access foundation bible atlas

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Access Foundation

AtlasZaine Ridling, Ph.D

Editor

PDF version by: The eBible Study Library

AtlasAccess Foundation

Zaine Ridling, Ph.D

Editor

Introduction

Almost every reader of the Bible will realize that the Scriptures, from Genesis to Revelation, contain

extensive historical materials and innumerable allusions to the geographical background of that history.

The geographical references range eastward to the Tigris and Euphrates and beyond to Media, Elam, and

Parthia – from which came some of those present at Pentecost – and even to India. Including Asia

Minor, Egypt, Ethiopia, and Arabia, they reach westward beyond Greece and Rome as far as Spain,

which Paul visited or hoped to visit, and where we are probably to find Tarshish, towards which Jonah

started his fateful voyage. Between these limits, the Holy Land itself, under its various names – Canaan,

the land of Israel, or Palestine – with its immediate neighbors, is at the center of the picture throughout.It is not surprising, therefore, that an Atlas should be of great help to every reader of the Bible and

particularly every student; but it must be a historical atlas, not only showing, by maps at the most

convenient scales, the physical geography of the area concerned and of particular parts of it, but also, by

successive maps of the same area, showing the historical changes which came about through the rise and

fall of empires, the changes in geographical names, the appearance of new cities and villages and the

disappearance of others, and similar historical developments. Moreover, it cannot be based on the Bible

alone, but must make full use of modern archaeological knowledge which both illuminates andsupplements the Bible text. Thus, there is mention in the Bible of Ur and Babylon in Mesopotamia,

Hazor, Megiddo and Beth-shan in northern Palestine, Lachish, and Debir in Judah, and many other

places about which little, perhaps not even their exact locations, would be known were it not for

archaeological data. Further, there are places very important historically, which do not happen to be

mentioned in the Bible, but which must be shown on the maps of the region and taken into account by

the student as part of the total historical and geographical background. Thus, there will be found in this

Atlas such places as Mari on the Euphrates, Akhetaton (Tell el-'Amarna) in Egypt, Ugarit in Syria,

Hattusa in Asia Minor, Serabit el-Khadim in Sinai, which are unfamiliar to most Bible readers but are

nonetheless important. There are, too, names of whole peoples, such as the Hurrians in Mitanni, the

Sumerians in the Tigris-Euphrates valley, or the Hittites, with their capital at Hattusa, which can be

placed on the map as a result of archaeological evidence. Few and obscure allusions to the Hittites in the

Bible would give very little idea of their real importance. Such peoples as the Hittites are on the fringe

of the Bible story but in a Bible atlas they must be shown as part of the total background. Nevertheless,

in all the maps of this Atlas, the Bible is central, and their purpose is to throw light on it and relate it to

its historical and geographical setting.Because in many cases a map alone would not do this for the ordinary reader, it is recommended that

the New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha: New Revised Standard Version. Ed. Michael D.

Coogan. 3rd ed. (New York: Oxford University Press), be used in conjunction with this electronic atlas.

The progress of knowledge about the geographical and material background of the Bible – not only

the empires, cities, and villages but the daily life and everyday objects of biblical times – has been

phenomenal, particularly in this century, and this has been primarily, if not entirely, due to continuedarchaeological research. The overall plan of the maps is set out in the Chapter Outline: if this plan is

studied briefly and borne in mind, the use of the maps themselves will be greatly assisted.

