alex wyczalkowski mechanical option senior thesis presentation€¦ · senior thesis presentation....

alex wyczalkowskimechanical option

senior thesis presentationapril 15 2009

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN

ENERGY & COST ANALYSIS

LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

OVERVIEW

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Design Objectives

Sustainability

Comfort

Economy

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Building OverviewStatsTotal SF: 50,590$11.1 million

$219.40/SF$1.39 million mechanical cost

$27.48/SF

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Waterside Mechanical

VAV System

Open Loop Ground Water Heat Transfer

Heat Recovery Chiller

Heating

Boiler Added

Cooling

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Variable Air Volume

Conditioned Space

AHU

Chiller

OA

Return Air

CWS

Cooling Coil

55F

38F

74F

CWR

52F

36,000 CFM Variable Volume

Conditioned Space

AHU

Heat Recovery Chiller

OA

Return Air

HWS

Heating Coil

95F

38F

74F

HWR

52F

36,000 CFM Variable Volume

Natural Gas Boiler

HeatingCooling

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Mechanical Redesign

VAV

• Variable air volume

• Sensible and latent loads

DOAS

• Ventilation air• Latent loads• Radiant Panels

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Dedicated Outdoor Air SystemEnthalpy Wheel

Conditioned Space

DOASAHU

Boiler Radiant Panel

Return Air

Hot Water

Return Water

Roof‐top Heat Pump

42F

140F

70F

Heat Pump

OA

100F

5110 CFM Constant Volume

Enthalpy Wheel

Conditioned Space

DOASAHU

Main ChillerRadiant Panel

OA

Return Air

Chilled Water

Roof‐top Chiller

42F

56.5F

74F

Return Water 61.5F

5110 CFM Constant Volume HeatingCooling

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Central Plant Considerations

System SplitVentilation Air

42F

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Central Plant Considerations


42F

Radiant Panels56.5F

Boiler

HP

Heat Exchanger

Ground Source Well

Radiant Panels

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Boiler

HP

Heat Exchanger

Ground Source Well

Radiant Panels Central Plant Considerations


42F

Radiant Panels56.5F

Hot Water TemperatureEfficiency vs. thermal stratificationRaise ΔT

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

DOAS ‐ Comfort

Proper VentilationNo mixed air

Humidity ControlLatent and Sensible Loads Decoupled

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

DOAS ‐ Costs

Added Costs Savings

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Piping

Hot Water45 GPMPiping from original design adequate

Chilled Water225 GPM

Boiler

HP

Heat Exchanger

Ground Source Well

Radiant Panels

Copper piping PEX Steel

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Piping

Hot Water$9,060 savings

Chilled Water($50,070) added

Boiler

HP

Heat Exchanger

Ground Source Well

Radiant Panels

Copper piping PEX Steel

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Radiant Panels

Sensible LoadsCooling

Interior and Perimeter42% of ceiling5°F ΔT

HeatingPerimeter only40°F ΔT

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Radiant Panels

Cooling17615 SF$13/SF

Heating6,316 SF$2/SF additional

($241,620)

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Air Side System

5110 CFM AHU $85,00015% of originalConstant Volume

Enthalpy Wheel ($10,600)80% efficient

Smaller Ductwork $15,600Terminal Unit Dampers $44,900High Induction Diffusers ($1,500)

Conditioned Space

AHU

Chiller

OA

Return Air

CWS

Cooling Coil

55F

38F

74F

CWR

52F

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

First Cost Analysis

Total Mechanical Cost Cost/SF Redesign Savings Savings/SF

Original $1,394,511 $27.56

Redesign $1,537,814 $30.40 ($143,303) ($2.83)

$0

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

$250,000

$300,000

$350,000

$400,000

Original

Diffusers

Chiller Reduction

FTU

Enthalpy Wheel

AHU

Ductwork

Piping

Radiant Panels

Redesign

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Ventilation Load Energy Savings

