alternative construction solution and documentation

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 [ARC3514 / ARC3512]

Project 1 Alternative Construction Solution and Documentation

by Kian Soon Jean [0314978]Tutor: Ms Cheryl Ngiam

Table of Contents

Introduction pg 3

pg 7

pg 8

pg 11

pg 17

pg 21

Construction System Proposal

Advantages & Disadvantages to Systems

Precedent Study - Construction Systems

Materials Specifications

Bibliography

pg 3

The project taken for reference in this assignment is the Nature Appreciation Centre located in Belum Rainforest, Perak, Malaysia. It aims to provide a public space that promotes human intimacy with nature. The proposed programme involve community gatherings for cultural events, a local market and a tourist destination.

Introduction

pg 4

Former Drawings

pg 5

Former Drawings

pg 6

Former Drawings

pg 7

Construction System Proposal

Roof System

Bamboo Shingles, Bamboo Support

Terra-cota Cladded Steel Stud Cavity Wall; Bamboo Screen Wall

Tegral Comflor 60 Composite Flooring

(Bellobamboo.com, 2015)

(Zobacz wszystkie wpisy, 2015)

Source: http://www.bjduowei.net.cn/en/images/userfiles/1351148949_170.jpg

Proposed

Wall System

Floor System

pg 8

System Advantages Disadvantages

Existing

Rammed earth

High aesthetics (texture & visual)

Readily available (abundant)

Acts as thermal mass

Recyclable material

Requires more build area

Low strength to weight ratio

Skills required for its construction is not common

Not suitable for overly humid weathers

Proposed

Terra-cotta cladded steel cavity wall

Longer-lasting; Durable

Sustains more load; Longer clear spans

Sustainable in the long term

Relatively low cost

Abundant in resource locally

Quick construction

High carbon footprint

Relatively costly

More vulnerable to fire

Wall System

Precedent study: Bechtler Museum of Modern Art


Sustainablebuildingdesign.wordpress.com,. (2014)

Steelconstruction.info,. (2015)

pg 9


Existing

Timber planking on wooden beams and columns

More lightweight compared to rammed earth flooring

Good texture and visual appearance

Easy installation

Recyclable material

Requires maintenance and preservation

Timber is sensitive to humidity and dampness and overexposure to sunlight

Less easy jointing and precision compared to steel structure

Timber is more expensive than bamboo

Proposed

Composite slab

Longer-lasting; Durable

Sustains more load; Longer clear spans

Relatively low carbon footprint

Relatively low cost

Abundant in resource locally

Heavy

Labor intensive for construction

Requires longer time to construct

Dull aesthetics

Floor System

Precedent study: The Waterfront, Grantham


Hughes, D. (2015)

Cistructures.co.uk,. (2015)

Timber Joist and Deck

pg 10


Existing

Timber shingles with timber trusses

Recyclable and renewable materials

Good insulation properties of wood contributingto long-term energy savings

Texture and color of wood enhance visual aesthetic

Lightweight and low expansion and contraction rate

Easy installation

Durability problem especially with tropical climate

Maintenance and weather resistance prevention needed

Flammable

Proposed

Bamboo shingles with bamboo supporting structure

Renewable material

Lightweight and strong

Flexible, allowing more organic shape

Good insulation properties

Cheap and fast growing material

Easy installation

Requires preservation, low durability if untreated

Hard to standardize shape

Jointing problems

Lack of design guidance and detailing

Flammable

Roof System

Precedent studies: German Shanghai Bamboo Pavilion

Children's Activity And Learning Center, Thailand


Bamboo Shingles, Bamboo Support

(Bellobamboo.com, 2015)

Metal Deck, Timber Support

(Cmarchtx.com, 2015)

pg 11

Precedent Study: Westwood Timber Flooring @ Esprit Boutique, Singapore

It is a flagship store located in the prime shopping district of Orchard Road in Singapore. The Bona Oil was used as a finish to the timber flooring for a luxurious image and for longevity. The floor will be maintained with Bona Soap and Bona Carls Oil 25.

