a check-listofdesigns for stained glass by ford madox · st. philip, on the other hand, is one of...
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A check-list of designs forstained glass by Ford MadoxBrown
by A. C. Sewter
IN spite of thefactthat Ford Madox Brown is of course recognisedas one of the most important arusts of the Pre-Raphaelite movement, and although he is known to have been among the majorcontributors of designs for stained glass to the Morris finn, noproper list of the windows designed by him has ever been compiled.The standard biography of him by Ford Madox Hueffer, publishedin 1896, did indeed include, as 'Appendix C, a series of extractsfrom Madox Brown's account-book with the finn of Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co., for whom all but one of his stained glassdesigns were made; but most of the entries give no indication ofthe places for which the windows were destined, and a numberof entries in fact refer to designs for tiles and not for stained glass.Hueffer himself realised that the list was incomplete, and mentioned in a footnote four cartoons then in his own possession,which he had not found entries for in the account-book, thoughone of them is in fact included. Eliminating the designs whichare not connected with glass, Hueffer's list totals 106 items; buthis estimate of the number of cartoons for glass designed byMadox Brown was about 150. This figure is, I think, too high.My own researches reveal a total of 123 designs. Of these, six remain unidentified - that is to say, I do not know the whereaboutsof any windows made from them.
When the Morris finn was founded in 1861, Madox Brown,although already a mature arust of forty years of age, was relativelyinexperienced in the art of designing for stained glass. He had,prior to that date, only produced the single design of 'The T ransfiguration' for Messrs. Powell & Sons, in 1857. It is not altogethersurprising, therefore, that one or two of his earliest cartoons, such
19
as the 'Gideon' for Scarborough and the 'Archangels Michaeland Uriel' for Brighton, show little sign of his real artistic personality. He gave very careful thought to the special demandsof the medium, however, and came to the conclusion that whatwas required above all, was 'invention, expression and gooddramatic action'. These are undoubtedly the keynotes of his ownmost characteristic designs, together with a fondness for realisticdetails. That Brown's special gifts for heightened emotional expression were rccognised by Morris is attested by his assigning tohim such subjccts as 'Christ carrying the Cross', 'The Entombment', 'The Scourging at the Pillar', and 'The Agony in theGarden'. Occasionally, however, Brown's fondness for the dramatic carried him to an excess which made his figures tend to lookfrenzied, as with the Isoude in 'The Death of Sir Tristram' and'Christ's Charge to Se. Peter' making them difficult to combinewith designs by Burne-Jones in large windows such as that atTroutbeck in Cumberland. The most successful examples of suchwindows, combining designs by Madox Brown with others byBurne-Jones, are to be found at Meole Brace, Shropshire. AtJesus College Chapel, Cambridge, Morris avoided mixing smallpanels by his two collaborators; and in thc chancel east windowat Haltwhistlc, orthumberland, Madox Brown's small scenes of'Abraham's Sacrifice', 'The Worship of the Brazen Serpent', and'Christ carrying the Cross', are separated with great advantagefrom Burnc-Jones's large figures of 'Christ on thc Cross' and'The Virgin and St. John', by panels of round glass.
From 1863, when he designed the series of patriarchs and saintsfor the east window at Bradford Parish Church (now split intothrce windows in the Lady Chapel of the Cathedral), MadoxBrown's distinctive personality is no less apparent in his singlefigure cartoons than in his small scenes. The Abraham, Isaac, andSt. John Evangelist, all have a certain intensity which is quitedifferent from the figures of Burne-Jones or Rossetti. Even moretypical are the two little bare-legged hoys, the young Isaac clinging to his father's belt, and the boy John wrapped in the protecting arms of his mother Elizabeth. Already, too, one maynotice Madox Brown's odd predilection for slightly eccentriccostumes, espccially in the jerkin and puffed sleeves of JohnEvangelist, the fur-trimmed robe of Isaac, and the prominentlydisplayed boots or sandals worn by all the men.
