alti um manual

Altium TM

Microwave Radio S ystemInstallation and O peration Manual6 GHZ - 15 GHz

Preliminary

PN 310-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Copyright © 1999 by Digital Microwave Corporation.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Digital Microwave Corporation.

Printed in the United States of America.

DISCLAIMER

Digital Microwave Corporation makes no representation or warranties with respect to the contents hereof and specifically disclaims any implied warranties or merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Further, Digital Microwave Corporation reserves the right to revise this publication and to make changes from time to time in the content hereof without obligation of Digital Microwave Corporation to notify any person of such revision or changes.

This equipment has been tested for and meets EMC Directive 89/336/EEC. The equipment was tested using screened cabling. If any other type of cable is used, it may violate compliance.

CE Mark

This equipment has been designed to meet the requirements of the European Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC (currently amended by 92/31/EEC). Operation of the equipment is designed to provide reasonable protection

against harmful interference in its electromagnetic environment without introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances.

TRADEMARKS

FibreNex and Altium are trademarks and DMC Net is a registered trademark of Digital Microwave Corporation. All other product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

Digital Microwave Corporation170 Rose Orchard WaySan Jose, California 95134-1358 U.S.A.

Telephone: (408) 943-0777Telex: 759597 DIGMICFax: (408) 944-1801

Digital Microwave CorporationMiddlemarch Business ParkSiskin DriveCoventry, England CV3-4JA

Telephone: + 44-1203-863838Fax: + 44-1203-530126

Digital Microwave Corporation10 Ang Mo Kio Street 65#03-13 TechpointSingapore 569059

Telephone: + 65-484-7780Fax: + 65-484-7768

Contents

Figures ................................................................................................................................ viiTables................................................................................................................................... xiPreface ............................................................................................................................... xiii

Scope ...........................................................................................................................xiiiCustomer Service ......................................................................................................xiiiOrganization of the Manual ....................................................................................xiv

1 InstallationOverview ........................................................................................................................ 1-1Unpacking the Equipment .......................................................................................... 1-2

Packing List ............................................................................................................... 1-2Preparing the Site .......................................................................................................... 1-3

Rack Space ................................................................................................................. 1-3Power ......................................................................................................................... 1-3Grounding ................................................................................................................. 1-5

Grounding the IDU ........................................................................................... 1-5Grounding the ODU ......................................................................................... 1-6ESD Protection ................................................................................................... 1-6

Installation Kit ............................................................................................................... 1-7Recommended Tools and Test Equipment ............................................................... 1-8Installing the IDU ......................................................................................................... 1-9Connecting Fiber Optic Cables to the Altium System ............................................. 1-11Installing the ODU ........................................................................................................ 1-14

Remote Mount ......................................................................................................... 1-14Horizontal Polarization ........................................................................................... 1-16Vertical Polarization ................................................................................................ 1-17Space Diversity - Slip Fit and Waveguide ............................................................ 1-18Space Diversity - Flexible Waveguide ................................................................... 1-19Space Diversity - Remote and Direct Mounting .................................................. 1-20Offset Configuration ................................................................................................ 1-21

Installing the IDU/ODU Coaxial Cable ................................................................... 1-22Preparing the TNC Connectors .............................................................................. 1-22Coax Cable Service Loop ........................................................................................ 1-24Identifying A-side and B-side Cables .................................................................... 1-24Connecting the Coaxial Cable ............................................................................... 1-25

Powering Up .................................................................................................................. 1-27Aligning the Antenna .................................................................................................. 1-28Connecting External Equipment ................................................................................ 1-30

Ethernet Hub ............................................................................................................. 1-30Handset Connector .................................................................................................. 1-33NMS/Aux 1 Connector ........................................................................................... 1-34NMS/Aux 2, NMS/Aux 3 Connector ................................................................... 1-35MAINT Connector .................................................................................................. 1-36VF/AUX DATA Connectors .................................................................................. 1-37

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 iii

Contents Altium Microwave Radio System

CONTROL/ALARMS Connector .......................................................................... 1-39

2 System CommissioningOverview ........................................................................................................................ 2-1

Tests Performed ........................................................................................................ 2-1Required Test Equipment ....................................................................................... 2-2Optional Tests ........................................................................................................... 2-2Optional Test Equipment ........................................................................................ 2-2

Preliminary Checks ...................................................................................................... 2-2Test Procedures ............................................................................................................. 2-3

Customer Information ............................................................................................. 2-3Test Data .................................................................................................................... 2-3

Input DC Voltage............................................................................................... 2-3WMT RSSI........................................................................................................... 2-3WMT TX Power ................................................................................................. 2-3WMT TX/RX Frequency .................................................................................. 2-3Calculated Fade Margin ................................................................................... 2-3

Loopback Tests ......................................................................................................... 2-4Local IF Loopback.............................................................................................. 2-4Remote LIU Loopback ...................................................................................... 2-4

Bit Error Tests ........................................................................................................... 2-5Optional Tests ............................................................................................................... 2-6

Receive Signal Level (RSL) ..................................................................................... 2-6Fade Margin Test ...................................................................................................... 2-6Frequency Measurement ......................................................................................... 2-7TX Power ................................................................................................................... 2-7

3 System TroubleshootingOverview ........................................................................................................................ 3-1LED Alarm and Status Indications ............................................................................ 3-2

IDU LEDs .................................................................................................................. 3-2ODU LEDs ................................................................................................................. 3-3

LED Troubleshooting ................................................................................................. 3-4Indirectly Detected and Undetected Faults .............................................................. 3-5Returning Equipment to DMC ................................................................................... 3-5Replacing the SP Module Nonprotected System ..................................................... 3-6Replacing the SP Module Protected System ............................................................. 3-8Removing and Applying Power ................................................................................ 3-10Replacing the ISAC Module ........................................................................................ 3-11Replacing the Fan Module ........................................................................................... 3-13Replacing the RF Plug-in Module Nonprotected System ....................................... 3-14Replacing the RF Plug-in Module Protected System ............................................... 3-15Replacing the RF Plug-in Module Space Diversity System .................................... 3-17Replacing the RF Distribution Module Nonprotected System .............................. 3-19Replacing the RF Distribution Module Protected System ...................................... 3-20Replacing the RF Distribution Module Space Diversity System ........................... 3-22Replacing the OSAC Module ...................................................................................... 3-24

4 WMT Screens ReferenceOverview ........................................................................................................................ 4-1

iv PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Altium Microwave Radio System Contents

WMT Navigation ..................................................................................................... 4-3Send and Reset Buttons ........................................................................................... 4-7

Connecting the WMT to the Altium Radio ............................................................... 4-9Making an Ethernet Connection ............................................................................ 4-9Connecting through the MAINT Connector ........................................................ 4-14Connecting to the Far End from the Local Radio ................................................ 4-29

Starting the WMT ........................................................................................................ 4-33Exiting the WMT .......................................................................................................... 4-33Link Status Screen ......................................................................................................... 4-34Configure Radios Screens ............................................................................................ 4-36

Link Information Screen .......................................................................................... 4-37IDU Screens ............................................................................................................... 4-38

Aux Data Channel Screen................................................................................. 4-38External Mux ...................................................................................................... 4-40Relay Configuration .......................................................................................... 4-41SP Configuration................................................................................................ 4-42Control TTL Input Configuration ................................................................... 4-43Control TTL Output Configuration ................................................................ 4-44VF Channel Configuration ............................................................................... 4-45

ODU Screens ............................................................................................................. 4-46RF Control........................................................................................................... 4-46RF Distribution Frequency ............................................................................... 4-48RF Distribution Configuration......................................................................... 4-49Synthesizer Configuration ............................................................................... 4-50Transceiver Configuration ............................................................................... 4-52

Network Management System ............................................................................... 4-53Maintenance Port............................................................................................... 4-53Modem Configuration ...................................................................................... 4-55NMS .................................................................................................................... 4-56NMS Aux Ports Configuration ........................................................................ 4-57Configure Port 1................................................................................................. 4-58

Events and Performance Screens ................................................................................ 4-59Active Events ............................................................................................................ 4-59Performance .............................................................................................................. 4-62RSSI ............................................................................................................................ 4-64Radio Status .............................................................................................................. 4-65

Loopback Test Screen ................................................................................................... 4-66Line Interface Unit (LIU) ........................................................................................ 4-67Intermediate Frequency (IF) .................................................................................. 4-67Wayside ..................................................................................................................... 4-67Auxiliary .................................................................................................................... 4-67VF ................................................................................................................................ 4-68

Locking Controls Screen .............................................................................................. 4-72Software Screens ........................................................................................................... 4-73

Download Screen ..................................................................................................... 4-73Activate Screen ......................................................................................................... 4-75Software Versions Screen ........................................................................................ 4-76

Date and Time Screen .................................................................................................. 4-77Manufacturing Data Screen ......................................................................................... 4-78

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 v

Contents Altium Microwave Radio System

5 System DescriptionOverview ........................................................................................................................ 5-1System Components ..................................................................................................... 5-2IDU .................................................................................................................................. 5-5

Signal Processor Module ........................................................................................ 5-5ISAC Module ............................................................................................................ 5-6Access Panel .............................................................................................................. 5-7VF/AUX DATA Channel ........................................................................................ 5-9

Voice Channel 1 ................................................................................................. 5-11Voice Channel 2 ................................................................................................. 5-13

Aux Data Channels .................................................................................................. 5-14Synchronous Aux Data Channel Operation ......................................................... 5-14Asynchronous Aux Data Channel Operation ...................................................... 5-16

Asynchronous Non-Data Dependent Mode.................................................. 5-16Asynchronous Data Dependent Mode........................................................... 5-16

Asynchronous Data Channel Applications .......................................................... 5-16CONTROL/ALARMS Connector .......................................................................... 5-18

TTL Inputs .......................................................................................................... 5-18TTL Outputs ....................................................................................................... 5-18Relays .................................................................................................................. 5-20

Handset Connector .................................................................................................. 5-22Ethernet Hub ............................................................................................................. 5-22Fan Module ............................................................................................................... 5-22IDU Housing ............................................................................................................. 5-22

ODU ................................................................................................................................ 5-23OSAC Module ........................................................................................................... 5-23RF Plug-in Module ................................................................................................... 5-24RF Distribution Module .......................................................................................... 5-24Synthesizer ................................................................................................................ 5-25ODU Housing ........................................................................................................... 5-25

PROMs ........................................................................................................................... 5-25Connectors ..................................................................................................................... 5-26LEDs ............................................................................................................................... 5-27Coaxial Cable ................................................................................................................. 5-28Antenna .......................................................................................................................... 5-28Web Maintenance Terminal ........................................................................................ 5-28System Configurations ................................................................................................. 5-29Protection Switching .................................................................................................... 5-30Automatic Transmit Power Control .......................................................................... 5-34

A System SpecificationsOperating Characteristics ........................................................................................... A-1Part Numbers ............................................................................................................... A-2Envelope Drawings ..................................................................................................... A-2

Glossary

Index

vi PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Figures

Figure 1-1. Unpacking the IDU and ODU ....................................................................... 1-2Figure 1-2. Altium System Rack Space ............................................................................ 1-3Figure 1-3. Power Connections ......................................................................................... 1-4Figure 1-4. Power Cable Assembly ................................................................................... 1-4Figure 1-5. Grounding the IDU ......................................................................................... 1-5Figure 1-6. Grounding the ODU ....................................................................................... 1-6Figure 1-7. ESD Protection .................................................................................................1-6Figure 1-8. Installing the IDU ............................................................................................ 1-9Figure 1-9. Reversed Mounting Ears ................................................................................ 1-10Figure 1-10. Removing the Front Panel.............................................................................. 1-11Figure 1-11. Removing the SP Module............................................................................... 1-12Figure 1-12. Connecting the Fiber-Optic Cables ............................................................... 1-12Figure 1-13. Routing the Fiber-Optic Cables - Nonprotected System ........................... 1-13Figure 1-14. Routing the Fiber-Optic Cables - Protected System ................................... 1-13Figure 1-15. ODU Remote Mount ....................................................................................... 1-15Figure 1-16. Horizontal Polarization .................................................................................. 1-16Figure 1-17. Vertical Polarization........................................................................................ 1-17Figure 1-18. Space Diversity - Slip Fit and Waveguide ................................................... 1-18Figure 1-19. Space Diversity - Flexible Waveguide .......................................................... 1-19Figure 1-20. Flexible Waveguide Connection ................................................................... 1-20Figure 1-21. Flexible Waveguide Connector ..................................................................... 1-20Figure 1-22. ODU Offset Configuration............................................................................. 1-21Figure 1-23. ODU TNC Connectors.................................................................................... 1-25Figure 1-24. Connecting the Coaxial Cables to the IDU .................................................. 1-26Figure 1-25. Using the Fuses to Apply Power................................................................... 1-27Figure 1-26. RSSI Connector (Protected ODU shown) ....................................................1-29Figure 1-27. Antenna Alignment ........................................................................................ 1-29Figure 1-28. Access Panel Connectors ................................................................................ 1-30Figure 1-29. Ethernet Hub Pin Locations ........................................................................... 1-31Figure 1-30. Daisychaining at a Repeater Site ................................................................... 1-32Figure 1-31. Daisychaining at a Hub Site........................................................................... 1-32Figure 1-32. Handset RJ-11 Connector ...............................................................................1-33Figure 1-33. NMS/Aux 1 DTE Connector ......................................................................... 1-34Figure 1-34. NMS/Aux 2, NMS/Aux 3 DTE Connectors ............................................... 1-35Figure 1-35. Maint DCE Connector .................................................................................... 1-36Figure 1-36. VF/AUX DATA Connector ........................................................................... 1-37Figure 1-37. Control/Alarms Connector ........................................................................... 1-39Figure 2-1. Test Setup - Received Signal Level ............................................................... 2-8Figure 2-2. Test Setup - Fade Margin ............................................................................... 2-9Figure 2-3. Test Setup - Frequency Measurement .......................................................... 2-10Figure 2-4. Test Setup - Transmit Power ......................................................................... 2-11Figure 3-1. IDU LEDs.......................................................................................................... 3-2Figure 3-2. ODU LEDs........................................................................................................ 3-3Figure 3-3. Replacing the SP Module - Nonprotected System ..................................... 3-6

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 vii

Figures Altium Microwave Radio System

Figure 3-4. Replacing the SP Module - Nonprotected System ..................................... 3-7Figure 3-5. Replacing the SP Module - Protected System ............................................. 3-8Figure 3-6. Replacing the SP Module - Protected System ............................................. 3-9Figure 3-7. Removing and Applying Power ................................................................... 3-10Figure 3-8. Removing Cables from the ISAC Module ................................................... 3-11Figure 3-9. ISAC Configuration PROM ........................................................................... 3-12Figure 3-10. Replacing the Fan Module ............................................................................. 3-13Figure 3-11. Replacing the RF Plug-in Module (Nonprotected System) ....................... 3-14Figure 3-12. Replacing the RF Plug-in Module (Protected System) .............................. 3-16Figure 3-13. Replacing the RF Plug-in Module (Space Diversity System) .................... 3-18Figure 3-14. Replacing the RF Distribution Module (Nonprotected System) .............. 3-19Figure 3-15. Replacing the RF Distribution Module (Protected System) ...................... 3-21Figure 3-16. Replacing the RF Distribution Module (Space Diversity System) ........... 3-23Figure 3-17. Replacing the OSAC Module ......................................................................... 3-24Figure 4-1. WMT User Interface........................................................................................ 4-3Figure 4-2. WMT Start-up Screen...................................................................................... 4-4Figure 4-3. WMT Menu List............................................................................................... 4-5Figure 4-4. Configure Radios Screen ................................................................................ 4-6Figure 4-5. Send Button ...................................................................................................... 4-7Figure 4-6. Reset Button ..................................................................................................... 4-8Figure 4-7. Connecting the WMT...................................................................................... 4-9Figure 4-8. Starting WMT................................................................................................... 4-33Figure 4-9. Link Status........................................................................................................ 4-34Figure 4-10. Link Information ............................................................................................. 4-37Figure 4-11. Aux Data Channel ........................................................................................... 4-38Figure 4-12. Configure Channels ........................................................................................ 4-39Figure 4-13. External Mux Configuration .......................................................................... 4-40Figure 4-14. Relay Configuration ........................................................................................4-41Figure 4-15. SP Configuration ............................................................................................. 4-42Figure 4-16. Control TTL Input Configuration ................................................................. 4-43Figure 4-17. Control TTL Output Configuration.............................................................. 4-44Figure 4-18. VF Channel Configuration............................................................................. 4-45Figure 4-19. RF Control ........................................................................................................ 4-46Figure 4-20. RF Distribution Frequency ............................................................................ 4-48Figure 4-21. RF Distribution Configuration ...................................................................... 4-49Figure 4-22. Synthesizer Configuration ............................................................................. 4-50Figure 4-23. Transceiver Configuration ............................................................................. 4-52Figure 4-24. Maintenance Port ............................................................................................ 4-53Figure 4-25. Modem Configuration.................................................................................... 4-55Figure 4-26. NMS Configuration......................................................................................... 4-56Figure 4-27. NMS Aux Ports Configuration...................................................................... 4-57Figure 4-28. Configure Port 1 .............................................................................................. 4-58Figure 4-29. Active Events ................................................................................................... 4-59Figure 4-30. Complete Events.............................................................................................. 4-60Figure 4-31. Performance ..................................................................................................... 4-62Figure 4-32. RSSI.................................................................................................................... 4-64Figure 4-33. Radio Status...................................................................................................... 4-65Figure 4-34. Loopback Tests ................................................................................................ 4-66Figure 4-35. Internal Local IF Loopback ............................................................................ 4-68Figure 4-36. Internal LIU Remote Loopback ..................................................................... 4-69

viii PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Altium Microwave Radio System Figures

Figure 4-37. External LIU Loopback................................................................................... 4-70Figure 4-38. External IF Loopback ...................................................................................... 4-70Figure 4-39. External LIU Remote Loopback .................................................................... 4-71Figure 4-40. Locking Controls ............................................................................................. 4-72Figure 4-41. Download System Software........................................................................... 4-73Figure 4-42. Activate System Software .............................................................................. 4-75Figure 4-43. Software Versions............................................................................................ 4-76Figure 4-44. Date and Time.................................................................................................. 4-77Figure 4-45. Manufacturing Data........................................................................................ 4-78Figure 5-1. Altium System Components.......................................................................... 5-3Figure 5-2. System Block Diagram.................................................................................... 5-4Figure 5-3. ALTIUM with Cover Removed..................................................................... 5-5Figure 5-4. Access Panel Auxiliary (nonpayload) Functions........................................ 5-8Figure 5-5. VF Channel 1 and 2 Bridges........................................................................... 5-10Figure 5-6. Voice Channel 1 Interconnection .................................................................. 5-12Figure 5-7. Voice Channel 2 Interconnection .................................................................. 5-13Figure 5-8. Synchronous Application............................................................................... 5-17Figure 5-9. TTL Input and Output Connectivity ............................................................ 5-19Figure 5-10. Relays Connectivity ........................................................................................5-21Figure 5-11. ODU Hardware Description.......................................................................... 5-23Figure 5-12. Nonprotected Altium Configuration ........................................................... 5-30Figure 5-13. 1+0 Nonprotected Transmitter and Receiver.............................................. 5-31Figure 5-14. Protected Altium Configuration ................................................................... 5-31Figure 5-15. 1+1 Monitored Hot Standby Protection Switching .................................... 5-32Figure 5-16. 1+1 Space Diversity Protection Switching................................................... 5-33Figure 1-1. IDU Envelope Drawing................................................................................. A-3Figure A-2. ODU Envelope Drawing ................................................................................A-4

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 ix

Figures Altium Microwave Radio System

x PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Tables

Table 1-1. Installation Kit..................................................................................................... 1-7Table 1-2. Recommended Coaxial Cable........................................................................... 1-22Table 1-3. ODU Connectors................................................................................................. 1-25Table 1-4. Ethernet Hub Pinouts ........................................................................................ 1-31Table 1-5. Handset RJ-11 Connector Pinouts.................................................................... 1-33Table 1-6. NMS/AUX 1 DTE Connector Pinouts............................................................. 1-34Table 1-7. NMS/AUX 2, NMS/Aux 3 DTE Connector Pinouts .................................... 1-35Table 1-8. Maint DCE Connector Pinouts ......................................................................... 1-36Table 1-9. VF/AUX DATA Connector Pinouts .............................................................. 1-37Table 1-10. Control/Alarms Connector ............................................................................. 1-39Table 3-1. LED Troubleshooting......................................................................................... 3-4Table 4-1. WMT Screen Summary...................................................................................... 4-2Table 4-2. Subnet Mask ....................................................................................................... 4-12Table 4-3. Link Status ........................................................................................................... 4-35Table 4-4. Link Information................................................................................................. 4-37Table 4-5. Aux Data Channel .............................................................................................. 4-39Table 4-6. External Mux Configuration ............................................................................. 4-40Table 4-7. Relay Configuration ........................................................................................... 4-41Table 4-8. SP Configuration ............................................................................................... 4-42Table 4-9. Control TTL Input Configuration .................................................................... 4-44Table 4-10. Control TTL Output Configuration ................................................................. 4-44Table 4-11. VF Channel Configuration ................................................................................ 4-45Table 4-12. RF Control............................................................................................................ 4-47Table 4-13. RF Distribution Frequency ................................................................................ 4-48Table 4-14. RF Distribution Configuration.......................................................................... 4-49Table 4-15. Synthesizer Configuration ................................................................................ 4-51Table 4-16. Transceiver Configuration ................................................................................ 4-52Table 4-17. Maintenance Port................................................................................................ 4-54Table 4-18. Modem Configuration ....................................................................................... 4-55Table 4-19. NMS Configuration............................................................................................ 4-56Table 4-20. NMS Aux Ports Configuration ....................................................................... 4-57Table 4-21. Aux Port Configuration ..................................................................................... 4-58Table 4-22. Events ................................................................................................................... 4-60Table 4-23. Performance ....................................................................................................... 4-63Table 4-24. RSSI....................................................................................................................... 4-64Table 4-25. Radio Status......................................................................................................... 4-65Table 4-26. Loopback Tests.................................................................................................... 4-66Table 4-27. Locking Controls .............................................................................................. 4-72Table 4-28. Download System Software.............................................................................. 4-74Table 4-29. Activate System Software.................................................................................. 4-75Table 4-30. Software Versions............................................................................................... 4-76Table 5-1. Connector Summary .......................................................................................... 5-26Table 5-2. LED Alarm Indications .................................................................................... 5-27Table 5-3. System Configurations....................................................................................... 5-29Table 5-4. Protected System Configurations..................................................................... 5-30

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 xi

Tables Altium Microwave Radio System

Table A-1.System Specifications - 7 GHz Radio ............................................................... A-1Table A-2.Part Numbers....................................................................................................... A-2

xii PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Preface

Scope

This manual contains information on installing, operating, and maintaining the Altium™ Microwave Radio system. Installation tasks include mechanical installation of the Altium system, connecting external equipment to the Altium system (site dependent), and configuring the system. Operation tasks include modifying radio operating parameters, monitoring status, and maintaining the system through troubleshooting and system repair procedures.

This document is intended for those people who install and operate the Altium microwave radio system.

