barath baburao presentation
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1
CO2 Capture Technology
RECS - Birmingham, AL, 13th June 2011
Barath Baburao CCS R & D, Alstom Power, Knoxville
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
02468101214161820
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
CO2 reduction options from Power generation
CCS required just to stabilize emissions by 2030 Source: IEA WEO 2009
Electricity-related CO2 emissions
GT CO2
Efficiency improvement
CCS
Reference scenario
Demand reduction
Renewables Nuclear
450 ppm / +2°C max Needed path:Scientific community Target
Supply-side options
CCS an important mitigation solution 1.4GT CO2 avoided through CCS in 2030
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© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Addressing the Climate Change Challenge - PJ - 02 Sep 2010 - P 2
Life Cycle
Management
Introduction to Alstom Power: Technologies adapted to all energy sources
Gas Hydro
Geothermal Solar Biomass
Oil
Coal Nuclear
(Conv. Island)
Wind
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
• CCS-Ready
• Conclusion and Discussion
• CO2 capture technology
Agenda
• Continuous Evolution in Cleaner Fossil Power
3
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Alstom’s 3 Pillar Strategy to stabilize CO2 emissions
Stabilising Power Emissions is possible …… With solutions that are available today
1. Balanced Portfolio
• Balancing the generation portfolio by significantly increasing the share of CO2 free technology
2. Production Efficiency and Energy Management (Smart
Power)
• Efficiency is a key to emissions reduction
3. Carbon Capture and Storage
• With 60% of the installed base in 2030 being fossil fuels, CCS is a must
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
• CCS-Ready
• Conclusion and Discussion
• CO2 capture technology
Agenda
• Continuous Evolution in Cleaner Fossil Power
4
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
CCS Technologies developed by Alstom
CO2 capture technologies pursued by Alstom
Post-combustion Oxy-combustion (New + retrofit) (New + retrofit)
• Chilled Ammonia
• Advanced Amines
• Oxy combustion with Air Separation Unit
• Chemical Looping Combustion
CCS Technology must be applied to both new and existing units
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Total Lacq France - 30 MWth
Oxy - Gas
Vattenfall Schwarze Pumpe Germany - 30 MWth
Oxy - Lignite
Vattenfall Jänschwalde Germany - 250 MWe
Oxy - Lignite
Dow Chemical Co. USA, West Virginia
Advanced Amines - Coal
AEP Mountaineer USA - 58 MWth
Chilled Ammonia - Coal
Under Construction
TCM Mongstad Norway - 40 MWth
Chilled Ammonia - Gas
Transalta Canada - >200 MWe
Post - Coal
Alstom BSF Windsor US - 15 MWth Oxy - Coals
Getica - CET Turceni Romania – >250MWe
Chilled Ammonia - Lignite Selected by Alberta and Federal Canadian funding
Selected by US DOE to receive CCPI Round 3 funding
EDF – Le Havre France – 5 MWth Adv.
Amines - Coal
PGE Belchatow Poland – 260 MWe Adv.
Amines - Lignite
Pre-commercial Projects
AEP Mountaineer USA – 235MWe
Chilled Ammonia - Coal
RFCS EU - Darmstad Germany – 1 MWth
Chemical looping - Coal
DOE/Alstom Windsor US – 3 MWth
Chemical looping - Coal
Drax - Selby UK - 426 MWe
Oxy – Hard Coal 2 Gen
NER300
Operating 2 Gen
NER300
NER300
NER300
Selected for receiving EEPR funding NER300 Applied for
funding
Alstom activity on demonstrations 1st and 2nd Generation CCS
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© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Advanced Amine Process (AAP)
A promising evolution!
• Proven in natural gas & syngas purification • Carbon capture from flue gas is a new application with new challenges • More efficient capture of CO2
• Higher tolerance against oxygen & trace contaminants • Lower solvent degradation rates
Key features AAP
Principle • Flue gas treated with aqueous amine solution, which reacts with CO2
• Raising temperature reverses the above step – releasing CO2 and recycling the solution for re-use
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Advanced Amine CO2 Capture
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© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Moving forward to scale-up the technology
Pilot Commercial Industrial / Validation Large-scale demonstration
Univ. of Texas
2007 2009 2011
Advanced Amine Process Development Alstom Roadmap
Dow Chemical Co. USA - 2MWth, Coal
EdF Le Havre France - 5 MWth, Coal
PGE Belchatow Poland - 260 MWe, Lignite
Selected for receiving EEPR funding
Complete
Coming
In operation
In construction
2014-2015
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Charleston - field pilot - USA WV - Dow
• Designed to capture 1,800 t CO2/year
• Installation on commercially operating coal-fired boiler
• Project schedule
- Commissioning in August 09
- Testing started in September 09
- Conversion to advanced configuration in early 2010 to test proprietary process flow scheme jointly developed by Dow and Alstom
• Testing continues in 2011 Advanced Amine Field Pilot Charleston, West Virginia
Advanced Amine Process Field Pilot - Charleston
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© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
C2A2 - field pilot - Le Havre - France
• Designed to capture 25 tCO2/ day
• Advanced flow scheme & operation validation
• Flue gas: slipstream from 600 MWe coal plant (EDF host facility)
• Project partners: EDF and Alstom. Alstom has a partnership with Dow
• Project schedule
- Overall 2010-2013 program
- Test from Q2 12 to Q1 13 (one year)
• No storage
• French funding by ADEME
EDF 600 MWe coal power plant (field pilot represented in
orange)
Advanced Amine Process: Field Pilot - Le Havre
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Principle • Cooled flue gas is treated with
ammonium carbonate in solution, which reacts with CO2 to form ammonium bicarbonate
• Raising the temperatures reverses the above reactions – releasing pressurized CO2
Chilled Ammonia Process (CAP)
Advantages • Energy-efficient capture of CO2 • High CO2 purity • Tolerant to oxygen and flue gas impurities • Stable reagent, no degradation possible,
no emission of trace contaminants • Low-cost, globally available reagent
Source: Alstom
A new technology with high potential !
