COROMANDEL INTERNATIONAL LTD VISAKHAPATNAMSTANDARDS AND PROCEDURES FOR EXECUTION OF JOBS ON AMMONIA PIPELINESPrepared by Inspection Department

_______________(S. RAMAKRISHNA, Asst. Manager- Inspection)

_______________(V. JAYSANKAR, Sr. Manager- Maint.)

________________(G. S.N. REDDY, Vice president - Mfg)

Date: 10th May 2010

INDEXS. No.1 2 3 4 Scope General guidelines FAQs Valves Forged SS304 Globe Valves specifications Cast SS304 Globe Valves specifications Cast SS304 Gate Valves specifications Cast SS304 Swing Check Valves specifications LTCS Pipes & Pipe Fittings LTCS pipes specification LTCS Weld-Neck RF Flanges specification LTCS Weld-Neck LT(Large Tongue) Flanges specification LTCS Weld-Neck LG(Large Groove) Flanges specification LTCS Butt Weld End Elbows specification LTCS Butt Weld End Tees specification LTCS Butt Weld End Concentric Reducers specification LTCS Butt Weld End Eccentric Reducers specification LTCS Butt Weld End Caps specification SS304 Pipes & Pipe Fittings SS304 pipes specification SS304 Weld-Neck RF Flanges specification SS304 Weld-Neck LT(Large Tongue) Flanges specification SS304 Weld-Neck LG(Large Groove) Flanges specification SS304 Socket-Weld RF Flanges specification SS304 Socket-Weld LT(Large Tongue) Flanges specification SS304 Socket-Weld LG(Large Groove) Flanges specification SS304 Butt Weld End Elbows specification SS304 Butt Weld End Tees specification SS304 Butt Weld End Concentric Reducers specification SS304 Butt Weld End Eccentric Reducers specification SS304 Half-Couplings (Socket-Weld End) specification SS304 Couplings (Socket-Weld End) specification SS304 Reducing Couplings (Socket-Weld End) specification SS304 Half-Couplings (Screwed End) specification SS304 Couplings (Screwed Ends) specification SS304 Reducing Couplings (Screwed Ends) specification SS304 Elbows 90 (Socket-Weld Ends) specification SS304 Elbows 90 (Screwed Ends) specification

Description

Page No.1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6 .18 6.19

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SS304 Tees (Socket-Weld End) specification SS304 Reducing Tees (Socket-Weld End) specification SS304 Tees (Screwed End) specification SS304 Reducing Tees (Screwed End) specification SS304 Caps (Socket-Weld End) specification SS304 Caps (Screwed End) specification SS304 Pipe Nipples (Both End Threaded) specification SS304 Pipe Nipples (One End Threaded) specification 7 Studs, Bolts and Nuts LTCS Bolt With Nut specification LTCS Stud With Nuts specification Heavy Hex Nuts Dimensions SS304 Bolt With Nut specification Gaskets Spiral Wound Gaskets specifications Quality Assurance Plan (QAP) & Welding Procedures QAP information LTCS pipes Butt Welding Procedure SS304 pipes Butt Welding Procedure SS304 Pipe to SS304 Socket-Welding Procedures CS or LTCS to SS304 Socket-Welding Procedures Pipeline Supports Pipeline Supports information

6.20 6.21 6.22 6.23 6.24 6.25 6.26 6.27 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 8.0 8.1 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 10.0 10.1

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1.0

SCOPE This booklet is intended to provide information and guidelines for performing mechanical jobs on ammonia service pipelines. It contains the details of: General guidelines FAQs on Ammonia piping jobs Specifications of valves, pipes and pipe fittings, gaskets and fasteners. Quality assurance plan, welding procedures to be followed starting of jobs and during execution of jobs Regarding specifications, most of the items have been covered. Any thing specifically not found, may be intimated to inspection dept., which can be incorporated time to time. Original copies are available with Unit head, Head-Operations, HODProjects, HOD-Maint., Inspection Dept. and Drafting section. Photostat copies are available with Training Dept;, Manager prior to

Maintenance - AAST, Complex; Section Head Operations - AAST, Complex; AGM(SHE); Section Head (Instrumentation).

Any queries, further information and suggestions can be posted to jaysankarv@coromandel.murugappa.com ramakrishnas@coromandel.murugappa.com

2.0

GENERAL GUIDELINES Procurement Stage Cormandel-Vizag has created separate material codes in SAP and storage locations in warehouse for Ammonia service spares Concerned engineer / manager shall raise the Purchase requisition by providing all specifications and details (Details are available in Material code A001). If any items are not found in the material master, the required ordering specifications are to be obtained from Inspection department. After receiving the offers from suppliers, the offers shall be sent to inspection dept. for scrutiny and confirmation of the required specification and standards. After getting due authorization from inspection dept , the concerned manager shall forward the recommendation to HOD and get the approval and forward it to purchase After receipt of materials in warehouse, inspection dept shall check and confirm all the specifications , test certificates etc., and accept / reject the materials , based on the findings Rejection report shall be sent to rejection. Purchase dept actions In any case, rejected material shall not be issued to plant for use. Accepted materials shall be binned at separate storage locations in warehouse (0084) In case of valves, all 300# class valves shall be hydraulically tested at 75Kg/cm2 for body and 50Kg/cm2 for seat at our test bench, in presence of inspection dept and records to be maintained. warehouse, indicating the reason of and take suitable

shall inform the party

2.1

Do not use any

materials / valves which does not bear proper

specifications/ identifications / available in other storage location other than 0084 Retention period of all records related ammonia services shall be life long

GENERAL GUIDELINES Execution stage: Confirm that proper drawings are available for fabrication of lines Confirm that all required PSMS Procedures are followed Get QAP from inspection dept and strictly follow the procedure. Offer for inspection at every stages of fabrication and execution as per QAP Engage certified / recognized qualified welders Care has to be taken about the usage of correct welding electrodes. Approved welding electrodes shall be used. Preferably all fasteners up to shall be of SS304 and above shall be of LTCS

3.0

FAQsQ 1. A 1. What is LTCS? LTCS (Low Temperature Carbon Steel) is a general term using in industry for denoting CARBON STEEL materials used for LOW TEMPERATURE (sub-zero temperature) applications.