The later large single figures designed for the hall at Peterhouse, Cambridge, are of rather uneven quality. The best of them
20
are those in the bay window, especially the Homer, Aristotleand Cicero, in which the draperies fall with a simplicity that israre with him. The Thomas Gray, Grafton and Cavendish havea restless irregularity of outline that is more than a little disturbing, and something of the same fault is visible in the 'GoodShepherd' window at Flockton, near Wakefield. The WaterfordSt. Phi lip, on the other hand, is one of the most memorable of allthe artist's individual figures. Equally the Saints Simon and ]udeat L1andaff, the old St. Anne and Simeon at Knaresborough, arecertainly among the finest figures in all nineteenth centurystained glass.
The check-list which follows is arranged in alphabetical order of subject.with brief descriptions and an indication of the whereabouts of the originalcartoons when these are in public collections or have been recently exhibited. No atcempr has been made to trace the cartoons in all cases;ncvcrrhcless, I should be grateful for information 3S to the present ownership of other cartoons. The second column of the list records the mdentificarion numbers used in a MS index compiled by the late H. C.Marillier, last managing director of J\1orris & Co., which is now in thelibrary of the City Art Gallery at Birmingham. The numbers prefixedby the letter R. indicate that the cartoon was reproduced in the albumpublished in 1895 by the Autotyec Company, from originals then in thepossession of Harold Rathbone. fhe third column gives the date whenthe cartoon was drawn. these dates being mostly stated on the authority ofHuetfcr's extracts from the account-book. The final column indicates,firstly, the place for which the design was originally commissioned(in italics), and then other places where the design was used, with dates.
ABRAHAM & ISAAC. boy clinging 3~
ro farher's robe. (R. r)
ABRAHAM, Sacrifice of. Isaacbearing wood, Abraham layingpyre.ADAM, tickling a bear with his 38ahis foot. (Cartoon. Ashmole:mMuseum, Oxford).ADAM. to right. his left foot 109upon pointed spade.ADAM & EVE, Adam with left 493arm over head and rig-ht heldout, Eve with long 'hair, treeand coiled serpent between.
March186)
Jan.1872
Juner5186,Marchr864186)
BTadfOTd CalhedTalCambridge (All Saints) ,866Cardiff (Saint John Baprisr)
1869Leigh (Staffs.) 1874T amworrh (Saint Edirha)
1874H altwhisrle
SeaThoTough (Sainr Marcin's)
Middleton Cheney
RodbourneMeolc Brace 1870
21
ADAM &. EVE, The Expulsion 44" 1869 Meole Bracefrom P3radise. (Cartoon repro.Note on the Morris StainedGlan Work opp. p. 7).AGONY IN TIiE GARDEN', disciples 215a Aug. Cambridge (Jesus College)asleep, Angcl with cup in top 1872 Newport (Salop.) 1874right corner. Saugerries (USA) 1874ALFRED, King, with harp in 222a March Cheddletonleft arm, holding out cake. 1864ANDREW, Saint, with palm and 1864 Bradford Cathedralsmall X-cross. Guernsey (Saint Stephen's)
1870
ANDREW. Saint. full-face. look- 1870 Westminster (Savoy Chapel)ing up, holdin9 behind him a (destroyed)large cross an on it a palm Aldedey Edge (Saint Philip's)br3nch. 1874
Brown Edge 1874Marple 1870
ANNA PROPHESYING, on left, May Knaresboroughbefore altar, with Joseph and 1873Virgin carrying babe.ANNE, Saint, carrying rose in 57a 1868 Middleton Cheney (notvase, and book in left hand. (R·7) carried out until 1880)(Called by Rathbone 'The Coddington (Notts.) 1881Mother of St. John the Dedworth 1873Baprist'). rlockton 1873
Leeds (Saint Saviour's) c.1872
ANNE, Saint, to left, young, in 1872 Knaresborougbwhite head-dress and amplecloak, holding bottle in righthand.
