` what is virtualization? “virtualization is a proven software technology that is rapidly...

`

• What is Virtualization?

• “Virtualization is a proven software technology that is rapidly transforming the IT landscape and fundamentally changing the way that people compute.”

• Making it possible to run multiple operating systems and multiple applications on the same computer at the same time, increasing the utilization and flexibility of hardware

.

•“Discover what virtualization can do for you”

أل Abstraction of computer resources.

hiding of technical detail, through Encapsulation, Abstraction and Object Orientation

The common theme:

أل Making multiple physical resourcesappear as a single logical resource.

Making a single physical resource appear أل to function as multiple logical resources (ex. OS , Application ,Storage Device)

Hiding the physical characteristics of computing resources from the way in أل a which other systems, applications, or end users interact with those resources.

- Platform virtualization

- Resource virtualization

•Platform virtualization involves the simulation of computer environments.

•Resource virtualization involves the simulation of combined, fragmented, or simplified resources.

1999-2001 1999-2001

2003-20052003-2005

2006 + ...2006 + ...

AutomationAggregationAvailability Optimization

CentralManagement

Enterprise-Class Virtualization

System Partitioning

CentralManagement

Enterprise-Class Virtualization

System Partitioning

System Partitioning

1st GenerationSingle System

Hypervisor-basedStack

1st GenerationSingle System

Hypervisor-basedStack

3rd Gen…Infrastructure-wide

Virtualization

3rd Gen…Infrastructure-wide

Virtualization

2nd GenerationVirtual Infrastructure2nd Generation

Virtual Infrastructure

First generation virtualization provided server partitioning

through a hypervisor or hosted architecture;

•second-generation virtualization added management, capacity planning, and other tools for consolidating production servers.

dynamically aggregate heterogeneous systems into pools of resources that are

centrally managed, continuously optimized and highly available to any

application or operating system.

4-way Server

6GB Memory

Run up to 32 Virtual

Machines !

Allocate up to 12 GB Virtual

Machine Memory !

Physical Virtualized

All physical resources are shared by virtual machines resulting in a resource multiplier effect

2 HBAs (paired)

2 NICs (paired)

Create and allocate up to 32 Virtual Disks !

Create and allocate up to 16 Virtual NICs !

Physical Virtualized

• What is it?

– Dynamic balancing of computing resources across resource pools

– Intelligent resource allocation based on pre-defined rules

• Customer Impact

– Align IT resources with business priorities

– Operational simplicity; dramatically increase system administrator productivity

– Add hardware dynamically to avoid over-provisioning to peak load

– Automate hardware maintenance

Dynamic and intelligent allocation of hardware resources to ensure optimal alignment between business and IT

Resource Pool

Business Demand

Distributed Resource Scheduler

• Provisioning is “fire and forget”

• Easily add more capacity

• Avoid over-provisioning to peak load

Add hardware dynamically

Resource PoolCPU 36GHz, Mem 58GB

Priority HIGH

Resource PoolCPU 50 GHz, Mem 70GB

Priority HIGH

Initially:CPU 36 GHz, Mem 58 GBPriority HIGH

أل Virtualization lets you transform hardware into software.

أل just like a “real” computer..

أل NO Interfering…..

The VMware approach to virtualization inserts a thin layer of software أل directly on the computer hardware or on a host operating system.

”Hypervisor“ أل

“ .Virtualizing a single physical computer is just the beginning“ أل

VMware offers a robust virtualization platform that can scale across hundreds of أل x interconnected physical computers and storage devices to form an entire virtual infrastructure.

The VMware Approach to Virtualization

`

• Virtualization is a technology that can benefit anyone who uses a computer. Millions of people and thousands of organizations around the world—including all of the Fortune 100—use VMware virtualization solutions to

-reduce IT costs-increasing the efficiency, utilization and flexibility of their existing computer hardware.