Q 2.

If I say LTCS pipe, LTCS flange, LTCS valve and placed a procurement request, will I get the right material? You may not get. There are many specifications and grades are available for low temperature applications. You have to specify the required material specification and grade. For example SA333 is the specification of Carbon Steel Pipe for Low Temperature applications. In this SA333, there exists Grade 1 to 6 depending on their variation in properties. In our plant, we are mostly using SA333Gr.6 for pipes. Check the correct material specification and then order.

A 2.

Q 3.

Up to what sub-zero temperature, LTCS pipe specified as SA333Gr.6 can be used? (-)46 C.

A 3.

Q 4.

We are using CS pipes SA106Gr.B for most of our applications. Can I use this SA106Gr.B pipe for Ammonia at (-)33 C? No. SA106Gr.B is not intended for using at (-)33 C.

A 4.

Q 5.

I found SA333Gr.6 pipe and SA106Gr.6 pipe chemical composition and mechanical properties are almost matching, except with minor deviations. What does make SA333 different from SA106? Heat treatment makes the difference. SA333 grade pipes are subjected controlled heat treatment for achieving refined grains which imparts impact strength at low temperatures. SA333 material specification thrusts on heat treatment for achieving refined grains. Whereas SA106 specifications does not speaks about grain refinement. Also, one major requirements of SA333Gr.6 material is, it should pass Charpy V-notch Impact test at (-)46 Whereas SA10 6 specification does not C. requires impact strength requirements.

A 5.

Q 6. A.6

What is the significance of this impact strength at low temperature? At sub-zero temperatures, materials tend to become brittle and unable resist shock loads and stress concentrations. Impact strength is a one property that determines the capability of a material to absorb energy before it fails suddenly. In general, up

3.1

to (-)50 applications, carbon steels will be heat treated to achieve desired impact C strength values. Still below temperatures, like cryogenics applications, alloying elements like Ni will be added or SS300 series materials will used.

Q 7.

I need to change a pipeline. As per design specification, it is SA333Gr.6 Sch.40. Presently I dont have SA333Gr.6 Sch.40 pipe, but I am readily having SA106Gr.B Sch.80 pipe (i.e., higher thickness CS pipe). Can I use it? No. At low-temperatures, material structure tends to change from ductile to brittle. Thickness doesnt help when structure changes. Use only specified pipe.

A 7.

Q 8.

LTCS pipes are affected to corrosion. What is the best alternate material for ammonia at -33 C? SS304. It is resistant to external corrosive environments and also it doesnt require any further impact testing. Codes are permitted to use SS304 pipes up to (-)250 C, without conducting actual impact test.

A 8.

Q 9. A 9.

What is a WCB valve WCB is the general short form used in industries for ASTM A216Gr.WCB : Specification of Cast Carbon Steel Valves for High Temperature Service

Q 10. Can I use WCB valve for (-)33 Liquid Ammoni a service ? If Not, why? C A 10. No. You should not use WCB valves for (-)33 Liquid Ammonia service. The C reason is Some carbon steels, may undergo a decrease in ductility when used at low temperatures to such an extent, which are unable to safely resist shock loads, sudden change of stress, or high stress concentration. If any flaw or discontinuities present in the material, the failure may be sudden and brittle fractures. WCB specification materials are not intended for use at Low temperature applications. Hence WCB valves are NOT recommended for services at (-)33 C

Q 11. We have a pipeline in our plant which is normally operating below (-)33 Can I C. use a WCB valve? A 11. Check the design specifications in the drawing. Use the specified MOC valve only. Your line temperature in normal operation may be above zero temperature, but you dont know, the line may be subjected to (-)33 in abnormal conditions. So, C always look for the original design specifications mentioned in the drawing by the designer or follow the HAZOP study recommendations with respect to material of constructions, if the line is laid by in-house team.

3.2

Q 12. Which MOC should I use for valves for (-)33 service? C A 12. (1) In Carbon Steel Category: Forged Valves Cast Valves (2) In Stainless Steel Category: Forged Valves Cast Valves LF2 Grade LCB grade F304 Grade CF8 grade

Q 13. What are LF2 and LCB materials? A 13. LF2 is short form of forged valves specifications - ASTM A350Gr.LF2 and LCB is short form of cast valves specification - ASTM A352Gr.LCB for using at Low Temperature Service up to (-)46 C

Q 14. What is the difference between WCB and LCB? A 14. WCB is specification for valves using at high temperature service, whereas LCB is the specification for valves using at Low temperature service.

Q 15. I have seen the chemical composition & mechanical properties of WCB and LCB, both are almost matching except with minor deviations. What makes it different for use at low temperature? A 15. Heat treatment makes the difference. LCB material is having refined grains which gives impact strength at low temperature. LCB material specification thrusts on the heat treatment for achieving refined grains. Whereas WCB specifications dose not speaks about grain refinement. Also, one major requirements of LCB material is, it should pass Charpy V-notch Impact test at (-)46 Whereas WCB specification C. does not requires impact strength requirements.