Customer Service

Customer Service Telephone Number

Within the United States 1-800-DMC-WAVE 1-800-362-9283

Outside the United States use the country code, then dial:

1-408-944-1720

Within the United Kingdom 01203-863-838

Outside the United Kingdom, use the international access code, then dial:

+44-1203-863-838

Asia + 65-484-7780

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 xiii

Organization of the Manual Altium Microwave Radio System

Organization of the Manual

Chapter Description

1 Installation Installation describes: how to install the Altium system: Indoor Unit (IDU), Outdoor Unit (ODU); how to connect the coaxial cable; applying power to the system; connecting external equipment to the IDU. The main topics include:• Unpack the equipment and prepare the site• Describes the installation kit and recommended tools and equipment• Install the IDU• Attach fiber optic cables• Install the ODU• Install coaxial cables• Powering up the system• Installing and aligning the antenna• Connecting external equipment

2 System Commissioning

System Commissioning describes how to verify the correct operation of the Altium system after installation. The main topics include:• Preliminary checks• Test Procedures: gathering data, loopback and BER tests• Optional Tests: RSL, fade margin, frequency measurement, and transmit power

3 System Troubleshooting

System Troubleshooting describes: the LED indications in the Altium system and how to interpret each LED; how to replace modules. The main topics include:• LED indications• Troubleshooting• Replace modules

4 WMT Screens Reference

The WMT (Web Maintenance Terminal) Screens Reference describes: how to use the WMT; how to start and exit the WMT; how to connect your terminal to the WMT; what the fields on each screen mean. The main topics include: • Overview• Connecting to, starting, and exiting the WMT• Screen reference

5 System Description System Description describes: the Altium system hardware; Altium system functions and features. The main topics include:• System components overview and system block diagram• Module functional descriptions• System configurations• Protection switching• ATPC (Automatic Transmit Power Control)

xiv PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Chapter 1

Installation

This chapter provides information on: installing the Altium system Indoor Unit (IDU) and Outdoor Unit (ODU); connecting the coaxial cable; applying power to the system; aligning the antenna; and connecting external equipment to the IDU.

Overview

Altium system installation procedures are generally outlined as follows:

• Unpacking the equipment

• Preparing adequate rack space, appropriate power, and grounding

• Mounting the IDU

• Mounting the ODU

• Installing the coaxial cable

• Mounting and aligning the antenna

• Connecting external equipment

You may also need to use the Web Maintenance Terminal (WMT) to change or set the Altium system’s operating parameters. Refer to Chapter 4, WMT Screens Reference, for more information.

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 Installation 1-1

Unpacking the Equipment Altium Microwave Radio System

Unpacking the Equipment

The tools required for unpacking the system equipment are:

• Utility knife

• Clean, flat working surface

Open the shipping containers, carefully remove the equipment and place on a clean, flat working surface. Save the shipping and packing material in case the equipment has to be returned.

Check the equipment and installation kits against the packing list to ensure that the equipment part numbers, parts, and ancillary equipment included in the shipment match what is specified on the packing list. If there are discrepancies between the packing list and the equipment received, contact the nearest sales representative.

Inspect the equipment for any type of shipping damage. If any part of the shipment is damaged, contact your nearest sales representative for repair or replacement instructions.

Packing ListVerify that the packing list accurately describes the contents of the shipped equipment. Shipments consist of an IDU and an installation kit in one container and an ODU in another container (Figure 1-1).

Figure 1-1. Unpacking the IDU and ODU

PackingList IDU

Installation Kit

ODU

0266

1 box

1 box

An Altium system ships in two containers.

1-2 Installation PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Altium Microwave Radio System Preparing the Site

Preparing the Site

The installation site must have adequate rack space, power, and grounding.

Rack SpaceThe Altium IDU can be installed in a standard 19-in. (48 cm) rack and requires 3 rack units (Figure 1-2). A rack unit is 1.75-in. (4.5 cm) of vertical space.

Figure 1-2. Altium System Rack Space

PowerPower to the IDU must be in the range -40.5 to -72 VDC. Nominal input voltage is -48 VDC to -60 VDC. An external step-up power converter is required when the voltage is below -40.5 VDC.

The battery supply connects to the Altium system through a four-conductor Phoenix connector. The polarity for the battery supply ground lead and negative leads is shown in Figure 1-3.

Each Signal Processor (SP) module, A for a nonprotected system, A and B for a protected system, requires a power connection. Each power connection requires that you assemble a power cable.

Note: The minimum cable size for the power cable is 12 AWG (2 mm).

Assemble the power cable for each power connection as follows:

1. Strip 1/4 in. (0.6 cm) insulation from the ends of each of the power leads you are connecting to the Altium system.

2. Insert each power lead as shown in Figure 1-4.

3. Secure each lead in the power connector by tightening the screw on top of the connectod.

B

A

ESD

3 RACKUNITS

0232

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT


Preparing the Site Altium Microwave Radio System

Warning: Reverse polarity can damage the equipment.

Figure 1-3. Power Connections

Figure 1-4. Power Cable Assembly

B

ESD

VF/AU

CONTRA B

0268

Strip 1/4"


Altium Microwave Radio System Preparing the Site

GroundingProper grounding of equipment and structures is essential to prevent electrical damage to the Altium system.

Grounding of all equipment at a radio site is required. Without proper grounding, voltage potentials between components of the system can cause electrical damage when interconnecting cables are installed.

Note: Ground wires and hardware are not provided in the installation kit.

Grounding the IDU

The IDU is grounded through the mounting hardware to the equipment rack. The equipment rack must be connected to station or earth ground. Refer to Figure 1-5.

Figure 1-5. Grounding the IDU

0269

IDU is grounded through mounting hardware

Mounting rack must be connected to station or earth ground


Preparing the Site Altium Microwave Radio System

Grounding the ODU

A suitable ground wire must connect the ODU ground lug (Figure 1-6) to an appropriate ground point on the antenna mounting or tower. This connection is site dependent. The surface of all ground wire contact points must be clean to ensure a low-resistance connection.

Figure 1-6. Grounding the ODU

ESD Protection

ESD (electrostatic discharge) can damage electronic components. Even if components remain functional, ESD can cause latent damage that results in premature failure. Personnel and equipment must be properly grounded.

Always wear proper ESD grounding straps during equipment installation, maintenance and repairs. Connect your ESD grounding strap to the connector shown in Figure 1-7.

Figure 1-7. ESD Protection

0235

Coaxial Cable TNC Connector

RSSI BNC Connector


RSSI BNC Connector

A Side B Side

Ground Lug Ground Lug

B

A B

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

ESD Connector


Altium Microwave Radio System Installation Kit

Installation Kit

Most of the materials needed for installation are supplied with the system. Some tools and equipment must be supplied by the user.

Table 1-1 lists materials in a typical installation kit. The contents of the installation kit depends on the system configuration. Refer to the packing list for a description of the exact contents.

Table 1-1. Installation Kit

Description Quantity Part Number

TNC (75 ohm) Male crimp connectors (RG-11/Belden 9292)

4

Silicon grease, 1 oz., DC4 1

M10 screw x 20MM hex head 4

M10 washer, SLW, SS 4

M10 washer, flat, SS 4

ODU handle 1

Power connector, 4-way 1

Fuse, 5 amp Slo-Blo, 2 each, 5 x 20 mm 2

Vapor lock 4

Screw, 12-24 x 3/4 SS, Phil, P/H 6

Washer, SS, SLW, #12 6

Washer, SS, #12 6


Recommended Tools and Test Equipment Altium Microwave Radio System

Recommended Tools and Test Equipment

In addition to the installation materials available from Digital Microwave Corporation, there are recommended user-supplied tools and test equipment:

• 11 mm (7/16-in.) end wrench or nut driver

• 14 mm (9/16-in.) end wrench or box wrench

• 19 mm (3/4-in.) end wrench or box wrench

• Torque wrench, 27 Newton-meters (20 foot-pounds)

• 14 mm (9/16-in.) crow-foot wrench adapter or socket for torque wrench

• 3/32-in. hex (Allen-head) driver

• Screwdriver, No. 2 Phillips

• Screwdriver, No. 2 flat blade (common)

• Crimp tool for RG-11 TNC connectors

• Digital voltmeter (DVM) for measuring RSSI (receive signal strength indicator) voltage during antenna alignment and checking for a short between the conductor and shield when making cables

• Portable (laptop) computer with a serial RS-232 communications port and cable or 10BaseT Ethernet port

• Telephone with FCC Class B electronic ringer, cable and RJ-11 modular telephone connectors at each end. Used for communicating over the engineering order wire (EOW) only if voice EOW is used.

• Optical pattern generator/checker (optional), 155 Mbps (STM-1/OC-3)


Altium Microwave Radio System Installing the IDU

Installing the IDU

To install the IDU:

1. Identify the rack mounting screws and cup washers in the installation kit (Figure 1-8). Refer to Installation Kit on page 1-7.

2. Attach the unit to the rack with the mounting screws and washers. This also grounds the Altium system to the rack.

Note: The mounting ears on the IDU can be reversed to move the IDU out 5 in. (13 cm) from the front of the rack (Figure 1-9). They can be removed completely for desktop mounting.

Figure 1-8. Installing the IDU

0269

Do block vent holes.


Installing the IDU Altium Microwave Radio System

Figure 1-9. Reversed Mounting Ears

0270


Altium Microwave Radio System Connecting Fiber Optic Cables to the Altium System

Connecting Fiber Optic Cables to the Altium System

STM-1/OC-3 data connects to the Altium system through multimode fiber-optic cables. The fiber-optic cables connect the optical access on the multiplexer to the SP module in the IDU. The connectors on the SP module are ST type.

Warning: Never look into the end of a fiber-optic cable.

To connect the fiber-optic cable to the Altium system:

1. Remove the front panel by undoing the four fasteners (Figure 1-10).

2. Remove the IF cable from the SP module (Figure 1-11).

3. Use the card extractor levers to unseat the SP module and slide it out (approximately 6 in. or 15 cm) until you can see the ST connector (Figure 1-12).

4. Connect the fiber-optic cables.

5. Reseat the SP module. Press the card extractor levers flat against the edge of the SP module.

6. Reconnect the IF cable to the SP module.

7. Route the fiber-optic cables through the cable access cutouts on the access panel (Figure 1-13).

8. Reinstall the front panel and secure it with the four fasteners.

Figure 1-10. Removing the Front Panel

B

A

ESD

0271

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

Captured FastenersCaptured Fasteners


Connecting Fiber Optic Cables to the Altium System Altium Microwave Radio System

Figure 1-11. Removing the SP Module

Figure 1-12. Connecting the Fiber-Optic Cables

0272

Extractor Levers

I.F. Cable

0273 Customer Equipment

InOut


Altium Microwave Radio System Connecting Fiber Optic Cables to the Altium System

Figure 1-13. Routing the Fiber-Optic Cables - Nonprotected System

Figure 1-14. Routing the Fiber-Optic Cables - Protected System

0274

To Customer Equipment

0304

To Customer Equipment


Installing the ODU Altium Microwave Radio System

Installing the ODU

There are four ODU mounting scenarios:

• Slip-fit with horizontal polarization

• Slip-fit with vertical polarization

• Space diversity with flexible waveguide

• Space diversity with flexible waveguide/Slip-fit with horizontal polarization

The ODU can be connected directly to the antenna using a Slip fit connector or connected remotely using flexible waveguide. Space diversity combines direct and remote mounted antennas.

The ODU can be offset mounted to the left or right. The offset refers to the antenna being mounted to one side or the other of the mounting pole. Whether an antenna is offset to the left or right is site dependent.

Note: Install the antenna and antenna mount according to the manufacturer’s installation instructions included with the antenna and mount assembly.

Remote Mount The ODU is mounted away from the antenna on a pipe or wall. There are two methods to mount the ODU to a pipe:

• Mounting the ODU to the same pipe as the antenna is mounted.

• Installing a separate pipe mounting kit specifically designed for the ODU remote mount.

There are also two methods to mount the ODU to a wall:

• Fastening the pipe mounting kit to a wall using lag bolts or other suitable fasteners.

• The plates in the pipe mounting kit can be fastened directly to the wall with lag bolts or other suitable fasteners.

With either wall-mount method, the plates attach to the ODU by the four threaded holes.

Flexible waveguide is used for the RF antenna interface with all remote mounting methods. Flexible waveguide is available in 24 in., 30 in., and 36 in. (60.7 cm, 76.2 cm and 91.4 cm) lengths.

Caution: If lubricant is used in the threaded holes in the ODU, avoid applying excessive amounts. An excess of lubricant can create undue pressure when compressed by the bolts resulting in damage to the ODU housing.


Altium Microwave Radio System Installing the ODU

Figure 1-15. ODU Remote Mount

0287



Horizontal Polarization

Figure 1-16. Horizontal Polarization

0317

Waveguide Spacer with "O"- Ring

Radio Bracket with fourM6 x 16mm HD Screws

Attach Radio using four sets ofM10 x 20mm Hex Head Bolts and

Washers supplied with Radio

Feed Receptacle with "O" - Ringsupplied with Feed

Reflector Plate



Vertical Polarization

Figure 1-17. Vertical Polarization

0318

Waveguide Spacer with "O"- Ring

Attach Radio Bracket to Reflector Plateusing four sets of M6 Flat Head Screws

and 19mm dia. Spacers

Reflector Plate

Attach Radio using four sets ofM10 x 20mm Hex Head Bolts and

Washers provided with Radio

Antenna

Polarization Rotator with "O"- Ring

Feed Receptacle and "O"- Ringsupplied with feed



Space Diversity - Slip Fit and WaveguideThe flexible waveguide connector bolts on to the ODU waveguide flange.

Figure 1-18. Space Diversity - Slip Fit and Waveguide

0319

"O"- Ring

Radio Mounting Bracket with clearance for

Waveguide Assembly

Reflector Plate

Antenna

Waveguide Spacer orPolarization Rotator

"O"- Ring

Receptacle

DMC suppliedpart of ISK

Standoff

WR112 Waveguide Assembly



Space Diversity - Flexible WaveguideSpace diversity requires two antennas each for the near and far ends (Figure 1-19). Each antenna is remote mounted to the ODU (connected to the ODU with flexible waveguide).

Figure 1-19. Space Diversity - Flexible Waveguide

0300



Figure 1-20. Flexible Waveguide Connection

Space Diversity - Remote and Direct MountingThe flexible waveguide connector bolts on to the ODU waveguide flange.

Figure 1-21. Flexible Waveguide Connector

0299

FlatWasher

Split-LockWasher

"O"- Ring (far side)Apply a small amount of silicon grease

ODU WaveguideFlange (front view)

WaveguideConnector

ODU

0299

FlatWasher

Split-LockWasher

"O"- Ring (far side)Apply a small amount of silicon grease

ODU WaveguideFlange (front view)

WaveguideConnector

ODU



Offset ConfigurationThe ODU can be mounted offset either to the right or to the left of the mounting pole. The ODU cover can then be installed on either side of the ODU to accommodate either configuration. To reconfigure the ODU offset configuration, remove the washer from the top and bottom hinges. Lift the cover up and off the hinges. Rotate the cover so that it fits on the hinges on the other side. Replace the washers.

Figure 1-22. ODU Offset Configuration

0309

Washer


Installing the IDU/ODU Coaxial Cable Altium Microwave Radio System

Installing the IDU/ODU Coaxial Cable

A 75-ohm coaxial cable connects the IDU to the ODU. The cable connects power to the ODU and allows data to flow between the IDU and ODU.

The IDU provides one TNC-female connector for each SP module. This connector is located on the Access Panel. The ODU connector is one TNC-female connector for each radio side. This connector is located on the bottom of the ODU.

Install one cable in a nonprotected system, two cables in a protected system.

Do not use cables with a copper-clad steel center conductor. The cables should be double- or triple-shielded. Figure 1-2 lists recommended coaxial cables.

• The recommended crimp-type TNC connectors are:

• For RG-6 (Belden 9248): 039-361312-001

• For RG-11 (Belden 9292): 039-361312-002

• The recommended crimping tools for TNC connectors are:

• For RG-6 (Belden 9248): 008-311000-026

• For RG-11 (Belden 9292): 008-311000-027

Note: If there is a conflict of information in this section with the information of the connector manufacturer, follow the procedures of the connector manufacturer.

Preparing the TNC ConnectorsPrepare the cable and install the connector as follows:

1. Cut through the outer jacket, shields, and center conductor dielectric to expose 3.2 mm (1/8 in.) of the center conductor. If the center of the conductor is nicked or cut, begin again.

Table 1-2. Recommended Coaxial Cable

Cable Part No. Impedance No. of Shields Use with Connector Type

Cable Length

Belden 9248(RG-6/U type)

75Ω Two TNC Up to 106 meters (350 ft.)

Belden 9292 (RG-11/U type)

75Ω Duofoil + 61% tinned copper braid

TNC Up to 259 meters (850 ft.)


Altium Microwave Radio System Installing the IDU/ODU Coaxial Cable

2. Remove 6.4 mm (1/4 in.) of the outer jacket and outer foil shield. If any strands of the shield braid are cut, begin again.

3. Fold the exposed braid over the outer jacket.

4. Remove any pieces of the outer foil shield.

5. Remove the inner foil shield from the center conductor dielectric. If the center conductor dielectric is cut, begin again.

6. Place the pin on the center conductor.

7. Crimp the pin onto the center conductor.

8. Install the connector.

9. Crimp the sleeve of the connector.

10. Check the resistance between the conductor and shield (connector) to ensure there is not a short.

3.2 mm (1/8 in)

0142

Conductor

6.4 mm (1/4 in)

0143

Inner Shield Braid

Outer Shield Braid

0144

Inner Shield Braid

Outer Shield Braid

0145

Pin



Coax Cable Service LoopNote: If installing a protected system, label each coaxial cable as A-side or B-side.

Route the coaxial cable from the ODU to the IDU through any pipes, grommets, or other openings. The cable is to be secured from end to end according to local regulations and guidelines. There must be enough cable (service loop) at each end of the cable run to accommodate connecting equipment.

Identifying A-side and B-side CablesIf the cables are not labelled, you can perform a resistance check to identify each cable.

Caution: Check that the coaxial cable is not connected to the IDU or ODU before starting this procedure.

1. Apply a short between the shield and the center conductor of one cable at ODU location.

2. With an ohmmeter at the IDU side of the cable, measure the resistance of each coaxial cable from the shield to center conductor. The cable that you applied the short to will have a much lower resistance than the other cable.

3. Label the identified cable as A at both ends. Label the other coaxial cable as B at both ends of the cable.

0146

Connector Sleeve Connector


Altium Microwave Radio System Installing the IDU/ODU Coaxial Cable

Connecting the Coaxial Cable This procedure describes how to connect the coaxial cables in a protected system. In a nonprotected system, the A-side of the IDU is connected to the A-side on the ODU.

The connectors for installation are listed in Table 1-3 and shown in Figure 1-23.

Figure 1-23. ODU TNC Connectors

To connect coaxial cables to the Altium system:

1. Install the protective cap on the RSSI connector of the ODU.

2. Check that the connectors of the coaxial cables have been labelled. One cable should have each of its connectors labelled A and the other cable should have each of its connectors labelled B.

3. At the ODU, connect the coaxial cable labelled A to the A connector. Connect the coaxial cable labelled B to the B connector.

4. Apply the Vapor Wrap from the installation kit to the TNC connector on the ODU, fully covering the connector to add another weather barrier.

5. At the IDU, connect the coaxial cable labelled A to the A connector (Figure 1-24). Connect the coaxial cable labelled B to the B connector.

Table 1-3. ODU Connectors

Connector Type Description

TNC ODU to IDU cable connector.

BNC Access point for monitoring RSSI (AGC) voltage during system set-up or system maintenance.

Waveguide Flange Antenna to ODU interface. Waveguide types, flanges and screw sizes vary with the frequency band of the radio.

Ground Lug Connection to earth or station ground on tower or other mounting structure.

0235


RSSI BNC Connector


RSSI BNC Connector

A Side B Side

Ground Lug Ground Lug



Figure 1-24. Connecting the Coaxial Cables to the IDU

0301

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT


Altium Microwave Radio System Powering Up

Powering Up

Before you power up the Altium system, check that:

• the system is adequately grounded

• input voltage is between -40.5 VDC and -72 VDC

• fuses are removed

Attach the power connectors to the power input receptacle on the Altium’s Access Panel (Figure 1-25). The negative battery lead is fused at the Access Panel. The fuses, labelled A and B for A-side and B-side radios, act as switches for applying power to the Altium system. To apply power:

1. Insert each fuse into its fuse holder.

2. Turn the fuse to the right ( ) 900 to lock the fuse in its fuse holder.

3. Turn the fuse to the right ( ) another 900 to apply power.

Figure 1-25. Using the Fuses to Apply Power

B

A B

0302

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS


Aligning the Antenna Altium Microwave Radio System

Aligning the Antenna

Antenna alignment is performed with both the near-end and the far-end terminals operating. The antenna position is adjusted while monitoring the RSSI (AGC) for antenna alignment voltage. The higher the RSSI voltage reading, the weaker the signal. To convert a voltage reading (in millivolts) to decibels, divide the voltage reading by ten.

Example: 200 mV = -20 dBm. 210 mV = -21 dBm.

Caution: To ensure optimum system performance, the main lobe of the antenna must be aligned with the center of the far end antenna. Rotate the antenna through the range of radiated power so the main lobe can be positively identified. Each side lobe is approximately 20 dB (200 mV) lower than the preceding lobe as you move away from the main lobe.

This antenna alignment procedure is applicable to both protected and nonprotected system configurations. Align the antenna as follows:

Note: Repeat this procedure if the initial alignment does not produce the correct RSSI reading.

1. Consult your path calculation and adjust the radio’s attenuation level so the -20 dBm (200 mV) maximum is not exceeded at the receiving ODU. Attenuation is set through the WMT (select Configure Radios >> Transceiver).

2. Verify that the IDU and ODU at the far end is operational.

3. At the near-end ODU, remove the protective cap from the RSSI BNC connector.

4. Connect a voltmeter to the RSSI connector and set the voltmeter to measure VDC.

5. Pivot the antenna slowly in the azimuth direction. Monitor the voltmeter and locate the position where the voltage is minimum (null) and record the reading.

Caution: Maximum allowed received signal level is -20 dBm (RSSI reading is greater than 200 mV). If the voltage does not go above approximately 200 mV during alignment, attenuate the power of the transmitter. Refer to Step 1.

6. Monitor the voltmeter and pivot the antenna in the elevation direction. Pivot the antenna to the position where the voltage is minimum on the voltmeter and record the reading.

7. Repeat these steps as necessary to get an accurate reading.

8. Tighten all fasteners and check that the null has not changed. If the null has changed, repeat the procedure until the null is maintained after tightening the fasteners.

9. Through the WMT, check the B side RSSI (AGC) level to assure proper operation.

10. Disconnect the voltmeter and replace the RSSI protective cap.

Note: The signal level over the link is not optimal until both antennas are correctly aligned.


Altium Microwave Radio System Aligning the Antenna

Figure 1-26. RSSI Connector (Protected ODU shown)

Figure 1-27. Antenna Alignment

0237

RSSI A RSSI B


Connecting External Equipment Altium Microwave Radio System

Connecting External Equipment

You can connect various types of equipment and applications to the Altium system through industry standard connectors on the Access Panel (Figure 1-28). You can connect:

• the WMT workstation through the Ethernet hub or Maint connector

• the Handset through the Handset connector

• to a LAN through the Ethernet hub

• Data applications through the VF/Aux Data connector

• Voice applications through the VF/Aux Data connector

• Alarm applications through the Control/Alarms connector

This section does not discuss the power connector (Power on page 1-3), fuses (Power on page 1-3), the ESD connector (Grounding on page 1-5), or the coaxial cable connectors (Connecting the Coaxial Cable on page 1-25).

