barcamp singapore 5 - smart green buildlings

SMART GREEN BUILDINGS

CLAYTON MILLER

What is a “Green” building?How do buildings use energy?What is a “Smart” building and

how can that save energy?

For me: “Green Building”= Highest Performance+Lowest Resource Consumptionand EnvironmentalImpact

ThermalSpatialVisual

AcousticIndoor Air QualityBuilding Integrity

EnergyWater

Natural ResourcesPollution

Green House GasesMoney

World Energy

Source: http://www.eia.doe.gov

World Energy Outlook 2009 Report

“End-Use efficiency is the largest contributor to CO2 emissions abatement in 2030, accounting for more than half of the total savings in the 450 Scenario, compared with the reference scenario”

Source: www.worldenergyoutlook.org/docs/weo2009/WEO2009_es_english.pdf

Building Energy Conservation as a Solution

Building Energy Impact - USA

Source: DOE Steven Chu’s Facebook Note: http://www.facebook.com/stevenchuhttp://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=138532906856&ref=mf

Main Energy Use In Commercial Buildings

Water Heating/Cooking/Refrigeration13%

Lighting 26%

Climate Control 34%

Everything Else 27%

Source: DOE Secretery of Energy Stephen Chu Facebook Post and Building Energy Data Book

Building Energy Impact - DISCLAIMER

Building Energy Consumption IS HIGHLY dependent on many factors:• Climate• Localized Weather

Effects• Shading• HVAC System Type• Schedule

• Occupancy Fluctuations

• Building Envelope• Occupant Activity

Level• Space Use• Etc.

Southeast Asia Challenges – ClimateHEAT and HUMIDITY!!

Image Source: Southeast Asia countries, not only ASEAN , 10 October 2009, Derived from image:Location Malaysia ASEAN.svg by ASDFGHJhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Location_Southeast_Asia.svg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ClimateSingaporeSingapore.png

Building Energy Impact - Singapore

Source: Premas, Freddie Tan PhD – Towards Low Energy Office Buildings in Singaporewww.ctbp.bdg.nus.edu.sg/Low-energy%20buildings.pdf

New A/C Design TechnologiesNew types of Air Conditioning systems which

are more appropriate for humid climates!• Single Coil, Twin Fan Air Conditioning

System• Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems• Desiccant Heat Dehumidification

Technologies• Natural Ventilation

Southeast Asia Challenges – Future Growth

According to 2009 World Energy Outlook:• Energy Infrastructure - $1.1 Trillion needs

to be invested by 2030• ASEAN Primary Energy Demand

forecasted to increase 76% between 2007 and 2030

• Annual growth rate of 2.5%Source: 2009 World Energy Outlook, International Energy Agency http://www.iea.org/www.worldenergyoutlook.org/docs/weo2009/WEO2009_es_english.pdf

Southeast Asia Opportunities – Future Growth

The opportunity exists to grow in the RIGHT way using Building Energy Benchmark systems and Performance Requirements using CLIMATE specific technologies

Building Industry’s BIGGEST CHALLENGE = Performance Gap

Marketed/Designed vs. Actual Performance: “Do LEED-certified buildings save energy? Yes, but…”–On average, LEED buildings use 18–39% less

energy per floor area than their conventional counterparts.–However, 28–35% of LEED buildings use more

energy than their conventional counterparts.

Source: Do LEED-certified buildings save energy? Yes, but...; Newsham, G.R.; Mancini, S.; Birt, B. – Canadian Institute of Research in Construction www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/obj/irc/doc/pubs/nrcc51142.pdf

Performance Gap Solutions

Rated Buildings are mandated to maintain a performance requirement through monitoring

Buildings can detect, diagnose, and possibly “self-heal” system faults

Occupants are given the opportunity to control, monitor, and be educated about their indoor environment!

“Smart” Buildings• Interoperability of building

information systems• Optimization of system set points

using energy simulation• Demand Response Technologies and

“smart grid” integration• Real Time Occupant Feedback

Building Systems Communications

Source: Richards Zeta/Cisco

Building Systems Communications

Source: Richards Zeta/Cisco

Building Systems Communications

Source: Richards Zeta/Cisco

DATA!!

Source: Richards Zeta/Cisco

Building Energy Simulation

Source: EnergyPlus, DOE

System Optimization

Source: Dan Karnes MS Thesis

Demand Control Strategies

Source: Energy

SUPPLY – Smart Grid DEMAND – Smart Building

“Smart Grid”

Automated Fault Detection and Diagnostics

Proactive vs. Reactive Maintenance

Real Time Occupant Feedback

miller.clayton@gmail.comwww.buildopt.com