Construction Type: New Flooring

Floor Type: American White Oak

Surface Area: 350sqm

Product Used: Bona Oil 45

Application Method: Bona Applicator Pad

Flooring Contractor: 3 Rootz

Year: 2008

Construction Systems

pg 12

Precedent Study: Comflor Composite Flooring with Steel Frame @ The Waterfront, Grantham

The Waterfront is a majot new residential complex developed by Urban Residential Development and Investment Ltd in Grantham town centre. The building was built with hot-rolled steel frame, composite beams, composite floor slabs using metal decking and light steel infill walls. The composite floor used is a 175mm slab on 60mm deep trapezoidal metal decking (Comflor 60) with normal weight concrete. Its infill walls are only 150mm thick consisting of light steel studs with, insulation between the studs and both sides of the wall lined with two layers of sound resistant plasterboard. The hot rolled frame was chosen for its speed of construction and its predicted lower cost comparred to a concrete frame structure. The steel structure was successfully erected in only six weeks.

Floor Element

Carpark Floor Below Residences Comflor 60 Installation

(SCI P371/1 The Waterfront, Grantham: A steel frame with composite floors, 2007)

Junction Detail Between Separating Floor and Wall

Comflor


Client: Urban Residential Development and Investment LtdArchitect: Urban Residential Development and Investment LtdStructural Engineer: Leonard Murray and Associates LtdSteelwork Contractor: Caunton Engineering LtdAcoustic Consultant: Environmental Noise Solutions Ltd

pg 13

Construction SystemsPrecedent Study: Terra-Cotta Cladded Steel Stud Wall @ The Bechtler Museum of Modern Art

Tryon & First St.Charlotte, NC

ARCHITECTMario Botta

ARCHITECT-OF-RECORDWagner Murray Architects

INSTALLATION CONTRACTORWasco Inc.

PRODUCTTerraClad

FORMING METHODExtrusion

The museum is located in a city that has undergone a rapid urban development in recent years. It houses important works of art such as that of Andreas Bechtlers and artists such as Picasso, Warhol, Le Corbusier and Lger. The building is hollowed out to offer an outdoor public courtyard outlined by the plastic volumes at the back. The four-storey building has a soaring glass atrium that extends through the core of the museum, diffusing natural light throughout the building due to vaulted skylights. The terra cotta exterior cladding gave the museum a rigorous though elegant simplicity.

Wall Section Detail at Fourth Floor Parapet (ArchitectureWeek, 2015)(ArchitectureWeek, 2015)

Section (ArchDaily, 2014)

TerraClad External

Section (ArchDaily, 2014)

pg 14

This manta ray-inspired children center with its large organic canopy cantilevering up to 8 meters is anchored into a rocky slope and is faced towards the gulf bay. The canopy formed by the complex intertwining of bamboo members with bamboo shingles covering it provides shading and protection from the extremes of tropical climate. Besides the massive roof with open interior spaces ensure the spaces are always well ventilated and lit from indirect light, maintaining the thermal comfort in the building.

The interior flooring is made up of local plantation river red gum wood, resting on the weaved bamboo structures. Due to the versatile characteristics of bamboo reeds, different sizes of bamboos are used for the construction. The larger poles are used for the two anchoring columns that attach to a large concrete pylon. Transitioning from the column base into the roof the sizes of the bamboo members decrease, to allow more flexibility in making the overall form. Instead, the bamboo are grouped together to form beams on perpendicular grids. Lastly, the bamboos are split and flattened to create the roof tiles.