Figure 1-28. Access Panel Connectors

Ethernet Hub Four RJ-45 connectors provide 10 Base-T Ethernet access (Figure 1-29). The Ethernet data rate is 10 Mbps on the bridge ports and 128 Kbps across the link. The connector on the first port (Connector 1) provides a Media Dependent Interface (MDI-X), a standard interface for unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable. MDI-X provides the crossover function that is necessary when chaining Ethernet hubs together. The connectors for ports 2, 3, and 4 are wired as an MDI interface. The pinout functions are opposite that of port 1 (Table 1-4). The MDI-X interface allows you to use a straight-through cable to chain Ethernet hubs together: you connect an MDI-X port to an MDI port. To use a crossover cable, connect an MDI-X port to an MDI-X port or connect an MDI port to an MDI port (Figure 1-30).

When daisychaining Altium systems together through the Ethernet hub,

0286

Signal Processor A

Signal Processor B

ISAC

Fiber Connectors Fan

B

A

ESD

VF/AUX DATA

CONTROL/ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 2

NMS/AUX 3

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

Handset Connector1 2 3 4

10BaseT Ethernet Hub


Altium Microwave Radio System Connecting External Equipment

remember that:

• Maximum cable length including drop leads is 100 meters

• Each cable provides a point-to-point connection

• Each cable is a single segment

• The cable must be between 85 ohms and 110 ohms

• The cable are terminated with RJ45 connectors

Figure 1-29. Ethernet Hub Pin Locations

Table 1-4. Ethernet Hub Pinouts

Pin Connector 1 (MDI-X) I/O Connectors 2, 3, 4 (MDI) I/O

1 Ethernet transmit data + I Ethernet receive data + O

2 Ethernet transmit data - I Ethernet receive data - O

3 Ethernet receive data + O Ethernet transmit data + I

4 No Connection - No Connection -


6 Ethernet receive data - O Ethernet transmit data - I



0284

1 2 3 4

1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8



Figure 1-30. Daisychaining at a Repeater Site

Figure 1-31. Daisychaining at a Hub Site

0308

ISAC

B

A

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

ISAC

B

A

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

ISAC

B

A

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

ISAC

B

A

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

ISAC

B

A

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

ISAC

B

A

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT



Handset ConnectorThe engineering orderwire (EOW) handset interface is an RJ-11, six-wire modular jack located on the ISAC (Table 1-5 and Table 1-32). The speaker on the ISAC module provides ringing for the handset.

Figure 1-32. Handset RJ-11 Connector

Table 1-5. Handset RJ-11 Connector Pinouts

Pin I/O Function

1 No Connection No Connection


3 I/O Orderwire transmit/receive, tip

4 I/O Orderwire transmit/receive, ring



0285

1 6



NMS/Aux 1 ConnectorThe NMS/Aux 1 port provides a DB-9 male connector for an EIA/TIA-574 level (RS-232) DTE serial interface (Figure 1-33). The port is self-configurable from 50 to 19.2 kbps. NMS/Aux 1 supports a dedicated, high-speed dial-up modem.

Figure 1-33. NMS/Aux 1 DTE Connector

Table 1-6. NMS/AUX 1 DTE Connector Pinouts

Function Pin I/O

Received Line Signal Detector 1 I

Received Data 2 I

Transmitted Data 3 O

DTE Ready 4 O

Signal Ground 5 -

DCE Ready 6 I

Request to Send 7 O

Clear to Send 8 I

Ring Indicator 9 I

DB-9M

1

9

5

6



NMS/Aux 2, NMS/Aux 3 Connector Two male DB-9 connectors provide an RS-232, V.28 level asynchronous, DTE serial interface (Figure 1-34). These ports are self-configurable up to 19.2 Kbps.

Figure 1-34. NMS/Aux 2, NMS/Aux 3 DTE Connectors

Table 1-7. NMS/AUX 2, NMS/Aux 3 DTE Connector Pinouts

Function Pin I/O

No Connection 1 -

Received Data 2 I

Transmitted Data 3 O

No Connection 4 -

Ground 5 -

No Connection 6 -

No Connection 7 -

No Connection 8 -

No Connection 9 -

DB-9M

1

9

5

6



MAINT Connector A DB-9 female connector provides an RS-232, V.28 level asynchronous, DCE serial interface that is self-configurable from 75 bps to 115200 bps (Figure 1-35). The WMT connects to the MAINT connector.

Figure 1-35. Maint DCE Connector

Table 1-8. Maint DCE Connector Pinouts

Function Pin I/O

No Connection 1 -

Received Data 2 O

Transmitted Data 3 I

No Connection 4 -

Ground 5 -

No Connection 6 -

No Connection 7 -

No Connection 8 -

No Connection 9 -

DB-9F

1

9

5

6



VF/AUX DATA ConnectorsThe VF/AUX DB-37 female connector provides an interface for two voice frequency (VF) channels and two data channels (Figure 1-36).

Figure 1-36. VF/AUX DATA Connector

Table 1-9. VF/AUX DATA Connector Pinouts

Function Pin No

I/O

Ground 1 I

Auxiliary channel 1 transmit data, + 20 I

Auxiliary channel 1 transmit data, - 2 I

Auxiliary channel 2 transmit data, + 21 I

Auxiliary channel 2 transmit data, - 3 I

Auxiliary channel transmit clock, + 22 I/O

Auxiliary channel transmit clock, - 4 I/O

Auxiliary channel 1 receive data, + 23 O

Auxiliary channel 1 receive data, - 5 O

Auxiliary channel 2 receive data, + 24 O

Auxiliary channel 2 receive data, - 6 O

Auxiliary channel receive clock, + 25 O

Auxiliary channel receive clock, - 7 O

Voice channel 1 port 1 transmit, TIP 26 I

transmit RING 8 I

receive TIP 28 O

receive RING 10 O

20

DB-37f

1

37

19




transmit RING 12 I

receive TIP 34 O

receive RING 16 O


transmit RING 13 I

receive TIP 35 O

receive RING 17 O


transmit RING 9 I

receive TIP 29 O

receive RING 11 O


transmit RING 14 I

receive TIP 36 O

receive RING 18 O


transmit RING 15 I

receive TIP 37 O

receive RING 19 O

Table 1-9. VF/AUX DATA Connector Pinouts (Continued)

Function Pin No

I/O



CONTROL/ALARMS ConnectorThe CONTROL/ALARMS DB-37 female connector provides eight TTL inputs, four TTL outputs, and four relays (Figure 1-37).

Figure 1-37. Control/Alarms Connector

Table 1-10.Control/Alarms Connector

Function Pin No

I/O

Ground 1

External TTL input 1, 20 I

External TTL input 2 2 I







Common Ground 24 I

TTL Control output 1 6 O




Relay control output 1, normally closed contact 8 O

Relay control output 1, common contact 27 O

Relay control output 1, normally open contact 9 O




20

DB-37f

1

37

19









Ground 14

Speaker output, tip 33 O

Speaker output, ring 15 O

Not used 34

Not used 16

Not used 35

Not used 17

Not used 36

Not used 18

Not used 37

Not used 19

Table 1-10.Control/Alarms Connector (Continued)

Function Pin No

I/O


Chapter 2

System Commissionin g

This chapter provides information on verifying the correct operation of the Altium system after installation.

Overview

System commissioning testing verifies proper operation of a newly installed DMC Altium radio system. This chapter provides testing procedures to insure the radio system is performing according to specifications. In some cases, more extensive testing (optional) may be necessary as dictated by local requirements. These test procedures are also provided. It is assumed that antenna alignment is complete and there are no system alarms.

Note: In many installations the Altium ODU is mounted directly on the antenna with a Slip-fit connector. Performing the optional commissioning tests are not always practical and are left to the discretion of the user.

Tests Performed• Local and remote loopbacks

• RSSI measurement

• Fade margin calculation

• Bit error performance

• Voltage checks

• TX power (checked with WMT)

• Frequency check (checked with WMT)

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 System Commissioning 2-1

Preliminary Checks Altium Microwave Radio System

Required Test Equipment• Laptop computer

• Optical STM-1/OC-3 Bit Error Analyzer

• Digital voltmeter (DVM)

Optional TestsOptional tests require the following test equipment:

• Fade margin

• TX power

• Frequency check

• Receive signal level measurement

Optional Test Equipment• Power meter

• Frequency counter

• Variable Vane attenuator (0-50 dB)

• Necessary waveguide-SMA transitions, cables, screws and nuts

Preliminary Checks

Preliminary checks are intended to visually inspect and record the state of the Altium installation before you begin the commissioning tests. Check the following:

1. Visually inspect all equipment for obvious physical damage that occurred during the installation. (Minor paint scratches can be expected.)

2. Make sure all equipment and cabling is tightly secured and properly dressed.

3. Equipment has been properly grounded.

Note any discrepancies in the Notes section of the field commissioning form.

2-2 System Commissioning PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Altium Microwave Radio System Test Procedures

Test Procedures

Before you begin these test procedures make sure you have all the required test equipment and accessories. These procedures are written assuming you are commissioning an MHSB 1+1 system. You might need to adjust these procedures to accommodate your particular system configuration. Use the Altium System Field Commissioning Form, located at the end of this chapter, to record system data and test results. Make copies of this form - do not use the original. Some tests require viewing certain WMT screens. Refer to Chapter 4, WMT Screens Reference, for more information.

Customer InformationOn the Altium System Field Commissioning Form, record the Customer Information in the appropriate section of the form. Refer to Altium System Field Commissioning Form on page 2-13.

Test Data

Input DC Voltage

Using a DVM, measure and record the input DC voltage at the power connector on the front of the IDU panel. Record the reading.

WMT RSSI

On the WMT, go to the Events & Performance screen and select RSSI. Record the reading. See RSSI on page 4-64.

WMT TX Power

On the WMT, go to the Transceiver Configuration screen. Record the reading. See Transceiver Configuration on page 4-52.

WMT TX/RX Frequency

On the WMT, go to the Synthesizer Configuration screen. Record the reading. See Synthesizer Configuration on page 4-50.

Calculated Fade Margin

Subtract the WMT RSSI reading from the Altium receiver threshold specification and record this number on the commissioning form.

Example: The WMT RSSI displayed a reading of –38dBm. The Altium receiver specification is –69dBm at 10-6. Subtracting 38 from 69 results in a calculated fade margin of 31dB. (Receiver specification depends on the radio frequency and bit rate.)


Test Procedures Altium Microwave Radio System

Loopback TestsThe loopback test checks the operation of the entire radio system. These tests can substitute for BER tests using external BER test set if such a test set is not available.

Local IF Loopback

1. Go to the loopback section on the WMT.

2. Select SP-A.

3. Select Local IF loopback.

4. Select Tributary 1.

5. Click Run Test.

6. Run the test for the required amount of time, then click Stop Test.

7. Note and record the number of errors on the commissioning form.

8. Repeat the test sequence for SP-B.

9. Repeat the test sequence for SP-A & SP-B at the other end of the link.

Remote LIU Loopback

1. Go to the Locking Control screen on the WMT. See Locking Controls Screen on page 4-72.

2. Select the A-side RF TX & RX and the SP RX selections at both ends of the link.

3. Go to the loop back section on the WMT.

4. Select Remote LIU loop back.


6. Click Run Test.

7. Run the test for the required amount of time then click Stop Test.


9. Select the B-side RF TX & RX and the SP RX selections at both ends of the link.

10. Go to the loop back section on the WMT.

11. Select Remote LIU loopback.


13. Click Run Test.

14. Run the test for the required amount of time then click Stop Test.


Note: It is not necessary to repeat these steps from the other end of the link.


Altium Microwave Radio System Test Procedures

Bit Error Tests1. Connect a BERTS test set to the SP-A optical connections at each end of

the link. If only one BERT test set is available, a cable can be used to loop back the optical TX & RX at one end of the link. (Check installation section in manual for exact location.)

2. Select the A-side RF TX & RX and the SP RX selections at both ends of the link.

3. Run the test for required amount of time.

4. Record the test time and number of errors on the commissioning form.

5. Connect a BERTS test set to the SP-B optical connections at each end of the link. If only one BERT test set is available, a cable can be used to loop back the optical TX & RX at one end of the link.

6. Select the B-side RF TX & RX and the SP RX selections at both ends of the link.

7. Run the test for required amount of time.

8. Record the test time and number of errors on the commissioning form.

This completes the normal commissioning tests for the Altium radio system. If all tests have met specified parameters, your system is now ready to have traffic connected. If any tests have failed to meet specifications, consult the troubleshooting section of this manual for assistance (Chapter 3, System Troubleshooting). If further help is required, contact DMC customer service.


Optional Tests Altium Microwave Radio System

Optional Tests

Note: In many installations the Altium ODU is mounted directly on the antenna with a slip fit connector. Performing the optional commissioning tests is not always practical and are left to the discretion of the user.

Receive Signal Level (RSL)Refer to the test setup shown in Figure 2-1.

1. Measure and record the Receive Signal Level on the commissioning form.

Note: It is not necessary to repeat these steps from the other end of the link.

Fade Margin TestRefer to the test setup shown in Figure 2-2.

1. To connect SMA cables and the variable vane attenuator (AT1), first connect the ODU end of SMA cable B to the power meter. Set AT1 to 0 dB attenuation.

2. Take this measurement and subtract this reading from the RSL reading taken in the RSL test. This is the loss through SMA cables A and B plus AT1.

Example: RSL test measured a –38 dBm. Measurement at SMA cable B is –41 dBm. 38 from 41 is a 3 dB loss through the test set up.

3. Connect SMA cables and AT1.

4. Connect the BERTS test set to the on line SP module.

5. Slowly insert attenuation with AT1.

6. Continue until the BERTS test set indicates a BER rate of 10-6.

7. Note the attenuation setting on AT1.

8. Add the test set up loss calculated in Step 2 to the attenuation setting on AT1. This is the actual fade margin.

Example: Step 2 shows a 3 dB test set up loss. AT1 shows 28 dB of attenuation. Adding 28 to the test set up loss (3 dB) shows a fade margin of 31 dB.

Note: The optional fade margin test should be within +/- 4 dB of the calculated fade margin noted in the Test Data section of the commissioning form. It is not necessary to repeat these steps from the other end of the link.


Altium Microwave Radio System Optional Tests

Frequency MeasurementRefer to the test setup shown in Figure 2-3.

1. Go the WMT Locking Control screen and select A-side RF TX. See Locking Controls Screen on page 4-72.

2. Take the frequency measurement and record it on the commissioning form.

3. Go to the WMT Locking Control screen and select B-side RF TX.

4. Take the frequency measurement and record it on the commissioning form.

5. Repeat steps 1-5 at the other end of the link.

Note: The frequency counter must be able to average the QAM modulated signal to read the correct frequency.

TX PowerRefer to the test setup shown in Figure 2-4.

6. Go to the WMT Locking Control screen and select the A-side RF TX. See Locking Controls Screen on page 4-72.

7. Take the TX power measurement and record it on commissioning form.

8. Go to the WMT Locking Control screen and select B-side RF TX.

9. Take the TX power measurement and record it on commissioning form.

10. Repeat these steps at the other end of the link.

This completes the optional commissioning tests for the Altium radio system. If all tests have met specified parameters, your system is now ready to have traffic connected. If any tests have failed to meet specifications, consult the troubleshooting section of this manual for assistance (Chapter 3, System Troubleshooting). If further help is required, contact DMC customer service.



Figure 2-1. Test Setup - Received Signal Level

Signal Module

Signal Module

ISAC Module

B

A

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

Fan

Signal Module

Signal Module

ISAC Module

A

B

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

Fan

Altium ODUODU, Prot. Waveguide-SMA

transition (4)

RG-6 Cables

Altium IDU

WMT Altium IDU

BERTS

to SP module under test

RG-6 Cables

Altium ODU

PowerMeter

PowerSensor

SMA Cable

Bit Error RateTest Set

0313

Remote Local



Figure 2-2. Test Setup - Fade Margin

Signal Module

Signal Module

ISAC Module

B

A

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

Fan

Signal Module

Signal Module

ISAC Module

A

B

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

Fan


transition (4)

RG-6 Cables

Altium IDU

WMT Altium IDU

BERTS


RG-6 Cables

Altium ODU

PowerMeter

Power Sensor

AT1

SMA Cable A


0312

Remote Local



Figure 2-3. Test Setup - Frequency Measurement

Signal Module

Signal Module

ISAC Module

B

A

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

Fan

Signal Module

Signal Module

ISAC Module

A

B

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

Fan


transition (4)

RG-6 Cables

Altium IDU

WMT Altium IDU

BERTS


RG-6 Cables

Altium ODUFrequency Counter

SMA Cable


0315

Remote Local

7.775.00



Figure 2-4. Test Setup - Transmit Power

Signal Module

Signal Module

ISAC Module

B

A

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

Fan

Signal Module

Signal Module

ISAC Module

A

B

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

Fan


transition (4)

RG-6 Cables

Altium IDU

WMT Altium IDU

BERTS


RG-6 Cables

Altium ODU

PowerMeter

Power Sensor

SMA Cable


0314

Remote Local



Altium System Field Commissioning Form

Customer Information

Customer: _________________________________________________________________________

Site Name: _________________________ Far End: __________________________

Terminal ConfigurationNon-Protected 1+0 MHSB 1+1 Space Diversity Frequency Diversity

Terminal Data

IP Address: _______________________ RG-6 Cable Length: _____________________

Antenna Azimuth: ________________ Antenna Size: ___________________________

Orderwire Address: _______________

Test Data

Input DC Voltage: A: _______VDC B: _______ VDC

WMT RSSI: A: _______ dBm B: _______ dBm

WMT TX Power: A: _______ dBm B: _______ dBm

WMT TX/RX Frequency: TX: _______________ GHz RX: _______________ GHz

Calculated Fade Margin: _______ dBm

Loopback Tests

Local IF Loopback: A: pass fail B: pass fail

Remote IF Loopback: A: pass fail B: pass fail

Bit Error Tests

A to A: Test Duration __________ HoursNumber of Errors: __________

B to B: Test Duration ___________ HoursNumber of Errors: __________



Optional TestsReceive Signal Level: _______ dBm

Fade Margin: _______ dBm

TX Power: A:_______ dBm B:_______ dBm

TX Frequency A:_______________ GHzB:_______________ GHz

Notes:________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________


Chapter 3

System Troubleshootin g

This chapter provides information on: interpreting the LED indicators on the IDU and system modules; replacing modules.

Overview

Each replaceable module in the Altium system is equipped with a red module fail LED. When this LED is on, it usually indicates that the module should be replaced.

Before you begin troubleshooting the Altium radio:

• Check the coaxial cable - Perform a visual inspection on each cable for any sign of kinks, unnecessary bending, and cracking or other damage to the insulation

To replace the coaxial cable, refer to Installing the IDU/ODU Coaxial Cable on page 1-22.

• Check the signal path - The path can be monitored by checking the received signal level and BER performance through the WMT. Refer to Aligning the Antenna on page 1-28 to measure the received signal level.

• Check power - Use a digital voltmeter to check that the power supply input and output are within limits. Power to the Altium system must be between -40.5 VDC and -72 VDC.

The WMT is also an important troubleshooting tool: you use it to view error messages, status screens, and to perform any system reconfiguration. Refer to Chapter 4, WMT Screens Reference, for more information.

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 System Troubleshooting 3-1

LED Alarm and Status Indications Altium Microwave Radio System

LED Alarm and Status Indications

IDU LEDsFigure 3-1 describes the four status LEDs on the Access Panel and the LED indicators on the various Altium modules. MAJ (major) and MIN (minor) alarms indicate the current state of the Altium system.

Figure 3-1. IDU LEDs

0286

Signal Processor A

Signal Processor B

ISAC

B

ANMS/AUX1 NMS/AUX1

NMS/AUX2MAINT

ESD

The ODU LED lights red to indicate a traffic-affecting fault in the ODU. It lights yellow to indicate a non-traffic affecting fault and the fault is in the path or ODU.

The MIN LED lights yellow to indicate a non-traffic affecting fault. The fault can be in the IDU, ODU, or transmit/receive paths. A flashing yellow LED indicates that the far end receiver is showing a major alarm.

The MAJ LED lights red to indicate a traffic-affecting fault in the IDU, ODU,or transmit/receive paths. This LED can also indicate a BER performance worse than 10 in the online receive direction.-3

The MAINT LED lights green to indicate a normal condition. A flashing green LED indicates that a self test is in progress. The maintenance alarm LED lights yellow to indicate that switching is locked. A flashing yellow LED indicates that local or remote loopback testing is in progress.The maintenance alarm LED lights red to indicate that the ATPC request has timed out.

The SP Module status LED lights green when the SP module (TX, RX or both)is online. When the SP module is offline, the LED is off.

The SP Module fail LED lights red when the SP module is malfunctioning. When the SP module is working correctly, the module fail LED is off.The Fan Module fail LED lights red when the fan module is malfunctioning. When the fan module is working correctly, the module fail LED is off.

The ISAC Module fail LED lights redwhen the ISAC module is malfunctioning. When the ISAC module is working correctly, the module fail LED is off.

ISAC Module Fail LED

SP ModuleFail LED

SP ModuleStatus LED

Fan ModuleFail LED

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

3-2 System Troubleshooting PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Altium Microwave Radio System LED Alarm and Status Indications

ODU LEDsFigure 3-2 describes the status LEDs on the OSAC module and the LED indicators on the RF plug-in modules.

Figure 3-2. ODU LEDs

B-side Status LED

The Module Fail LED is red.When the LED is on, the RFplug-in is malfunctioning. When the LED is off, the RFplug-in is working correctly.

The Status LED is green. When the LED is on, the RF plug-in is on-line. Whenthe LED is off, the RF plug-in is off-line.

The OSAC Module Fail LED is red. When it is on, the OSAC is malfunctioning. When it is off, the OSAC is working correctly.If this LED is flashing, the OSAC is being initializedor there is an RFTX switchfault.

B-side Module Fail LED

OSAC Module Fail LED

A-side Module Fail LED

A-side Status LED


LED Troubleshooting Altium Microwave Radio System

LED Troubleshooting

Table 3-1. LED Troubleshooting

SP module fail LED Red

WMT Events SP A/B transmit summary alarm

Possible Failure Optical input, Mux PLL, 310 IF

Recommended Action Replace SP module.

WMT Events SP A/B receive summary alarm

Possible Failure Demux PLL, Demod PLL

Recommended Action Replace SP module.

ISAC module fail LED Red

WMT Events ISAC summary alarm

Possible Failure Watchdog alarm, Serial device alarm, Ethernet hub alarm

Recommended Action Replace ISAC module.

Fan module fail LED Red

WMT Events Fan summary alarm

Possible Failure Front fan, rear fan, fan IDPROM

Recommended Action Replace fan module.

RF Plug-in LED Red

WMT Events RF Plug-in No Response

Possible Failure TX synth, power amp, 310 ALC, ATPC

Recommended Action Replace RF Plug-in module.

WMT Events RF plug-in receive summary alarm

Possible Failure RX synth

Recommended Action Replace RF Plug-in module.

OSAC LED Red

WMT Events OSAC summary alarm

Possible Failure OSAC ID PROM

Recommended Action Replace OSAC module.

OSAC LED Flashing Red

WMT Events RF TX A/B switch alarm

Possible Failure RF Distribution module, Watchdog alarm

Recommended Action Replace RF Distribution module.


Altium Microwave Radio System Indirectly Detected and Undetected Faults

Indirectly Detected and Undetected Faults

There can be faults that go undetected or are expressed by a module that is not itself the cause of the fault. This requires a process of elimination based on experience, especially since it is usually not practical to bring special test equipment to the site.

As an example, if an RF Plug-in has a noisy receive local oscillator, this problem shows up as a high BER condition and possibly as a receive SP alarm LED. The first approach would be to replace the SP card. When this didn’t solve the problem the RF Plug-in would be the next module to replace. After replacing the RF Plug-in module the problem would be resolved. A similar situation could arise from a path or remote transmitter problem, particularly in a non-protected system with only one receiver.