• Server Consolidation and Infrastructure Optimization: Virtualization makes it possible to achieve significantly higher resource utilization by pooling common infrastructure resources and breaking the legacy “one application to one server” model.

• Physical Infrastructure Cost Reduction: With virtualization, you can reduce the number of servers and related IT hardware in the data center. This leads to reductions in real estate, power and cooling requirements, resulting in significantly lower IT costs.

• Improved Operational Flexibility & Responsiveness: Virtualization offers a new way of managing IT infrastructure and can help IT administrators spend less time on repetitive tasks such as provisioning, configuration, monitoring and maintenance.

• Increased Application Availability & Improved Business Continuity: Eliminate planned downtime and recover quickly from unplanned outages with the ability to securely backup and migrate entire virtual environments with no interruption in service.

• Improved Desktop Manageability & Security: Deploy, manage and monitor secure desktop environments that end users can access locally or remotely, with or without a network connection, on almost any standard desktop, laptop or tablet PC.

Discover the Value of Virtualization إل

Top 5 Reasons to Adopt Virtualization Software أل

Server Consolidation and Containment – Eliminate server sprawl by deploying systems into virtual machines

Business Continuity – Reduce the cost and complexity of business continuity by encapsulating entire systems files that can be replicated and restored onto any target server

Infrastructure Provisioning – Reduce the time for provisioning new infrastructure to minutes with sophisticated automation capabilities.

Disaster Recovery– Migrate legacy operating systems and software applications to virtual machines running on new hardware for better reliability. A DR Plan recovers technology platforms and associated technology functions

Improved Networking and Virtual Experince: Networking virtually with VLan and Virtual Reality products or simulation Experience

`

• A virtual machine is a tightly isolated software container that can run its own operating systems and applications as if it were a physical computer.

• A virtual machine is composed entirely of software and contains no hardware components

• A virtual machine behaves exactly like a physical computer and contains it own

- virtual CPU

- RAM

- Hard disk

- Network interface card (NIC).

• An operating system can’t tell the difference between a virtual machine and a physical machine, nor can applications or other computers on a network. Even the virtual machine thinks it is a “”

أل Virtual machines are completely independent from their underlying physical hardware. For example, you can configure a virtual machine with virtual components

(eg, CPU, network card, SCSI controller)

أل Virtual machines on the same physical server can even run different kinds of operating systems (Windows, Linux, etc).

أل When coupled with the properties of encapsulation and compatibility, hardware independence gives you the freedom to move a virtual machine from one type of x86 computer to another without making any changes to the device drivers, operating system, or applications.

أل Hardware independence also means that you can run a heterogeneous mixture of operating systems and applications on a single physical computer.

Before Virtualization: Single OS image per machine Software and hardware tightly coupled Running multiple applications on same

machine often creates conflict Underutilized resources Inflexible and costly infrastructure

After Virtualization: Break dependencies between OS

and hardware Manage OS and application as single

unit by encapsulating them into VMs Strong fault and security isolation VM’s are hardware-independent:

they can be provisioned anywhere

Windows Server 2003 Standard, Enterprise, Web Editions, and Small Business Server

Windows 2000 Server and Advanced Server

Windows NT : 4.0 Server

Windows XP Professional

Red Hat Linux 7.2, 7.3, 8.0, & 9.0

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 & 3

Solaris 10 (on x86)

SUSE Linux 8.2, 9.0 and 9.1

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 8

Novell NetWare 5.1, 6.0 and 6.5

FreeBSD 4.9

NEW

• Rigorously tested to run 28 versions of all major operating systems

• Experimental 64-bit operating system support

Freedom to choose the most appropriate OS for any application

`

• What is a Virtual Infrastructure?أل While a virtual machine represents the hardware resources of an entire computer, a virtual infrastructure

represents the interconnected hardware resources of an entire IT infrastructure—including :

- computers,- network devices - shared storage resources.

أل Virtual machines are a fundamental building block

أل Helps in improving: availability, security and manageability of mission-critical applications.