Precedent Study: Childrens Activity And Learning Center, Thailand


pg 15


Architects: 24h- ArchitectureClient: Six Senses Resorts and SpasProgram: auditorium/cinema, library, art room, music room, fashion room, hangout balcony and slide

Completion: 2009

Floor area: 165 sqm

Bamboo consultant: Jrg Stamm, Colombialocal architect: Habita architects, Thailandstructural

Engineerbuilding: Planning & design, Thailand

Structuralengineer for wind-tunnel tests: Ove Arup Thailand

(Janssen, 2000): Common plait materials are bamboo and rattan. Thay may be soaked before used for more pliability. As they dry up, their fibres shrink and the connection tightens.

Jointing with Steel (Janssen, 2000)

pg 16

The German-Chinese pavilion built for the Expo 2010 Shanghai attracts attention by virtue of the materials used and its transparent structure. The bamboo canes are giant columns up to 23 cm in diameter with stainless-steel node fittings concreted into the ends. The pavillion is enclosed by a screen supported by a bamboo-veneered steel structure, while the internal platform is borne by specially developed beams in laminated bamboo. The bamboo parquet and furniture demonstrate the versatility of this renewable raw material.

Precedent Study: Bamboo Pavilion for the Expo Shanghai

Jointing with Steel (Janssen, 2000)Stainless Steel node fittingsStainless Steel node fittings


pg 17

Materials Sizes and material properties Manufacturer Image

Comflor 60 60mm depth corrugated metal

decking

Comflor

Fibreflor Concrete Novocon FE1050 steel fibres

150 micro-synthetic fibres

Tegral

Teak flooring Length: 450mm- 2400mm

Width: 80mm/90/mm/100mm

Thickness: 15mm/ 20mm

Westwood Floorings

Bona Oil 45 5L and 1L containers

For timber surface treatment

Dry solids 45%

Based on tall oil from pine trees

Bona AB

DPH 4, 5 Levels 74mm-170mm height capacity

Levels up to 5% slope degree

Buzon Pedestal International

Bona polyurethane parquet adhesive

Density: 1.7g/cm3 Base: Mixture of poluols and pMDI

Bona AB

Floor Materials

1


pg 18


Rondo steel studs, channels, wall tracks

95mm x custom length; 130mm x custom length

Rondo

TerraClad 320mm x 40mm Boston Valley

Glasroc sheathing 2440mm x 1220mm x 12.7mm British Gypsum

TOUGHROCK FIREGUARD C

GYPSUM BOARD

(2440MM X 1220MM X 12.7MM

THK)

Georgia Pacific

Fibreflor Concrete Novocon FE1050 steel fibres

150 micro-synthetic fibres

Tegral

Wall Materials

1


pg 19


Bamboo shingles No standard sizes

Made up of flattened bamboo

sections

Chiangmai Life Construction Co.,

Ltd.

Bamboo poles Diameter: 1 (40mm) to 5

(125mm)

Length: maximum 20feets (6

meters)

Malaysia Bamboo

Insulation Rubber Mat 5mm Thickness Hebei Siti Electrical Equipment

Co.,Ltd

Rondo top hat 95mm x 50mm Rondo

Toughrock fireguard c gypsum 12.7mm thick Georgia Pacific

Roof; Ceiling Materials

11


pg 20


BLOWN SOCKET PERFORATED

PIPE

6m length89mm diameter

Brett Martin

Thistle Bond-it Coverage: 4.5m2 per litreGreen in colourVinyl acetate emulsion, mineral fillers

British Gypsum

Oldroyd Gtx cavity drainage membrane

Studded polypropylene membrane with geotextile filter fleece

Function: -Drainage layer for external basement waterproofing applications

- Allows moisture to move behind the membrane and allow for shrinkage movement when screeds are laid on top

Size: 2m x 15m

Thickness: 5mm

Air Gap (determines flow capacity): 3.5 I/m2

Oldroyd

Vandex Super Function: In-depth crystalline

active waterproofing slurry

Bulk Density: 1.25 kg/l

Colour: Cement Grey

Setting Time: 60 minutes

Aggregate state: Powder

Safeguard Europe Ltd

Proposed Basement Materials

1


pg 21

Sharma, P., Dhanwantri, K., & Mehta, S. (2014). Bamboo as a Building Material.International Journal of Civil Engineering Research, 5(3), 249-254 Research. Retrieved from http://www.ripublication.com/ijcer.htm

SCI P371/1 The Waterfront, Grantham: A steel frame with composite floors. (2007) (1st ed.). Ascot.

