

The magnetic field of bogie magnets are static , thus the propagation velocity along the bogie is zero. The equations for the bogie velocity are as follows:-Vb = V2 - V1V1 = propagation velocity of guide rail drive coilV2 = propagation velocity of bogie magnetic fieldVb = bogie velocity

CONDITIONS…

• If V2 = 0 then Vb = V1• If V1 = V2 then Vb = 0• If V2 = - V1 then Vb = 2V1

SPEED CONTROLThe speed of MAGLEV depends on the propagation velocity of electromagnetic coil excitation .• For LSM :Bogie moves at the

propagation speed• For LIM : Bogie will have a certain slipSpeed control can be done by :1.Adjusting capacitance2.Having switch system3.Succession of excitation coil

APPLICATIONS OF MAGLAV PROPAGATION

• Launch Vehicle • MERRI• Inter-city trucks• Mach-3

LAUNCH VEHICLE

This research in magnetic levitation could give launch vehicle a running start to break free from earth's gravity the maglev can accelerate the vehicle to a speed of about 600 mph then it can be switched over to rocket engines separate from maglev carrier an propel itself into space this would result in dramatically reduction in cost of getting to space as carrier and electric power used for maglev are inexp- ensive and stay on ground while rocket fuels which add to weight of launch vehicle L.S.M. is used it can carry a pay load three times more and eliminates the first stage of launching .

MERRI

Maglev emplacement on rail road infrastructure :it allows maglev vehicles to use trackage without interfering with ,or requiring reconstruction of existing packageThin panels containing the MERRI guide way loops are attached to the ends of the existing wooden railroad ties. The MERRI panels interact with the magnets on the maglev vehicles, levitating it as it moves along the track. The panels are located so that they do not interfere with the rails or the operation of conventional railroad locomotives and rail cards. Accordingly, the MERRI system could even be put into place on trackage that was still in operation, but only infrequently.

INTER CITY TRUCK

Using the M-2000 National Maglev Network, a trucking company would pick up a loaded trailer at its origin and drive it a few miles to the nearest maglev station. There it would be loaded into a maglev vehicle, to travel hundreds or thousands of miles to the maglev station closest to its destination, where a tractor would pickup the trailer and drive it a few miles to its delivery point.

MACH-3

If the Maglev vehicles operate in a low-pressure tunnel, however, air drag is effectively zero and no longer a factor, so that vehicles can travel at speeds of thousands of miles per hour. There still is a small magnetic drag due to power losses in the normal metal loops on the guide way, but this does not impose any practical limit. The magnetic drag power, in fact, is constant with speed while the magnetic drag force decreases as (1/velocity).

ADVANTAGESENERGY CONSUMPTION: MAGLEV uses 30% less energy than high speed trainSPEED ICE Train MAGLEV Train

200km/hr 32Wh/km 32Wh/km

250km/hr 44Wh/km 37Wh/km

300km/hr 71Wh/km 47Wh/km

400km/hr - 71Wh/km

OPERATION COST

• Virtually no wear and tear.

• Specific energy consumption is less.

• Faster train turn around time means fewer vehicles

NOISE LEVELS:• No noise by wheel rolling or engine.

VIBRATIONS:• Just below human threshold of perception

POWER SUPPLY:• 110KV lines fed separately via two

substations

POWER FAILURE:• Batteries on board automatically

activated

FIRE RESISTANCES:• Latest non-PVC material used

that is non-combustible• Carries no fuel.

SAFETY:• Collisions are impossible

because only section of tracks are activated as needed.

BySriram Suravarapu

Adarsh Nadella

THANK YOU…