Source: Alstom
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© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Tests successful
Roadmap to commercialization
Test Rigs Validation Pilots
Commercial by 2015
Industrial Pilots
Large-scale demonstration
Alstom Vaxjö Sweden 0.25 MWth
We Energies Pleasant Prairie USA - 5 MWth, Coal
EoN Karlshamn Sweden - 5 MWth, Oil
AEP Mountaineer USA - 58 MWth, Coal
TCM Mongstad Norway - 40 MWth, Gas
AEP Mountaineer US - >200 MWe, Coal
Turceni Feasability Romania - >200 MWe, Lignite
2015 2006 2008 2009
Selected by US DOE to receive CCPI Round 3 funding
Tests completed Targeted In operation Under construction
Chilled Ammonia Process Development Technology scale-up road map
New
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Mountaineer - Validation pilot - USA WV - AEP
• Designed to capture & store 100,000 tCO2/year
• Captured CO2 sequestered into two wells on the plant property
• Commenced engineering and permitting Oct 07
• First CO2 captured in Sept 2009, injection started October 1, 2009
• AEP and Alstom working to develop commercial scale project (CSP) to capture 1.5 MTPY at Mountaineer facility
• Plant availability raised to 85/90% since early Jan 2011
• CO2 captured and injected near design values
Alstom’s Chilled Ammonia Process at AEP’s Mountaineer Plant
Chilled Ammonia Process: Validation pilot - Mountaineer
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© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Oxy-Combustion Process
A sound technological option
Principle • Fuel is burned in a mixture of oxygen and re-circulated flue-gas. Due to absence of
Nitrogen, resulting flue gas is enriched in CO2 • After water condensing and purification, CO2 compressed and sent for storage or
re-use. Advantages • Reliability: main components exist, only
adaptation to power gen and scale-up • All types of boilers / firing systems
adaptable to oxy to cover complete fuel range
• Rapid scale-up to large size (1,000 MWe range) possible after large demos.
• Retrofit in Oxy can be addressed • High efficiency and competitiveness of
supercritical/ultra-supercritical cycles and large unit size will be key benefits
• Large panel of entities involved in development, contributing to reaching solid consensus.
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Moving forward to scale-up the technology
Lab Scale Commercial Pilots Large-scale demonstration
2014-2015 2004 2009
Oxy-Combustion Process Development Alstom Roadmap
Selected for receiving EEPR funding Tests completed Coming In operation In construction
Up to 500 kWth Germany (U. Stuttgart, U. Cottbus, U. Hamburg-Harburg, U. Dresden)
Alstom Boiler Simulation Facility USA - 15 MWth, TF- Coals
2008
300 – 600 MWth Oxyfuel Coal e.g. Alstom‘s Feasibility Study for Vattenfall Jänschwalde
Vattenfall Schwarze Pumpe Germany - 30 MWth, Lignite & Bit. Coal
Total Lacq France - 30 MWth, Natural Gas
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© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Objective • Investigation and Demonstration of the complete
technology path for CO2 separation in pilot scale as basis for realisation of a demonstration plant
Alstom-Scope • Technology Partnership with Vattenfall to advance
the Oxyfuel-Technology Status of Operations • Start of operation in September 2008 • Total operation hours 6,400 hours (2,500h air,
4,000h oxyfuel) • Captured CO2 ~3,200 tons • Test phases with Alstom Burners (Design A+B) and
lignite finished Next Steps • Re-install burners • Tests with pre-dried lignite Dec 2010-Apr 2011
Oxy-Combustion Process Vattenfall Schwarze Pumpe Pilot Plant
• UPDATE
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Chemical Looping Process Next Generation Capture Technology
A Promising Breakthrough Technology
Principle
• Solid oxygen carrier circulates between Air Reactor and Fuel Reactor: Carrier picks up O2 in Air Reactor, leaves N2 behind and burns the fuel in the Fuel Reactor
• Oxygen Carriers can be metal oxide or limestone-based. Alstom is developing both types Advantages • Avoids large costs and
parasitic power of ASU • Captures CO2 at
temperatures higher than power cycle temperatures, eliminating thermodynamic penalty associated with CO2 capture
• Uses conventional material of construction and fabrication techniques
• Largely based on proven CFB technology
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© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
• CCS-Ready
• Conclusion and Discussion
• CO2 capture technology
Agenda
• Continuous Evolution in Cleaner Fossil Power
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
What is CCS Readiness?
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© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
• CCS-Ready
• Conclusion and Discussion
• CO2 capture technology
Agenda
• Continuous Evolution in Cleaner Fossil Power
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Conclusions
• A portfolio approach is needed: Renewables, Nuclear, Efficiency and CCS.
• Retrofitable CCS technologies are a must to have: Post and Oxy-combustion
• Alstom is currently developing CO2 capture technologies and is on the good path to go commercial by 2015. A dedicated business unit has been created to support this effort.
• CCS-Ready: Alstom has both expertise and partnership to support on the entire CCS chain
• Clear a stable business framework and regulations are needed for CCS to play its role along all other forms of decarbonised energy sources.
Alstom will be a key partner on the CCS value chain
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© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
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