Q 16. Up to what sib-zero temperature, LCB valve can be used? A 16. (-)46 But it should contain the all test c ertificates as per code requirement. C.

Q 17. If the external environment conditions are bad, is LCB materials corrode? A 17. Yes. LCB is also a type of carbon steel; it will be affected to corrosion if the external environment is corrosive.

Q 18. Can you suggest a best material that can withstand liquid ammonia at (-)33 and C also resistant to external corrosion? A 18. Best option is SS304 material.

3.3

Q 19. What is CF8 & CF8M A 19. CF8 is the short form used in industries for Cast SS304 valves. Full specification is ASTM A351Gr.CF8 CF8M is the short form used in industry for Cast SS316 valves. Full specification is ASTM A351Gr.CF8M

Q 20. Up to what sub-zero temperature, can I use SS304? A 20. (-)250 C

Q 21. Is SS304 material also required Impact testing requirement? A 21. Impact testing is not required for SS304 materials. You can directly use for low temperature applications up to (-)250 Because of fully-austenitic-phase exists in C. the SS304 materials, it does not turn to brittle structure at low temperature as in the case of carbon steels. As per ASME B31.3-Process Piping Code, SS304 cast valves (termed as CF8) can be used up to -425 (-250C), without impact t esting. F

Q 22. I dont have 300# LCB or SS304 valve, but I have 300# ALLOY-20 & CD4MCu valves, which are superior metallurgy and high corrosion resistance than SS304. Can I use these valves? A 22. No. Alloy20 and CD4MCu are not permitted to use in Ammonia service because of the following reasons: (a) Because Copper(Cu) corrodes in ammonia service, copper based alloys or copper content materials are prohibited in ammonia service. Alloy-20 and CD4MCu consists of copper. Hence they are not permitted to use in ammonia service (b) Alloy-20 and CD4MCu valves are intended for use in Sulfuric and Phosphoric acid corrosive environments. No history/data is known about its performance in Ammonia service. Hence do not use Alloy-20 and CD4MCu materials in wet sections of ammonia.

Q 23. What pressure rating (or pressure class) I have to use for Ammonia Service A 23. 300#

Q 24. Why only 300#? Why not 150#? A 24. Most of our Ammonia pipelines are designed for 27.5 or 32.5Kg/cm2 pressure. As per ASME B16.34 pressure-temperature ratings for valves; Working pressure of 300# CF8 valve is 50.5kg/cm2(49.6Bar) and Working pressure of 150# CF8 valve is 19.4Kg/cm2 (19.0Bar). So, 300# pressure rating is mandatory.

3.4

Q 25. I want to procure valves, pipes and pipe fittings for ammonia service. How? A 25. Coromandel-Vizag has created separate material master in SAP for ammonia service spares. You can directly retrieve the material code and place an order against your requirement. If any items are not found, consult inspection department for necessary ordering specifications

Q 26. I want to take small bore tapping such as drain, vent on the main pipe. How? A 26. We can take tapping by welding a Half-coupling on main pipe. Proper fit-up shall be followed for these take-off points. Size of the tapping shall be below half-the size of main pipe. For example, on 2 main pipe, we can take direct tapping by welding a or 3000# half-coupling. Suppose if we want to take a 1 size tapping, then increase the size of this 2 main pipe to 3 at this location by providing 2x3 eccentric reducer + 3 small pipe length + 2x3 eccentric reducer. On the 3 small pipe length, 1 size tapping can be taken.

Q 27. By providing reinforcement pads, can I bigger size tapping on pipelines? A 27. Reinforcement pads will be given on pressure vessels or shells for taking piping tappings. Normally on pipes, reinforcement pads are not recommended. Standard tee(T) shall be used for any tapping on pipelines.

Q 28. What is the importance of anchor support and sliding supports with reference to movement of piping at low temperature? A 28. As per piping stress analysis, supports location and type will be determined. Anchor supports are for restricting the movement of pipeline in both axial and transverse directions. Sliding or Guide supports are meant for allowing the movement of pipeline in axial direction.

Q 29. Can we do cold bend on the small piping (to be done on Sch.80 pipe only) and what type of inspection to be done after that? A 29. Cold bending involves extension of grains on outer surface and compression of grains on inner surface. Wall thinning and ovality shall be taken care for cold bending. Wall thickness measurement, ovality in OD measurement and Dyepenetrant test of elongated surface is to be carried out. Wall thickness shall not be below 87.5% of nominal wall thickness. Ovality shall be within 12%. Instead of cold bending, 45 or 90 Elbow welding may be opted.

3.5

Q 30. The pitting repair by metallic putty can be up to how much depth? What is the best recommended putty? A 30. In pit location, the effective remaining thickness of pipe shall not be below the retirement thickness calculated against design conditions as per ASME B31.3. Metallic putties do not give any mechanical strength but protect the pipeline from further deterioration due to corrosion. Heavily pitted pipelines shall be replaced. Mechanical putties from M/s Devcon, M/s Stanvac, M/s Belzona are found satisfactory.

Q 31. What visual inspection to be done on PUF insulated pipe? A 31. If any voids or gaps are present in the PUF insulation, the area will be sweated or ice-formed during operation. Over a period of time, algae(moss) will be formed on pipeline.