By decoupling the entire software environment from its underlying hardware ألinfrastructure,virtualization enables the Aggregation of

- Multiple servers - Storage infrastructure networks into shared pools of resources that can be delivered dynamically securely and

reliably to applications as needed.

• Solutions are designed to function independently of the hardware and operating system to provide customers with a broad platform choice.

60-80% utilization rates for x86 servers (up from 5-15% in non-virtualized PCs)

Cost savings of more than $3,000 annually for every workload virtualized

Ability to provision new applications in minutes instead of days or weeks

85% improvement in recovery time from unplanned downtime

VMware customers who have adopted virtual infrastructure solutions

have reported dramatic results, including:

333 servers replaced per yearappr. 10,000 man/hrs saved

From 20-40 hrs to build a server and re-load application…

1. Build and configure hardware

2. Load operating system

3. Load configuration tools (Backup, Resource Kit, Monitoring, etc…)

4. Assign 2 IP addresses

5. Build 3 network connections, copper or fiber

6. Turn over to applications team to re-load and re-configure software

7. Test applications

8. Coordinate outage / data migration

…To 15-30 min to copy a virtual machine and restart

1. Redirect virtual disk to new VMware virtual machine instance[Tools already loaded][Application already loaded, configured]

2. Done

Before After

Then Now Future

*JPOR: “Just a Pool of Resources”

JPOR*

• 16 GB RAM• Up to 4 virtual

CPUs• Support for

powerful physical servers with up to 32 logical CPU and 64 GB RAM

Run the most resource intensive enterprise applications such as databases, CRM and ERP applications in virtual machines

….

VirtualBox.lnk

MCA III Roll NO 25

Soni_mitesh20@yahoo.co.in

PanjabUniversity

Sourceshttp://www.vmware.com

http://www.vmblog.com

`

IT Under PressureManagement requirements for improved IT efficiency

Costly but underutilized

hardware resources

Backlog of new IT projects demanded

by business managers

Difficulty of capacity planning for future projects

Budget constraints

Remedies are not so easy!

Inflexible, CostlyInsecure

Infrastructure

Inflexible, CostlyInsecure

Infrastructure

Slow Development& Deployment

Cycles

UncontrollableServer Growth

Fire drills

Contemporary Datacenter Infrastructure,

Utilization and Needs Increasing use of x86 servers

• 91% of all enterprise servers bought in 2004 (Gartner Dataquest)

But those servers are not utilized efficiently

• Typical x86-based server utilization: 5-15%

• Best practice for x86 servers of one application per server

• Repurposing servers is difficult and costly

And the need for servers continues to grow

• Need to duplicate datacenter for disaster recovery

• Need additional servers to support test and development of new applications

• Need servers for staging

Solving the Problem

Server Consolidation.

Server Containment.

Server consolidation– Reduce number of servers in datacenter

to reduce costs

Server containment– Create virtual machines instead of

provisioning new hardware

– Reduces future hardware needs

Server Consolidation and Containment

Virtual infrastructure provides a managed approach to regain control over x86-based server sprawl