The proper isolation of these types of problems comes from careful observation of present indications (active LEDs and WMT active fault log) and historical data (WMT fault history log). RSSI readings can also help determine whether it is a possible path condition that is causing the fault. If the Altium system is protected, various transmit/receive on-line combinations can be put into service to isolate the faulty unit. DMC customer service can also provide assistance. See Customer Service on page xiii.

Returning Equipment to DMC

When you replace a module that must be returned to DMC for repairs, you must:

1. Obtain a Return Material Authorization number from

2. Include the part number, serial number, and information regarding the environment the module operated in.


Replacing the SP Module Nonprotected System Altium Microwave Radio System

Replacing the SP Module Nonprotected System

Warning: Replacing the SP module in a nonprotected system will affect traffic.

1. Remove power from the IDU using the fuse on the Access Panel. Refer to Removing and Applying Power on page 3-10.

2. Disconnect the IF cable from the SP module (Figure 3-3). Make sure all cables are labelled before removing them.

3. Unseat the SP module using its extractor levers and slide the module out about 6 in. (15 cm) to access the optical connectors (Figure 3-4).

4. Remove the optical cables. Make sure all cables are labelled before removing them.

5. Remove the SP module.

6. Install the new SP module. In a nonprotected system, the SP module is installed in the upper slot.

7. Reconnect the cables.

8. Apply power. Refer to Removing and Applying Power on page 3-10.

Figure 3-3. Replacing the SP Module - Nonprotected System

0272

Extractor Levers

I.F. Cable


Altium Microwave Radio System Replacing the SP Module Nonprotected System

Figure 3-4. Replacing the SP Module - Nonprotected System


InOut


Replacing the SP Module Protected System Altium Microwave Radio System

Replacing the SP Module Protected System

Warning: Replacing the SP module will affect traffic.

1. Remove power from the SP module you are replacing using the fuse on the Access Panel. Refer to Removing and Applying Power on page 3-10.

2. Disconnect the IF cable from the SP module (Figure 3-5). Make sure all cables are labelled before removing them.

3. Unseat the SP module using its extractor levers and slide the module out until about 6 in. (15 cm) to access the optical connectors.

4. Remove the optical cables. Make sure all cables are labelled before removing them.

5. Remove the SP module.

6. Install the new SP module and reconnect the cables.

7. Apply power. Refer to Removing and Applying Power on page 3-10.

Figure 3-5. Replacing the SP Module - Protected System

0272

Extractor Levers

I.F. Cable


Altium Microwave Radio System Replacing the SP Module Protected System

Figure 3-6. Replacing the SP Module - Protected System


InOut


Removing and Applying Power Altium Microwave Radio System

Removing and Applying Power

Warning: Removing power from the Altium radio will affect traffic.

Power to the Altium system is controlled through the two fuses, labelled A and B, on the Access Panel (Figure 3-7). The fuses also function as power switches. In a nonprotected system the fuse labelled A controls the power to the system.

To remove power from the Altium system, turn each fuse one half turn to the left ( ). At this point, power is disconnected from the Altium system.

To remove a fuse, turn the fuse another half turn to the left ( ) and pull it straight out.

If you replace a fuse, use a 5 amp SloBlo (5 x 20) fuse.

Figure 3-7. Removing and Applying Power

B

A B

0302

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS


Altium Microwave Radio System Replacing the ISAC Module

Replacing the ISAC Module

Replacing the ISAC does not affect traffic. The ISAC module can be replaced without powering down the IDU.

Caution: Use a wrist strap connected to the Front Panel ESD ground for all IDU module replacement.

1. Remove the Ethernet and handset cables from the ISAC module (Figure 3-8). Make sure all cables are labelled before removing them.

2. Unseat the ISAC module using its extractor levers and then slide it out two to three inches. Remove the two ribbon cables that connect the ISAC module to the motherboard.

3. Remove the ISAC module and place it on a flat static-free surface.

4. Remove the configuration PROM and insert it into the new ISAC module (Figure 3-9).

5. Install the new ISAC module and reconnect the ribbon cables before seating it. After the ribbon cables are reconnected, seat the module and reconnect the Ethernet hub and handset cables.

Figure 3-8. Removing Cables from the ISAC Module

0206

Extractor Levers

Ethernet Hub

Handset Connection

Ribbon Cables


Replacing the ISAC Module Altium Microwave Radio System

Figure 3-9. ISAC Configuration PROM

0207

Configuration PROM


Altium Microwave Radio System Replacing the Fan Module

Replacing the Fan Module

The fan module can be replaced without affecting traffic.

Warning: Do not operate the Altium system over 15 minutes without the fan module.

1. Unplug the fan module (Figure 3-10).

2. Install the new fan module.

Figure 3-10. Replacing the Fan Module

0198 FanPull Here


Replacing the RF Plug-in Module Nonprotected System Altium Microwave Radio System

Replacing the RF Plug-in Module Nonprotected System

1. Disconnect the rigid cables C1 - C3 shown in Figure 3-11. To disconnect a rigid cable, use a 3/8 in. (1 cm) hex wrench and loosen both ends of the cable. Then continue to loosen the hex nut on the RF Plug-in end of the rigid cable until you disconnect the cable.

Caution: Take care not to bend the rigid cables.

2. Loosen the captive fasteners F1 - F4. Captive fastener F3 is recessed and requires that you use a long, narrow-blade screwdriver to loosen it.

3. Remove RF unit.

4. Install the new RF unit.

5. Tighten the captive fasteners.

6. Connect the cables. Be careful you do not over-torque the hex nuts.

7. Check/set transmit and receive frequencies.

8. Check/set transmit output power.

9. Check RSSI voltage.

10. Check and verify performance.

Figure 3-11. Replacing the RF Plug-in Module (Nonprotected System)

0306

C1

C2

C3

F1, F2

F3*

F4

Recessed. Use a long, narrow-blade screwdriver.*


Altium Microwave Radio System Replacing the RF Plug-in Module Protected System

Replacing the RF Plug-in Module Protected System

There are two RF Plug-in modules in a protected system, labelled side A and Side B. Replacement procedures are the same for either side. Refer to Figure 3-12 to disconnect the rigid cables for the side you are replacing.

1. Disconnect the rigid cables shown in Figure 3-12. To disconnect a rigid cable, use a 3/8 in. (1 cm) hex wrench and loosen both ends of the cable. Then continue to loosen the hex nut on the RF Plug-in end of the rigid cable until you disconnect the cable.


2. Loosen the captive fasteners (Figure 3-12).

3. Remove RF unit.


5. Tighten captive fasteners.

6. Connect cables. Be careful you do not over-torque the hex nuts.






Replacing the RF Plug-in Module Protected System Altium Microwave Radio System

Figure 3-12. Replacing the RF Plug-in Module (Protected System)

0288

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

F5, F6

F7*

F8

F1, F2

F3*

F4

*Recessed. Use a long, narrow-blade screwdriver.


Altium Microwave Radio System Replacing the RF Plug-in Module Space Diversity System

Replacing the RF Plug-in Module Space Diversity System

There are two RF Plug-in modules in a Space Diversity system, labelled side A and Side B. Replacement procedures are the same for either side. Refer to Figure 3-13 to disconnect the rigid cables for the side you are replacing.

1. Disconnect the rigid cables shown in Figure 3-13. To disconnect a rigid cable, use a 3/8 in. (1 cm) hex wrench and loosen both ends of the cable. Then continue to loosen the hex nut at the RF Plug-in to disconnect the cable from it.


2. Loosen the captive fasteners.

3. Remove RF unit.


5. Tighten captive fasteners.







Replacing the RF Plug-in Module Space Diversity System Altium Microwave Radio System

Figure 3-13. Replacing the RF Plug-in Module (Space Diversity System)

0307

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

F1, F2

F3*

F4

F5, F6

F7*

F8

*Recessed. Use a long, narrow-blade screwdriver.


Altium Microwave Radio System Replacing the RF Distribution Module Nonprotected Sys-tem

Replacing the RF Distribution Module Nonprotected System

1. Disconnect the rigid cables shown in Figure 3-14. To disconnect a rigid cable, use a 3/8 in. (1 cm) hex wrench and loosen both ends of the cable. Then continue to loosen the hex nut at the RF distribution module to disconnect the cable it.


2. Loosen the captive fasteners.

3. Remove the RF distribution module.

4. Install the new RF distribution module.

5. Tighten the captive fasteners.






Figure 3-14. Replacing the RF Distribution Module (Nonprotected System)

0306rfd

F1

F2F3

F4

F5

F6

F7F8

F9


Replacing the RF Distribution Module Protected System Altium Microwave Radio System

Replacing the RF Distribution Module Protected System

To remove the RF Distribution module, you must also remove the side B RF Plug-in Module. Screw heads on the side B RF plug-in module protrude into the clearance required to lift the RF distribution unit out.

1. Completely disconnect the rigid cables shown in Figure 3-15. To disconnect a rigid cable, use a 3/8 in. (1 cm) hex wrench and loosen both ends of the cable. Then continue to loosen the each hex nut to disconnect the cable.


2. Loosen the captive fasteners on the side B RF Plug-in Module and remove it.

3. Loosen the captive fasteners on the RF Distribution Module and remove it.

4. Install the new the RF distribution module and tighten the captive fasteners.

5. Install the RF Plug-in module and tighten the captive fasteners.







Altium Microwave Radio System Replacing the RF Distribution Module Protected System

Figure 3-15. Replacing the RF Distribution Module (Protected System)

0288rfd

F1

F2F3

F4

F5

F6

F7

F8

F9


Replacing the RF Distribution Module Space Diversity SystemAltium Microwave Radio Sys-tem

Replacing the RF Distribution Module Space Diversity System

To remove the RF Distribution module, it is recommended that you first remove each RF Plug-in module (side A in a nonprotected ODU and sides A and B in a protected ODU).

1. Completely disconnect the rigid cables shown in Figure 3-14. To disconnect a rigid cable, use a 3/8 in. (1 cm) hex wrench and loosen both ends of the cable. Then continue to loosen the each hex nut to disconnect the cable.


2. Loosen the captive fasteners on the side B RF Plug-in Module and remove it.

3. Loosen the captive fasteners on the RF Distribution Module and remove it.

4. Install the new the RF distribution module and tighten the captive fasteners.

5. Install the RF Plug-in module and tighten the captive fasteners.







Altium Microwave Radio SystemReplacing the RF Distribution Module Space Diversity Sys-tem

Figure 3-16. Replacing the RF Distribution Module (Space Diversity System)

0307rfd

F1

F2F3

F4F5F6

F7

F8

F9

F10

F11

F12

F13


Replacing the OSAC Module Altium Microwave Radio System

Replacing the OSAC Module

The procedure for replacing the OSAC module is the same for the nonprotected, protected, and protected space diversity system.

Note: Replacing the OSAC module does not affect traffic.

1. Loosen the captive fastener (A in Figure 3-17).

2. Pull the OSAC straight out.

3. Slide the new OSAC into the guides and push it firmly to seat it into the connector.

4. Tighten the captive fastener.

Figure 3-17. Replacing the OSAC Module

0288osac

F1


Chapter 4

WMT Screens Reference

This chapter provides provides information on: using the WMT; starting and exiting the WMT; connecting your terminal to the WMT; understanding the fields on each WMT screen.

Overview

The WMT allows you to:

• Set and change the Altium radio’s configuration: You can set and change radio configuration parameters at each end of a link, and make dynamic adjustments to these parameters, such as fine tuning attenuation levels and BER thresholds, and various other radio characteristics.

• Download software: You can download and activate software upgrades to both the near end and far end radios, or upgrade only selected radios on a link.

• Monitor and report status, performance, and alarms: You can monitor real time link status and performance data and identify radio or link problems. Several reports track link conditions that can help to isolate alarm conditions.

• Control operation: You can change protection settings to accommodate hardware configuration changes.

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 WMT Screens Reference 4-1

Overview Web Maintenance Terminal

Table 4-1 lists all the WMT screens.

Table 4-1. WMT Screen Summary

Main Menu Submenu Submenu

Link Status Screen on page 4-34

Configure Radios Screens on page 4-36

Link Information Screen on page 4-37

IDU Screens on page 4-38 Aux Data Channel Screen on page 4-38

External Mux on page 4-40

Relay Configuration on page 4-41

SP Configuration on page 4-42

Control TTL Input Configuration on page 4-43

Control TTL Output Configuration on page 4-44

VF Channel Configuration on page 4-45

ODU Screens on page 4-46 RF Control on page 4-46

RF Distribution Frequency on page 4-48

RF Distribution Configuration on page 4-49

Synthesizer Configuration on page 4-50

Transceiver Configuration on page 4-52

Network Management System on page 4-53

Maintenance Port on page 4-53

Modem Configuration on page 4-55

NMS on page 4-56

NMS Aux Ports Configuration on page 4-57

Configure Port 1 on page 4-58

Events and Performance Screens on page 4-59

Active Events on page 4-59

Performance on page 4-62

RSSI on page 4-64

Radio Status on page 4-65

Loopback Test Screen on page 4-66

Locking Controls Screen on page 4-72

Software Screens on page 4-73

Download Screen on page 4-73

Activate Screen on page 4-75

Software Versions Screen on page 4-76

Date and Time Screen on page 4-77

Manufacturing Data Screen on page 4-78

4-2 WMT Screens Reference PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Web Maintenance Terminal Overview

WMT NavigationBecause the WMT graphical interface is browser based, WMT functions and features are accessed through familiar buttons and dialog boxes.

Browser navigation buttons (Figure 4-1):

• WMT functions - a dropdown list of functions.

• WMT functions submenu - some functions contain submenus and are displayed in this frame.

• Radio Address - the radio’s address is entered here.

• Display field - contains status and configuration settings.

• Modifiable field - these fields set parameters

• Frames - independently displayed areas of a screen.

Figure 4-1. WMT User Interface

Browser Navigation Buttons

Address of Radio

Drop-down List of WMT FunctionsWMT Functions Submenu

Display-only Field Modifiable FieldFrames



A WMT session uses frames to display information. The top frame, which contains the WMT menu, is a permanent frame. It displays for all WMT screens.

The starting screen for a WMT session is the Link Status screen (Figure 4-2). To go to another WMT screen, click in the menu list to display the WMT menu. Click a menu item to display that WMT screen. For example, click the menu list, click Configure Radios (Figure 4-3), and WMT displays the Configure Radios screen (Figure 4-4).

Figure 4-2. WMT Start-up Screen



Figure 4-3. WMT Menu List

Click to display the Configure Radios screen



Figure 4-4. Configure Radios Screen

Configure Radios Menu



Send and Reset ButtonsSome screens have a Send or Reset button. The Send button sends changed configuration information on the screen to the radio (Figure 4-5).

The Reset button sets the statistics on the screen to zero; the WMT begins again to accumulate statistics for that screen (Figure 4-6).

Figure 4-5. Send Button

Send Button



Figure 4-6. Reset Button

Reset Button


Web Maintenance Terminal Connecting the WMT to the Altium Radio

Connecting the WMT to the Altium Radio

There are two ways to connect directly to the WMT:

• Connecting to the Ethernet hub. You use an Ethernet 10Base-T cable to connect your terminal, through its network interface card, to the Ethernet hub. See Making an Ethernet Connection on page 4-9.

• Connecting to the MAINT connector. You use a serial cable to connect your terminal (RS-232, V.28 signal levels), through a COMM port, to the MAINT connector on the Access Panel. See Connecting through the MAINT Connector on page 4-14.

A remote connection is described here as using the local radio as a gateway to connect to the far end. See Connecting to the Far End from the Local Radio on page 4-29.

Figure 4-7. Connecting the WMT

Making an Ethernet ConnectionTo make an Ethernet connection from your terminal to the WMT, your terminal must be equipped with an Ethernet interface and you must use a length of 10Base-T cable. For more information on the Ethernet hub, see Ethernet Hub on page 1-30.

This procedure describes how to determine the IP address and subnet mask for your terminal.

0229

B

A

ESD

VF DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

MAINTConnector

EthernetHub

SerialPort

EthernetCard


Connecting the WMT to the Altium Radio Web Maintenance Terminal

1. In the Control Panel, click Network.

Network



2. In Network, select TCP/IP...Ethernet and click Properties.

Properties



3. In Properties, enter the IP Address, the Subnet Mask, and click OK.

First determine what the subnet mask is. Examine the IP address of the Altium radio. The IP address is printed on the ISAC module. Use the module’s extraction levers to pull the module out until you see the label with the IP address on it. Write the IP address down.

Referring to Table 4-2, examine the first byte of the IP address to determine the subnet mask.

Example: If the IP address of your Altium radio is 192.168.0.19, the first byte is 192. According to Table 4-2, the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. This is the entry for Subnet Mask.

The IP address of your terminal is determined using the IP address of the

Table 4-2. Subnet Mask

First Byte of IP Address Subnet Mask

From 192 to 255 255.255.255.0

From 128 to 191 255.255.0.0

From 1 to 127 255.0.0.0



Altium radio and the subnet mask. For each byte in the subnet mask that equals 255, use the corresponding byte in the Altium radio’s IP address to construct your terminal’s IP address. Zeros in the subnet mask indicate that the corresponding value in the terminals IP address can be any value from 0 to 255 that doesn’t match that byte in the Altium radio’s IP address.

Example: If the IP address of your Altium radio is 192.168.0.19, according to Table 4-2 the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. The corresponding bytes for the local terminal’s IP address are 192, 168, and 0. Use any number, except 19, for the last byte to obtain the IP address. In this example, using 1 gives an IP address of 192.168.0.1 for the local terminal. This is the entry for IP Address.

4. Message boxes prompt you to restart your terminal. Check the settings you made when your terminal has restarted.

5. Start you internet browser.

6. Enter the IP address of the local Altium radio as the URL.

Example: http://192.168.0.19\Deafult.htm. Default.htm is the file name of the starting WMT screen.

7. The WMT should display the Link Status screen immediately.



Connecting through the MAINT ConnectorYou can make a serial connection to the Altium radio using an RS-232 cable to connect a COM port on your terminal to the MAINT connector on the Access Panel. This procedure also requires that you load a modem driver. The driver is on a floppy disk that comes with the Altium radio.

This procedure must be completed once.

1. Open the Control Panel (Start|Settings|Contol Panel)

2. In the Control Panel click Modems.

Modem



3. In Modem Properties click Add.

4. In Install New Modem, check Don’t detect my modem... and click Next.

Add



5. Click Have Disk...

6. Insert the floppy with the modem driver into the floppy drive on your terminal. In Install From Disk click OK. Use the Browse button to locate the modem driver if it is not on a floppy disk in your A:\ drive.



7. Select the file mdmcisc2.inf and click OK.

8. Select RAS Serial Cable between 2 PCs and click Next.



9. Select Communications Port (COM 2) (COM 1 on laptop computers) and click Next. The operating system displays a message indicating that the modem driver is being loaded onto your terminal.

10. Click Finish. This completes the process that adds the modem you use to connect to the Altium radio.



11. In Modem Properties, select RAS Serial Cable between 2 PCs and click Properties.



12. Select 57600 for Maximum speed and click OK.



13. Click Advanced.

14. Deselect Use flow control. Click Ok, OK to return to Modem Properties.



15. Click Close.

At this point, you have created a modem you can use to connect to the Altium system. You must add the modem to Dial-Up Networking.

1. Open Dial-Up Networking (My Computer|Dial-Up Networking).



2. In Make New Connection type a name for the Altium radio you are dialing. You can enter anything for the name but it should be descriptive. Select RAS Serial Cable between 2 PCs as the modem and click Next.

3. The Telephone number field requires an entry but it can be any telephone number. Click Next.



4. Click Finish to save your entry. Altium is added to the list of modems you can use for dial-up networking.

1. Open Dial-Up Networking (My Computer|Dial-Up Networking) and select the icon of the modem you added. In the example the modem is named Altium.



2. With Altium selected, click File|Properties.

3. Click the Server Types tab.



4. Check TCP/IP, uncheck everything else. Click TCP/IP Settings.



5. Enter any IP address except for the address of the Altium radio, for example 1.1.1.1. This is the IP address of the modem you added.

Do not use the Ethernet IP address of your terminal.

Check Use default gateway... and click OK, OK.

6. Double-click the modem you added.



7. In Connect To click Connect.

8. You are now connecting to the WMT.

9. Start your browser and enter the following URL:

http://172.16.0.3/default.htm

Note: The MAINT ports on all Altium systems have an IP address of 172.16.0.3/default.htm.



Connecting to the Far End from the Local RadioWhen a connection is established with the local radio, you can connect the WMT to the far end radio.

1. In the Control Panel, click Network.



2. In Network, select TCP/IP...Ethernet and click Properties.

Properties



3. In Properties, click Gateway.

Gateway



4. In Gateway, enter the New gateway IP address. This is the IP address of the local Altium radio.

5. Click Add and OK.

6. Message boxes prompt you to restart your terminal. Check the settings you made when your terminal has restarted.

7. Start you internet browser.

8. Enter the IP address of the far end Altium radio for the URL.

Example: http://192.168.0.23/Deafult.htm. Default.htm is the file name of the starting WMT screen.

9. The WMT displays the Link Status screen.


Web Maintenance Terminal Starting the WMT

Starting the WMT

After making the appropriate cable connection to the radio, you can start the WMT application:

1. Begin by launching your web browser.

2. Enter an IP address. For an Ethernet connection, enter the IP address of the Altium radio. For a PPP connection, enter 172.16.0.3.

3. When the WMT successfully connects to the radio the Link Status screen appears (Figure 4-8).

Figure 4-8. Starting WMT

Exiting the WMT

You exit the WMT application by exiting your browser. This terminates the connection between your workstation and the Altium radio.

Enter IP Address


Link Status Screen Web Maintenance Terminal

Link Status Screen

The Link Status screen displays the status and configuration of the radio connected to the WMT. When the link is connected, this screen displays information for the near end radio. If the ODU is not attached, ODU-related fields are not displayed.

The Link Status screen is refreshed every 5 seconds to reflect any change in status information.

The browser displays an error message when it cannot connect to the radio. Figure 4-9 shows the Link Status screen. Table 4-3 lists the form fields on the Link Status screen.

Figure 4-9. Link Status


Web Maintenance Terminal Link Status Screen

Table 4-3. Link Status

Field Description

Radio Type Displays the radio type (Altium). Radio type information is available from the SP module.

Frequency Band Displays the operating frequency band (7 GHz).

Capacity Displays the capacity of the radio (STM-1, 4E1 etc.).

Bandwidth Displays the bandwidth of the radio (28 Mhz.).

Site Name Displays the physical location of the radio.

Radio Name Displays the radio name.

Date Displays the radio’s current date.

Time Displays the radio’s current time.

VF EOW Displays the address for the handset.

Scrambler Code Displays the scrambler code for the link. Values are 1 or 0.

Tx Frequency Displays the operating transmit frequency.

Rx Frequency Displays the operating receive frequency.

Online Locking Status Displays the locking status of a protected radio showing both A and B side. Values are Lock A, Lock B, and Auto.


Configure Radios Screens Web Maintenance Terminal

Configure Radios Screens

The Altium system must be configured during installation. Initially, the Altium radio operating parameters must be set or default parameters changed on the near and far ends of the link, before the radios will work correctly. The Configure Radios screens allow you to configure radios on both ends of the link. Radio configuration is set through these screens:

• Link Information

• IDU

• Aux Data

• External Mux

• Relay

• SP

• TTL Input

• TTL Output

• VF Channel

• ODU

• RF Control

• RF Distribution Frequency

• RF Distribution Config

• Synthesizer

• Transceiver

• Network Management

• Maintenance Port

• Modem

• NMS

• NMS/Aux

• Phone Num


Web Maintenance Terminal Configure Radios Screens

Link Information ScreenYou use this form to set information that identifies the radio link. Figure 4-10 shows link information for the near end radio.