Q 32. What is QAP? What it contains? How it helps in achieving desired quality of job? A 32. QAP - Quality Assurance Plan contains various requirements and inspections in each stage of the fabrication process. Majorly it contains: (1) Materials stage Ensures right materials with proper identifcations, mateial test certifciates are going into process. (2) Wedling procedures Ensures approved WPS(Welding Procedure Specification) is following (3) Welder qualifications Ensures qualified welders are employed for the job (4) Inspections/NDT Ensures the production welds are defect free and witnessing hydro/pneumatic tests etc. By following QAP, we can achieve quality in every stage.

Q 33. I know a welder who was done many maintenace jobs. Can I use this welder for ammonia lines? A 33. Qualified welder is must for Ammonia pipeline welding jobs. Qualifed welder means he is passed the requirements as per ASME Sec.IX, which has specified the guidelines for welder qualifications with respect to welding process(Arc or TIG), welding electrodes, diameter and thickness of pipe etc. Weldings produced by unqualified welders may wihsand for that particualr time, but you cannot be guaranteed its integrtiy for a long run.

4.0

VALVES

4.1

FORGED SS304 GLOBE VALVES SPECIFICATIONSSizes Pressure class End connections : : : , , 1, 1 800 Socket Weld End

GLOBE VALVE

800# SWE, SS304, Size: ___

Valve Design: BS5352 Body & Bonnet: ASTM A 182Gr.F304 Internals: SS304, Trim SS304 Gasket: Spiral Wound SS304+PTFE, Gland Packing-PTFE Gland & Gland Bolts: SS304 Fasteners: ASTM A193 Gr.B8/ASTM A194 Gr.8 SW Ends as per ASME B16.11 Valve Face to Face Distance: ANSI B16.10 Valve testing BS6755 Part1 Allowable leakage rate-A Service: Liquid Ammonia @ (-) 330 C Valve Test certificates shall be furnished

4.2

CAST SS304 GLOBE VALVES SPECIFICATIONSSizes Pressure class End connections : : : 2, 3, 4 300 Flanged End

GLOBE VALVE SS304, 300# , Size: ___ Valve Design: BS1873 Body & Bonnet: SS304 ASTM A 351Gr.CF8 Internals: SS304, Trim SS304 Gasket: Spiral Wound SS304+PTFE, Gland Packing-PTFE Gland & Gland Bolts: SS304 Fasteners: ASTM A193 Gr.B8/ASTM A194Gr.8 RF Flange ASME B16.5, Flange End to End Distance: ANSI B16.10 Valve testing BS6755 Part1 Allowable leakage rate A. Service: Liquid Ammonia @ (-) 330 C Valves Test Certificates shall be furnished

4.3

CAST SS304 GATE VALVES SPECIFICATIONSSizes Pressure class End connections : : : 2, 3, 4 300 Flanged End

GATE VALVE SS304, 300 #, Size: __ Valve Design: API 600 OS&Y, Rising stem and non-rising hand wheel Bolted bonnet, Flexible Disc Body & Bonnet: SS304 ASTM A 351Gr.CF8, Internals: SS304, Trim SS304 Gasket: Spiral Wound SS304+PTFE, Gland Packing-PTFE Fasteners: ASTM A193 Gr.B8/ASTM A194Gr.8 RF Flange ASME B16.5, Flange End to End Distance: ANSI B16.10 Valve testing standard API 598 Service: Liquid Ammonia @ (-) 330 C Valves Test Certificates shall be furnished

4.4

CAST SS304 SWING CHECK VALVES SPECIFICATIONSSizes Pressure class End connections : : : 2, 3, 4 300 Flanged End

SWING CHECK VALVE SS304, 300 #, Size: __ Valve Design: BS1868 Bolted Cover, Swing Type Disc Body & Cover: ASTM A351Gr.CF8 Disc: ASTM A351Gr.CF8 Body seat/Disc seat: SS304 All internals: SS304 Fasteners: ASTM A193 Gr.B8/ASTM A194Gr.8 Cover Gasket: Spiral wound SS304+PTFE RF Flange ASME B16.5, Flange End to End Distance: ANSI B16.10 Valve testing BS6755 Part1 Allowable leakage rate C Service: Liquid Ammonia @ (-) 330 C Valves Test Certificates shall be furnished

5.0

LTCS PIPES AND PIPE FITTINGS

5.1

LTCS PIPES SPECIFICATIONSizes: NB x Sch.80 NB x Sch.80 1NB x Sch.80 1 NB x Sch.80 2NB x Sch.80, Bevelled Ends 3NB x Sch.40, Bevelled Ends 4NB x Sch.40, Bevelled Ends 6NB x Sch.40, Bevelled Ends 8NB x Sch.40, Bevelled Ends 16NB x Sch.30, Bevelled Ends

Specification: Pipe Seamless SA333Gr.6, Size: ____ Manufacturers material test certificate furnished along with the supply.

shall

be

5.2

LTCS Weld-Neck RF Flanges SPECIFICATIONFlange Type Pressure class Sizes Specification: Flange WN RF 300# Size: __ , SA350Gr.LF2 Class1, ASME B16.5. Flanges shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Test certificates (2) 100% visual inspection (3) Random Dimensional check (4) Witnessing of following tests on randomly selected flange form each LOT/HEAT by destructive testing (a) Chemical analysis (b) Mechanical properties (c) Charpy V-notch Impact Test : : : Weld-Neck RF 300# 1 , 2, 3, 4, 6, 8

