a case-study of municipal solid waste management at pattukkottai municipality
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A Case-study of Municipal Solid Waste Management at
Pattukkottai Municipality
Authors: Gangainathan A Veeraraghavan S Senguttuvan R
Institution: School of Civil Engineering SASTRA University Thanjavur
INTRODUCTIONo Solid Waste Management refers to handling of waste in Eco-friendly
way
o It is responsible for generated waste from source to disposal
o Municipal solid waste includes household wastes, commercial wastes and waste from street wash by a municipality
o Effectively managed by converting Waste into Wealth (W2W)
SANITATION + BUSINESS = SWM
OBJECTIVESThe main aim is to study the different concepts of Solid Waste Management in sub urban area
o To assess the quantity of solid waste generated
o To get pros and cons from people in SWM activities
o To check effectiveness of Landfill site
o To prepare business proposal for converting waste
ABSTRACTo Study area is Pattukkottai Municipality
o Our idea is to convert waste to wealth (W2W) and it helps in improve the sanitation for a hygienic environment
o Detailed Investigation – the quantity & the types of waste generated o Survey - to identify the problems faced by the local people & visitors
o Laboratory tests – to find out the suitable waste processing technique
o Determined the effectiveness of the Landfill site
o From the results obtained, we have decided to implement Vermi-composting Bio-degradable wastes Waste resale centre Non-bio-degradable wastes(Recyclable)
o Business Proposal was prepared
STUDY AREAo Area chosen for our case-study is Pattukkottai Municipality
o It is located at 10.43°N 79.32°E along the south-east coast of India in the East-central region of Tamil Nadu
o Selection Grade Municipality in Thanjavur district, Tamilnadu
o It is divided into 33 wardsArea 21.83 sq.kmLength of streets 94.947 kmAltitude 27m from
MSLAnnual rainfall 1075.33mmPopulation 73097Literates rate 77%Male-Female ratio 1 : 1.009Soil Alluvial
INVESTIGATIONo Year of MSWM commenced – 2002
o Population present - 73097o Waste generated per day – 35 Tonneso Per capita waste generation – 0.48 kg o No. of Line (route) - 2
HUMAN RESOURCE MATERIAL RESOURCEType of Material Availabl
eCompactor bins 50Tricycle 47Tipper lorry 2Dumper placer 2
Destination NumberSanitary Officer 1Sanitary Inspector 2Supervisor 6Permanent workers
83
Temporary workers
65
Total 157
PRELIMINARY SURVEY
Collection o Once in a day during morning timeo Door to door collection method o Not covering the outer areas
Sortingo No sorting but some arrangements
made according to Govt. rules
Transporto Using Tri-cycles & Mini-lorrieso Extra care to be taken to prevent the
waste flying outwards
Treatmento No treatment of wastes before disposal
Disposalo Open dumping of waste easily got fired o Possibility of Air pollution in landfill site
DisposalTreatmentTransport
SortingCollectionMaximum
Credit for Functional elements of SWM (Max
5)
35%
9%15%
2.5%
1%
0.5%
37% Food waste
Paper
Grass/Leaves
Plastic
Glass/Ceramics
Metal
Ash,Dust & Earth matters
Bio-degradable waste - 59 %
Non-bio-degradable waste - 41 %
INCREDIENTS OF WASTE
SURVEYo Questionnaire is prepared in TAMILo To identify the problem faced by the people
Face to Face Interview – 250 families Online survey - 50 persons
71%
29%
Awareness of difference b/w wastes Yes
No
90%
10%Toilet facility
YesNo
24%
76%
Disposal of waste
Open place
45%55%
Drainage Blockage Yes
No
Mosquito menaceFiring
BadsmellFly nuisance
Rodents
48%6%
23%15%
59%
Difficulty faced
35%
65%
Business Op-portunities
YesNo
12345
6%22%
53%16%
4%
Sanitary condition of Municipality
77%
23%
Willingness to segregate at
source YesNo
60%
40%
Pay ChargesYesNo
WASTE SAMPLE TEST
PARAMETERS DATA STANDARDSpH 7.8 5 to 9Organic Carbon 11.2
%9.8 - 13.4 %
Nitrogen 0.42% 0.41 to 1.61 %
C/N ratio 28 26 - 31Moisture content
54% 50 – 60%
o Waste samples were collected from the different sectors of Municipality o Separated Bio-degradable waste were tested at Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) near Sengipatti, Thanjavur
From result obtained, Decided to implement
VERMI-COMPOSTING
STATUS OF LAND-FILL SITELocation criteria
o Occur in upper areao Ground water Table > 2mo Partial Fencingo No proper Dumpingo River flows < 30m
Leachate AnalysisGround water quality around site is within permissible limit
s
PARAMETER UNIT SAMPLE 1 SAMPLE 2 SAMPLE 3 SAMPLE 4 STANDARDSpH 7.12 7.09 6.85 6.9 6.5 – 8.5Hardness mg/l 440 425 386 388 300 - 600DO mg/l 5.9 6.1 6.6 7.5 4 – 8TDS mg/l 685 670 625 630 500 - 1500Salinity mg/l 780 720 665 680 Less than
2500Alkanity mg/l 375 352 367 320 200 - 600
VERMI-COMPOSTINGo Use of earth-worms for Composting Bio-degradable wasteo Compost used as Bio-fertilizer o Considered a gardener’s gold for being nutrient richo Can a sell excess Earth-worms
DESCRIPTION DATATotal Amount 35 tonnesBio-degradable waste 17.5 tonnesAmount of Vermi-compost
7 tonnes
Cost per unit weight of kg INR 2Total income per day INR 14000Total income per annum INR 51.1
lakhs
WASTE RECOVERY CENTRE Resale the Non-biodegradable waste
Cost - INR 11200 per day Total Income – INR 98.375 Lakhs pa
TOTAL INCOME FOR MUNICIPALITY BY SOLID WASTE PER ANNUM
₹ 1.5 CRORES
Types of Waste
Amount of Waste (kg)
Cost (INR)
Paper 3150 15750Plastics 875 7000Glass 350 700Metals 175 3500
PROFIT ANALYSIS
BENEFITS
Direct Benefits – Money
Indirect Benefits – Healthy Life, Hygienic Environment
Fixed Investment 3 CroresVarying Investment
0.25 Crores
Income 1.5 CroresProfit 1.25 CroresPercentage return on Investment
41.66 %i.e. 2.5 years
India is over-populated country,
So Waste generation is more
Modify this Negative aspect to Positive
Attitude by making Revenue
Govt. should create awareness about
Business opportunities in
Waste sector
CONCLUSION
THANKYOU…
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