Zaine Ridling,

Ph.D. Access Foundation

Chapter outline

Part One

The Biblical SettingChapter 1 The Face of the Ancient Near East

Chapter 2 Natural Regions of Palestine

Chapter 3 Life in Ancient Palestine

Part Two

The Hebrew Bible PeriodChapter 4 Before Abraham

Chapter 5 The World of the Patriarchs

Chapter 6 The Egyptian Experience

Chapter 7 The Exodus

Chapter 8 Conquest and SettlementChapter 9 The Kingdom of David and Solomon

Chapter 10 The Kingdoms of Judah and Israel

Chapter 11 Judah Alone amid International Powers

Chapter 12 The Babylonian Exile

Chapter 13 The Persian Period

Chapter 14 The Hellenistic Period

Part Three

The New Testament EraChapter 15 Rome's Emergence as a World Power

Chapter 16 The Romans, Palestine, and Herod the Great

Chapter 17 The World of Jesus

Chapter 18 The Life and Ministry of Jesus

Chapter 19 Early Expansion of the ChurchChapter 20 The First Jewish Revolt

Chapter 21 The Early Christian Church

Part One: The Biblical Setting

Chapter 1 The Face of the Ancient Near East

Chapter 2 Natural Regions of Palestine

Chapter 3 Life in Ancient Palestine

Chapter 1

The Face of the Ancient Near East

Map 001: The Ancient Near East

Map 002: Modern States and the Ancient Near East

Map 003: Mesopotamia: Homeland of Abraham

Map 004: Egypt: Land of Bondage

Map 005: Syria and LebanonMap 006: International Routes, The King's Highway

Chapter 2

Natural Regions of PalestineMap 007 National Regions of Ancient Palestine

Map 008 Cross Sectional Views of Longitudinal Zones

Map 009 Northern Coastal Plains

Map 010 Plain of Dor, Plain of Sharon, Samaria, et al.

Map 011 Philistine Plain, Shephelah, Judah, and the Dead Sea

Map 012 Arabah, Negeb, Wildernesses of Zin and ParanMap 013 Modern Political Divisions of Ancient Palestine

Chapter 3

Life in Ancient Palestine

Map 014 Climate Patterns of Ancient Palestine

Part Two: The Hebrew Bible Period

Chapter 4 Before Abraham

Chapter 5 The World of the Patriarchs

Chapter 6 The Egyptian ExperienceChapter 7 The Exodus

Chapter 8 Conquest and Settlement

Chapter 9 The Kingdom of David and Solomon

Chapter 10 The Kingdoms of Judah and Israel

Chapter 11 Judah Alone amid International Powers

Chapter 12 The Babylonian Exile

Chapter 13 The Persian Period

Chapter 14 The Hellenistic Period

Chapter 4

Before Abraham

Map 015 Selected Neolithic and Chalcolithic Settlements

Map 016 The Table of NationsMap 017 Ancient Near East in the 3rd Millennium

Chapter 5

The World of the Patriarchs

Map 018 Ancient Near East in the Time of the Patriarchs

Map 019 Palestine in the Middle Bronze Age

Map 020 The Migration of AbrahamMap 021 Abraham in Canaan

Map 022 Travels of Jacob

Map 023 The Journeys of Joseph

Chapter 6

The Egyptian Experience

Map 024 Expulsion of the Hyksos

Map 025 Egypt and Palestine in the Late Bronze Age

Map 026 Campaigns of Thutmose III and Amenhotep IIMap 027 Canaan in the 14th Century: The T.E.A. Tablets

Map 028 The Egyptian Empire and the Hittites

Map 029 The Route of the Exodus

Chapter 7

The Exodus

Map 030 Events during the Sojourn at Kadesh-Barnea

Map 031 Journey of the Spies

Map 032 The Journey from Kadesh-Barnea to the Plains of Moab

Chapter 8

Conquest and Settlement

Map 033 Ancient Near East from 1200-1000 BC

Map 034 The Sea Peoples

Map 035 The Levant from 1200-1000 BCEMap 036 Joshua's Central and Southern Campaigns

Map 037 Joshua's Northern Campaign

Map 038 The Limits of Israelite Settlement

Map 039 The Tribal Allotments of Israel

Map 040 Levitical Cities and Cities of Refuge (1)

Map 041 The Judges of Israel

Map 042 Ehud and the Oppression of the MoabitesMap 043 Deborah's Victory over the Canaanites

Map 044 Gideon's Battles with the Amalekites

Map 045 Jephthah and the Ammonites

Map 046 Samson the the Philistines

Map 047 The Battle at Ebenezer and the Loss of the Ark

Map 048 The Ministry of Samuel and Anointment of SaulMap 049 The Kingdom of Saul and His Wars

Map 050 David's Flight from Saul

Chapter 9

The Kingdom of David and Solomon

Map 051 David's Rise to Power

Map 052 David's Wars of Conquest

Map 053 Israel's United Kingdom

Map 054 Solomon's Economic EnterprisesMap 055 Solomon's Building Activities

Map 056 Jerusalem in the Time of David and Solomon

Chapter 10

The Kingdoms of Judah and Israel

Map 057 The Kingdoms of Israel and Judah_01

Map 058 The Campaign of Shishak Map 059 Conflicts between Israel and Aram-Damascus

Map 060 The Omride Dynasty

Map 061 Phoenician Trade and Civilization

Map 062 Elijah and Elisha

Map 063 The Revolt of Jehu

Map 064 The Rise of AssyriaMap 065 Israel & Judah in the days of Jeroboam II and Uzziah