Mullett, D. (1998). Composite floor systems. Oxford: Blackwell Science.

Bostonvalley.com,. (2015). TerraClad Terra Cotta Specifications, Details, Sustainability. Retrieved from http://bostonvalley.com/downloads-3/

Janssen, J. (2000). Designing and Building with Bamboo. Eindhoven: International Network for Bamboo and Rattan.Bona System. (2014) (1st ed.). Singapore. Retrieved from https://www.bona.com/PageFiles/40315/Bona_Product_Catalogue_201415%20-%20LR.pdf

Kia Lim Berhad. (n.d.). Clay Bricks. Retrieved April 30, 2015, from http://www.kialim.com.my/bricks-spec.phpMalaysia Bamboo. (n.d.). Products & Services. Retrieved May 5, 2015, from http://www.malaysiabamboo.com/products-services.html

Brettmartin.com,. (2015). Perforated Pipe | Surface Water Drainage Systems | Brett Martin. Retrieved from http://www.brettmartin.com/en-gb/plumbing-and-drainage/products/underground/surface-water-2/perforated-pipe.aspx Bona System. (2014). Singapore. Retrieved from https://www.bona.com/PageFiles/40315/Bona_Product_Catalogue_201415%20-%20LR.pdf

Cistructures.co.uk,. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.cistructures.co.uk/themes/cistruct/more

Clark, R. (1999). Commercial metal stud framing. Carlsbad, CA: Craftsman Book Co.

British-gypsum.com,. (2015). Thistle Bond-It . Retrieved, from http://www.british-gypsum.com/products/thistlebond-it

Hughes, D. (2015). Deck frame building. Images and ideas DIY.. Gardenseeker.com. Retrieved from http://www.gardenseeker.com/decking/building%20a%20deck/decking-sub-frame-base-images.html

Vandex Super/Super White. (2015) (1st ed.). Retrieved from http://static.safeguardeurope.com/pdfs/vandex_super_white.pdfBellobamboo.com,. (2015). The Bello Bamboo Company . Retrieved from http://www.bellobamboo.com/event/bamboo-future-retreat-in-bello-oct-4-7-2013/

Cmarchtx.com,. (2015). craig mcmahon architects. Retrieved from http://www.cmarchtx.com/

ArchDaily,. (2014). Bechtler Museum of Modern Art / Mario Botta. Retrieved from http://www.archdaily.com/522034/bechtler-museum-of-modern-art-mario-botta/

Theworldofmyth.com,. (2015). Bamboo Fencing Ideas | Theworldofmyth.Com. Retrieved from http://www.theworldofmyth.com/bamboo-fencing-ideas.html

Zobacz wszystkie wpisy, k. (2015). Pot drewniany jaki wybra?. Blog ogrodniczy Ogrodosfera.pl. Retrieved from http://ogrodosfera.pl/blog/plot-drewniany-jaki-wybrac/

Safeguardeurope.com,. (2015). Oldroyd Gtx Range | Geotextile cavity drainage membranes for basement waterproofing vertical and horizontal drainage applications. Retrieved from http://www.safeguardeurope.com/products/oldroy

Static.safeguardeurope.com,. (2009). Oldroyd Xs. Krager Nringspark. Retrieved from http://static.safeguardeurope.com/pdfs/bba_ol

Steelconstruction.info,. (2015). Facades and interfaces. Retrieved 9 May 2015, from http://www.steelconstruction.info/Facades_and_inte

Sustainablebuildingdesign.wordpress.com,. (2014). Eco-materials | Sustainable Building Design. Retrieved from https://sustainablebuildingdesign.wordpress.com/category/eco-materials/

Bibliography

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