ARISTOTLE, with chameleon. 2023 Nov. Cambridge (Peterhouse)1870
BACON, Francis, in puffed 2°53 Nov. Cambridge (Peterhouse)trunks and hat, with torch 1870and book.
BA~ON, Roger, looking at 2043 Oct. Cambridge (Peterhouse)pnsm. 1870
BALSHAM. Hugo de. with R.15 1869 Cambridge (Peterhouse)crozier and sealed scroll.(Cartoon, Walker Arr Galley,Liverpool).
BALSHAM, Hugo de, with model May Cambridge (Peterhouse)of college. 187 1
BEAUFORT. Cardinal. July Cambridge (Peterhouse)187'
22
CAVENDtSH. Henry. carrying apiece of apparatus.OiARLEMAGNE, standing tofront, legs apart, with drawnsword, and orb.CHRIST & SAINT MARY
MAGDALENE, water-pot, spadeand apple-tree on left, castlewalls behind.CHRIST BEAIUNG nlE CROSS, to 433
left, with the Virgin and (21 Ba)Mary Magdalene kneeling onleft, and soldier pushing cross.CHRIST BLESSING LITTLE 333
CHILDREN. (Cartoon, Birming- (R.B)ham City Art Gallery, HO'27).CHRiST HEALING THE WOMAN
Wlnl AN ISSUE OF" BLOOD.
CHRIST LAID IN THE SEPULO-lRE,
Saint John at head, 3 figuresbehind; another kneeling toleft. (Original drawing, Birmingham City Art Gallery 27'(6)CHRIST ON THE CROSS, wlth the 293
Virgin and Saint John joining (R.ro)hands across. (Cartoon cepra.Note on the Morris StainedGlass Work, opp. p. 6).CHRIST SCOURGED at the Pillar, R·9gaol~r with whip right, soldierleamng on spear left.CHRIST STILLING THE WAVES, 2133
on a ship in a storm, withRoman soldier and others.
BRAZEN SERPENT, J\1oscs pointing left, group with twistedserpents round cross.CAIN &. ABEL, The Sacrifice of. soa
March1872
IB66
May1872
MarchIB64
Jan.1872
Oct.IB62
Aug.18731865
IB61/2
Aug.1872
Aug.IB64
H altwbistle
CheddletonMeolc Brace 1870.Middleron Cheney e. IB68Cambridge (Pererhouse)
Cheddleton
Cambridge (Jesus College)
HaltwbistleCambridge (Jesus College)
IB7lNewport (Salop) IB74CranbomeSunderland IB6S
Vent720r (Royal arionalHospital Chapel)
Gatcombe
SelsleyScarborough 1862
Cambridge (Jesus College)
Not identified
CHRIST WALKING O~ THE WATER, 2I93
Saint Peter sinking. (Cartoonin possession of IVlrs. RodericO'Conor, exhibited Liverpool.2964. no. B4)·CHRIST WATOUNG DISCIPLES IN 1433
A STORM, Christ on mountain,with sun on left, moon right.
Aug.IB64
SculthorpeLlandalf CathedrallB74
SCIllthorpe
23
2033 Nov. Cambridge (Peterhousel1870
226a March Cheddleton1864Dec. Cambridge (Peterhouse)187 1
Jan. Cambridge (Peterhouse)1872
R·4 1866 Not identified
ClCERO, with scroll.
CONSTANTINE, with hoodedtoga, holding our wreath.eOSIN, John; wearing mitre
and carrying crozier andbook.CRASHAW, Richard, book openin right hand, palette andmahlsock in left.DAVID &. GOLl:\lH, David withsling and crook; Goliath falling, with spear, shield andlarge scimitar.DAVIO &. GOLIATH, David hold- 106
ing up Goliath's severed head.
~ORCAS, with long hair, holdmg out a garment.
EDlTHA, SAINT, LEGEND OF, 12
subjects: - 1 to 4: Athelstangiving Editha to Sigtrig, Kingof Northumbria. and BishopElla blessing. (Cartoons,Whitworrh Art Gallery,Manchester).
