militarism alliances imperialism nationalism

MILITARISM

ALLIANCES

IMPERIALISM

NATIONALISM

PROMISESMADE TO BACK EACHOTHER UP

“TEAMS” AREFORMED

NEED FOR LAND, COLONIES, NEW MARKETS AND

RESOURCES

LOVE OF COUNTRY WANTING THEIR COUNTRY TO

BE THE BEST, STRONGEST, RICHEST, MOST POWERFUL!

Nationalism means an “excessive love of your country”.

Excessive or fanatical devotion to a nation and its interests, often associated with a belief that one country is superior to all others

Excessive patriotism in one’s country. Nationalists believe that their interests, cultural and social values, or religion is superior to all others on the planet.

Patriotism - Pride in one’s country and pride in the accomplishments or achievements of one’s country.

Europe has had 100 Years of Peace…

THE STORY BEGINS IN EUROPE…1914

Austrian archduke Franz Ferdinand is killed by a Serbian terrorist.

ARCHDUKE FERDINAND OF AUSTRIA-HUNGARY IS ASSASSINATED

WAR BEGINS!

What happened after the archduke was shot? › Austria-Hungary sent an ultimatum to Serbia-

with explicit directions of what they needed to do to avoid war.

› Serbia complied with most, but not all demands.

› Austria-Hungary had the excuse they needed to start war - and they did!

› June 28 - Assassination› July 28- Declaration of war-1 month to the day.)

 Who started the war?

This might have just been a short summer war….however, it is said that Austria would have never gone to war without the knowledge that Germany was behind her. When giving advice - Germany did not issue restraint on Austria's part but rather gave them a "blank check."

  Russia urged control on Austria's side,

but when it looked as if a war was going to start …Russia started mobilizing its troops

Germany saw this and declared war on Russia.

France gave a "blank check" to Russia Germany warned then not to, they did not

listen. Germany declared war on France  By August the lines were drawn… and

the first world war had begun.

What do you think?

Germany knew that France wanted revenge - so it signed an alliance with Austria-Hungary. In 1882 they formed a triple alliance with Italy, which became known as the Central Powers.

GERMANY, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ITALY  In 1904, France and England signed a

treaty, and later England (Britain) signed one with Russia. When war began these powers became known as the Allied Powers.

FRANCE, ENGLAND, RUSSIA

It is interesting that years earlier a German general had made a plan of attack on France…just in case. (He realized he had Russia on the right and France on the left.)So, they quickly executed (carried out) the plan which required Germany to march over and through Belgium and take over France.

Britain and Belgium had an agreement that Britain would protect Belgium in case of an attack.

Britain became enraged and declared war on Germany.

Germany’s attack on Belgium (neutral country) lead Great Britain into the war.

One out of four did not return and of those that did many were maimed and injured.

The German plan did not work as well as they thought.

Russia mobilized quicker than expected Britain joined in to help. The Battle or Marne- pushed Germany

back and then they settled in their trenches. Battle lines in France remained almost the same for four years

Germans started by digging trenches. Poison Gas-Blind, choke or burn

victims (p. 385) Rapid fire machine guns Tanks (p.378) Aircraft (p. 387) Trenches Flying bullets, bombs and grenades

Q.1bHow did the technological developments during WWI affect trench warfare?

Q.2a How did civilians support the war effort?

Q2b How did Total War affect life on the home front?

Battle of Verdun-Left both France and Germany weakened.

Battle of Somme-Lost many troops and left countries weakened. No gains made.

Battle of Gallipoli- Many deaths -Allies gave up.

Armenian Massacre Japan captured German

colonies in China and Pacific

German Colonies in Africa are attacked

Russian Revolution

CRUSHED GERMANY

BLAMED GERMANY FOR WAR

GERMANY HAD TO REPARATIONS ($$$)

STRIPPED GERMANY OF ALL ITS COLONIES

LIMITED THEIR MILITARYLOST TERRITORY

GERMANY WAS HUMILIATED

GERMANY WAS ANGRY

GERMANY WAS BROKE

GERMANY WAS DESPERATE

GERMANY WANTED ITS LAND BACK

#2GERMANY

WAS CRUSHED

#4 WWII HAPPENED!