Figure 4-10. Link Information

Table 4-4. Link Information

Field Description

Radio type Displays the types of radios for the link.

Tx frequency Displays the transmit frequency for the radio.

Rx frequency Displays the receive frequency for the radio.

Site Name Enter the physical location of the terminal.

Radio Name Enter a name for the radio.

Comments Holds comments up to 96 characters long.



IDU ScreensYou configure the IDU through these screens:

• Aux Data

• External Mux

• Relay

• SP

• TTL Input

• TTL Output

• VF Channel

Aux Data Channel Screen

Figure 4-11. Aux Data Channel



Figure 4-12. Configure Channels

Table 4-5. Aux Data Channel

Field Description

Data Channel Number Displays the data channel number (there are only two channels).

Data Channel Name Enter the name for the data channel.

Asynchronous/Synchronous Selectable indicator for the mode of transmission.

For Asynchronous

Data Rate (Configurable) 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200.

Data, Stop, Parity Bits Data is 6, 7 or 8 bits, Stop is 1or 2, Parity is 0 or 1.

Pass Through Speed dependent performance.

For Synchronous

TX Clock Type Select Internal or External Clock

RX Clock Edge Type Select Rising or Falling

TX Clock Edge Type Select Rising or Falling



External Mux

Figure 4-13. External Mux Configuration

Table 4-6. External Mux Configuration

Field Description

External MUX Present (Y/N) Indicates if an External MUX is attached to the radio. The E4, E3, E1, Ethernet, ATM, STM-0, DS1, DS3, STS-1 and STS-3 interfaces are offered with the external stand alone MUX. The MUX alarm is brought into the radio through one of the external TTL alarm inputs. The MUX option must be set on the ISAC’s nonvolatile memory to process its alarm. Default is Y.

Enable Always

Enable Online TX Only

No Preference

Prefer Side A



Relay Configuration

Figure 4-14. Relay Configuration

Table 4-7. Relay Configuration

Field Description

Number Displays the relay number (1-4).

Name Enter a name for each relay. It is helpful to use the name of the terminating (alarm) equipment.

Type Displays Latched or Unlatched. Unlatched is default to Major and Minor. Latched may be set by the user to Major Fault, Minor Fault, UNUSED, Force Open, or Force Close

Alarm Unused - Select for a relay is not in use. No fault conditions are tracked or activated. Thissetting and the Forced Open setting are the same.

Force Open - Select to set a relay open. No fault conditions are tracked or activated. Thissetting and the Unused Setting are the same.

Force Closed - A user can temporarily disable fault alerts on this relay, perhaps whenperforming maintenance on the associated alarm equipment. With the relay closed, no faultconditions are tracked or activated.

Major Fault - This condition indicates a catastrophic fault condition; there is loss of trafficacross the link. In a protected radio, the backup radio is placed in service automatically. Ifthis corrects the problem, the fault is reported as a Minor Fault.

Minor Fault - This indicates that there is a guarded fault in a radio. A minor Fault does notnecessarily mean that there is a loss of traffic or downtime. The loss of tributary input isreported as a minor fault even though there is a loss of traffic. Examples of minor faults areIDU Fan Fault and ODU Temperature Fault.

Status Displays Set or Clear



SP Configuration

Figure 4-15. SP Configuration

Table 4-8. SP Configuration

Field Description

Bandwidth Displays the current selected bandwidth. Values are:

3.5 MHz 3.75 MHz 7 MHz 10 MHz

14 MHz 28 MHz 30 MHz

Capacity Displays the current selected capacity of the radio. Values are:

4E1 4E1N 8E1 8E1N

16E1 16E1N STM0 STM0N

2E3 2E3N 4E3 4E3N

1E4 1E4N STM1 STM1W

4DS1 8DS1 12DS1 16DS1

28DS1 1DS3 3DS3

Select to change The SP ID PROM contains a set of values for the different bandwidth, capacity, and modulation combinations. By choosing the appropriate capacity and bandwidth combination, WMT software automatically selects the correct modulation.

Scrambler Code must be the same for the near and far ends.



Control TTL Input Configuration

Control TTL inputs are only logged. They do not create major or minor states.

Figure 4-16. Control TTL Input Configuration

Modulation Displays the current selected modulation of the radio. Values are:

4 8 16 32

64 128

AIS Enabled/Disabled Prevents alarms on the SP unit from propagating to downstream tributaries. Values are Enabled or Disabled. Default is Enabled

Scrambler Code Enter the Scrambler Code for the local radio. Displays the Scrambler Code for the far end radio. The Scrambler Code must be the same in both radios in a link to ensure that the radio transmitter only locks onto the corresponding receiver at the far end. Valid values are 0,1. Default value is 0.

Table 4-8. SP Configuration (Continued)



Control TTL Output Configuration

Figure 4-17. Control TTL Output Configuration

Table 4-9. Control TTL Input Configuration

Field Description

Numbers 1-8 Identifies the eight alarm inputs.

Name Enter a name for the equipment.

Severity Select the alarm condition. Values are Major, Minor, Status, Unused.

Actual Status Displays High or Low. An alarm condition is indicated when Actual Status matches Set Active.

Table 4-10.Control TTL Output Configuration

Field Description

Number Identifies the four alarm outputs.

Name Enter a name for the equipment.

Set/Status Sets the output to High or Low.



VF Channel Configuration

Figure 4-18. VF Channel Configuration

Table 4-11.VF Channel Configuration

Field Description

Voice 1, Voice 2 Identifies the voice channel.

Speaker Volume Sets the speaker volume to Off, Low, or High.

Order Wire Address Order Wire station address assigned to a radio. The order wire provides voice communications across the link without impacting normal radio traffic. One orderwire address is used for both Voice Channels 1 and 2.

Gain Select High (-16 dBm in/+7 dBm), Low (-3.5 dBm/-6.5 dBm), or No gain (-3.5 dBm/-3.5 dBm). These channel gain types either enable or disable amplification depending on the equipment interface level. For example, select No Gain for an Altium-toAltium configuration.



ODU ScreensYou configure the ODU through these screens:

• RF Control

• RF Distribution Frequency

• RF Distribution Config

• Synthesizer

• Transceiver

RF Control

Figure 4-19. RF Control



Table 4-12.RF Control

Field Description

ATPC Select Enabled or Disabled. Enabled is the default. If ATPC is enabled, it can operate in manual or automatic mode. Automatic mode is the default. To use manual mode, you must set the manual timer interval. When the time interval has elapsed, the radio goes back to operating in auto mode (if it is enabled). If the manual timer interval is set to zero, the radio stays in automatic mode.With ATPC enabled, ATPC can be on or off. If ATPC is enabled, the Predictive pre-distorter is enabled. If it is disabled, then Predictive pre-distorter is also disabled.

Tx Power Displays Tx Power Settings. Modulation and capacity values determine the Tx power value and Tx Power attenuator settings. These attributes must to be taken into account during in-service operation and system installation.

Maximum Tx Power Attenuator

Tx Power Attenuator Displays the Tx Power attenuator. This is a set of values of Tx Power attenuator (in 1 db increments) which is determined by certain attributes of the radio. See Tx Power. Displays set of values in increments of 1 dBm which is derived by the RF control module. Users will select a Tx power attenuator that will be used by the system software to adjust the Tx power.

Manual ATPC Time Interval Select the time interval from 0-15 minutes that the system will stay in ATPC manual mode.

Manual ATPC Time Remaining

Displays time remaining from the manual ATPC time interval you selected.



RF Distribution Frequency

Figure 4-20. RF Distribution Frequency

Table 4-13.RF Distribution Frequency

Field Description

Min Tx Freq Enter the minimum Tx frequency that RF distribution unit supports. Values are between the minimum and maximum synthesizer transmit frequency.

Max Tx Freq Enter the maximum Tx frequency that RF distribution unit supports. Values are between the minimum and maximum synthesizer transmit frequency.

Min Rx Freq Enter the minimum RX frequency that RF distribution unit supports. Values are between the minimum and maximum synthesizer transmit frequency.

Max Rx Freq Enter the maximum RX frequency that RF distribution unit supports. Values are between the minimum and maximum synthesizer transmit frequency.



RF Distribution Configuration

Figure 4-21. RF Distribution Configuration

Table 4-14.RF Distribution Configuration

Field Description

Receive Splitter Select Equal or Unequal for HH protected configuration.

ODU Protection Setting

Select one of the following protection settings: • NN – Nonprotected Tx/Nonprotected Rx• HH – Hot StandBy Tx/Hot StandBy Rx• HS – Hot StandBy Tx/Space Diversity Rx.• FF – Frequency Diversity Tx/Frequency Diversity RxWMT displays a confirmation message before accepting the protection setting.If the protection setting does not match the protection setting in the Transceiver ID PROM, WMT displays a confirmation message to write over the setting in the Transceiver ID PROM. If the change affects traffic, the Major alarm LED lights. Otherwise the Minor alarm LED lights.



Synthesizer Configuration

Figure 4-22. Synthesizer Configuration



Table 4-15.Synthesizer Configuration

Field Description

Minimum Synthesizer Tx Frequency

Displays the minimum Tx frequency that the Synthesizer supports. For protected configuration, there is a value for A and one for B. Values must be between the minimum and maximum RF transmit frequency.

Maximum Synthesizer Tx Frequency

Displays the maximum Tx frequency that the Synthesizer supports. For protected configuration, there is a value for A and one for B. Values must be between the minimum and maximum RF transmit frequency.

Minimum Synthesizer Rx Frequency

Displays the Minimum RX frequency that the Synthesizer supports. For protected configuration, there is a value for A and one for B. Values must be between the minimum and maximum RF receive frequency

Maximum Synthesizer Rx Frequency

Displays the Minimum Rx frequency that the Synthesizer supports. For protected configuration, there is a value for A and one for B. Values must be between the minimum and maximum RF receive frequency.

Tx Frequency Enter the Altium radio’s actual Transmit frequency. When you enter a frequency in the RF Distribution screen, it is processed internally by the radio software to derive the radio synthesizer settings. For protected configuration, there are two values: one for A and one for B.

Rx Frequency Enter the Altium radio’s actual Receive frequency. When you enter a frequency in the RF Distribution screen, it is processed internally by the radio software to derive the radio synthesizer settings. For protected configuration, there are two values: one for A and one for B.



Transceiver Configuration

Figure 4-23. Transceiver Configuration

Table 4-16.Transceiver Configuration

Field Description

Minimum Transceiver Tx Frequency

Minimum Tx frequency the Transceiver supports. For protected configuration, there is a value for A and one for B.

Maximum Transceiver Tx Frequency

Maximum Tx frequency the Transceiver supports. For protected configuration, there is a value for A and one for B.

Minimum Transceiver Rx Frequency

Minimum Rx frequency the Transceiver supports. For protected configuration, there is a value for A and one for B.

Maximum Transceiver Rx Frequency

Maximum Rx frequency the Transceiver supports. For protected configuration, there is a value for A and one for B.



Network Management SystemYou configure NMS through these screens:

• Maintenance Port

• Modem

• NMS

• NMS/Aux

• Phone Num

Maintenance Port

Figure 4-24. Maintenance Port



Table 4-17.Maintenance Port

Field Description

Port Speed

Data Bits

Stop Bits

Port parity

Flow Control

Auto Baud

Receive ACC Map

Transmit ACC Map

No Modem List

Modem List 1

Modem List 2

No Phone List

Phone List 1

Phone List 2



Modem Configuration

Figure 4-25. Modem Configuration

Table 4-18.Modem Configuration

Field Description

Select Modem List

Modem Setup Script

Modem Dial Script

Modem Hang-up Script

Modem Dial Mode



NMS

Figure 4-26. NMS Configuration

Table 4-19.NMS Configuration

Field Description

IP Address Specifies the Internet address of the radio.The default value is provided by the BOOTP server.

Netmask This field identifies what subnet a host belongs to.

TFTP Server IP Specifies the IP address of the TFTP server for the software download operation.

TFTP Timer Specifies the TFTP packet retransmission timer in 10 milli-second unit.

SNMP Manager Specifies the IP address of the SNMP manager.



NMS Aux Ports Configuration

Figure 4-27. NMS Aux Ports Configuration

Table 4-20.NMS Aux Ports Configuration

Field Description

Configure Port



Configure Port 1

Figure 4-28. Configure Port 1

Table 4-21.Aux Port Configuration

Field Description

Port Speed

Data Bits

Stop Bits

Port parity

Flow Control

No Modem List

Modem List 1

Modem List 2

No Phone List

Phone List 1

Phone List 2


Web Maintenance Terminal Events and Performance Screens

Events and Performance Screens

Events and performance are reported through the following screens:

• Active Events

• Complete Events

• Performance

• RSSI

• Radio Status

Active Events The Altium radio can store 512 events. Event fields are described in Table 4-22.

Figure 4-29. Active Events


Events and Performance Screens Web Maintenance Terminal

Figure 4-30. Complete Events

Table 4-22.Events

Field Description

Time Stamp Date/time when the performance log was last reset.

Sequence Number (integer) a number assigned by the MIB for each of the 512 entries.

Event Type Alarms may be classified as: Communications alarm type: associated with the procedures and/or

processes required to convey information from one point to another.

Quality of service alarm type: associated with degradation in the quality of aservice.

Processing error alarm type: associated with a software or processing event.

Equipment alarm type: associated with an equipment event.

Environmental alarm type: associated with a condition relating to anenclosure in which the equipment resides.



Source Indicates who initiated an Action event, or the module that sent the Alarm event or module, which is the object of the Status event. Who field may indicate an Operator id of a user of the NMS or the WMT application. Module field will indicate the name of the module field that performed the action. System Module name (e.g. Transceiver)

Operator NMS or WMT

Description 32-character description of the event.

Severity Alarm event can be: Cleared

Indeterminate

Critical

Major

Minor

Warning

Value Indicates the value of a Status event or an Action event.

Table 4-22.Events



Performance The Performance report displays statistics that measure and track link performance. Used with the Event Log and RSSI reports, the Performance report can help determine when poor signal quality is responsible for BER alarms or other related faults.

Figure 4-31. Performance



Table 4-23.Performance

Field Description

Last Reset

Total Test Seconds The total time in seconds for the test between reset.

Total Available Seconds

Total Unavailable Seconds

Errored Seconds (ES) Any second with one or more errored blocks.

Errored Second Ratio (ESR) The ratio of ES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.

Severely Errored Seconds (SES) Any second which contains 30% or more errored blocks or at lease one Severely Disturbed Period (SDP). SES is a subset of ES.

Severely Errored Second Ratio (SESR) The ratio of SES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.

Frame Loss Seconds Text field indicating total number of seconds where frame loss occurred.

BER Data (A Side) Bit Error Rate in seconds, minutes, days or total days.

BER Data (B Side)



RSSI The RSSI screen displays radio statistics on received signal level. For protected systems, separate measurements are displayed for each radio.

Figure 4-32. RSSI

Table 4-24.RSSI

Field Description

Current Current RSSI in dBm.

Maximum Maximum RSSI in dBm.

Minimum Minimum RSSI in dBm.

Last Reset Total time for the test between resets.



Radio Status

Figure 4-33. Radio Status

Table 4-25.Radio Status

Field Description

IDU Temperature Internal temperature on SP module measured near the power supply.

ODU Temperature ODU RF Plug-in temperature measured on synthesizer card.

IDU Battery Voltage IDU power supply input voltage.

ODU Battery Voltage Odu power supply input voltage.


Loopback Test Screen Web Maintenance Terminal

Loopback Test Screen

Loopback testing checks the continuity and basic operation of the radio system including the near end radio, the far end radio, and coaxial cables. Loopback tests are run from the near end radio using a test pattern generated either by the IDU or by externally connected equipment.

Figure 4-34. Loopback Tests

Table 4-26.Loopback Tests

Field Description

Test Type Valid test types are Local LIU

Remote LIU

IF - Local radio only.

Test Origin Valid test origins are Internal Test Generator or External Test Equipment.

View Test Diagram Allows the user to view loopback test diagram for the test type and test origin selected.

Tributary List The selectable tributaries and other channel types (Data, VF, WS, Trib) available for testing. When using an internal test generator, Data and VF channels are not available for test and only one line (Trib or WS) can be selected for testing. When using an external test generator, more than one line can be selected to test.


Web Maintenance Terminal Loopback Test Screen

Line Interface Unit (LIU) This loopback tests the transmit and receive section of the module for STM-1 continuity. LIU loopback testing can also be performed on a remote radio on an online module, which loops the receive data to the transmit path. This provides a two-way check of the STM-1 link. Running the LIU loopback test through the NMS facility tests continuity over several hops. The MAINT LED on the access panel blinks when loopback testing is in progress.

The on-board AIS clock can generate and detect a fixed test pattern. This internal loopback can be used to test the main and wayside channel without using external equipment.

Intermediate Frequency (IF) This loopback tests the entire transmit and receive paths of the IDU. The residual BER can be estimated using the FEC count. IF loopback tests affect all data traffic (unless it is performed on an off-line module).

WaysideNote: The wayside loopback does not apply to the STM-1/OC-3-only radio system.

This loopback provides a local test one channel at a time, checking the transmit and receive sections of the module for E1 continuity. This test can also be performed from a remote radio on an online module. The remote test loops the transmit and receive paths to provide a two-way check of E1 continuity over several radio hops. The wayside loopback test does not affect other data traffic. The internal loopback can check wayside performance without the use of external equipment.

AuxiliaryThis loopback checks the transmit and receive section on the module for AUX data continuity, one channel at a time. This test can also be performed from a remote radio on an online module. The remote test loops the

Run Test Click to start a loopback test. Accumulated statistics are not cleared automatically when a loopback test is started. You can clear statistics from the Performance screen. Starting a loopback test on a protected system where locking is set to Auto displays a warning message stating that locking must be set to Lock A or Lock B (depending on the SP unit selected). When the loopback test is completed, locking must be set back to Auto.

Stop Test Click to stop a loopback test. A radio reset also clears a loopback test.

Current bit errors The number of errors detected during the current refresh period.

Total accumulated errors The total number of errors detected during the entire test period.

Total elapsed time The elapsed test time in seconds since last reset.

Table 4-26.Loopback Tests



transmit and receive paths to provide a two-way check of AUX data channel continuity over several radio hops. The AUX loopback test does not affect other data traffic.

VFThis loopback test the transmit and receive section of the module for VF channel continuity. This test can also be performed from a remote radio on an online module. The remote test loops the transmit and receive paths to provide a two-way check of VF continuity over several radio hops. The VF loopback test does not affect other data traffic.

Figure 4-35. Internal Local IF Loopback



Figure 4-36. Internal LIU Remote Loopback

Local Terminal

TX

Mux Mod RFTX

RFRXDemodDemux

PatternGen-Det

RX

Remote Terminal

RFTX Mod Mux

DemuxDemodRFRXRX

TX

LIU RemoteLoopback



Figure 4-37. External LIU Loopback

Figure 4-38. External IF Loopback



Figure 4-39. External LIU Remote Loopback

Local Terminal

TX Mux Mod RFTX

RFRXDemodDemuxRX

Remote Terminal

RFTX Mod Mux

DemuxDemodRFRX RX

TX

LIU RemoteLoopback


Locking Controls Screen Web Maintenance Terminal

Locking Controls Screen

The locking controls enable or disable monitored hot-standby switching on a protected system. Protected transmitters and receivers can be locked independently of each other

Figure 4-40. Locking Controls

Table 4-27.Locking Controls

Field Description

SP Rx Locking Status Shows which side is online and whether it is Auto or Manual.

SP Tx Locking Status Shows which side is online and whether it is Auto or Manual.

RF Rx Locking Status Shows which side is online and whether it is Auto or Manual.

RF Tx Locking Status Shows which side is online and whether it is Auto or Manual.

Lock SP TX online (FF Only)

Lock RF TX Online

Lock RF RX Online

Lock SP RX Online


Web Maintenance Terminal Software Screens

Software Screens

• Altium radio software can be upgraded with new software. The various components of Altium radio software, IDU, ODU, or FPGA, can be downloaded from another radio using its primary bootp server address. During software download, a status window shows the percentage of the software that is downloaded. Downloads can be cancelled while they are in progress. A second download cannot be started while one is in progress

• Download

• Activate

• Software Version

Download Screen

Figure 4-41. Download System Software


Software Screens Web Maintenance Terminal

Table 4-28.Download System Software

Field Description

Primary Address of TFTP Server IP Address of Primary Bootp server in the network.

Secondary Address of TFTP Server IP Address of Secondary Bootp server in the network.

File Name to download File name must exist in the primary or secondary Bootp server. Validation may be done on the file extension entered. The file name must follow a naming convention for an IDU/ODU or an FPGA file. Some validation of the file name entered can be done based on this standard.

Where to download software Radio buttons pushed will indicate the location of the destination, Near End or Far End radio’s IDU, ODU, SP A or SP B.


Web Maintenance Terminal Software Screens

Activate Screen

Figure 4-42. Activate System Software

Table 4-29.Activate System Software

Field Description

Exchange IDU Software Checkbox activates the software in the inactive memory bank of the IDU.

Exchange ODU Software Checkbox activates the software in the inactive memory bank of the ODU.

Exchange FPGA SP A Software Checkbox activates the software in the inactive memory bank of the FPGA SP A.

Exchange FPGA SP B Software Checkbox activates the software in the inactive memory bank of the FPGA SP B.


Software Screens Web Maintenance Terminal

Software Versions Screen

Figure 4-43. Software Versions

Table 4-30.Software Versions

Field Description

Active IDU Software version IDU software version in the Active memory bank. Comes from ISAC EEPROM.

Inactive IDU Software version IDU software version in the inactive memory bank. Comes from ISAC EEPROM.

IDU Boot Software version IDU Boot software version.

Active ODU Software version ODU software version in the Active memory bank. Comes from OSAC EEPROM.

Inactive ODU Software version ODU software version in the inactive memory bank. Comes from OSAC EEPROM.

ODU Boot Software version ODU Boot software version.

Active FPGA SP A Software version

FPGA software version in Signal Processing A’s active memory bank. Comes from SP A EEPROM.

Inactive FPGA SP A Software version

FPGA software version in Signal Processing A’s inactive memory bank. Comes from SP A EEPROM.

Active FPGA SP B Software version

FPGA software version in Signal Processing B’s active memory bank. Comes from SP B EEPROM.

Inactive FPGA SP B Software version

FPGA software version in Signal Processing B’s inactive memory bank. Comes from SP B EEPROM.


Web Maintenance Terminal Date and Time Screen

Date and Time Screen

Figure 4-44. Date and Time


Manufacturing Data Screen Web Maintenance Terminal

Manufacturing Data Screen

Figure 4-45. Manufacturing Data


Chapter 5

System Descri ption

This chapter provides information on: the Altium system hardware; system functions and featuressuch as system configurations, protection switching, and ATPC (Automatic Transmit Power Control).

Overview

The ALTIUM microwave radio platform provides a telecommunications circuit that operates in the 7-38 GHz frequency range with a 25-28 MHz channel bandwidth. The Altium radio is transparent to the STM-1/OC-3 payload (155.55 Mbps). An Altium terminal consists of an IDU, ODU, IDU/ODU coaxial cable, and antenna. A link or hop consists of two terminals: the near end and its frequency-matched far end.

Altium is a full-duplex device: it transmits and receives data at the same time. The transmit path begins with fiber optic inputs providing the payload to the SP module. The SP module combines the payload with any overhead data (from the ISAC) and sends that signal to the ODU. The ODU converts the signal to the appropriate radio frequency and transmits it through the antenna to the far end.

