ד״סב תמשנ sukkah: dofen akumah - kollel boker zichron …€¦ · · 2014-02-26sukkah:...
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בס״ד מנח בן שרה נשמת לעילוי
Sukkah: Dofen Akumah Perek 1. Daf 4-‐A & 17-‐A
1.-‐ Mishna 17-‐A: “If [the roof of] a house is breached and he placed a sukkah covering over it…”
1.1. Less than 4 amos è OK because of Dofen Akumah Why? What’s the definition of Dofen Akumah?
2.-‐ Explanation of Dofen Akuma according to Rashi on 17-‐A (Pesulah…): 2.1 First Explanation: 2.1.1 DeChashvinan Lschach Kehilu MinHadofen The wall and the roof combine (the end of the roof is the meeting place of the wall and the schach) i.e. the wall has an inclination of 90 degrees
2.1.2 UBeAvira Leika Lememar ¤My question… why not Gud Asik? è Possible answer according to the Ritva can’t combine 2 principles
2.1.3 Conclusion: Since the invalid material is part of the wall there’s no disqualifying separation between the wall and the schach, however one cannot fulfill the mitzvah living beneath the invalid material 2.2 Second Explanation: 2.2.1 VEEni Mefaresh
Rashi rejects the possibility that Dofen Akumah means that is like we view the wall slanting at a diagonal angle, towards the schach... DeIm ken name gam gave avir neima achi!
3.-‐ Gemara 4-‐A: “Bana itzteva… UMinHatzad..” 3.1 From the edge of the platform to the opposite wall < 4 amos è OK because of Dofen Akumah 3.2 What’s the chidush (we learned in the Mishna 17-‐A)? è In 17-‐A the walls are ok (less than 20 amos) in 4-‐A we could say since the walls are more than 20 amos maybe Dofen Akumah does not apply, kamashmalan that yes! (Rashi)
¤My question…why the baraita is not the Mishna?, it’s a bigger chidush! 4.-‐ Explanation of Dofen Akumah according to Rashi on 4-‐A (Pachot…): 4.1 We view the schach raised above 20 amos as a continuation of the wall bent in a 90 degree angle. i.e. The roof become an extension of the wall.
Figure A
Figure B
Figure C
4.2 The Ritva brings another explanation found in other Rishonim (Ran, Maggid Mishna) but not printed in the Gemara: Rashi explains that the opposite wall is bent diagonally towards the platform, so the entire sukka become valid! So one could sit under the schach that is above 20 amos. This opinion is similar to the one Rashi rejected (2.2). The Ritva brings another interpretation according to Tosfos similar to Rashi (4.1) 5.-‐ The Rambam on 4-‐A versus 17-‐A 5.1 On the case of 4-‐A (Sukkah higher than 20 amos) Dofen Akumah means that we view the walls as touching the bench, and the distance from the bench to the schach is less than 20 amos (similar to what the Ritva brings in the name of Rashi in 4.2 figure D) 5.2 On the case of 17-‐A (Roof of a house) Dofen Akumah means the wall has been made crooked (bent 90 degrees), so the bricks in the ceiling (not valid as schach) are considered part of the wall (similar to our Rashi and to what the Ritva brings in the name of Tosfos see 2.1.1 figure A) 5.3. Can we eat outside the bench? The way the Kesef Mishe learn the RAMBAM, no!, he says the RAMBAM maybe goes like the RAN against Rashi in regard to the comparison with the overhang and our case. But… Why the Rambam does not say on 17-‐A like on 4-‐A (figure E)?
Figure E
Because there that part of the ceiling (see arrow) is not valid as schach!
6.-‐ The Shulcham HaRuch cites both cases of Dofen Akumah. He rules (632:1) that one should not sleep under the Dofen Akumah, if it is more than 4 TEFACHIM in wide (less than 4 Tefachim of schach pasul or less than 3 Tefachim of air are allowed in the schach).
PURIM KATAN SAMEACH!
Figure D
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