5 to 8: Editha as Abbessadmonishing 2: nuns gatheringflowers, 2 others presentingflowers to the Virgin with InfantChrist.
9 to 12: 'VVillbm theConqueror giving Charter ofNunnery to Marmion,Marmion taking possession,Marmion asleep is struck in avision by Saint Editha withher staff.
3 Tracery comparnnents,Sigrrig's Galley, the Castle ofTamworth. and the Nunneryof Tamworth.EDWARD I, standing, in chain·mail and robe. crowned. withorb and sword on ground.EDWARD I, standing. crownedand robed, with sceptre andorb.
April1873
April1873
April1873
April1873
186<)
Cambridge (Jesus College)
13ramleyLeeds (Mill Hill Chapel)
1875TQ11nDOTtb
TamwoTtb
TarnwoTth
Tamworth
Cambridge (Percrhousel
Cambridge (Peterhouse)
EDWARD THE CONFESSOR, withrosary, orb held in cloak, staffin left hand and ring in right.
ELEANOR, QUEEN, with sceptreand charter.
R.16
March1864
CbeddletonCambridge (All Saints) 1866
Cambridge (Peterhouse)(?) Macclesfield (Saint
. Michael's) 1918
Cambridge (Peterhouse)
Cbedd/eton
Bradford CatbedralCoddingron (Notts.) (without
John) 1881Guernsey (as Sarah, without
John) ,870Knaresborough (without
John) 1873Ltandalf Cathedral 1866Marple (reversed) 187)Middleton Chcney (without
John) 1880Winteringham (reversed)
1874
KllaresboroughMayJ8]2-
AprilJ864
37a
ELKANAH. stooping to right,wLth staff and bottle.
ETHELBERT, King, standing,crowned, with long staff inright hand.ETIfELDREDA, Saint, crowned,with long hood. crucifix inleft hand, open book in right.
EVANGELISTS - see ST. JOHN, ST. LUKE, ST. MARK and ST. MATTHEW
ELl - see SAMUEL & ELl
ELIZABETI-I, Saint, standing, inwhite head-dress, with the boyJohn clasped against her.
EVE, holding dove. (Cartoon,Ashmolcan-Museum, Oxford).
GlDEON, armed cap-a-pied. R.l2a(Cartoon, Victoria & AlbertMuseum, E.Z906-19!7, as byRurne-Jones; repro. Huefferas Archangel MichaeD.Same figure used as Sir Lancelot in Story of T risrram windows, Bradford City ArtGallery).GOOD SHEPIIERD, carrying lamb 34a
under left arm. in hoodedcloak, with staff and sheep.
GRAFlON, DUKE OF, in robesand coronet.
GRAY, Thomas, legs crossed,leaning against a tree.
July186z
June'4186z
186<}
July1874
Aug.187)
Scarborough
Scarborough
Flockton 1873
Cambridge (Pctcrhouse)
Cambridge (Peterhouse>
25
R.I I
40a(R.6)
HANNAH, in profile to right, inwhite head-dress, arms foldedon breast.HELENA, Saint. cloaked, right 2 I 73
hand up, left holding ctucifix.HOLBRQOK, Chancellor, holding 56aastrolabe. (Cartoon, Victoria (R.17)& Albert Museum, 647-1894).HOMER, full-face, \virh staff and 201a
lyre.
ISAAC, carrying wooden vessel R.2.in left hand, right hand bless-ing; in furred robe and boots.ISAAC - see also ABRAHAM
JOHN EVANGELIST, Saint, wearing cape, cup with dragon inleft hand.
JUDE, Saint, carrying ship.(Cartoon, "Valker Art Gallery,Liverpool).LOUIS. Saint, with crown, swordand orb.LUKE, Saint, standing, wearingstraw hat, holding 'Hippocrates'in left hand, flower in right.LUKE, Saint, as a painter, with 220amissal and palette; Angelsbearing hut behind head.
