each year, researchers report more than 15,000 new species they estimate there are 8.7 million...

CLASSIFICATION

How many species???

Each year, researchers report more than 15,000 new species

They estimate there are 8.7 million species on the planet, plus or minus 1.3 million

Taxonomy

• Branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on studies of their different characteristics.

The Diversity of Life has Unity

All living things have cell All living things have DNA or RNA

Carolus Linnaeus Father of modern taxonomy

Rules of Binomial Nomenclature

Genus First Word Capitalized Underlined or italicized

Ex. Acer or Acer

Rules of Binomial Nomenclature

Specific Epithet (species)

Second Word Lower case Underline or italicized

Ex. lubricoides or lubricoides

Examples

Homo sapiens Homo sapiens

If you are writing it by hand it MUST be Underlined

Taxon’s

categories of organisms grouped by similar characteristics

Kingdoms – broadest category (6 kingdoms currently)

Species – most specific category

Species –organism that can reproduce and create viable offspring

Viable means offspring that can also reproduce

Exceptions- mule or zebroid

Classification levels

Taxon 

Classification of Man

Reasons For Classification

Taxon 

Classification of Man

Reasons For Classification

Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole 

Taxon 

Classification of Man

Reasons For Classification

Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole 

Phylum Chordate backbone 

Taxon 

Classification of Man

Reasons For Classification

Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole 

Phylum Chordate backbone 

Class Mammal Hair, live birth 

Taxon 

Classification of Man

Reasons For Classification

Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole 

Phylum Chordate backbone 

Class Mammal Hair, live birth 

Order Primates Walk upright 

Taxon 

Classification of Man

Reasons For Classification

Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole 

Phylum Chordate backbone 

Class Mammal Hair, live birth 

Order Primates Walk upright 

Family Homidae Man like 

Taxon 

Classification of Man

Reasons For Classification

Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole 

Phylum Chordate backbone 

Class Mammal Hair, live birth 

Order Primates Walk upright 

Family Homidae Man like 

Genus Homo Man 

Taxon 

Classification of Man

Reasons For Classification

Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole 

Phylum Chordate backbone 

Class Mammal Hair, live birth 

Order Primates Walk upright 

Family Homidae Man like 

Genus Homo Man 

Species sapiens Like 

You are responsible for learning this chart

Pneumonic device to learn classification system and human

Kings Play Cards On Fridays Generally Speaking

Kevin Please Come Over For Great Soup

You may use one of these or make you own

Create one for the classification of Man

A___________C___________M___________P___________H___________H___________ S____________

GROUP NAME

ORGANISM

HUMAN CHIMPANZEE HOUSE CAT LION HOUSEFLY

KINGDOM Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia

PHYLUM Chordate Chordate Chordate Chordate Arthropoda

CLASS Mammal Mammal Mammal Mammal Insect

ORDER Primates Primates Carnivora Carnivora Diptera

FAMILY Hominidae Pongidae Felidae Felidae Muscidae

GENUS Homo Pan Felis Felis Musca

SPECIES sapiens troglodytes domestica Leo domestica

Scientific Name Homo sapiens Pan troglodytes Felis domestica Felis leo Musca domestica

Which to organisms are closer related???

TAXONOMY Started out with 2

categoriesPlant or

Animal

HAD A 3 -> 4 -> 5 -> NOW USE A 6 Kingdom system of Classification

1 – Eubacteria 2 – Archeabacteria 3 – Protista 4 - Fungi 5 - Plant 6 – Animal

It may change to an 8 or 12 kingdom but right now it remains a 6 kingdom system

Eubacteria

Bacteria that live in extreme environments

Prokaryotes Examples Swamps, hydrothermal vents,

seawater evaporating ponds

Archeabacteria

all other types of bacteria Prokaryotes Most are harmless but some may cause

disease

Protista

Eukaryotes Characteristics of both plant and animal Examples algae, protozoa, and slime

molds

Fungi

Eukaryotes No chlorophyll cannot make own food Heterotrophs Mushrooms

Plantae

Multicellular eukaryotes Photosynthetic Nonmotile

Animalia

Multicellular eukaryotes Heterotrophs Usually mobile Most have a nervous system