alaska grade level expectations

correlated to

AlaskaGrade LevelExpectationsGrade 8

CONTENTS

Alaska Grade Level Expectations, Grade 8

REVERSE CORRELATION TO: McDougal Littell Math, Course 3 ©2007…………………………...1 STANDARDS KEY: Alaska Grade Level Expectations…………………...……………..22

Alaska Grade Level Expectations

Grade 8

correlated to

McDougal Littell Math, Course 3 ©2007

CHAPTER 1

Variables and Equations (pp. 1–53)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener p. 1

Getting Ready Review Prerequisite Skills p. 2

1.1 Interpreting Graphs pp. 3-7 [8] S&P-1, [8] PS-5

1.2 Order of Operations pp. 8-12 [8] N-8, [8] S&P-1, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3, [8] PS-5

1.3 Variables and Expressions pp. 13-18 [8] N-8, [8] E&C-1, [8] F&R-5, [8] PS-3

1.4 Powers and Exponents pp. 19-25 [8] N-8, [8] PS-1, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3, [8] PS-5

1.5 Equations and Solutions pp. 26-30 [8] F&R-5, [8] PS-1

Investigation p. 31 [8] N-8

1.6 Variables in Familiar Formulas pp. 32-36 [8] E&C-1, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3

1.7 A Problem Solving Plan pp. 37-44 [8] N-8, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3, [8] PS-5

1

Alaska Grade Level Expectations: Grade 8 correlated to McDougal Littell Math, Course 3 ©2007

CHAPTER 1 Variables and Equations

(pp. 1–53)


Grade 8

Chapter Review pp. 45-48 [8] N-8, [8] PS-5

Chapter Test p. 49 [8] N-8, [8] S&P-1

Standardized Test Preparation pp. 50-51

Standardized Test Practice pp. 52-53 [8] N-1, [8] N-8

2


CHAPTER 2 Integer Operations

(pp. 54–111)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 54-55 [8] N-1, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3


[8] N-1, [8] N-8, [8] PS-5

2.1 Integers and Absolute Value pp. 57-61 [8] N-6, [8] N-7, [8] E&C-2, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3

Investigation p. 62 [8] N-1, [8] E&C-2, [8] PS-5

2.2 Adding Integers pp. 63-67 [8] N-6, [8] E&C-2, [8] F&R-1, [8] PS-4

2.3 Subtracting Integers pp. 68-72 [8] N-6, [8] E&C-2, [8] PS-1, [8] PS-5

2.4 Multiplying Integers pp. 73-76 [8] N-6, [8] E&C-2, [8] S&P-3, [8] PS-5

2.5 Dividing Integers pp. 77-82 [8] N-1, [8] E&C-2, [8] S&P-3, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3, [8] PS-4

2.6 Number Properties pp. 83-87 [8] N-10, [8] E&C-2, [8] S&P-3, [8] PS-1, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3, [8] PS-4, [8] PS-5

2.7 The Distributive Property pp. 88-93 [8] N-1, [8] N-8, [8] N-10, [8] E&C-2, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3, [8] PS-4

3


CHAPTER 2 Integer Operations

(pp. 54–111)


Grade 8

2.8 The Coordinate Plane pp. 94-101 [8] N-1, [8] N-8, [8] E&C-1, [8] E&C-2, [8] S&P-3, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3, [8] PS-4

Chapter Review pp. 102-106 [8] N-8, [8] PS-5

Chapter Test p. 107

Standardized Test Preparation pp. 108-109 [8] N-7

Standardized Test Practice pp. 110-111 [8] N-7

4


CHAPTER 3 Solving Equations and Inequalities

(pp. 112-171)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 112-113 [8] N-7


[8] N-7

Investigation pp. 115-116 [8] N-7

3.1 Solving Equations Using Addition or Subtraction pp. 117-121

[8] F&R-6, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3

3.2 Solving Equations Using Multiplication or Division pp. 122-126

[8] F&R-5, [8] F&R-6, [8] PS-1

Investigation pp. 127-128 [8] F&R-5, [8] F&R-6

3.3 Solving Two-Step Equations pp. 129-133 [8] F&R-5, [8] F&R-6, [8] PS-1

3.4 Writing Two-Step Equations pp. 134-141 [8] N-8, [8] E&C-1, [8] F&R-6, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3

3.5 Applying Geometric Formulas pp. 142-147 [8] N-8, [8] PS-3

3.6 Solving Inequalities Using Addition or Subtraction pp 148-153

[8] N-7, [8] F&R-6, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3

3.7 Solving Inequalities Using Multiplication or Division pp 154-160

[8] N-8, [8] E&C-1, [8] F&R-5, [8] F&R-6, [8] PS-5

5


CHAPTER 3 Solving Equations and Inequalities

(pp. 112-171)