The receive path begins at the far end with the antenna. The ODU receives the signal from the antenna. There, the ODU converts the signal for use by the SP unit. The SP unit retrieves payload and overhead data from the signal. It sends payload data to external equipment and overhead data to the ISAC.

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 System Description 5-1

System Components Altium Microwave Radio System

System Components

The Altium radio provides synchronous wireless transport for an STM-1/OC-3 (155 Mbps) payload.

The Altium system consists of the following components (Figure 5-1.):

• The IDU provides frequency-independent signal processing, status, alarm, and control functions.

• The ODU contains the capacity-independent radio frequency (RF) plug-in modules, RF distribution, status, alarm, and control functions.

• The coaxial cable connects power from the IDU to the ODU. Data, signaling, telemetry and control signals also pass between the IDU and ODU over the coaxial cable

• The antenna is application specific.

• The Web Maintenance Terminal (WMT) is a web-based application used to configure and operate the Altium radio.

Altium is designed to interface with an add/drop multiplexer (ADM), such as the FibreNex ADM.

Figure 5-2 shows a functional block diagram of the Altium system.

5-2 System Description PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Altium Microwave Radio System System Components

Figure 5-1. Altium System Components

0277

Direct Mount Antenna

Altium Radio

FibreNex ADM

To MDF

Coaxial Cables(Protected System)

To MDF


System Components Altium Microwave Radio System

Figure 5-2. System Block Diagram

ACCE

SS P

ANEL

SP U

NIT

IDU

ISAC

MOD

ULE

23

14

5

Alar

ms

Ethe

rnet

Hub

Cont

rolle

r

0247

VF/A

uxDa

ta

Mul

dem

31

24

Code

c

EOW

MUX

TxRx

DEM

UX

MOD

DEM

OD

IF Pr

oces

sor

IF Pr

oces

sor

Code

c

CPU

Mul

dem

Mul

dem

Mul

dem12

8 Kb

ps

OSAC

TXVR

DIPL

EXER

ODUCa

ble

Mod

em

Cabl

e M

odem

Mixe

r

Lo Mixe

r

DC-D

C Co

nver

ter

Rx M

ixer

Syn

Tv M

ixer

Fiber

Filter

CPU

Telem

etry

A

Telem

etry

B


Altium Microwave Radio System IDU

IDU

The IDU consists of:

• Signal Processor Unit

• ISAC module

• Access Panel

• Fan module

• IDU housing

Figure 5-3. ALTIUM with Cover Removed

Signal Processor Module As part of the IDU assembly (enclosure), the Signal Processor (SP) is a single plug-in module. In a protected system there are two SP modules in an IDU assembly.

The SP unit receives payload data, adds overhead data to it, and sends a processed 310 MHz signal to the ODU. The SP unit receives a 70 MHz signal from the ODU and extracts up-stream payload data for customer equipment.

The interface on the SP unit include a 4-pin power connector, the fiber optic data interface, and the IDU/ODU coaxial cable interface.

The SP is field replaceable. It indicates malfunctions through a single red LED. The Access Panel must be removed to see this LED.

The SP unit contains a modem (modulator/demodulator), a muldem (multiplexer/demultiplexer), a power supply, a fiber optic interface, and an ISAC interface.

Before the payload signal can be transmitted, the SP unit processes the signal to produce a 310 MHz intermediate frequency (IF) signal for the

0286

Signal Processor A

Signal Processor B

ISAC

Fiber Connectors Fan

B

A

ESD

VF/AUX DATA

CONTROL/ALARMS

NMS/AUX 1

MAINT

NMS/AUX 2

NMS/AUX 3

STATUS

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

Handset Connector1 2 3 4

10BaseT Ethernet Hub


IDU Altium Microwave Radio System

ODU. The SP unit receives the optical input signal and converts it to an electrical signal. The multiplexes overhead data and payload data. Modulates the multiplexed data on a baseband signal. Converts the baseband signal to 310 MHz signal and outputs it to the ODU

In the receive direction, the SP unit processes a 70 MHz from the ODU. The SP unit demodulates the incoming signal (remove the payload data from the modulated radio frequency signal). It then demultiplexes the payload data and overhead data and converts the electrical signal to an optical signal and outputs it to the fiber connector.

ISAC ModuleThe ISAC module is the hardware platform for the operational firmware for the Altium radio. It is a plug-in module located in the bottom slot behind the Access Panel.

The ISAC module provides functions such as maintaining system configurations, collecting status and alarm information from the SP module, and performing protection switching. The ISAC provides access to NMS functions, two auxiliary data channels, and voice channels, through connectors on the Access Panel.

The ISAC module provides the hardware platform for the operational firmware of the Altium radio. The ISAC module:

• Maintains system configuration.

• Collects and displays status and alarm information from the SP and fan modules.

• Maintains two copies of software in FLASH memory.

• Provides analog to digital conversion of analog status signals and temperature sensors.

• Monitors parity and FEC error count.

• Performs radio protection switching.

• Performs maintenance switching and loopbacks.

• Provides the functionality for the DB-9 connectors on the access panel.

• Supports two auxiliary data channels at a nominal 64 Kbps. The actual data rate depends on capacity and configuration. These two data channels can be configured to operate in synchronous or asynchronous mode. The electrical interface for the data channels is TIA/EIA-422 B (V.11).

• Supports two voice frequency (VF) channels. The ISAC uses PCM codecs to convert the VF signals between the ISAC and SP modules.



Access PanelThe Access Panel contains the system status LEDs, power input, fuse holders, connectors for external equipment such as alarms, an anti-static wrist strap, modems, and terminal.

The removable Front Panel provides access to the signal processor unit, ISAC, and fan modules.

Figure 5-4 shows the functionality of the auxiliary (nonpayload) connectors on the Access Panel.



Figure 5-4. Access Panel Auxiliary (nonpayload) Functions

ISAC68360

uP

SPOverhead Channel

Mux/Demux

Chan1=VF2(82.5 Kb/s)Chan2=CBitsChan3=Aux2(64Kb/s)Chan4=Aux1(64Kb/s)Chan5=Private Chan(64Kb/s)Chan6=NMS2(64Kb/s)Chan7=NMS1(64Kb/s)Chan8=VF1(82.5 Kb/s)

4 Port

Ethernet

Hub

38 Kb/s RS-232 Terminal Interface

56 Kb/s RS-232 Modem Interface

19.2 Kb/s RS-232 Terminal Interface

19.2 Kb/s RS-232 Terminal Interface

WMT Maint. (DCE, DB9F)

NMS/Aux1 (DTE, DB9M)



10BaseT 1 (MDI-X, RJ-45)

10BaseT 2 (MDI, RJ-45)



10Mb/s

Private C

han.

NM

S2

64Kb/s RS422/V.11 Async./Sync.

64Kb/s RS422/V.11 Async./Sync.

64KHz RS422/V.11

Tx/Rx Clocks

AUX1 (Data DB37F)

AUX2 (Data DB37F)

VF1

VF2

Handset (RJ-11)

VF1 Bridge Port 1 (Data DB37F)

NM

S1

VF

2

VF

1

Aux2

Aux1

AUX Clks. (Data DB37F)

Speaker (ALM DB37F)






4 442

4

4

4

2

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

128 Kb/s

TTL Inputs (Alm, DB37F)

TTL Outputs (Alm, DB37F)

Relay Outputs (Alm, DB37F)

8

4

4



VF/AUX DATA ChannelThe VF/AUX DATA channel provides an interface for two voice frequency (VF) channels and two data channels.

The Altium radio has two separate voice channels that are configured as standard 600 ohm balanced 4-wire telephone interfaces. There are 3 input/output level settings available (via WMT), -16/+7, -3.5/-3.5 and -3.5/-6.5 dBm. Signaling is in-band DTMF, E and M signaling is not supported. These voice channels are converted to a digital format using Codecs. It should be understood that each time that the signal transitions from one link to another this process repeats. This repeated sampling process adds noise to the signal limiting the number of links that can be daisy chained together to about 5 to 10 links. Applications that require a very large number of voice links should consider using an external digital voice orderwire running over the radio’s 64 kb/s Aux Data channel.



Figure 5-5. VF Channel 1 and 2 Bridges

VF

/Au

x Da

ta D

B3

7F

Co

nn

ecto

r

2-Wire/4-WireHybrid/SLIC

DTMFDecoder

RingerRJ-11

Speaker Out

Handset In/Out *

Voice Ch. 1 Port 1 Input

Voice Ch. 1 Port 1 Output











8 Ohms, 0.5 Watts

1,6

32 T14 R

36 T18 R

27 T 9 R

29 T11 R

31 T13 R

35 T17 R

30 T12 R

34 T16 R

26 T 8 R

28 T10 R

33 T15 R

37 T19 R

15 R 33 T

3 T 4 R

Alarms DB37

Speaker Amp(Vol Cntrl &

The 4-wire 600 ohm balanced voice channel portsoperate at 3 selectable levels:

* The handset does not support the ringer built into the telephone.

1. -3.5 dBm -3.5 dBm

2. -16 dBm +7 dBm

3. -3.5 dBm -6.5 dBm

In Out

Radio Tx

Radio Rx

Radio Tx

Radio Rx

Mute)

1

2

3

4

5

1

2

3

4

ISAC Module4-Port Bridge

5-Port Bridge



Voice Channel 1

Voice channel 1 contains the following orderwire features: a standard RJ-11 2-wire DTMF phone interface (ringer internal to the radio), a 0.5 watt 8 ohm speaker interface (level set via WMT), a 5 port bridge with 3 external 4-wire interfaces (level set via WMT). All three external port levels are changed together. Each terminal has a separate 4 digit DTMF address that will ring its internal buzzer in response to its DTMF code. DTMF calling is implemented via the 2-wire phone on a station to station basis. The three 4-wire bridge ports are used to interconnect other radio links.



Figure 5-6. Voice Channel 1 Interconnection

Addr 0001

Addr 0002

Addr 0007

Addr 0009

Addr 0010Addr 0006

Addr 0005

Addr 0004

Addr 0003

Addr 0008

TelephoneChan. Intrf.+7/-16dBm

-3.5/-3.5dBm

-3.5/-3.5dBm

-3.5/-3.5dBm-3.5/-3.5dBm

SPECTRUM IIRadio

-3.5/-3.5dBm

VF1,1In Out

VF1,2In Out

VF1,3In Out

VF1,1In Out

VF1,2In Out

VF1,3In Out

VF1,1In Out

VF1,2In Out

VF1,3In Out

VF1,1In Out

VF1,2In Out

VF1,3In Out

VF1,1In Out

VF1,2In Out

VF1,3In Out

VF1,1In Out

VF1,2In Out

VF1,3In Out

VF1,1In Out

VF1,2In Out

VF1,3In Out

VF1,1In Out

VF1,2In Out

VF1,3In Out

VF1,1In Out

VF1,2In Out

VF1,3In Out

VF1,1In Out

VF1,2In Out

VF1,3In Out

Altium

Altium Altium

Altium Altium

Altium Altium

Altium Altium

Altium

SPK

SPK



Voice Channel 2

Voice channel 2 provides minimum features and can be used by an external voice orderwire unit. It has a four port 4-wire bridge with three external interfaces. All ports are set to the same selected level via the WMT. An external orderwire unit must provide signaling and handset interfaces.

Figure 5-7. Voice Channel 2 Interconnection

TelephoneChan. Intrf.+7/-16dBm

-3.5/-3.5dBm

-3.5/-3.5dBm

-3.5/-3.5dBm-3.5/-3.5dBm

VF2,1In Out

VF2,2In Out

VF2,3In Out

Altium

Altium Altium

Altium Altium

Altium Altium

Altium Altium

Altium

ExterExternalnalOrderwireOrderwire

UnitUnit


UnitUnit

VF2,1In Out

VF2,2In Out

VF2,3In Out

VF2,1In Out

VF2,2In Out

VF2,3In Out

VF2,1In Out

VF2,2In Out

VF2,3In Out

VF2,1In Out

VF2,2In Out

VF2,3In Out

VF2,1In Out

VF2,2In Out

VF2,3In Out

VF2,1In Out

VF2,2In Out

VF2,3In Out

VF2,1In Out

VF2,2In Out

VF2,3In Out

VF2,1In Out

VF2,2In Out

VF2,3In Out

VF2,1In Out

VF2,2In Out

VF2,3In Out


UnitUnit


UnitUnit


UnitUnit


UnitUnit



Aux Data ChannelsThere are two RS-422/V.11 Aux data channels that operate either synchronously or asynchronously. One channel may be synchronous while the other is asynchronous or both channel may be configured the same.

The AUX channel provides two 64 Kbps RS422 data channels with a common clock. Each channel can be configured as 64 kbps synchronous data channel or oversampled 19.2 kbps asynchronous data channel. The data channel type and rate is configured by the user through the WMT (Aux Data Channel Screen on page 4-38). The selection of an internal or external 64 Kbps clock is also configurable through the WMT. If a radio is configured to operate with an external clock and loses that clock, the radio switches to an internal clock and generates a minor alarm.

Synchronous Aux Data Channel OperationThe synchronous mode operates at 64Kb/s ± 100 ppm. A common transmit and a common receive clock serve both synchronous channels. The transmit (input) clock can be supplied by the radio equipment or provided externally. The receive (output) clock is supplied by the radio and is synchronous to the remote terminals transmit clock input. Both transmit and receive clock edges are user selected based on the rising edge or falling edge being coincident with the center of data interval. There are two clock conditions to consider.

The external transmit (input) clock edge is chosen depending on the orientation of the data and clock as viewed on an oscilloscope at the transmit input of the radio. If the orientation of the clock and data signals correspond to the rising edge clock coincident with the center of the data interval, then the rising edge should be selected for the transmit clock via the WMT. Likewise, if the clock and data appear oriented with the falling edge waveform in the center of data interval, then the falling edge clock option should be chosen via the WMT. The same relationship applies when the internal transmit (output) clock is chosen.

The receive (output) clock orientation must be chosen by knowing the required clock orientation of the external equipment input. The clock should be placed such that external equipment samples the data in middle of the data interval not on the transition. Again, the receive output clock orientation can be selected via the WMT as rising or falling edge oriented as shown below.



Tx or Rx Data

Tx or Rx Clock (rising edge)

Tx or Rx Clock (falling edge)

Typical applications for the synchronous channel include a digital channel multiplexer such as a Newbridge 3600, Cisco routers or bridges and data access devices or other channel bank equipment with DS-0 64 kb/s RS-422/V.11 interfaces. These channels could be used to provide a low rate synchronous data network using protocols such as X.25 or HDLC.

Rising Edge

Falling Edge



Asynchronous Aux Data Channel OperationThe asynchronous channel operates in two modes: non-data dependent over-sampled or a UART type data dependent mode that supports 5 specific data rates and 7 character formats.

Asynchronous Non-Data Dependent Mode

The non-data dependent mode is limited to a maximum rate of 19.2 kbs and is over-sampled by an internal 64 kHz clock. There is a limit as to how many links may be interconnected due to the jitter accumulation caused by the over-sampling process. The lower the data rate the more links that may be crossed. As an example: operating at 19.2 kbs will only cross one link error free. Multi-link asynchronous data systems should utilize the data dependent mode.

Asynchronous Data Dependent Mode

The data dependent mode operates with 5 data rates (1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 & 19.2 kbs) and various combinations of data, stop and parity bits (6,2,1 or 7,2,0 or 7,1,1 or 7,2,1 or 8,1,0 or 8,2,0 or 8,1,1). The data is also over-sampled by an internal 64 kHz clock, but the internal circuits operate similar to a UART allowing the data to be passed over an unlimited number of links without jitter accumulation. The data rate and character type selected must be the same as the incoming data or the channel will not process the characters correctly.

Asynchronous Data Channel ApplicationsApplications include any asynchronous RS-422/V.11 device interfaces, such as a modem or data terminal. It could be used to connect to a SPECTRUM II radio systems network management terminal at one end and a string of SPECTRUM II radio links at a downstream location. Other applications include remote data collection, monitoring and control functions.



Figure 5-8. Synchronous Application

Altium

Altium Altium

Altium Altium

Altium Altium

Altium Altium

Altium

Out Clk In ClkRS422 64Kb/s

DS-0 Router/Bridge


Ethernet LAN

Aux1Tx Clk Rx Clk

Aux2Tx Clk Rx Clk

Aux1Tx Clk Rx Clk

Aux2Tx Clk Rx Clk

Aux1Rx Clk Tx Clk

Aux1Rx Clk Tx Clk

Aux1Tx Clk Rx Clk

Aux1Tx Clk Rx Clk

Aux1Tx Clk Rx Clk

Aux1Tx Clk Rx Clk

Aux1Tx Clk Rx Clk

Aux1Rx Clk Tx Clk

DS-0 Router/Bridge


Ethernet LAN

DS-0 Router/Bridge


Ethernet LAN

RS422 64Kb/sOut Clk In Clk

DS-0 Router/Bridge

Out Clk In ClkRS422 64Kb/sEthernet LAN

Note: A digtal voice orderwire could beused in place of the Router/Bridge



CONTROL/ALARMS ConnectorThe CONTROL/ALARMS connector provides eight TTL inputs, four TTL outputs, and four relays (Figure 5-9 and Figure 5-10).

TTL Inputs

Eight TTL level compatible status inputs are available. Their change of state is logged in the radio event log that is viewable by the NMS or WMT as TTL external input 1,2…..8 events. The active state is a TTL high (+5 volts) while the normal state is a TTL low (0 volts). If the input is left open pull-up resistors set the state high (+5 volts). The inputs can also be designated as unused and as such they will not create any log entries.

Typical applications for the TTL inputs might be to monitor site access alarms or other communications device alarms.

TTL Outputs

There are 4 TTL outputs that can be set high (+5 volts) or low (0 volts) by the user via the NMS or WMT configuration menu. Their change in state is reported in the event log as TTL external output 1,2,3 or 4 events.

Typical applications for the TTL outputs include controlling site lighting or other externally controlled devices.



Figure 5-9. TTL Input and Output Connectivity

ISAC Card

Con

trol

/Ala

rms

DB

37F

Con

nect

or

20

2

21

3

22

4

5

23

6

26

25

7

The TTL inputs and outputs are monitored and operate on 0.5

second intervals. The inputs are checked for activity every 0.5

second, while the outputs will change at a rate as fast as every 0.5

second. All changes in state are logged in the Event Log.

0.1ufd

10K

+5 V

74VHC14

100

+5 VSN75174

8

1

4

GND

TTL Output 4

TTL Output 3

TTL Output 2

TTL Output 1

TTL Input 8

TTL Input 7

TTL Input 6

TTL Input 5

TTL Input 4

TTL Input 3

TTL Input 2

TTL Input 1

10K



Relays

There are 4 form “C” relays available for alarm and control outputs. Two of the relays are non-latching and two are latching (remain in the last state when power is removed). Two alarm indications may be assigned to the non-latching relays, Minor and Major. The alarm is active when the relay is de-energized i.e. normally closed terminal (N.C.) is in contact with the common terminal (C). This is done so that the alarms will show active if the radio losses power.

The user may also set the relays in a manual mode via the NMS or WMT. A forced open condition will open the connection between the normally closed and common terminals. A forced closed condition will connect the normally closed and common terminals.



Figure 5-10. Relays Connectivity

ISAC Module

N.O.

N.C.COM

N.O.

N.C.COM

N.O.

N.C.COM

N.O.

N.C.COM

Relay 1(Unlatched)

Relay 2(Unlatched)

Relay 3(Latched)

Relay 4(Latched)

Relays shown in de-energized manualopen position. Maximum resistiveswitching load 0.5A at 30 VDC.

Ala

rm D

B3

7F

Co

nn

ecto

r

8

9

27

28

29

10

11

12

30

31

32

13

The relays operate in 3 modes via the WMT, NMS or Major/Minoralarms. Their change of state is also reported in the event log.

1. Manual Mode allows you to name and operate the selected relay. the two states are: Manual Open (N.O. contact open) Manual Closed (N.O. contact closed)

2. Terminal Alarm Mode allows you to select Major and Minor alarms to control the relays. This mode is for relays 1 and 2 only. The two states are: Major, Minor active (N.O. contact closed, energized) Major, Minor inactive (N.O. contact open, de-energized)

3. With the Unused Mode there is no event reporting and relays remain in a de-energized (N.O. contact open) state. Same as Manual Open.



Handset ConnectorThe engineering orderwire (EOW) handset interface is an RJ-11, six-wire modular jack located on the ISAC. The handset connector provides an interface to EOW (engineering orderwire) functionality. That is, voice communication on an overhead channel using a standard 2-wire handset and DTMF (dual tone multi-frequency) dialing. The speaker on the ISAC provides the ringer; however, there is no ringback. Through the VF channel 1 5-port bridge, several radios in a network can receive the EOW signal. Even though each radio can be assigned a different EOW address, the EOW functions as a party line. Refer to VF/AUX DATA Channel on page 5-9.

Ethernet HubFour RJ-45 connectors provide 10 Base-T Ethernet access. The Ethernet data rate is 10 Mbps on the bridge ports and 128 Kbps across the link. The connector on the first port (Connector 1) provides a Media Dependent Interface (MDI-X), a standard interface for unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable. MDI-X provides the crossover function that is necessary when chaining Ethernet hubs together. The connectors for ports 2, 3, and 4 are wired as an MDI interface. The pinout functions are opposite that of port 1. The MDI-X interface allows you to use a straight-through cable to chain Ethernet hubs together: you connect an MDI-X port to an MDI port. To use a crossover cable, connect an MDI-X port to an MDI-X port or connect an MDI port to an MDI port.

When daisychaining Altium systems together through the Ethernet hub, remember that:

• Maximum cable length including drop leads is 100 meters

• Each cable provides a point-to-point connection

• Each cable is a single segment

• The cable must be between 85 ohms and 110 ohms

• The cable are terminated with RJ-45 connectors

Fan ModuleThe fan module consists of two fans mounted on a single plug-in card. A module fail LED indicates that a fan has failed.

IDU HousingEncloses the signal processor, ISAC, and fan modules. These modules plug in to the IDU housing backplane. The IDU motherboard, not a replaceable module, provides additional circuit-board trace-routing capacity for the plug-in modules.


Altium Microwave Radio System ODU

ODU

The ODU consists of:

• OSAC module

• RF Plug-in module

• RF Distribution module

• ODU housing

Figure 5-11. ODU Hardware Description

OSAC ModuleThe OSAC module is the hardware platform for the operational firmware of the ODU. It is a printed circuit card located below the diplexer. There is a single “replace me” red LED. When the LED is on, replace the OSAC. The OSAC, with the ISAC, provides self diagnostics and fault analysis for the radio link.

The OSAC monitors the radio modules in the ODU. It provides a telemetry channel to the IDU, and with the IDU, controls the operation of the ODU.

The alarm and control functions the OSAC performs are:

• Collects status and alarm information from the ODU modules

• Maintains two copies of the executable code in flash memory

• Provides A/D conversion of analog status

0246

RF Distribution Module

RF Plug-in Module

OSAC


ODU Altium Microwave Radio System

RF Plug-in ModuleThe RF Plug-in module consists of the RF transceiver assembly and the IF assembly. In a protected system there are two transceiver assemblies located to the left and right of the diplexer. Together with the synthesizer oscillator, the RF Plug-in module performs the dual upconversion and dual downconversion function.

The RF transceiver assembly contains a transmit and receive section. The input TX signal is at a fixed frequency of 2158 MHz. It is upconverted to the desired TX RF frequency using a low side LO signal from the synthesizer module. The upconverted signal is then amplified to the proper output power level. The input signal is sent from the IF assembly and the output signal is sent to the RF distribution.

The input RX signal is downconverted to a fixed frequency of 1778 MHz using a low side LO signal from the synthesizer module. The input signal is sent from the RF distribution and the output signal is sent to the IF assembly.