5.3

LTCS Weld-Neck LT(Large Tongue) Flanges SPECIFICATIONFlange Type Pressure class Sizes Specification: Flange WN LT(Large Tongue) 300# Size: __ , SA350Gr.LF2 Class1, ASME B16.5. Flanges shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Test certificates (2) 100% visual inspection (3) Random Dimensional check (4) Witnessing of following tests on randomly selected flange form each LOT/HEAT by destructive testing (a) Chemical analysis (b) Mechanical properties (c) Charpy V-notch Impact Test : : : Weld-Neck LT(Large Tongue) 300# 2, 3, 4, 6, 8

5.4

LTCS Weld-Neck LG(Large Groove) Flanges SPECIFICATIONFlange Type Pressure class Sizes Specification: Flange WN LG(Large Groove) 300# Size: __ , SA350Gr.LF2 Class1, ASME B16.5. Flanges shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Test certificates (2) 100% visual inspection (3) Random Dimensional check (4) Witnessing of following tests on randomly selected flange form each LOT/HEAT by destructive testing (a) (b) (c) Chemical analysis Mechanical properties Charpy V-notch Impact Test : : : Weld-Neck LG(Large Groove) 300# 2, 3, 4, 6, 8

5.5

LTCS Butt Weld End Elbows SPECIFICATIONSizes: 1 NB x Sch.80 2NB x Sch.80 3NB x Sch.40 4NB x Sch.40 6NB x Sch.40 8NB x Sch.40 16NB x Sch.30

Specification: Elbow 90 Seamless, Size __, Butt Weld Ends, LR, SA420Gr WPL6, Dimensions as per ASME B16.9. Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Test certificates (2) 100% visual inspection (3) Random Dimensional check (4) Witnessing of following tests on randomly selected elbow form each LOT/HEAT by destructive testing(a) Chemical analysis (b) Mechanical properties (c) Charpy V-notch Impact Test

5.6

LTCS Butt Weld End Tees SPECIFICATIONSizes: 1 NB x Sch.80 2NB x Sch.80 3NB x Sch.40 4NB x Sch.40 6NB x Sch.40 8NB x Sch.40

Specification: Tee Equal Seamless, Size:____, Butt Weld Ends, SA420Gr WPL6, Dimensions as per ASME B16.9. Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Test certificates (2) 100% visual inspection (3) Random Dimensional check (4) Witnessing of following tests on randomly selected elbow form each LOT/HEAT by destructive testing(a) Chemical analysis (b) Mechanical properties (c) Charpy V-notch Impact Test

5.7

LTCS Butt Weld End Concentric Reducers SPECIFICATIONSizes: 1 x 2NB Sch.80 2 x 3 NB Sch.80 2 x 4 NB Sch.80 3 x 4 NB Sch.40

Specification: Reducer Concentric Seamless, Size:____, Bevelled Ends, SA420Gr WPL6, Dimensions as per ASME B16.9. Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Test certificates (2) 100% visual inspection (3) Random Dimensional check (4) Witnessing of following tests on randomly selected elbow form each LOT/HEAT by destructive testing(a) Chemical analysis (b) Mechanical properties (c) Charpy V-notch Impact Test

5.8

LTCS Butt Weld End Eccentric Reducers SPECIFICATIONSizes: 1 x 2NB Sch.80 2 x 3 NB Sch.80 2 x 4 NB Sch.80 3 x 4 NB Sch.40

Specification: Reducer Concentric Seamless, Size:___, Bevelled Ends, SA420Gr WPL6, Dimensions as per ASME B16.9. Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Test certificates (2) 100% visual inspection (3) Random Dimensional check (4) Witnessing of following tests on randomly selected elbow form each LOT/HEAT by destructive testing(a) Chemical analysis (b) Mechanical properties (c) Charpy V-notch Impact Test

5.9

LTCS Butt Weld End Caps SPECIFICATIONSizes: 2NB Sch.80 3NB Sch.40 4NB Sch.40 6NB Sch.40 8NB Sch.40

Specification: Cap Butt Weld End, Seamless, Size:___, Bevelled Ends, SA420Gr WPL6, Dimensions as per ASME B16.9. Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) (2) (3) (4) Review of Manufacturers Test certificates 100% visual inspection Random Dimensional check Witnessing of following tests on randomly selected elbow form each LOT/HEAT by destructive testing(a) Chemical analysis (b) Mechanical properties (c) Charpy V-notch Impact Test

6.0

SS 304 PIPES AND PIPE FITTINGS SPECIFICATIONS

6.1

SS304 PIPES SPECIFICATIONSizes: NB x Sch.80S, NB x Sch.80S 1NB x Sch.40S 1 NB x Sch.40S 2NB x Sch.40S 3NB x Sch.40S 4NB x Sch.40S 6NB x Sch.40S 8NB x Sch.40S

Specification: Pipe Seamless SS304 SA312TP304,Size:______, ASME B36.19. Manufacturers material test certificate shall be furnished along with the supply

6.2

SS304 Weld-Neck RF Flanges SPECIFICATIONFlange Type Pressure class Sizes Specification: Flange SS304 WN RF 300# Sch.40 SA182F304, ASME B16.5, Size:___. Flanges shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : : Weld-Neck RF 300# 1 , 2, 3, 4, 6, 8

6.3

SS304 Weld-Neck LT(Large Tongue) Flanges SPECIFICATIONFlange Type Pressure class Sizes Specification: Flange SS304 WN LT(Large Tongue) 300# Sch.40 SA182F304, ASME B16.5, Size:___. Flanges shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : : Weld-Neck LT(Large Tongue) 300# 1 , 2, 3, 4, 6, 8