Grade 8

Chapter Review pp. 161-164 [8] N-8, [8] F&R-6, [8] PS-5

Chapter Test p. 165

Standardized Test Preparation pp. 166-167 [8] F&R-6

Standardized Test Practice pp. 168-169 [8] N-5, [8] N-9

Cumulative Review pp. 170-171 [8] N-5, [8] N-9

6


CHAPTER 4 Factors, Fractions and Exponents

(pp. 172-229)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 172-173 [8] PS-1


Investigation p. 175 [8] N-5, [8] N-9, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3

4.1 Factors and Prime Factorization pp. 176-180 [8] N-5, [8] G-10, [8] PS-5

4.2 Greatest Common Factor pp. 181-185 [8] N-5, [8] G-10, [8] PS-1

Investigation p. 186

4.3 Simplifying Fractions pp. 187-191 [8] N-5, [8] N-9, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3

4.4 Least Common Multiple pp. 192-197 [8] N-5

4.5 Comparing Fractions and Mixed Numbers pp. 198-201

[8] N-5, [8] N-8, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3, [8] PS-5

4.6 Rules of Exponents pp. 202-207 [8] N-2, [8] N-5, [8] E&C-2, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3

4.7 Negative and Zero Exponents pp. 208-211 [8] N-2, [8] N-5, [8] E&C-2, [8] PS-5

4.8 Scientific Notation pp. 212-219 [8] N-2, [8] N-5, [8] N-9, [8] E&C-2, [8] PS-5

7


CHAPTER 4 Factors, Fractions and Exponents

(pp. 172-229)


Grade 8

Chapter Review pp. 220-224 [8] E&C-2, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3, [8] PS-5

Chapter Test p. 225 [8] E&C-2

Standardized Test Preparation pp. 226-227 [8] E&C-2

Standardized Test Practice pp. 228-229 [8] PS-1, [8] PS-5

8


CHAPTER 5 Rational Number Operations

(pp. 230-289)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 230-231 [8] N-6, [8] E&C-2


[8] E&C-2

5.1 Fractions with Common Denominators pp. 233-237

[8] N-5, [8] N-6, [8] N-7, [8] E&C-1, [8] E&C-2, [8] PS-5

5.2 Fractions with Different Denominators pp. 238-242

[8] N-4, [8] N-5, [8] E&C-2, [8] E&C-4

5.3 Multiplying Fractions pp. 243-246 [8] N-1, [8] N-4, [8] E&C-4, [8] PS-1, [8] PS-5

5.4 Dividing Fractions pp. 247-254 [8] N-1, [8] N-2, [8] N-5, [8] E&C-1, [8] E&C-2, [8] PS-5

5.5 Fractions and Decimals pp. 255-259 [8] S&P-3

5.6 Adding and Subtracting Decimals pp. 260-264 [8] N-1, [8] N-4, [8] E&C-4, [8] F&R-6, [8] S&P-3

5.7 Multiplying and Dividing Decimals pp. 265-269 [8] N-1, [8] N-4, [8] E&C-4, [8] S&P-3, [8] PS-5

Investigation pp. 270-271 [8] F&R-6

5.8 Mean, Median and Mode pp. 272-279 [8] N-2, [8] F&R-6, [8] S&P-3, [8] PS-1

9


CHAPTER 5 Rational Number Operations

(pp. 230-289)


Grade 8

Chapter Review pp. 280-284 [8] E&C-1, [8] F&R-6

Chapter Test p. 285 [8] F&R-6

Standardized Test Preparation pp. 286-287 [8] F&R-6

Standardized Test Practice pp. 288-289 [8] E&C-1, [8] G-8

10


CHAPTER 6 Multi-Step Equations and Inequalities

(pp. 290-339)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 290-291 [8] E&C-1, [8] G-8, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3


[8] E&C-1, [8] G-8, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3

6.1 Solving Multi-Step Equations pp. 293-297 [8] E&C-1, [8] F&R-3, [8] G-8, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3

6.2 Solving Equations with Variables on Both Sides pp. 298-302

[8] F&R-5, [8] S&P-3, [8] PS-1, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3, [8] PS-4

6.3 Solving Equations Involving Fractions and Decimals pp. 303-309

[8] N-5, [8] N-8, [8] F&R-5, [8] G-8, [8] PS-2, [8] PS-3

Investigation pp. 310-311 [8] F&R-5, [8] G-8, [8] PS-5

6.4 Solving Equations Involving Circumference pp. 312-317

[8] E&C-5

6.5 Solving Multi-Step Inequalities pp. 318-323 [8] E&C-5, [8] G-8

6.6 Problem Solving and Inequalities pp. 324-330 [8] N-6, [8] MEA-2, [8] E&C-3, [8] E&C-5, [8] F&R-5, [8] PS-3, [8] PS-5

11


CHAPTER 6 Multi-Step Equations and Inequalities

(pp. 290-339)