MARK, Saint, examining hispen, with papers on onelegged rable.MARTHA, see Huetfer p. 445.MARTIN, S<l.int. cutting his cloak 3Iafor the beggar.MARTIN. Saint. in heaven.kneeling before Christ andAngels.MATllIEW, Saint, full-lengthstanding. beardless, in sandals,with Angel sitting on his arm.
26
March1864Aug.187'
Oct.1870
March1863
June1863
April1874
March18641869
May3 I
1862
Feb.1864Feb.1864
June1863
Bradford Cathedralredrawn for Knaresborough.
May 187'Cheddleton
Cambridge (Peterhouse)
Cambridge (Peterhouse)101dwynds (Surrey) 1875
(lost)Rotbbury (Cragside) 1873Bradford CathedralGuernsey 1870
Bradford CathedralFarnham Royal 1868GosforthGuernsey 1870Langron Green 1865/6L1andatf Carhedral 1868Middleton Cheney 1865Llandaff Cathedral
Cheddleton
LadockVenrnor (Royal National
Hospital Chapel) 1873
Not identified
Soutbgate
Not identifiedScarborougb
Scarborough
Bradford CathedralGosforthGuernsey 1870Langron Green 1865/6L1andatf Cathedral 1868
MELCHISEDEK, blessingAbraham.
MlaiAEL, Saint, full-face, with 65atilting lance, banner andjewelled sword, the last twobetween his legs.
MILTON, John, youthful, cap R.203
at hip, advancing to left,readlng.
MILTON, John, old and blind.
MIRACULOUS DRAUGHT OF FISHES,two disciples with Christ in boatabove, disciple in another boatright foreground, net between.
1866 Middleton CheneyCheddleton c.1868
186, Brighton (Saint Michael's)Broughty Ferry.Darwen (adapted) 1922Earon Hastings 1934
elson (adapted for tracery)1919
187' Cambridge (Peterhouse)but dated on cartoon, repro.Rathbone: 'c. 74').
1873 RothbuTY (Cragside)Wightwick Manor
April Llandatt Cathedral1874
OSWALD. SAINT, LEGEND OF, 6 subjects: Sept.(i) Baptism of Saint OswaId 228a 1864
(Cartoon, Victoria &Albert Museum, '3l-l894)
Liverpool (Saint John's,Tuebrook)
Middleton Cheney (reversed)Cambridge (All Saints) 1866Cardiff (Saint John's) 1869Haywards Heath c.1868Liverpool (Saint John's,
T uebrook) 1868Madeley 1873Ivteole Brace 1873Tamworrh 1874T rourbeck 1873Waterford (Herts.) 1874
Durham (Saint Oswald's)
Cambridge (Pctcrhouse)
Meole BraceCambridge (J esus College)
1873Meole BraceSelsley(?) Orkney 1900
Oct.1870
March1864
186,
109
35a 1869
NOAH, to left, holding up arkin his robe.
MOSES, THE FI~DING OF. 36a 1869
NATIVITY, Joseph tasting bowl. 193a Nov.Magi kneeling, Virgin recliningcentrej basket of eggs, ox andsheep with legs tied, dove onpaling. (Cartoon formerly incollection of Sir S. Cockerell).
NEHEMIAH, holding trowel. and 30a 1868leaning fingers of left handon sword.NEWTON, Sir Isaac, with apple. 2063
MOSES &. TIJE BURNING BUSH.
Sept. Durba1Jl1864
Dec. Durham1864Jan. Durham1865June Durham1865June Durham1865
June HradfordCathedral186) Dodding-ton e.1865
Guernsey 1870Henlcy-m-Ardcn 1865MeDIc Brace 1871Middleton Cheney .865
April Llanda/f Catbedral1874r\1arch Cheddleton.864
(iD Saint Oswald crowned 129aKing of Bcnucia (Carroon,Victoria & Albcrt Museum,£.1853-1910).