6.4

SS304 Weld-Neck LG(Large Groove) Flanges SPECIFICATIONFlange Type Pressure class Sizes Specification: Flange SS304 WN LG(Large Groove) 300# Sch.40 SA182F304, ASME B16.5, Size:___. Flanges shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : : Weld-Neck LG(Large Groove) 300# 1 , 2, 3, 4, 6, 8

6.5

SS304 Socket-Weld RF Flanges SPECIFICATIONFlange Type Pressure class Sizes Specification: Flange SS304 SW RF 300# SA182F304, ASME B16.5, Size:___. Flanges shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : : Socket-Weld RF 300# , , 1, 1

6.6

SS304 Socket-Weld LT(Large Tongue) Flanges SPECIFICATIONFlange Type Pressure class Sizes Specification: Flange SS304 SW LT(Large Tongue) 300# SA182F304, ASME B16.5, Size:___. Flanges shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : : Socket-Weld LT(Large Tongue) 300# , , 1, 1

6.7

SS304 Socket-Weld LG(Large Groove) Flanges SPECIFICATIONFlange Type Pressure class Sizes Specification: Flange SS304 SW LG(Large Groove) 300# SA182F304, ASME B16.5, Size:___. Flanges shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : : Socket-Weld LG(Large Groove) 300# , , 1, 1

6.8

SS304 Butt Weld End Elbows SPECIFICATIONSizes: 1 NB x Sch.40 2NB x Sch.40 3NB x Sch.40 4NB x Sch.40 6NB x Sch.40 8NB x Sch.40

Specification:

Elbow 90 Seamless SS304, Size:____, Butt Weld Ends , LR, SA403WP304, Dimensions as per ASME B16.9. Elbows shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check

6.9

SS304 Butt Weld End Tees SPECIFICATIONSizes: 1 x 1 x 1 NB Sch.40 2 x 2 x 2NB Sch.40 3 x 3 x 3NB Sch.40 4 x 4 x 4NB Sch.40 6 x 6 x 6NB Sch.40 8 x 8 x 8NB Sch.40 2 x 2 x 1NB Sch.40 2 x 2 x 1 NB Sch.40 3 x 3 x 2NB Sch.40 4 x 4 x 3NB Sch.40 4 x 4 x 3NB Sch.40

Specification: Tee Seamless SS304, Size:____, Butt Weld Ends, SA403WP304, Dimensions as per ASME B16.9. Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check

6.10

SS304 Butt Weld End Concentric Reducers SPECIFICATIONSizes : 1 x 2 Sch.40 1 x 2 Sch.40 2 x 3 Sch.40 2 x 4 Sch.40 3 x 4 Sch.40

Specification: Reducer Concentric Seamless SS304, Size:___, Butt Weld Ends, SA403WP304, Dimensions as per ASME B16.9. Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check

6.11

SS304 Butt Weld End Eccentric Reducers SPECIFICATIONSizes : 1 x 2 Sch.40 1 x 2 Sch.40 2 x 3 Sch.40 2 x 4 Sch.40 3 x 4 Sch.40

Specification: Reducer Eccentric Seamless SS304, Size:___, Butt Weld Ends, SA403WP304, Dimensions as per ASME B16.9. Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check

6.12

SS304 Half-Couplings (Socket-Weld End) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating : Sizes Specification: Half-Coupling SS304 Socket-Weld End, 3000#, Size: ____, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : 3000# , , 1, 1

6.13

SS304 Couplings (Socket-Weld End) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating Sizes Specification: Coupling SS304, Socket-Weld End, 3000#, Size: ____, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : 3000# , , 1, 1

6.14

SS304 Reducing Couplings (Socket-Weld End) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating : Sizes : 3000# x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 1 x

Specification: Coupling Reducing SS304 Socket-Weld End, 3000#, Size:___, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check

6.15

SS304 Half-Couplings (Screwed End) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating Sizes Specification: Half-Coupling SS304 Screwed End NPT, 3000#, Size:___, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : 3000# , , 1

6.16

SS304 Couplings (Screwed Ends) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating Sizes Specification: Coupling SS304 Screwed Ends NPT, 3000#, Size:___, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : 3000# , , 1

6.17

SS304 Reducing Couplings (Screwed Ends) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating Sizes : : 3000# x 1 x 1 x

Specification: Coupling Reducing SS304 Screwed Ends NPT, 3000#, Size:___, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check

6.18

SS304 Elbows 90 (Socket-Weld Ends) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating Sizes Specification: Elbow 90 SS304 Socket-Weld End, 3000#, Size:____, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : 3000# , , 1, 1

6.19

SS304 Elbows 90 (Screwed Ends) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating Sizes Specification: Elbow 90 SS304 Screwed End, 3000#, Size:____, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : 3000# , , 1

6.20

SS304 Tees (Socket-Weld End) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating Sizes Specification: Tee Equal SS304 Socket-Weld End, 3000#, Size:____, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : 3000# , , 1, 1

6.21

SS304 Reducing Tees (Socket-Weld End) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating : Sizes : 3000# x x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x

Specification: Tee Reducing SS304 Socket-Weld Ends, 3000#, Size:___, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check

6.22

SS304 Tees (Screwed End) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating Sizes Specification: Tee Equal SS304 Screwed End, 3000#, Size:____, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : 3000# , , 1, 1

6.23

SS304 Reducing Tees (Screwed End) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating : Sizes : 3000# x x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x