Map 066 The Assyrian Empire under Tiglath-Pileser III

Map 067 The Syro-Ephraimite War

Map 068 Tiglath-Pileser III's Campaigns

Map 069 Fall of Samaria and Deportation of Israelites

Map 070 Assyrian Districts after the Fall of SamariaMap 071 Prophets of the 8th Century BCE

Chapter 11

Judah Alone amid International Powers

Map 072 Hezekiah's Preparation for Revolt

Map 073 Hezekiah's Jerusalem

Map 074 Sennacherib's Campaign against Judah

Map 075 Assyria in the 7th century BCEMap 076 The Rise of the Neo-Babylonian Empire

Map 077 The Reign of Josiah

Map 078 Nebuchadnezzar's Campaigns against Judah

Chapter 12

The Babylonian Exile

Map 079 Judah during the Exile

Map 080 Jewish Exiles in Babylon

Map 081 Jewish Refugees in Egypt

Chapter 13

The Persian Period

Map 082 World Powers of the 6th century BCE

Map 083 The Conquests of Cyrus the Great

Map 084 The Persian EmpireMap 085 The Return of the Jewish Exiles to Judah

Map 086 Judah in the 5th century BCE

Chapter 14

The Hellenistic Period

Map 087 Alexander the Great's Empire

Map 088 The Division of Alexander's Empire ca. 275 BCE

Map 089 Palestine under the Ptolemies

Map 090 The Seleucid Empire and Antiochus III

Map 091 Campaigns of Antiochus IV against EgyptMap 092 Selected Events in the Maccabean Revolt

Map 093 Jewish Expansion under the Hasmonean Dynasty

Map 094 Pompey's Campaign against Jerusalem

Part Three : The New Testament Era

Chapter 15 Rome's Emergence as a World Power

Chapter 16 The Romans, Palestine, and Herod the Great

Chapter 17 The World of Jesus

Chapter 18 The Life and Ministry of Jesus

Chapter 19 Early Expansion of the Church

Chapter 20 The First Jewish Revolt

Chapter 21 The Early Christian Church

Chapter 15

Rome's Emergence as a World Power

Map 095 Early Rome

Map 096 Roman Expansion in the 3rd & 2nd centuries BCE

Map 097 Civil Wars amidst Roman Expansion in 1st century BCE

Map 098 Roman Empire in the Age of Augustus

Chapter 16

The Romans, Palestine, and Herod the Great

Map 099 Roman Rule in Palestine 63-40 BCE

Map 100 The Kingdom of Herod the Great

Map 101 Herod's Building Program

Chapter 17

The World of Jesus

Map 102 The Division of Herod's Kingdom

Map 103 Palestine in the Time of Jesus_01

Map 104 Qumran and the Dead Sea Scrolls

Ch t 18

Chapter 18

The Life and Ministry of Jesus

Map 105 Jesus' Birth and Early Childhood

Map 106 John the Baptist

Map 107 Galilee in the Time of Jesus

Map 108 The Ministry of Jesus around the Sea of Galilee

Map 109 The Ministry of Jesus beyond Galilee

Map 110 Jesus' Journeys from Galilee to JudeaMap 111 Jesus in Judea and Jerusalem

Map 112 Jerusalem in the New Testament Period

Map 113 The Passion Week in Jerusalem

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/access-foundation-bible-atlas 139/161Chapter 19

Early Expansion of the Church

Map 114 The Kingdom of Herod Agrippa I

Map 115 The Kingdom of Agrippa II

Map 116 Pentecost and the Jewish Diaspora

Map 117 Expansion of the Early Church in Palestine

Map 118 Paul's Conversion and Early Ministry

Map 119 The First Missionary Journey of Paul

Map 120 The Second Missionary Journey of Paul

Map 121 The Third Missionary Journey of Paul

Map 122 Paul's Arrest and Imprisonment

Map 123 Paul's Voyage to Rome

Chapter 20

The First Jewish Revolt

Map 124 Distribution of Roman Legions under Tiberius

Map 125 The First Jewish Revolt

Map 126 Titus's Campaigns

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/access-foundation-bible-atlas 154/161Chapter 21

The Early Christian Church

Map 127 Churches of the Revelation

Map 128 The Roman Empire ca. 117 CE

Map 129 Palestine from 73-135 CE

Map 130 The Bar Kokhba Revolt, 132-135 CE

Map 131 Hadrian's JerusalemMap 132 Christian Expansion in the 2nd & 3rd Century

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