Comparing the Options

Implement Virtual infrastructure• Optimizes utilization, availability,

manageability• Delivers maximum ROI from hardware

APP Server

Web Server

Physical consolidation

• e.g. racks, blades

• Saves space, but does not improve utilization

Application consolidation

• Risk of application conflicts, resource contention

Reduced TCOEnhanced

ManageabilityIncreased Flexibility and Responsiveness

• Lower hardware costs through higher utilization

• Lower administrative costs

• Lower overhead costs for datacenter

• SLA management capabilities

• Better management of capacity planning

• Centralized management of virtual machines

• Instant provisioning using Virtual Center

• Easy to repurpose physical servers

• Online workload management

Benefits of Solving Server Sprawl with Virtual Infrastructure

Server Consolidation with VMware Means Customers Can Take This…

300 Servers

…and Replace It With This

300 Servers without VMware software

8 Servers, 1 rack with VMware software !!

64-core CMP

Server Consolidationwww server

database server #1

database server #2

middleware server #1

middleware server #1

data

data

Optimize Performance

64-core CMP

Server Consolidationwww server

database server #1

database server #2

middleware server #1

middleware server #1

Isolate Performance

64-core CMP

Server Consolidationwww server

database server #1

database server #2

middleware server #1

middleware server #1

Dynamic Partitioning

64-core CMP

Server Consolidationwww server

database server #1

database server #2

middleware server #1

middleware server #1

data

Inter-VM Sharing

VMWare’s Content-based Page Sharing Up to 60% reduced memory

Consolidation Improves Hardware Utilization

Before VMware After VMware

Virtualization enables consolidation of workloads from underutilized servers onto a single server

to safely achieve higher utilization

Benefit: Improved Capacity Planning Process

• Monitor and tune utilization

– Centralized virtual machine management

– Monitoring & performance management

– Automated provisioning and migration

• Forecast future capacity needs

– Use Virtual Center to optimize utilization

– Deliver zero-downtime maintenance

– Continuous workload consolidation

– Procure additional hardware based on long-range capacity forecasts, not in reaction to immediate project needs

– Transform IT from reactive to proactive

With the release of faster and more reliable hardware solutions, many organisations are looking towards consolidating their applications on single or clusters of servers. 

Microsoft has designed VIRTUAL SERVER 2005

Virtual Server 2005• Windows service with a web interface

• Designed for remote administration

• Fully documented COM API for scripting and ISVs

• Virtualizes everything you find in a x86 system

• Provides virtual disks (VHD), virtual networking and virtual video

Containment through Virtual Infrastructure

– Backward containment• Combats sprawl due to maintaining existing projects• Enable support for older applications on new hardware via virtualization• Retire legacy hardware from the data center

– Forward containment• Manage server growth for future projects• Allows incremental virtualization of workloads• Provision new projects with virtual machines instead of provisioning

hardware

`

Business Continuity & Disaster Recovery

• What is Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Planning?– The process of creating plans, processes and procedures to

resume or re-establish mission critical business functions within an acceptable time frame

– A DR Plan recovers technology platforms and associated technology functions (i.e., networks, etc.)

– Business Continuity plans focus on recovery of business functions and workgroup functions (i.e., Payroll Department, Call Center, etc.)

Business Continuity & Disaster Recovery

• Okay, why?– Disaster Recovery evolved from Data Center functions

– Used to be focused only on centralized processors and platforms

– Strictly a “technical” solution

– Over time, it was realized that recovery of the platforms did not mean recovery of the business

– Business Continuity addresses those “non-technical” functions that are required to restore business

Business Continuity & Disaster Recovery

• Fine, but what differentiates “technical” from “non-technical”?– “Technical” typically are computer platforms or systems (i.e., mainframes,

servers, midrange, routers, gateways, network comms, etc.) found within Data Centers or IT areas

– “Non-technical” are functions and processes that support critical business operations that are external to the above (i.e., HR, Payroll, Legal, Call Center, etc.)

WHAT ABOUT

CONSOLIDATION

?

YES, WE HAVE CONSOLIDATED OUR

BUSSINESS VERY WELL.!

Business Continuity & Disaster Recovery

• Who is responsible for each plan?– Since a Disaster Recovery plan is a technology process, then IT personnel

should create and maintain the plan

– A Business Continuity plan is a business recovery that should be driven by business needs and decisions, therefore created by business personnel

Risk Analysis

Business Impact

Analysis

RecoveryStrategy

Business Continuity

Plan

Impl. Business Continuity

Plan

Impl. IT Recovery

Plan

Current Recoverability

Analysis

Analyse

Implement

Design

Business Continuity Cycle

OPTIONS FOR DISASTER RECOVERY

COMPARISON OF RECOVERY STEPS

VIRTUAL MACHINE BACKUP OPTION

DISASTER RECOVERY CUSTOMER SCENARIO

Result : 16.5 minutes to failure!