The IF assembly also contains a transmit and receive section. The 310 MHz TX signal is filtered from the interface cable signals. The signal is upconverted to 2158 MHz using the shared IF LO of 1848 MHz. The output 2158 MHz TX signal is sent to the RF TXVR assembly.

The input 1738 MHz RX signal is sent from the RF transceiver assembly. This signal is downconverted to 70 MHz using the shared IF LO of 1848 MHz.

The IF assembly also contains the DC-DC converter to supply voltages to the ODU (including the synthesizer module and the OSAC).

RF Distribution ModuleThe RF distribution module provides isolation between the transmitted signal and the received signal through filters and circulators. This allows better flexibility for transmit/receive spacing. The transmit filter rejects noise generated by the transmit chain. The receive filter rejects any out-of-band signal, which can interfere with the received signal.

The RF Distribution module separates the transmitted signals from the received signals. The RF Distribution module is located in the middle of the ODU housing and connects to the antenna either directly or through a waveguide.

The ODU converts data from the IDU into an RF signal for transmission, and it converts the RF signal from the far end to data suitable to send to the IDU.

The transmit baseband from the IDU first passes through the CPU/Power Supply module where the data signal is separated from the other signals (telemetry, etc.) on the cable. The transceiver directly mixes the modulated signal with the transmit frequency of the radio, amplifies the signal and sends it to the antenna for transmission to the far-end terminal. The


Altium Microwave Radio System PROMs

interface to the antenna is through an RF connection: slip-fit waveguide connector, flexible waveguide, or other RF connections.

Signals received by the antenna from the far-end terminal are processed through the transceiver where they are down converted to the first IF frequency of 1778 MHz. The signal then is down converted to the second IF frequency of 70 MHz. The signal is diplexed in the CPU/Power Supply module and sent to the IDU over the coax cable.

SynthesizerThe synthesizer consists of a transmit synthesizer, a receive synthesizer, and the reference oscillator. The reference oscillator provides the reference for the synthesizer and the local oscillator used for the first upconversion and the second downconversion. The synthesizer can be used with other frequency bands with a minimum of submodule changes.

ODU HousingThe ODU housing encloses the RF Plug-in module, the RF Distribution module, and OSAC. The ODU is easily converted to a left-hand offset or right-hand offset unit by lifting the cover off its hinges and connecting the other side of the cover to the hinges on the opposite side of the ODU.

PROMs

The Altium system operates through onboard software stored in EEPROMs on various modules. External software running on terminals provide various configuration and management capabilities.

• ID PROM - The IDU and ODU modules (except the RF distribution module) contains a 4kx1 or 32kx1 serial EEPROM called the ID PROM. The ID PROM stores information such as manufacturing data, equipment type, correction factors, hardware and software revision and other pertinent data for that module.

• Configuration PROM - The ISAC module contains a removable EEPROM that contains system information. The EEPROM can be removed after the ISAC module is unplugged from the motherboard and reused in a new ISAC module. This prevents the need to reprogram system configuration.


Connectors Altium Microwave Radio System

S3,

ls.

h

Connectors

Table 5-1. Connector Summary

Connector Location Description

Power Access Panel The battery supply connects to the Altium system through a two-conductor Phoenix connector.

ESD Access Panel An anti-static wrist strap plugs into the ESD connector.

IDU/ODU Interface Access Panel A 75-ohm coaxial cable connects the IDU to the ODU.

NMS/Aux 1 Access Panel A DB-9 connector

NMS/Aux2, NMS/Aux 3 Access Panel A DB-9 connector

Maint Access Panel A DB-9 connector

Tributaries Access Panel Interface for nonoptical payload data (E1, E3, DS1, Detc.).

VF/AUX Access Panel 37-pin connector that provides an interface for 2 voice channels and 2 synchronous/asynchronous data channe

Alarms Access Panel 37-pin connector that provides an alarm interface whiccan control 4 relays, 8 alarms,

Ethernet ISAC module A 4-port hub providing

Handset ISAC module An RJ-11 connector for the orderwire handset.

Motherboard ISAC module Two ribbon cable connectors

IF SP Unit SMB connector

Fiber Interface SP Unit Two connectors


Altium Microwave Radio System LEDs

LEDs

LEDs provide operational status and module fail information. They are controlled by the ISAC and the OSAC. The LEDs on the Access Panel are listed in Table 5-2.

The IDU contains the ISAC module and SP unit.

Table 5-2. LED Alarm Indications

Alarm Description

Major Red. Indicates traffic-affecting fault.

Minor Yellow. Indicates nontraffic affecting fault.

ODU Red - Indicates traffic-affecting fault.Yellow - Indicates nontraffic affecting fault and fault is in the path or ODU.

Maintenance Green - On indicates normal operating modeGreen - Flashing indicates self test. Yellow - On indicates protection has been manually switched. Yellow - Flashing indicates local and remote loopback testing in progress.


Coaxial Cable Altium Microwave Radio System

Coaxial Cable

The coaxial cable connects the IDU to the ODU. In a protected system there are two coaxial cables. For more information on coaxial cables, see Installing the IDU/ODU Coaxial Cable on page 1-22

Antenna

The antenna is application specific. It contains hardware for direct or remote mounting. For more information on the antenna, refer to the manufacturer’s documentation.

Web Maintenance Terminal

The Web Maintenance Terminal (WMT) application consists of a web browser running on a service terminal and WMT software on the Altium radio. The WMT software on the Altium radio is installed during the manufacturing process. It can be reloaded or upgraded in the field through the WMT. You can connect the maintenance terminal to the Altium radio either directly or remotely.


Altium Microwave Radio System System Configurations

System Configurations

The Altium system is optimized for protected operation. Table 5-4 lists the supported configurations. The first column describes the configuration. The second column lists the corresponding alphabetic abbreviations for each configuration. The third column lists the corresponding numeric abbreviations for each configuration. For example, the abbreviation NN indicates a configuration with two nonprotected radios. The abbreviation 1+1 indicates a configuration with one primary radio and one protection radio.

Table 5-3. System Configurations

Configuration

Nonprotected transmitter and receiver NN 1+0

Monitored hot standby transmitter and receiver HH 1+1

Monitored hot standby transmitters and space diversity receivers

HS 1+1


Protection Switching Altium Microwave Radio System

Protection Switching

Protection switching detects circuitry malfunctions on the SP unit and routes data to provide maximum protection against failures and to isolate internal or external system faults.

There are two types of protection switching: on-demand (manual) and automatic. Additionally, automatic remote TX switching protects the receiver from silent TX remote failures.

Figure 5-12. Nonprotected Altium Configuration

Table 5-4. Protected System Configurations

Configuration

Nonprotected transmitter and receiver 1+0

Monitored hot standby transmitter and receiver 1+1

Monitored hot standby transmitters and space diversity receivers

1+1

Signal Processor AISAC

MAJ MIN ODU MAINT

STATUS

A RADIO B

ESDSTM-1 INDOOR UNIT

VF/AUX DATA

ALARMS

NMS/AUX 3

MAINT

NMS/AUX 1

NMS/AUX 2

A

A

B

BBATTERY

1

0

1

0

0184

DiplexerRF Unit


Altium Microwave Radio System Protection Switching

Figure 5-13. 1+0 Nonprotected Transmitter and Receiver

Figure 5-14. Protected Altium Configuration

Tx

AuxVF

Rx

Tx-A

LIU-A

SP-A

ISAC

Muldem-A

Rx-A

MUX-A

DMX-A

Modem-A

Tx VR-A

MOD-A

DEMOD-A

RfTx-A

Synth-A

RfRx-A

Synth-A

Tx

Rx

Tx

Rx

ODU-A

0248

Signal Processor A Signal Processor BISAC

0183

DiplexerRF Unit RF Unit


Protection Switching Altium Microwave Radio System

Figure 5-15. 1+1 Monitored Hot Standby Protection Switching

Tx

0182

AuxVF

Rx

Tx-A

LIU-A

SP-A

ISAC

Muldem-A

Rx-A

MUX-A

DMX-A

Modem-A

Tx VR-A

MOD-A

DEMOD-A

RfTx-A

Synth-A

RfRx-A

Synth-A

Tx

Rx

Tx

Rx

Tx

Rx

Tx-B

LIU-B

SP-B

ODU-A

ODU-B

Muldem-B

Rx-B

MUX-B

DMX-B

Modem-B

Tx VR-B

MOD-B

DEMOD-B

RfTx-B

Synth-B

RfRx-B

Synth-B


Altium Microwave Radio System Protection Switching

Figure 5-16. 1+1 Space Diversity Protection Switching

Tx

0179

AuxVF

Rx

Tx-A

LIU-A

SP-A

ISAC

Muldem-A

Rx-A

MUX-A

DMX-A

Modem-A

Tx VR-A

MOD-A

DEMOD-A

RfTx-A

Synth-A

RfRx-A

Synth-A

Tx

Rx

Tx

Rx

Tx

Rx

Tx-B

LIU-B

SP-B

ODU-A

ODU-B

Muldem-B

Rx-B

MUX-B

DMX-B

Modem-B

Tx VR-B

MOD-B

DEMOD-B

RfTx-B

Synth-B

RfRx-B

Synth-B


Automatic Transmit Power Control Altium Microwave Radio System

Automatic Transmit Power Control

Automatic transmit power control (ATPC) provides two transmit power levels. Normal operation is at a low output power level. During certain conditions, the Altium system switches to a higher transmit power level (increase by 7 dB or more, depending on the transmit power output attenuation setting). ATPC switches back to the low transmit power level when external conditions permit it or when a time threshold is reached. ATPC causes no interruption in traffic.

The receiver determines the need to increase transmit power depending on low RSL, FEC, and parity counter overflow alarms. ATPC can be active for 5 minutes at a time. After that, it must be deactivated and an alarm raised.


Appendix A

System S pecifications

Operating Characteristics

Table A-1. System Specifications - 7 GHz Radio

Characteristic Description

Frequency Stability 10 ppm

Configurable Options NN, HH, HS, FF, 1:3 FF

Residual BER <10 -13

Antenna Connection CMR-112

Service Channels 2 Digital (64 Kbps synchronous), 2 VF (300 to 3400 Hz)

Alarms 8 TTL inputs, 4 TTL outputs, 4 configurable relays

Operating Temperature IDU (-10 to +55°C), ODU (-45 to +55°C)

Input Voltage -40 to -72 VDC

Power Consumption Nonprotected 70W, Protected 140W

Return Loss 12 dB

Antenna Port Impedance 50 ohms

Mechanics IDU 3.5 in. H, 17.5 in. W, 9.5 in. D(89 mm H, 445 mm W, 240 mm D)ODU 14 in. H, 17.5 in. W, 8 in. D(356 mm H, 445 mm W, 200 mm D)

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 System Specifications A-1

Part Numbers Altium Microwave Radio System

Part Numbers

The part numbers listed here are for spareable assemblies.

Envelope Drawings

Envelope drawings show the dimensions of the IDU (Figure 1-1) and the ODU (Figure A-2).

Table A-2. Part Numbers

Description Part Number

IDU

Fan Assembly

ISAC Assembly

Signal Processor Assembly

Access Panel Assembly

Configuration Card

ODU

RF Plug-in Assembly

OSAC Assembly

RF Distribution Assembly - NN

RF Distribution Assembly - HH

RF Distribution Assembly - HS

RF Distribution Assembly - HF

A-2 System Specifications PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Altium Microwave Radio System Envelope Drawings

Figure 1-1. IDU Envelope Drawing

0249

10.984

5.220

19.142

16.850

5.220

B

ANMS/AUX1 NMS/AUX1

NMS/AUX2MAINT

ESD

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 System Specifications A-3

Envelope Drawings Altium Microwave Radio System

Figure A-2. ODU Envelope Drawing

12.427

9.365

19.142

0201

Bottom

Side

Front (open)

A-4 System Specifications PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Glossar y

100BaseT. 100-Mbps baseband Fast Ethernet specification using UTP wiring. Like the 10BaseT technology on which it is based, 100BaseT sends link pulses over the network segment when no traffic is present. However, these link pulses contain more information than those used in 10BaseT. Based on the IEEE 802.3 standard. See also 10BaseT, Fast Ethernet, and IEEE 802.3.

10Base2. 10-Mbps baseband Ethernet specification using 50-ohm thin coaxial cable. 10Base2, which is part of the IEEE 802.3 specification, has a distance limit of 606.8 feet (185 meters) per segment. See also Cheapernet, Ethernet, IEEE 802.3, and Thinnet.

10BaseT. 10-Mbps baseband Ethernet specification using two pairs of twisted-pair cabling (Category 3, 4, or 5): one pair for transmitting data and the other for receiving data. 10BaseT, which is part of the IEEE 802.3 specification, has a distance limit of approximately 328 feet (100 meters) per segment. See also Ethernet and IEEE 802.3.

802.12. IEEE LAN standard that specifies the physical layer and the MAC sublayer of the data link layer. IEEE 802.12 uses the demand priority media-access scheme at 100 Mbps over a variety of physical media.

802.x. Set of IEEE standards for the definition of LAN protocols.

A&B bit signaling. Procedure used in T1 transmission facilities in which each of the 24 T1 subchannels devotes one bit of every sixth frame to the carrying of supervisory signaling information. Also called 24th

channel signaling.

address. Data structure or logical convention used to identify a unique entity, such as a particular process or network device.

ADC or A/D. Analog to Digital Converter

address mapping. Technique that allows different protocols to interoperate by translating addresses from one format to another. For example, when routing IP over X.25, the IP addresses must be mapped to the X.25 addresses so that the IP packets can be transmitted by the X.25 network.

address resolution. Generally, a method for resolving differences between computer addressing schemes. Address resolution usually specifies a method for mapping network layer (Layer 3) addresses to data link layer (Layer 2) addresses.

ADM. Add/Drop Multiplexer. Device which allows traffic to be inserted and/or dropped in either direction without demultiplexing the entire signal.

AGC. Automatic Gain control

agent. Generally, software that processes queries and returns replies on behalf of an application. In NMSs, process that resides in all managed devices and reports the values of specified variables to management stations.

alarm. SNMP message notifying an operator or administrator of a network problem.

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 Glossary-1

Glossary Altium Microwave Radio System

ANSI. American National Standards Institute. The coordinating body for voluntary standards groups within the United States. ANSI is a member of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

application. Program that performs a function directly for a user. FTP and Telnet clients are examples of network applications.

ARP. Address Resolution Protocol. Internet protocol used to map an IP address to a MAC address. Defined in RFC 826.

ASCII. American Standard Code for Information Interchange. 8-bit code for character representation (7 bits plus parity).

asynchronous transmission. Term describing digital signals that are transmitted without precise clocking. Such signals generally have different frequencies and phase relationships. Asynchronous transmissions usually encapsulate individual characters in control bits (called start and stop bits) that designate the beginning and end of each character.

ATM. Asynchronous Transfer Mode. (1) The CCITT standard for cell relay wherein information for multiple types of services (voice, video, data) is conveyed in small, fixed-size cells. ATM is a connection oriented technology used in both LAN and WAN environments. (2) A fast-packet switching technology allowing free allocation of capacity to each channel.

ATPC. Automatic Transmit Power Control

authentication. In security, the verification of the identity of a person or process.

AUX. Auxiliary

B8ZS. binary 8-zero substitution. Line-code type, used on T1 circuits, in which a special code is substituted whenever 8 consecutive zeros are sent over the link. This code is then interpreted at the remote end of the connection. This technique guarantees ones density independent of the data stream. Sometimes called bipolar 8-zero substitution.

Backplane. The main bus that carries data within a device.

Bandwidth. (1) Measure of the information capacity of a transmission channel. (2) The difference between the highest and lowest frequencies of a band that can be passed by a transmission medium without undue distortion, such as the AM band 535 to 1705 kilohertz. (3) Information carrying capacity of a communication channel. Analog bandwidth is the range of signal frequencies that can be transmitted by a communication channel or network.

bandwidth. Difference between the highest and lowest frequencies available for network signals. The term is also used to describe the rated throughput capacity of a given network medium or protocol.

baseband. Characteristic of a network technology where only one carrier frequency is used. Ethernet is an example of a baseband network. Also called narrowband. Contrast with broadband.

baud. Unit of signaling speed equal to the number of discrete signal elements transmitted per second. Baud is synonymous with bits per second (bps) if each signal element represents exactly 1 bit.

BER. 1. bit error rate. Ratio of received bits that contain errors. 2. basic encoding rules. Rules for encoding data units described in the ISO ASN.1 standard.

Glossary-2 PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Altium Microwave Radio System Glossary

BER. Bit Error Rate. (1) Percentage of bits in a transmittal received in error. (2) The number of coding violations detected in a unit of time, usually one second.

bipolar 8-zero substitution. See B8ZS.

BNC. Bayonet Neill-Concelman connector

BOOTP. Bootstrap Protocol. Protocol used by a network node to determine the IP address of its Ethernet interfaces, in order to affect network booting.

BPF. Band Pass Filter

bps. Bits Per Second. The number of bits passing a point every second. The transmission rate for digital information.

bridge. Device that connects and passes packets between two network segments that use the same communications protocol. Bridges operate at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI reference model. In general, a bridge will filter, forward, or flood an incoming frame based on the MAC address of that frame.

broadband. Transmission system that multiplexes multiple independent signals onto one cable. In telecommunications terminology, any channel having a bandwidth greater than a voice-grade channel (4 kHz). In LAN terminology, a coaxial cable on which analog signaling is used. Also called wideband. Contrast with baseband.

browser. GUI-based hypertext client application, such as Internet Explorer, Mosaic, and Netscape Navigator, used to access hypertext documents and other services located on innumerable remote servers throughout the WWW and Internet.

BW. Bandwidth

cable. Transmission medium of copper wire or optical fiber wrapped in a

protective cover.

carrier. Electromagnetic wave or alternating current of a single frequency, suitable for modulation by another, data-bearing signal. See also modulation.

CE. Compliance marking which denotes that a product conforms to certain European Economic Community Directives to remove technical barriers to trade within the Single Market (quotation taken from URN 94/634) (includes EMC/EMI, etc.).

CEPT. European Conference of postal and Telecommunications Administration

Channel. (1) A communication path. Multiple channels can be multiplexed over a single cable in certain environments. The term is also used to describe the specific path between large computers and attached peripherals. (2) An electrical or photonic, in the case of fiber optic-based transmission systems, communications path between two or more points of termination. (3) The smallest subdivision of a circuit that provides a type of communication service; usually a path with only one direction.

CLEI. Common Language Equipment Identification.

CLK. Clock

Clock. Any of the sources of timing signals used in isochronous data transmission.

CPU. Central Processing Unit

Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). (1) Telephone terminal devices, such as handsets and private branch exchanges (PBXs), located on the customer’s premises. (2) Terminating equipment, such as terminals, phones, routers and modems, supplied by the phone company, installed at customer sites, and connected to the phone company network.



DAC or D/A. Digital to Analog Converter

data circuit-terminating equipment. See DCE.

data communications equipment. See DCE.

data terminal equipment. See DTE.

dB. Decibel, logarithmic unit of signal ratio

DB connector. data bus connector. Type of connector used to connect serial and parallel cables to a data bus. DB connector names are in the format DB-x, where x represents the number of wires within the connector. Each line is connected to a pin on the connector, but in many cases, not all pins are assigned a function. DB connectors are defined by various EIA/TIA standards.

DB-25. The name of the standard 25-pin connector.

DB-9. The name of the standard 9-pin connector used for RS-232 serial communications.

dBm. Decibel referenced to 1 mW

DCE. 1. data communications equipment (EIA expansion) 2. data circuit-terminating equipment (ITU-T expansion). Devices and connections of a communications network that comprise the network end of the user-to-network interface. The DCE provides a physical connection to the network, forwards traffic, and provides a clocking signal used to synchronize data transmission between DCE and DTE devices. Modems and interface cards are examples of DCE.

demodulation. Process of returning a modulated signal to its original form. Modems perform demodulation by taking an analog signal and returning it to its original (digital) form. See also

modulation.

DEMOD. Demodulator

demultiplexing. Separating of multiple input streams that were multiplexed into a common physical signal back into multiple output streams.

DEMUX. De-Multiplexer

DFM. Dispersive Fade Margin

DS-0. digital signal level 0. Framing specification used in transmitting digital signals over a single channel at 64-kbps on a T1 facility.

DS-1. digital signal level 1. Framing specification used in transmitting digital signals at 1.544-Mbps on a T1 facility. Composed of 24 DS-0 channels in many cases. The DS1 digital transmission system is the primary digital communication system in North America (in the United States).

DS-3. Digital transmission facility operating at 45 Mbps bandwidth. Composed of 28 DS-1 channels in many cases.

DS-3. digital signal level 3. Framing specification used for transmitting digital signals at 44.736-Mbps on a T3 facility.

DTE. data terminal equipment. Device at the user end of a user-network interface that serves as a data source, destination, or both. DTE connects to a data network through a DCE device (for example, a modem) and typically uses clocking signals generated by the DCE. DTE includes such devices as computers, protocol translators, and multiplexers.

DTMF. Dual Tone Multi-Frequency

E1. The term for a digital facility used for transmitting data over a telephone network at 2.048 Mbps. The European



equivalent of T1. Consists of 30 64 kbps voice/data channels.

E3. Wide-area digital transmission scheme used predominantly in Europe that carries data at a rate of 34.368 Mbps. E3 lines can be leased for private use from common carriers. Consists of 16 E1 channels

ECC. Embedded Control Channel.

EEPROM. electrically erasable programmable read-only memory. EPROM that can be erased using electrical signals applied to specific pins.

EIA. Electronic Industries Association. Group that specifies electrical transmission standards. The EIA and TIA have developed numerous well-known communications standards, including EIA/TIA-232 and EIA/TIA-449.

EIA-530. Refers to two electrical implementations of EIA/TIA-449: RS-422 (for balanced transmission) and RS-423 (for unbalanced transmission).

EIA/TIA-232. Common physical layer interface standard, developed by EIA and TIA, that supports unbalanced circuits at signal speeds of up to 64 kbps. Closely resembles the V.24 specification. Formerly called as RS-232.

EIA/TIA-449. Popular physical layer interface developed by EIA and TIA. Essentially, a faster (up to 2 Mbps) version of EIA/TIA-232 capable of longer cable runs. Formerly called RS-449.

EIA/TIA-586. Standard that describes the characteristics and applications for various grades of UTP cabling.

EMC. Electromagnetic Compatibility

EMI. electromagnetic interference. Interference by electromagnetic signals that can cause reduced data integrity and increased error rates on transmission

channels.

EOW. Engineering Order Wire

EPROM. erasable programmable read-only memory. Nonvolatile memory chips that are programmed after they are manufactured, and, if necessary, can be erased by some means and reprogrammed.

ES. Error Second

ESD. Electrostatic Discharge

ESR.

Ethernet. A baseband LAN specification invented by Xerox Corporation and developed jointly by Xerox, Intel, and Digital Equipment Corporation. Ethernet networks operate at 10 Mbps using CSMA/CD to run over coaxial cable. Ethernet is similar to a series of standards produced by IEEE referred to as IEEE 802.3.

Ethernet. Baseband LAN specification invented by Xerox Corporation and developed jointly by Xerox, Intel, and Digital Equipment Corporation. Ethernet networks use CSMA/CD and run over a variety of cable types at 10 Mbps. Ethernet is similar to the IEEE 802.3 series of standards.

ETSI. European Telecommunications Standards Institute.

FCC. Federal Communications Commission. U.S. government agency that supervises, licenses, and controls electronic and electromagnetic transmission standards.

FDDI. Fiber Distributed Data Interface. LAN standard, defined by ANSI X3T9.5, specifying a 100-Mbps token-passing network using fiber-optic cable, with transmission distances of up to 2 km. FDDI uses a dual-ring architecture to provide redundancy.