Specification: Tee Reducing SS304 Screwed Ends, 3000#, Size:___, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check

6.24

SS304 Caps (Socket-Weld End) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating Sizes Specification: Cap SS304, Socket-Weld End, 3000#, Size:_____, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : 3000# , , 1

6.25

SS304 Caps (Screwed End) SPECIFICATIONPressure Rating Sizes Specification: Cap SS304, Screwed End NPT, 3000#, Size:_____, SA182F304. Dimensions as per ASME B16.11 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection: (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check : : 3000# , , 1

6.26

SS304 Pipe Nipples (Both End Threaded) SPECIFICATIONSizes : Sch.80S Sch.80S 1 Sch.80S

Specification: Pipe Nipple Seamless SS304, Both End Threaded NPT, Size:___, 150mm Long, SA312TP304 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection (1) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates (2) Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) (3) Visual inspection 100% (4) Random Dimensional check

6.27

SS304 Pipe Nipples (One End Threaded) SPECIFICATIONSizes : Sch.80S Sch.80S 1 Sch.80S

Specification: Pipe Nipple Seamless SS304, One End Threaded NPT, Size:___, 150mm Long, SA312TP304 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods or DNV or TUV or BV Scope of 3rd party inspection (1) (2) (3) (4) Review of Manufacturers Material Test Certificates Witnessing 100% PMI (Positive Material Identification) Visual inspection 100% Random Dimensional check

7.0

STUDS BOLTS & NUTS SPECIFICATIONS

7.1

LTCS BOLT WITH NUT SPECIFICATIONSizes : x 2 , x 3" 5/8x3, 5/8x3 , 5/8x4 x 4, x 4

Specification: Hex Bolt with Heavy Hex Nut, Zinc Plating, Size:_____, Material: ASTM A320Gr.L7 / ASTM A194 Gr.4 UNC Full Thread ANSI B1.1 Class 2A&2B, Heavy Nut ANSI B18.2.2 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods/DNV/TUV/BV Scope of 3rd party Inspection for Bolts: As per ASTM A 320Gr.L7 (1) Witnessing Chemical Analysis (2) Witnessing Mech. Properties (UTS,YS,%ELONGATION) (3) Witnessing Charpy V-Notch Impact Test as per standard at minus 101 C (4) Final Visual Inspection, Dimensional check and Stamping of identification L7 Scope of 3rd party Inspection for Nuts: As per ASTM A 194Gr.4 (1) Witnessing Chemical Analysis (2) Witnessing Charpy V-notch Impact test as per standard at minus 101 C (3) Witnessing proof load test (4) Witnessing Hardness test (5) Final Visual Inspection, Dimensional check and Stamping of identification 4

7.2

LTCS STUD WITH NUTS SPECIFICATIONSizes : x 2 , x 3" 5/8x3, 5/8x3 , 5/8x4 x 4, x 4 Specification: Stud with Two Heavy Hex Nuts, Zinc Plating, Size:_____, Material: ASTM A320Gr.L7 / ASTM A194 Gr.4 UNC Full Thread ANSI B1.1 Class 2A&2B, Heavy Nuts ANSI B18.2.2, Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods/DNV/TUV/BV Scope of 3rd party Inspection for Studs: As per ASTM A 320Gr.L7 (1) Witnessing Chemical Analysis (2) Witnessing Mech. Properties (UTS,YS,%ELONGATION) (3) Witnessing Charpy V-Notch Impact Test as per standard at minus 101 C (4) Final Visual Inspection, Dimensional check and Stamping of identification L7 Scope of 3rd party Inspection for Nuts: As per ASTM A 194Gr.4 (1) Witnessing Chemical Analysis (2) Witnessing Charpy V-notch Impact test as per standard at minus 101 C (3) Witnessing proof load test (4) Witnessing Hardness test (5) Final Visual Inspection, Dimensional check and Stamping of identification 4

7.3

Heavy Hex Nuts Dimensions as per ANSI B18.2.2 Heavy Hex Nut Dimensions: width A/F: 7/8, width A/C: 1, Thk: 5/8 Heavy Hex Nut Dimensions: width A/F: 1-1/16, width A/C: 1-3/16, Thk: 5/8 Heavy Hex Nut Dimensions: width A/F: 1-1/4, width A/C: 1-7/16, Thk: 7/8 Heavy Hex Nut Dimensions: width A/F: 1-7/16, width A/C: 1-5/8, Thk: 7/8 1 Heavy Hex Nut Dimensions: width A/F: 1-5/8,width A/C: 1-7/8, Thk: 1 Tolerance on dimensions is +0.000 / -0.016

7.4

SS304 BOLT WITH NUT SPECIFICATIONSizes : x 2 , x 3" 5/8x3, 5/8x3 , 5/8x4 x 4, x 4 Specification: Hex Bolt with Heavy Hex Nut, Size:_____, Material: ASTM A193Gr.B8 / ASTM A194 Gr.8 UNC Full Thread ANSI B1.1 Class 2A&2B, Heavy Nut ANSI B18.2.2 Material shall be supplied with 3rd party inspection by Llyods/DNV/TUV/BV Scope of 3rd party Inspection for Bolts: As per ASTM A 193Gr.B8 (1) Witnessing Chemical Analysis (2) Witnessing Mech. Properties (UTS,YS,%ELONGATION) (3) Final Visual Inspection, Dimensional check and Stamping of identification B8 Scope of 3rd party Inspection for Nuts: As per ASTM A 194Gr.8 (1) Witnessing Chemical Analysis (2) Witnessing proof load test (3) Witnessing Hardness test (4) Final Visual Inspection, Dimensional check and Stamping of identification 8