Questions?

ROLL NO 39

VNCvirtual network computing

What is VNC?Virtual Network Computing

• “VNC allows a person at a remote computer to assume control of another computer across a network, as if they were sitting in front of the other computer.”

What make it diff. No state is stored at viewer. Vnc is small and simple. Vnc is Platform independent. Vnc is sharable. Vnc has free version.

What can I use VNC for?

• Example 1: “Remote system administration, where VNC is used to allow administrators to take control of employee machines to diagnose and fix problems, or to access and administer server machines without making a trip to the console.”

What can I use VNC for?• Example 2: “VNC can also be used in

educational contexts, for example to allow a distributed group of students simultaneously to view a computer screen being manipulated by an instructor, or to allow the instructor to take control of the students' computers to provide assistance.”

How do I install VNC• Installing the Server (Windows)

– Download and install like a normal windows program.

– “VNC Server Free Edition for Windows is installed as an optional component of the setup package. If VNC Server has been installed then a number of icons will be created for it under the Start Menu, at the location specified during installation (usually RealVNC).”

How do I use VNC?Windows

– Start/Programs/RealVNC/VNC Viewer/Run VNC Viewer

How do I use VNC?• Windows

– Enter server or server:port

Vnc for mobile

InstallationEnter ip address.Enter the password.

Key benefit• Multi os support.

• Remote access.

• Ability to access any computer remotely.

• Program management.

VPNvirtual private network

What is VPN?Virtual Private Network is a type of

private network that uses public telecommunication, such as the Internet, instead of leased lines to communicate.

Became popular as more employees worked in remote locations.

Traditional Connectivity

Virtual Private Networks (VPN)Basic Architecture

Private Networks vs.

Virtual Private NetworksEmployees can access the network (Intranet) from

remote locations.

Secured networks.

The Internet is used as the backbone for VPNs

Saves cost tremendously from reduction of equipment and maintenance costs.

Scalability

Remote Access Virtual Private Network

Brief Overview of How it Works

Two connections – one is made to the Internet and the second is made to the VPN.

Datagrams – contains data, destination and source information.

Firewalls – VPNs allow authorized users to pass through the firewalls.

Protocols – protocols create the VPN tunnels.

Tunneling

A virtual point-to-point connection

made through a public network. It transports

encapsulated datagrams.

Encrypted Inner Datagram

Datagram Header Outer Datagram Data Area

Original Datagram

Data Encapsulation [From Comer]

Two types of end points: Remote Access Site-to-Site

Four Critical FunctionsAuthentication – validates that the data was

sent from the sender.Access control – limiting unauthorized users

from accessing the network.Confidentiality – preventing the data to be

read or copied as the data is being transported.

Data Integrity – ensuring that the data has not been altered

EncryptionEncryption -- is a method of “scrambling”

data before transmitting it onto the Internet.

Public Key Encryption Technique

Digital signature – for authentication

Four Protocols used in VPN

PPTP -- Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol

L2TP -- Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol

IPsec -- Internet Protocol Security

SOCKS – is not used as much as the ones above

Eliminating the need for expensive long-distance leased lines

Reducing the long-distance telephone charges for remote access.

Transferring the support burden to the service providers

Operational costs

Advantages: Cost Savings

Flexibility of growth

Efficiency with broadband technology

Advantages: Scalability

VPNs require an in-depth understanding of public network security issues and proper deployment of precautions

Availability and performance depends on factors largely outside of their control

Immature standards

VPNs need to accommodate protocols other than IP and existing internal network technology

Disadvantages

Industries That May Use a VPN Healthcare: enables the transferring of confidential patient information

within the medical facilities & health care provider

Manufacturing: allow suppliers to view inventory & allow clients to purchase online safely

Retail: able to securely transfer sales data or customer info between stores & the headquarters

Banking/Financial: enables account information to be transferred safely within departments & branches

General Business: communication between remote employees can be securely exchanged

VLANvirtual LAN

What is vlan• Vlan is a group of host.

