Alternative feed stuff or The simplest and fastest route to relive the present pressure on arable land. Anders.kiessling@slu.se

A map over animal feed, but could as well be human food

Feed

**

**European farmers import the equivalent of 50 million tones of soybean per year.

47% of soy and 60% of corn produced in the US is used in animal feed.

(Grace Communication Foundation)

And about ¼ of world catches of fish is used as animal feed.

(FAO, 2012)

Recaptured nutrients to feed: Feed mussels, insects, single cell/microbes

By Sergio Zimmermann

- Microbes, is together with plants, the feed base of our ecosystem that transform short sugars and minerals to protein, lipids and vitamins. - Man, as all other higher animals, has microbes rather than plants as original evolutionary nutrition base.

Green water farming

Microbial protein / Bio-protein meal

Micro fungi

Yeast Bacteria Growth rate / day: Bacteria every 20 min => 272 Yeast every 2 h => 212 Micro algae once a day => 21

Picture courtesy of Matilda Olstorpe

Jästbolaget, Rotebro, Sweden. Produce 20.000 ton yeast/year

Good condition 10 mg of yeast => 150 ton in a week.

Picture courtesy of Matilda Olstorpe

Microbes have high levels of RNA (10-15%) due to high protein synthesis. Living cells metabolizing the N in RNA to:

RNA relay the information of

DNA to the protein synthesis

Fish => Has all enzymes to eat large amounts of

microbes

To water

In mammals uric acid =>

kidney stones and gout

Fish offal 0,36 kg (vv)

Food waste 0,07 kg (vv)

Feed: fish, poultry, pig ?

Feed to farmed fish

0,9 kg

File 0,54 kg

Microbial protein meal 0,4 kg (DM)

Biogas 1,3 kWh ?

Manura ……….

Food waste 1 kg (DM)

Bio-reactor

Merkan II, (SIDA) Vietnam/Cambodia: 2014-2018 • Brewers yeast (as is) • Rice brand • Broken rice • Cassava • Pangasius offal

Picture courtesy of Matilda Olstorpe

Based on growth data from Jästbolaget for (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) a week (i.e. use same start

amount every week)

Result in 1.4 x 1015 ton protein (AA near fish

meal)

Present protein conversion in salmon (48%) => 6.7 x 1014

ton fish protein = 3.4 x 1015 ton fish.

World 2010 Harvest 1 x 108 ton fish = 2 x 107 ton protein Farmed 0.5 x 108 ton fish = 1 x 107 ton protein

FORMAS Project: Mikrobes as sustainable feed source To farmed fish

World harvest of wheat 2010 = uses roughly 1,744 ton wheat protein for

sowing.

Result in 9.8 x 107 ton protein (AA low in lysine but

also in arginine and methionine)

Bild A.Kiessling

Fish a cow, but in water? By eating microbes transform nutrients uneatable to humans, back into healthy and tasty food.

Tanks for your attention