american studies course - revision

1By Pham Thi Thanh Thuy B

AMERICAN STUDIES

Revision

By Pham Thi Thanh Thuy B

1. The Boston Tea Party2. Confederate Army3. KKK4. Progressive Movement5. Roaring Twenties6. Roosevelts New Deal7. Henry Ford8. Nativist sentiment9. Volunteerism10. Social Mobility11. Decentralized Education12. Affirmative Action13. Causes of Civil War


Tea Act The Tea Act was an Act of Parliament passed

in May 1773 by the UKs Parliament to expand the British East India Company's monopoly on the tea trade to all British Colonies. In other words, American colonists could buy no tea unless it came from that company

The Tea Act lowered the price but the American colonists saw this law as yet another means of "taxation without representation". Their response was to refuse to unload the tea from the ships. This was the situation in Boston that led to the Boston Tea Party.


Boston Tea Party

Disguised as Indians direct action by colonists in Boston,

against the British government and high taxes on tea.

In December 1773, a group of colonists boarded the ships and destroyed the tea by throwing it into Boston Harbor.

an iconic event of American history A crackdown in British Parliament


Confederate Army

Confederacy The army of the Confederate States of

America Existed during the American Civil War.


KKK Ku Klux Klan is the name of three distinct past and

present far-right organizations in the United States

Advocated extremist currents: Expressed through terrorism


KKK

1. the South: 1860 early 1870s 2. Early and mid 1920s

The Red Scare 1919 white supremacy, white nationalism, Anti-immigration,.

3. After WW II- opposed civil rights movement and progress among minorities


Progressive Movement was a period of social activism and

reform From the 1890s to the 1920s. Aim: cure many of the ills of American

society during the industrial growth Eliminate corruption Women's suffrage Modernizing and emphasizing scientific,

medical and engineering


Roaring Twenties

1920s. Emphasize the period's social, artistic,

and cultural dynamism jazz music blossomed, the flapper redefined modern womanhood, Silent movies


Flapper

Short skirts, Bobbed their hair, Listened to jazz Disdain social norms Wear excessive makeup, Drink, smoke, drive automobiles Treat sex in a casual manner


Roosevelts New Deal

a series of economic programs Between 1933 and 1936. President Franklin D. Roosevelt first

term "3 Rs": relief, recovery, and reform.

Relief: for the unemployed and poor; Recovery of the economy to normal levels; Reform of the financial system to prevent a

repeat depression.


Henry Ford 1863 1947 A prominent American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, Revolutionized transportation and American

industry (Model T) One of the richest and best-known people in

the world. "Fordism": mass production inexpensive goods high wages for workers.


Nativist sentiment

Advocated the interests of certain inhabitants

Opposed newcomers or immigrants. lower the political or legal status hostile or alien to the natural culture


Volunteerism

working on behalf of others without payment

To promote good or improve human quality of life, For Volunteers own skill development, To meet others To make contacts for possible employment, To have fun

Many are specifically trained: medicine, education, or.

Others: emergency rescue: natural disaster


(Social) mobility The likelihood that a child will grow up

into adulthood and attain a higher level of economic and social wellbeing than his/her family of origin.


Decentralized in Education Elementary and secondary education is

financially supported by three levels of government - local, state, and federal.

divided into public and private institutions public education is separately developed

within each state quality of education


Decentralized in Education

ADVANTAGES not all students are concentrated on the

same topics of study allows each student to specialize in a

certain field allows students to discover their interests


Decentralized in Education

DISADVANTAGES Disparity in wealth affects the quality of

education Rich communities afford to pay more public schools provide lower quality

education for students from poorer families


Affirmative action positive discrimination use of different standards for assessing

different groups of people, help a disadvantaged group (African-

Americans) In education: admission to universities

using quotas using different admissions criteria that take race,

poverty or school-background into account

Equality of opportunity. By Pham Thi Thanh Thuy B

Cause(s) of the Civil War

SLAVERY?

Slavery was the central, but not the only

cause of Civil War


Top Five Causes of the Civil War

1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.

2. States versus federal rights.3. The fight between Slave and Non-

Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.


Economic and social differences between the North and the South

invention of the cotton gin in 1793 cotton became very profitable. save time to separate seeds from the cotton. Other plantations move to cotton crops greater need for cheap labor, i.e. slaves.

the southern economy: depend on cotton and therefore on slavery.


The North

economy based more on industry than agriculture.

purchasing the raw cotton and turning it into finished goods.

difference in economic attitudes. The South was based on the plantation

system while the North was focused on city life.


States versus federal rights. Strong central power: federal government greater states rights

Constitutional ConventionUS constitution: in secret Strong proponents of states rights:

were not present at this meeting unhappy continue to act independently.


The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.

- America expanded:- Lousiana Purchase

The Missouri Compromise: 1820: prohibited slavery in states fromthe former Louisiana

- More territory from Mexican War, Compromise of 1850:balance between slave and free states states to determine whether the

slaves would be free or not.


Growth of the Abolition Movement.

The northerners became more polarized against slavery.

Sympathies began to grow for abolitionists and against slavery and slaveholders.


The election of Abraham Lincoln.

when Lincoln was elected in 1860 "Declaration of the Causes of Secession."

They believed that Lincoln was anti-slavery and in favor of Northern interests.


1. The Colonial Era (1607-1773)

2. A New Nation

3. The Civil War (1861-1865)

4. Late 19th Century: industrial development

5. World War I: 1914-1918

6. The Roaring 20s

7. Great Depression: 1929-1933

8. World War II: 1939 -1945

9. The Cold War: 1945-1991

10. Beginning of 21st century

11. The War Against Terrorism

american studies course - revision

Documents