Enthalpy WheelReduced load on AHU Chiller

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS


Enthalpy WheelReduced load on AHU Chiller

Yearly Heating: 202,000 kBTUYearly Cooling: 8,900 kBTU

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

kBTU

's

Hour of Day

January Day Ventilation Heating Load

Original

Redesign

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

kBTU

's

Hour of Day

January Day Ventilation Heating Load

Original

Redesign

15,100 kWh$1,208

Yearly Savings

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS


Cooling Load Peak Reduction70,640 BTU/hr

Reduces Chiller Size5.9 Tons$5,900

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

kBTU

's

Hour of Day

August Day Ventilation Cooling Load

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Fan Energy

Reduced Ventilation Air36,000 CFM 5,110 CFM

Yearly Savings36, 130 kWh$2,890

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

kWh x 00

0Yearly Fan Energy

Original Redesign15730 kWh51860 kWh

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Total Yearly Savings

$4,100 ($0.08/SF)$143,300 added cost ($2.83/SF)35 year payback

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Lighting Redesign

Open Office Spaces

Original

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Lighting Redesign

Open Office Spaces

Suspended Pendants1.02 W/SF

Original

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Illumination from cubicle

Task LightingSpace and Floor

Tambient Lighting

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Illumination from cubicle

Task LightingSpace and Floor

Task and UplightsUplights

Tambient Lighting

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

AGI analysis

5 footcandles on floor30 footcandles on work plane

Add 3W task lights

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

AGI analysis

.50 W/SFHalf original load

Good Ceiling Distribution

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Multiple Energy Savings

Lighting Electricity$3,109/yr

Cooling Load$506/yr

Reduced Chiller Size$3400

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Adjusted Payback

35 years 18.1 years

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Construction Phasing

33% Unfinished Office Space

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS


Large Costs ReduceRadiant PanelsPiping

Savings UpfrontAHUChiller

$0

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

$250,000

$300,000

$350,000

$400,000

Original

Diffusers

Chiller Reduction

FTU

Enthalpy Wheel

AHU

Ductwork

Piping

Radiant Panels

Redesign

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS


Greatly Reduced First Cost$139,900 $66,100 ($1.31/SF)

Slightly Reduced Savings$7,715 $5,170 ($0.10/SF)

Payback12.8 years

$0

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

$250,000

$300,000

$350,000

$400,000

Original

Diffusers

Chiller Reduction

FTU

Enthalpy Wheel

Series3

Series2

Series1

Radiant Panels

Redesign

AHUDuctworkPiping

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions

SustainabilityReduced Energy Usage: 1.91 kWh/SF/yr

ComfortBetter VentilationBetter Humidity Control

EconomyReasonable Payback: 12.8 years

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

EXISTING CONDITIONS

MECHANICAL REDESIGN


LIGHTING REDESIGN

CONCLUSIONS

Acknowledgements

Thanks to:Sponsor: McKinstry

Jon, Tom, Aaron, Erik, Phil, Bev

Penn State FacultyProfessor Srebric and Freihaut

Friends and FamilyBrad Sisenwain, Kanis Glaewketgarn – LightingHalina, Wojtek, Matt, Chris

mckinstry oregon headquarters�portland orOVERVIEWDesign ObjectivesBuilding OverviewWaterside MechanicalVariable Air VolumeMechanical RedesignDedicated Outdoor Air SystemCentral Plant ConsiderationsCentral Plant ConsiderationsCentral Plant ConsiderationsDOAS - ComfortDOAS - CostsPipingPipingRadiant PanelsRadiant PanelsAir Side SystemFirst Cost AnalysisVentilation Load Energy SavingsVentilation Load Energy SavingsVentilation Load Energy SavingsVentilation Load Energy SavingsFan EnergyTotal Yearly SavingsLighting RedesignLighting RedesignTambient LightingTambient LightingAGI analysisAGI analysisMultiple Energy SavingsAdjusted PaybackConstruction PhasingConstruction PhasingConstruction PhasingConclusionsAcknowledgementsQUESTIONS?

alex wyczalkowski mechanical option senior thesis presentation€¦ · senior thesis presentation....

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