• Vlan is a broadcast domain.

• Logical grouping not dependent on physical location.

• Switches are core component of vlans.

Switches and routers each play an important role in VLAN design.

Switches are the core device that controls individual VLANs while routers provide inter VLAN communication

The Role of the Router in VLANS• Policy-based control• Broadcast management• Route processing & distribution• Provide the communication

between VLANs.• Provide VLAN access to shared

resources, such as servers & hosts.

VLAN PROTOCOL

IEEE 802.1Q

Preamble (pre)

alternating pattern of 1 & o that tell receiving station a frame is coming and that provides a means to synchronize the frame-reception portions of receiving physical layers with the incoming bit stream.

Start of frame delimiter (sfd)

alternating pattern of ones and zeros, ending with two consecutive 1-bits indicating that the next bit is the left-most bit in the left-most byte of the destination address.

Destination address (DA)

The DA field identifies which station (s) should receive the frame

Source address (SA) The SA field identifies the sending station.

TPID TPID defined value of 8100 in hex. When a frame has the EtherType equal to 8100, this frame

carries the tag IEEE 802.1Q / 802.1P.

7 1 6 6 2 2 2 42-1496 4 bytePreamble SFD DA SA TPI

DTCI Type

LengthDATA CRC

TCI Tag Control Information field including user priority, Canonical format indicator and VLAN ID.

USER priority 3-bit binary number representing 8 priority levels 0-7. CFI Canonical form indicator. VID VLAN identifier. Uniquely identifies the VLAN to which the frame belongs. Length/Type Indicate either the MAC client data bites or the frame type ID if frame is assembled using optional

format DATA Sequence of n byte for any value. Frame check sequence contains a 32 byte CRC

3 4 8bit

User priority CFI VID

VID

VLAN membership• Static vlans

• Dynamic vlans

VLAN Implementation Benefits

Improved Administration Efficiency Virtual Groups Reduction of Routing for Broadcast

Containment Enhanced Network Security

Creating workgroups

Access users within the same department team for short term projects

security users may work on sensitive information

which should not be seen by other users

traffic When there are a lot of broadcast traffic

between them

`

Sachin_bansal26@yahoo.com

MCA III Roll NO 30Panjab university

What is Virtual Reality?Virtual reality is a medium composed of interactive computer simulations that sense the participant’s position and actions and replace or augment the

feedback to one or more senses, giving the feeling of being mentally

immersed or present in the simulation (a virtual world)

Virtual Reality Experience

the user is effectively immersed in a responsive virtual world

user dynamic control of viewpoint

Control becomes an important element of VR systems

Differentiates VR from books and movies (or watching moves in HMD)

Key Elements of Virtual Reality Experience

• Virtual World - content of a given medium

– screen play, script, etc.

– actors performing the play allows us to experience the virtual world

– sensation of being in an environment

Mental immersion – suspension of disbelief

Physical immersion – bodily entering the medium

Related to presence – (mentally immersed) the participant’s sensation of being in the virtual environment (Slater)

IMMERSION

Sensory Feedback• – information about the virtual world is

presented to the participant’s senses

– Visual (most common)

– Audio

– Haptic & Tactile

Walking Experiment

Haptic Interface for Surgery Training

VEST: Virtual Endoscopic Surgery Training

Simulation Scene

Haptic instrument interface box

INTERACTIVITY

– the virtual world responds to the user’s actions.

Computer makes this possible Real-time

Think virtual do real

VR Technological requirements

Real-time 3D rendering hardware and high-quality stereo sound

Specific input and output devices simulating and stimulating human sense

Software to simulate virtual environments that, combined with the hardware, allows the immediate response to the user actions

Types of Virtual Reality

• Augmented Reality (Mixed Reality)

• Telepresence

• Classical Simulation Environments

Augmented Reality

• A combination of a real scene viewed by a user and a virtual scene generated by a computer that augments the scene with additional information.