FEC. Forward Error Correction

flow control. Technique for ensuring that a transmitting entity, such as a modem, does not overwhelm a receiving entity with data. When the buffers on the receiving device are full, a message is sent to the sending device to suspend the transmission until the data in the buffers has been processed. In IBM networks, this technique is called pacing.

G.703/G.704. ITU-T electrical and mechanical specifications for connections between telephone company equipment and DTE using BNC connectors and operating at E1 data rates.

GUI. graphical user interface. User environment that uses pictorial as well as textual representations of the input and output of applications and the hierarchical or other data structure in which information is stored. Conventions such as buttons, icons, and windows are typical, and many actions are performed using a pointing device (such as a mouse). Microsoft Windows and the Apple Macintosh are prominent examples of platforms using a GUI.

H/W. Hardware

handshake. Sequence of messages exchanged between two or more network devices to ensure transmission synchronization.

HH. Hot Standby TX / Hot Standby RX

HS. Hot Standby TX / Space Diversity RX

HTML. Hypertext Markup Language. Simple hypertext document formatting language that uses tags to indicate how a given part of a document should be interpreted by a viewing application, such as a Web browser. See also hypertext and Web browser.

HTTP. Hypertext Transfer Protocol. The

protocol used by Web browsers and Web servers to transfer files, such as text and graphic files.

IDU. In Door Unit

IEC. International Electrotechnical Commission. Industry group that writes and distributes standards for electrical products and components.

IEEE. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Professional organization whose activities include the development of communications and network standards. IEEE LAN standards are the predominant LAN standards today.

IEEE 802.3. IEEE LAN protocol that specifies an implementation of the physical layer and the MAC sublayer of the data link layer. IEEE 802.3 uses CSMA/CD access at a variety of speeds over a variety of physical media. Extensions to the IEEE 802.3 standard specify implementations for Fast Ethernet. Physical variations of the original IEEE 802.3 specification include 10Base2, 10Base5, 10BaseF, 10BaseT, and 10Broad36. Physical variations for Fast Ethernet include 100BaseT, 100BaseT4, and 100BaseX.

IEEE 802.5. IEEE LAN protocol that specifies an implementation of the physical layer and MAC sublayer of the data link layer. IEEE 802.5 uses token passing access at 4 or 16 Mbps over STP cabling and is similar to IBM Token Ring.

IF. Intermediate frequency

Internet. A collection of networks interconnected by a set of routers which allow them to function as a single, large virtual network.

iIP. Internet Protocol. Network layer protocol in the TCP/IP stack offering a connectionless internetwork service. IP provides features for addressing, type-of-service specification,



fragmentation and reassembly, and security. Defined in RFC 791.

IP address. 32-bit address assigned to hosts using TCP/IP. An IP address belongs to one of five classes (A, B, C, D, or E) and is written as 4 octets separated by periods (dotted decimal format). Each address consists of a network number, an optional subnetwork number, and a host number. The network and subnetwork numbers together are used for routing, while the host number is used to address an individual host within the network or subnetwork. A subnet mask is used to extract network and subnetwork information from the IP address. CIDR provides a new way of representing IP addresses and subnet masks. Also called an Internet address.

ISO 9000. Set of international quality-management standards defined by ISO. The standards, which are not specific to any country, industry, or product, allow companies to demonstrate that they have specific processes in place to maintain an efficient quality system.

ISAC. Indoor Service Administration and Control. Replaceable IDU module.

ITU-T. International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector. International body that develops worldwide standards for telecommunications technologies. The ITU-T carries out the functions of the former CCITT.

kbps. Kilo bit per second

LAN. local-area network. High-speed, low-error data network covering a relatively small geographic area (up to a few thousand meters). LANs connect workstations, peripherals, terminals, and other devices in a single building or other geographically limited area. LAN standards specify cabling and signaling at

the physical and data link layers of the OSI model. Ethernet, FDDI, and Token Ring are widely used LAN technologies.

Leased Line. A transmission line reserved by a communications carrier for the private use of a customer.

LED. Light Emitting Diode

line of sight. Characteristic of certain transmission systems such as laser, microwave, and infrared systems in which no obstructions in a direct path between transmitter and receiver can exist.

Link. Physical connection between two nodes in a network. It can consist of a data communication circuit or a direct channel (cable) connection.

LIU. Line Interface Unit

Local Loop. The line from a telephone customer’s premises to the telephone company Central Office.

LOF. Loss of Frame

LOS. Loss of Signal

LPBK. Loopback

LPF. Low Pass Filter

Mbps. Mega bit per second

MCU. Monitor and Control Unit.

MDF. Main Distribution Frame

MHSB. Monitored Hot Standby

MIB. Management Information Base. A database of information on managed objects that can be accessed via network management protocols such as SNMP and CMIP.

microwave. Electromagnetic waves in the range 1 to 30 GHz. Microwave-based networks are an evolving technology



gaining favor due to high bandwidth and relatively low cost.

modem. modulator-demodulator. Device that converts digital and analog signals. At the source, a modem converts digital signals to a form suitable for transmission over analog communication facilities. At the destination, the analog signals are returned to their digital form. Modems allow data to be transmitted over voice-grade telephone lines.

Modulation. process by which signal characteristics are transformed to represent information. Types of modulation include frequency modulation (FM), where signals of different frequencies represent different data values.

MTBF. Mean Time Between Failures (in 10+9 hours of operation)

MTTR. Mean Time to Repair

MULDEM. Multiplexer/Demultiplexer

multimode fiber. Optical fiber supporting propagation of multiple frequencies of light. See also single-mode fiber.

multiplexing. Scheme that allows multiple logical signals to be transmitted simultaneously across a single physical channel.

mux. multiplexing device. Combines multiple signals for transmission over a single line. The signals are demultiplexed, or separated, at the receiving end.

MUX. Multiplexer

NC. Normally Closed Contact of the Relay

NE. Network Element.

network. Collection of computers, printers, routers, switches, and other devices that are able to communicate with

each other over some transmission medium.

network administrator. Person responsible for the operation, maintenance, and management of a network.

NIC. 1. network interface card. Board that provides network communication capabilities to and from a computer system. Also called an adapter.

NMS. network management system. System responsible for managing at least part of a network. An NMS is generally a reasonably powerful and well-equipped computer such as an engineering workstation. NMSs communicate with agents to help keep track of network statistics and resources.

NN. Non-Protected Transmitter/Non-Protected Receiver

OAM&P. Operations, Administration and Maintenance Provisioning.

OC-1. Optical Carrier 1. ITU-ISS physical standard for optical fiber used in transmission systems operating at 51.84 Mbps.

OC-3. Optical Carrier 3. ITU-ISS physical standard for optical fiber used in transmission systems operating at 155 Mbps

OC-x. Optical Carrier. Fundamental unit used in SONET (Synchronous Optical NETwork) hierarchy. OC indicates an optical signal and x represents increments of 51.84 Mbps. OC-1, -3, and -12 equal optical rates of 51, 155, and 622 Mbps.

ODU. Outdoor unit

optical fiber. See fiber-optic cable.

OS. Operating System.



OSAC. Outdoor System Administration and Control

OSI. Open Systems Interconnection. A 7-layer architecture model for communications systems developed by ISO and used as a reference model for most network architectures.

PA. Power Amplifier

PCB. Printed Circuit Board

PCM. Pulse Code Modulation

PDH. Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

PDH. Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy.

plesiochronous transmission. Term describing digital signals that are sourced from different clocks of comparable accuracy and stability.

POH. Path OverHead.

PPP. Point-to-Point Protocol

PPP. Point-to-Point Protocol. Successor to SLIP that provides router-to-router and host-to-network connections over synchronous and asynchronous circuits. Whereas SLIP was designed to work with IP, PPP was designed to work with several network layer protocols, such as IP, IPX, and ARA. PPP also has builtin security mechanisms, such as CHAP and PAP. PPP relies on two protocols: LCP and NCP.

Premises. A building or a portion of a building in a multitenant building, or buildings on a continuous property (except Railroad Right-of-Way, etc.) not separated by a public highway except for an end user that offers Telecommunications Services exclusively as a reseller. This term is not to be limited to one building, but applies as well to a complex, or campus-type configuration, or buildings.

PSU. Power Supply Unit

PTT. Postal, Telegraph and Telephone Company. Generic term for a provider of these services. A governmental agency in many countries.

PWR. Power

QAM. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

QPSK. Quadrature Phase Shift Key Modulation

RAM. random-access memory. Volatile memory that can be read and written by a microprocessor.

RBOC. Regional Bell Operating Company. (1) One of seven telephone companies created after AT&T divestiture. (2) The acronym for the local telephone companies created in 1984 as part of the breakup of AT&T. The seven RBOCs are Ameritech, Bell Atlantic, Bell South, NYNEX, Pacific Telesis Group, Southwestern Bell, and U.S. West.

Regenerator. Repeater (1) A device that regenerates and propagates electrical signals between two network segments. (2) Device that restores a degraded digital signal for continued transmission; also called a regenerator.

RF. Radio Frequency

RF. radio frequency. Generic term referring to frequencies that correspond to radio transmissions. Cable TV and broadband networks use RF technology.

RFI. Radio Frequency Interference

RFI. radio frequency interference. Radio frequencies that create noise that interferes with information being transmitted across unshielded copper cable.

RJ-11. Standard 4-wire connectors for phone lines.

RJ-45. Standard 8-wire connectors for



IEEE 802.3 10BaseT networks.

RS-232. Popular physical layer interface. Now known as EIA/TIA-232.

RS-423. Unbalanced electrical implementation of EIA/TIA-449 for EIA/TIA-232 compatibility. Now referred to collectively with RS-422 as EIA-530.

RS-449. Popular physical layer interface. Now known as EIA/TIA-449.

RSL. Receive Signal Level

RSSI. Received Signal Strength Indicator

RTFM. read the fantastic manual. Acronym often used when someone asks a simple or common question.

RX. Receiver

S/W. Software

SDH. Synchronous Digital Hierarchy. European standard that defines a set of rate and format standards that are transmitted using optical signals over fiber. SDH is similar to SONET, with a basic SDH rate of 155.52 Mbps, designated at STM-1.

SES. Severe Error Second

Single Mode. Used to describe optical fiber that allows only one mode of light signal transmission.

Single-mode Fiber. Also called monomode. Single-mode fiber has a narrow core that allows light to enter only at a single angle. Such fiber has higher bandwidth than multimode fiber, but requires a light source with a narrow spectral width (for example, a LASER).

SONET. Synchronous Optical Network. High-speed (up to 2.5 Gbps) synchronous network specification developed by Bellcore and designed to run on optical fiber. STS-1 is the basic building block of SONET. Approved as an international

standard in 1988.

SNMP. Simple Network Management Protocol. The Internet network management protocol. SNMP provides a means to monitor and set network configurations and runtime parameters.

SOH. Section OverHead.

SONET. Synchronous Optical Network. (1) A set of standards for transmitting digital information over optical networks. Synchronous indicates that all pieces of the SONET signal can be tied to a single clock. (2) A CCITT standard for synchronous transmission up toe multigigabit speeds. (3) A standard for fiber optics.

SP. Signal Processing

STD. Standard FibreNex shelf.

STM-1. Synchronous Transport Module level 1. One of a number of SDH formats that specifies the frame structure for the 155.52-Mbps lines used to carry ATM cells.

STM-4. Synchronous Transport Module, Level 4. Transmission rate of 622.08 Mbps.

STS-1. Synchronous Transport Signal level 1. Basic building block signal of SONET, operating at 51.84 Mbps. Faster SONET rates are defined as STS-n, where n is a multiple of 51.84 Mbps.

subnet mask. 32-bit address mask used in IP to indicate the bits of an IP address that are being used for the subnet address. Sometimes referred to simply as mask.

synchronous transmission. Term describing digital signals that are transmitted with precise clocking. Such signals have the same frequency, with individual characters encapsulated in control bits (called start bits and stop bits) that designate the beginning and end of each character.



T1. Digital WAN carrier facility. T1 transmits DS-1-formatted data at 1.544 Mbps through the telephone-switching network, using AMI or B8ZS coding.

T3. Digital WAN carrier facility. T3 transmits DS-3-formatted data at 44.736 Mbps through the telephone switching network.

TDM. Time Division Multiplexing. Technique where information from multiple channels may be allocated bandwidth on a single wire based on time slot assignment.

Terminal. The device on a line where signals are either transmitted or received.

TFTP. Trivial File Transfer Protocol.

TIA. Telecommunications Industry Association. Organization that develops standards relating to telecommunications technologies. Together, the TIA and the EIA have formalized standards, such as EIA/TIA-232, for the electrical characteristics of data transmission.

TIA-232. -RS-422. Balanced electrical implementation of EIA/TIA-449 for high-speed data transmission. Now referred to collectively with RS-423 as EIA-530.

TIU. Tributary Interface Unit.

TNC. Threaded Neill-Concelman Connector.

TTL. Transistor to transistor logic.

TX. Transmitter

URL. Universal Resource Locator. Standardized addressing scheme for accessing hypertext documents and other services using a browser.

V.24. ITU-T standard for a physical layer interface between DTE and DCE. V.24 is

essentially the same as the EIA/TIA-232 standard.

V.32. ITU-T standard serial line protocol for bidirectional data transmissions at speeds of 4.8 or 9.6 Kbps.

V.32bis. ITU-T standard that extends V.32 to speeds up to 14.4 Kbps.

V.34. ITU-T standard that specifies a serial line protocol. V.34 offers improvements to the V.32 standard, including higher transmission rates (28.8 Kbps) and enhanced data compression.

V.35. ITU-T standard describing a synchronous, physical layer protocol used for communications between a network access device and a packet network. V.35 is most commonly used in the United States and in Europe, and is recommended for speeds up to 48 Kbps.

V.42. ITU-T standard protocol for error correction using LAPM.

VCO. Voltage Controlled Oscillator

VF. Voice Frequency

WAN. Wide Area Network. A network which encompasses interconnectivity between devices over a wide geographic area. Such networks would require public rights-of-way and operate over long distances.

wiring closet. Specially designed room used for wiring a data or voice network. Wiring closets serve as a central junction point for the wiring and wiring equipment that is used for interconnecting devices.

WMT. Web Based Maintenance Terminal

XTD. Extended FibreNex shelf.


1Index

AAccess Panel 5-7active FPGA SP A software version 4-76active FPGA SP B software version 4-76active IDU software version 4-76active ODU software version 4-76actual status 4-44AGC 1-28AIS enabled/disabled 4-43alarm, relay configuration 4-41Altium system

components 5-2overview 5-1

antenna alignment 1-28asynchronous/synchronous 4-39ATPC 5-34auto baud 4-54automatic transmit power control 5-34auxiliary loopback 4-67

Bbandwidth 4-35bandwidth, SP 4-42BER data (side A) 4-63BER data (side B) 4-63

Ccapacity

link status 4-35SP configuration 4-42

clock edge type 4-39clock type 4-39coaxial cable

A-side, B-side 1-24connecting 1-25service loop 1-24TNC connectors 1-22

coaxial cable, installing 1-22coaxial cables, recommended 1-22comments 4-37configuration PROM 3-12, 5-25configure ports 4-57connectors

CONTROL/ALARMS 1-39, 5-18Ethernet hub 1-30, 5-22handset 5-22

MAINT 1-36NMS/Aux 1 1-34NMS/Aux 2 1-35NMS/Aux 3 1-35summary 5-26VF/AUX DATA 1-37

control TTL output 4-44CONTROL/ALARMS 1-39crimp tools 1-22current bit errors 4-67current, RSSI 4-64

Ddata bits 4-39, 4-54, 4-58data channel name 4-39data channel number 4-39data rate 4-39date 4-35description 4-61destination of the download 4-74disable ATPC 4-47

Eenable always 4-40enable online TX only 4-40envelope drawings A-2EOW 1-33equipment unpacking 1-2errored second 4-63errored second ratio 4-63ESD protection 1-6Ethernet hub

description 5-22installing 1-30

event types 4-60exchange FPGA SP A software 4-75exchange FPGA SP B software 4-75exchange IDU software 4-75exchange ODU software 4-75external equipment 1-30external MUX present 4-40

Ffan module

description 5-22replacing 3-13

PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999 Index-1

Index Altium Microwave Radio System

fiber optic cables, connecting 1-11filename to download 4-74flexible waveguide 1-14flow control 4-54, 4-58frame loss seconds 4-63frequency band 4-35fuses

applying power 1-27removing power 3-10type 3-10

Ggain 4-45grounding

IDU 1-5ODU 1-6system 1-5

Hhandset connector, description 5-22handset, installing 1-33HH 5-29horizontal polarization, ODU 1-16HS 5-29

IID PROM 5-25IDU

daisychaining, hub site 1-32daisychaining,repeater site 1-32fuses 1-27grounding 1-5housing 5-22installing 1-9LEDs 3-2operation 5-5

IDU battery voltages 4-65IDU boot software version 4-76IDU temperature 4-65IF loopback 4-67inactive FPGA SP A software version 4-76inactive FPGA SP B software version 4-76inactive IDU software version 4-76inactive ODU software version 4-76installation

antenna alignment 1-28applying power 1-27coaxial cable 1-22connecting fiber optic cables 1-11CONTROL/ALARMS 1-39ESD protection 1-6Ethernet hub 1-30

external equipment 1-30grounding 1-5handset 1-33IDU 1-9mounting ears 1-9ODU 1-14power 1-3rack space 1-3remote mount, ODU 1-14site preparation 1-3tools and test equipment 1-8VF/AUX DATA channel 1-37

installation kit 1-7IP address 4-56ISAC module

configuration PROM 3-12operation 5-6replacing 3-11

Llast reset 4-63, 4-64LEDs

Access Panel 5-27IDU 3-2ODU 3-3troubleshooting 3-4

Link Status screen 4-34LIU loopback 4-67lock RF RX online 4-72lock RF TX online 4-72lock SP RX online 4-72locking status 4-35

MMAINT 1-36manual ATPC time remaining 4-47manual time interval 4-47maximum diplexer Rx frequency 4-48maximum diplexer TX frequency 4-48maximum synthesizer Rx frequency 4-51maximum synthesizer Tx frequency 4-51maximum transceiver Rx frequency 4-52maximum transceiver Tx frequency 4-52maximum TX power attenuator 4-47maximum, RSSI 4-64MDI interface 1-30MDI-X Interface 1-30millivolts-to-decibels 1-28minimum diplexer Rx frequency 4-48minimum diplexer TX frequency 4-48minimum synthesizer Rx frequency 4-51minimum synthesizer Tx frequency 4-51minimum transceiver Rx frequency 4-52

Index-2 PN 300-610012-001 Preliminary 2, January 1999

Altium Microwave Radio System Index

minimum transceiver TX frequency 4-52minimum, RSSI 4-64modem dial mode 4-55modem dial script 4-55modem hang-up script 4-55modem list 1 4-54, 4-58modem list 2 4-54, 4-58modem setup script 4-55modulation, SP configuration 4-43mounting ears 1-9

Nname

control input TTL 4-44control output TTL 4-44relay configuration 4-41

netmask 4-56NMS configuration 4-56NMS/Aux 1 1-34NMS/Aux 2 1-35NMS/Aux 3 1-35NN 5-29no modem list 4-54, 4-58no phone list 4-54, 4-58no preference 4-40number, control output TTL 4-44number, relay 4-41

OODU

connectors 1-25grounding 1-6horizontal polarization 1-16housing 5-25installing 1-14LEDs 3-3offset configuration 1-21remote mount 1-14space diversity, flexible waveguide 1-19space diversity, Slip fit and waveguide 1-18vertical polarization 1-17

ODU battery voltages 4-65ODU boot software version 4-76ODU temperature 4-65offset configuration, ODU 1-21operating characteristics A-1order wire address 4-45orderwire address 4-45OSAC module

description 5-23replacing 3-24

Ppacking list 1-2parity bits 4-39part numbers A-2pass through 4-39phone list 1 4-54, 4-58phone list 2 4-54, 4-58pinouts

CONTROL/ALARMS 1-39Ethernet hub 1-30handset 1-33MAINT 1-36NMS/Aux 1 1-34NMS/Aux 2 1-35NMS/Aux 3 1-35VF/AUX DATA 1-37

port parity 4-54, 4-58port speed 4-54, 4-58power

applying 3-10cable assembly 1-3connecting 1-3input voltage 1-3

powering on 1-27prefer side A 4-40primary address of bootp server 4-74PROM 5-25protection settings 4-49protection switching 5-30

Rrack space 1-3radio name

link info 4-37link status 4-35

radio typelink info 4-37link status 4-35

receive ACC map 4-54receive splitter type 4-49relays 5-20remote mount, ODU 1-14Return Material Authorization 3-5returning equipment 3-5RF Distribution module

description 5-24replacing, nonprotected 3-19replacing, protected 3-20replacing, space diversity 3-22

RF Plug-in modulereplacing, nonprotected 3-14replacing, protected 3-15replacing, space diversity 3-17



RF plugin module 5-24RF Rx locking status 4-72RF Tx locking status 4-72RJ-11 1-33RJ-45 1-30RSSI 1-28run test 4-67Rx frequency

link info 4-37link status 4-35RF distribution 4-51

Sscrambler code 4-43secondary address of bootp server 4-74select modem list 4-55select to change 4-42sequence number 4-60service loop 1-24set/status 4-44severely errored second 4-63severely errored second ratio 4-63severity

control input TTL 4-44event logs 4-61

Signal Processor Module 5-5site name 4-35, 4-37SNMP manager 4-56source, events 4-61SP module

replacing, nonprotected 3-6replacing, protected 3-8

SP Rx locking status 4-72SP TX locking status 4-72space diversity, flexible waveguide, ODU 1-19space diversity, ODU 1-18speaker 1-33speaker volume 4-45status, relays 4-41stop bits 4-39, 4-54, 4-58stop test 4-67subnet mask 4-12synthesizer 4-50, 5-25system commissioning

bit error tests 2-5commissioning form 2-13fade margin setup 2-9fade margin tests (optional) 2-6frequency measurement (optional) 2-7frequency measurement setup 2-10loopback tests 2-4optional test 2-2optional test equipment 2-2

optional test procedures 2-6preliminary tests 2-2RSL (optional) 2-6RSL setup 2-8test data 2-3test equipment 2-1test procedures 2-3tests performed 2-1tx power (optional) 2-7TX power setup 2-11

system configurations 5-29system specifications A-1

Ttest origin 4-66test type 4-66TFTP server IP 4-56TFTP timer 4-56time stamp, event log 4-60time, link status 4-35TNC connectors

crimp tool 1-22crimp type 1-22preparing 1-22

tools and test equipment 1-8total accumulated errors 4-67total available seconds 4-63total elapsed time 4-67total test seconds 4-63total unavailable seconds 4-63transmit ACC map 4-54tributary list 4-66troubleshooting

LEDs 3-4undetected faults 3-5

TTL inputs 5-18TTL outputs 5-18Tx frequency

link info 4-37link status 4-35RF distribution 4-51

Tx power 4-47Tx power attenuator 4-47type, relays 4-41

Uunpacking equipment 1-2

Vvalue, events 4-61vapor wrap 1-25vertical polarization, ODU 1-17


Altium Microwave Radio System Index

VF loopback 4-68VF/AUX DATA, installing 1-37view test diagram 4-66voice 1, voice channel 4-45voice 2, voice channel 4-45

Wwayside loopback 4-67WMT

connecting to Altium radio 4-9Ethernet connection 4-9exiting 4-33MAINT connector 4-14navigation 4-3overview 4-1reset button 4-7screens summary 4-2send button 4-7starting 4-33


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