8.0

GASKETS

8.1

GASKETS SPECIFICATIONSize : , , 1, 1 , 2, 3, 4, 6, 8

Specification: Gasket Spiral Wound SS304+CAF with SS304 outer ring, 300#, Size:____, ASME B 16.20, Flange ASME B16.5 Service: Liquid Ammonia at (-)33 C

9.0

QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN (QAP) AND WELDING PROCEDURES

9.1

A QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN CONSISTS OF FOLLOWING CRITERIA:(I) Materials identifications: Ensure the correct specified materials are going into fabrication as per the drawing or design specifications

(II)

Welding Procedure and welding consumables: Ensure approved WPS is following and right welding process / consumables are using for fabrication

(III) Welder qualifications: Ensure qualified welders shall be allowed for welding

(IV) Inspection: Stage-wise inspection like Fit-ups, Root DP tests, Visual Inspection, Radiography tests if any and Hydro-testing requirements shall be followed

9.2

WELDING PROCEDURE (I) SA333 Gr.6 TO SA333 Gr.6 PIPE BUTT-JOINTS (LTCS pipe to LTCS pipe) (1) Joint Preparation: Single V Full penetration Butt Joint

(2) Root pass: Welding Process : Filler Wire Shielding Gas : : TIG welding AWS ER 70S2 Argon(99.998%) 2.4mm Dia

Tungsten Electrode: 2.4mm,Type: 2%Thoriated(EWTh 2) (3) Filling and Final Welding: Welding Process : Arc Welding

Electrode: AWS E7018-1 [Brand: D&H Supratherme(spl)] 2.5 & 3.15mm PRECAUTIONS: 1. Impact test certificates for filler wire and electrodes at -45 is C required for each batch of welding consumables. 2. Re-dry the electrodes at 250 C-300 for one hou r. C Thereafter, either allow the oven to cool slowly to about 60 C or transfer them to a holding oven maintained at 50 C-60 C.

9.3

(II) SS304 TO SS304 PIPE BUTT-JOINTS (1) Joint Preparation: Single V Full penetration Butt Joint

(2) Root pass: Welding Process : Filler Wire : TIG welding ER308L 2.0mm Dia.

Shielding and Purging Gas: Argon(99.998%) Tungsten Electrode: 2.4mm, Type: 2%Thoriated(EWTh 2) (3) Filling and Final Welding: Welding Process : Arc Welding

Electrode: AWS E308L 2.5mm (Brand: D&H Rutox-B) PRECAUTIONS: 1. Re-dry the electrodes at 250 C-300 for one hou r. C Thereafter, either allow the oven to cool slowly to about 60 C or transfer them to a holding oven maintained at 50 C-60 C. 2. Clean the joint faces from inside and outside to remove moisture, grease and foreign matter. 3. Keep the arc as short as possible. Avoid buildup of heat. 4. Restrict weaving of electrode to within two and half times the core wire diameter. 5. Use SS wire brush for cleaning the weld beads.

9.4

(III) SS304 TO SS304 SOCKET-WELD FITTINGS FILLET WELD JOINTS Joint Preparation: Fillet Joint

Root pass, Filling and Final Welding: Welding Process : Electrode : Arc Welding AWS E308L 2.5mm Dia.

(Brand Name: D&H Rutox-B) PRECAUTIONS: 1. Re-dry the electrodes at 250 C-300 for one hou r. C Thereafter, either allow the oven to cool slowly to about 60 C or transfer them to a holding oven maintained at 50 C-60 C. 2. Clean the joint faces from inside and outside to remove moisture, grease and foreign matter. 3. Keep the arc as short as possible. Avoid buildup of heat. 4. Restrict weaving of electrode to within two and half times the core wire diameter. 5. Use SS wire brush for cleaning the weld beads.

9.5

(III) CS(SA106Gr.B) or LTCS(SA333Gr.6) TO SS304 SOCKETWELD FITTINGS FILLET WELD JOINTS Joint Preparation: Fillet Joint

Root pass, Filling and Final Welding: Welding Process : Electrode : Arc Welding AWS E309L 2.5mm Dia.

(Brand Name: D&H 309L) PRECAUTIONS: 1. Re-dry the electrodes at 250 C-300 for one hou r. C Thereafter, either allow the oven to cool slowly to about 60 C or transfer them to a holding oven maintained at 50 C-60 C. 2. Clean the joint faces from inside and outside to remove moisture, grease and foreign matter. 3. Keep the arc as short as possible. Avoid buildup of heat. 4. Restrict weaving of electrode to within two and half times the core wire diameter. 5. Use SS wire brush for cleaning the weld beads.

10.0

PIPELINE SUPPORTS

10.1

Supports are most important for a piping system for adequate load bearing capacity, taking care of expansions and contraction and taking care of various forces induced during operation.

Major piping supports are divided into (1) (2) (3) Free supports Guide supports Anchor (or) Fixed supports

Free supports are normally placed immediate to the expansion loops for taking care of its both axial and transverse direction movements.

Guide support are placed in between free and fixed supports and for taking of axial direction movement of pipeline

Anchors (or) fixed supports are placed at pre-determined locations for fixing both axial and transverse direction

movements. Normally this type of supports will be placed in between expansion loops.

Stress analysis of a piping system will determine the required type of supports and locations of supports. Type, location and design of supports shall be provided as per the stress analysis report.

END