Telepresence

– The use of various technologies to produce the effect of placing the user in another location.

Classical Simulation

• Classical simulation is a mix of real objects and computer generated stimuli.

VR DEVICES

VR Tracking Manipulation and control devices:

Keeps track of real world items (hand or head)

Position Tracking:

Keeps track of objects in the real world that interact with the user

CAVE Cave Automatic Virtual Environment

Provides the illusion of immersion by projecting stereo images on the walls and floor of a room-sized cube.

A head tracking system continuously adjust the stereo projection to the current position of the leading viewer.

Control Devices

– Control virtual objects in 3 dimensions.

HMD

Head-Mounted Display

A Helmet or a face mask providing the visual and auditory displays.

Use LCD or CRT to display stereo images

May include built-in head-tracker and stereo headphones

BOOM Binocular Omni-Orientation Monitor

Head-coupled stereoscopic display device. Uses CRT to provide high-resolution display. Convenient to use. Fast and accurate built-in tracking.

AMD

Arm Mounted Display

Like a HMD but mounted on an articulated arm

Mostly use CRT technology Simplifies tracking of user

VRD

Virtual Retinal Displays

Scans images directly onto the retina

Still in the research stage Offers potential for high resolution and good field of view

Head Tracking

We can see new views of virtual worlds as we turn our heads.

When moves the head, the scene changes accordingly, just as in real life

Three-dimensional depth perception is created by “stereoscopy,” where slightly different views of the same image appear to each eye.

VR Glove

By wearing this Glove we can see our hand in the virtual world, enabling

them to pick up and manipulate objects Provide a new, natural way to

interact and communicate with the computer

SHUTTER GLASSESShutter glasses allow displaying stereo computer images usingthe existing monitor

The display alternates rapidly between the left and right eye images.

Each eye only saw the image intended for it by opening a shutter in front of the eye when its image is being displayed.

Shutter glasses typically use electronic shutters made with liquid crystals.

The shutters would have to be synchronized to the display.

VIRTUAL REALITY: WHY?

VR enables to discover the world through a sense and motion

learning process, more natural for human beings than the symbolic reconstructive way (i.e.. writing).

If you can see things and experiment with objects youcan learn in an easier and more entity

Applications Of VR

Entertainment – More vivid– More exciting– More attractive

Medicine

Practice performing surgery. Perform surgery on a remote patient. Teach new skills in a safe, controlled

environment.

Manufacturing

– Easy to modify– Low cost– High efficient

Education & Training

– Driving simulators.– Flight simulators.– Ship simulators.– Tank simulators.

VIRTUAL REALITY: TRAINING

VR is already being used in to teach people how to use expensive equipment, or when the cost of a mistake in Reality is very high.

• aircraft simulators to train pilots

• military flight simulators

• medicine (virtual surgery)

• virtual therapy (phobias)

VIRTUAL REALITY: PROTOTYPES

Reduce the need for physical prototype.

Improve product ergonomics and functionality.

Provide manufacturing with early access to product details.

Collaborative design.

Increase understanding of complex 3D assemblies starting from CAD systems

Provide an effective way to present product configuration and aesthetics.

VR VISUALISATION

SPATIAL VISUALISATION:

VR provides intuitive ways for exploring 3D environments.

It Can solve problems such as factory construction or reorganization:

• overall efficiency

• machine accessibility

• health and safety

• services etc.

SCIENTIFIC VISUALISATION

The greatest impact of virtual reality will have on science i.e. how it will change our way of thinking.

Virtual reality encourages viewers to be participants immersed inthe data rather than passive observers watching from a distance.

By thinking of some scientific problems as environments for the first time now insight gained.

`

MCA III Roll NO 15

Isfindiar_pumca@yahoo.co.in