(ui) Saint Oswald killing z31aCaedw~lIa.
(iv) Saint Oswald sends 230amissionaries to Scotla.nd.
(v) Saint Oswald's death in 2323battle.
(vi) The enshrining of Saint Z3]3
Oswald; Bishop Aidan re-ceiving his heo:ld.PAUL, Saint, to lcft, holding 53abroad flat-topped knife andMS with seaL
PAUL, Saint, shipwrecked.
PENDA, King of Mercia, kilted 124aand cross-gartcred, holding (R.r4)sceptre with bird and orb;square crown. (Called by Rathbone 'Peeda, King of Kent').PETER, Saint.
PETER, Saint, Christ's Charge 41ato; Peter kneeling Left, Christstanding right among sheep,and feeding onc with grass.PETER, Saint, delivered from Z J 7:1prison; Angel and Peter des-cending steps hand in hand.
pmLlP, Saint, as Deacon, stand109 m water.SAJ\1UEL &; ELl, Eli reclining 47:1on couch, pointing upwards. (R.3)
SIMEON, to left, looking up, R.13bright hand raiscd,lcft at looseends of girdle.SlMON, Saint, full-face, left handholding fish. (Cartoon, Birmingham City Art Gallery, 150',,).
1869
Sept.1870
(1)
1870
May1873
April1874
Not identified; (1) designedfor Ladock, but not used.Troutbeck(?) Stcpney (Saint Peter's,
Londnn Docks) (destroyed)
Perhaps first used at Stepney(Saint Peter's, London Docks)(destroyed)Llanlwychaiarn J899Hraterford (Herts.)Madeley .873Meole BraceBrighouse (Saint lames's)
1870Cambridge (Jesus College)
1873KnaresborOltl{h(1) Fulford ,874 (destroyed)Meole Brace 1873Llanda/f Cathedral
"a Sept. Harden Grange, Bingley;1862 now at Bradford City Art
Gallery
R.ll 1862 Brighton (Saint Miehael's)
R.18 July Cambridge (Peterhouse)1872
R.19 187 1 Cambridge (Peterhouse)
R.13a 1866 Hayward, Heath
S'" 1866 CheddletonMeolc Brace 1870
R·s May Knaresborougb187! Leigh (Staffs.) .874
144" Dec.187 1
3'a Nov.]87 1
July18741857
SOLOMON BUILDlNG TUE ~ 163
TEMPLE, seated on right withserpent sceptre, directingarchitect on left.SPENSER, Edmund, standing, R.20bin long hose, with pen andbook; to left.SUPPER AT EMMAUS, smallpanel. Christ scared centrewith arms spread, disciple ateach side facing him.mo.MAS , Saint, beardless. holding spear and square in lefthand.THOMAS, SAINT, INCREDULITY
OF, small panel.TRANSFIGURATION, design invesica-shaped panel, donefor Messrs. Powell & Sons.(repro. Hueffer).TRISTRAM & ISEULT, Story of,panel no. 10, The Death ofSir Tristram. (Canoon,Firzwilliam Museum,Cambridge).URIEL, Arch:mgcl. full-face,in copc, \vith open book andstaff with hammer-top.(Cartoon repra. Hueffcr).WAUKWQRTH, John, in scholar'sgown and cap, disputing froma book. (Misealled Crashawby Rathbone).WHITGll'T, Archbishop John,reading from book.WILFRID, Saint, blessing, withbroken idol at his feet.ZAO·IARIAS, small panel; agedpriest kneeling and offeringsmoking dish at steps of altar;scribe behind.ZACHARIAS, standing, full-face,in vestments, holdin~ censerin left hand and rod m right.(Cartoon, Birmingham CityArt Gallery, 149',,).
Aug.187'
Cambridge (Jesus College)
Cambridge (Peterhouse)Rothbury (Cragside) 1873
TrombeckCambridge (Jesus College)
1874
Leeds (Saint Saviour's)
Cambridge (Jesus College)
Not identified
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