Grade 8

Chapter Review pp. 331-334 [8] N-4, [8] E&C-4

Chapter Test p. 335 [8] N-4, [8] E&C-4, [8] F&R-5, [8] PS-1

Standardized Test Preparation pp. 336-337 [8] N-4, [8] E&C-3, [8] E&C-4, [8] E&C-5

Standardized Test Practice pp. 338-339 [8] E&C-3

12


CHAPTER 7 Ratio, Proportion and Percent

(pp. 340-399)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 340-341 [8] E&C-3, [8] PS-5


[8] E&C-3

7.1 Ratios and Rates pp. 343-346 [8] E&C-1, [8] E&C-3

Investigation p. 347 [8] N-6, [8] E&C-3

7.2 Writing and Solving Proportions pp. 348-353 [8] N-6, [8] E&C-3, [8] S&P-4, [8] PS-1

7.3 Solving Percent Problems pp. 354-358 [8] E&C-2, [8] E&C-3, [8] S&P-4

7.4 Fractions, Decimals and Percents pp. 359-365 [8] N-4, [8] MEA-2, [8] E&C-3, [8] E&C-4, [8] E&C-5, [8] S&P-4

7.5 Percent of Change pp. 366-369 [8] N-1, [8] N-2, [8] E&C-3, [8] G-8, [8] S&P-4

7.6 Percent Applications pp. 370-374 [8] E&C-3, [8] E&C-5, [8] G-8, [8] G-10, [8] S&P-4

7.7 Using the Percent Equation pp. 375-380 [8] N-4, [8] E&C-4, [8] G-10, [8] PS-3

7.8 Simple Probability pp. 381-387 [8] E&C-3, [8] G-10, [8] PS-5

13


CHAPTER 7 Ratio, Proportion and Percent

(pp. 340-399)


Grade 8

Chapter Review pp. 388-392 [8] PS-4

Chapter Test p. 393 [8] N-4, [8] E&C-3, [8] E&C-4


Standardized Test Practice pp. 396-397 [8] G-10

Cumulative Review pp. 398-399

14


CHAPTER 8 Polygons and Transformations

(pp. 400-465)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 400-401 [8] E&C-3


[8] PS-1

8.1 Angle Pairs pp. 403-410 [8] E&C-3, [8] G-1, [8] G-5, [8] PS-1, [8] PS-5

8.2 Angles and Triangles pp. 411-415 [8] E&C-5, [8] G-5, [8] S&P-3

8.3 Quadrilaterals pp. 416-419 [8] G-4, [8] G-5

8.4 Polygons and Angles pp. 420-425 [8] E&C-3, [8] G-4, [8] G-5, [8] PS-1, [8] PS-5

Investigation p. 426 [8] G-4, [8] G-5

8.5 Congruent Polygons pp. 427-432 [8] G-5

8.6 Reflections and Symmetry pp. 433-438 [8] N-1, [8] PS-1

8.7 Translations and Rotations pp. 439-446 [8] N-1, [8] G-5, [8] PS-4, [8] PS-5

8.8 Similarity and Dilations pp. 447-455 [8] N-1, [8] G-5, [8] PS-1, [8] PS-5

Chapter Review pp. 456-460 [8] E&C-5

Chapter Test p. 461 [8] G-10

Standardized Test Preparation pp. 462-463 [8] E&C-5, [8] G-10

Standardized Test Practice pp. 464-465 [8] E&C-5

15


CHAPTER 9 Real Numbers and Right Triangles

(pp. 466-517)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 466-467 [8] E&C-5


[8] E&C-5, [8] G-5

9.1 Square Roots pp. 469-474 [8] N-1, [8] E&C-5

9.2 Rational and Irrational Numbers pp. 475-480 [8] N-1, [8] E&C-5

Investigation p. 481

9.3 The Pythagorean Theorem pp. 482-486 [8] E&C-1, [8] F&R-3, [8] G-1, [8] G-8, [8] PS-5

9.4 Using the Pythagorean Theorem pp. 487-492 [8] E&C-1, [8] F&R-3, [8] G-2, [8] G-8, [8] PS-1

9.5 Special Right Triangles pp. 493-497 [8] G-2, [8] G-8, [8] G-10

Investigation pp. 498-499 [8] G-8

9.6 Using Trigonometric Ratios pp. 500-508 [8] G-3, [8] G-7, [8] G-8, [8] G-10, [8] PS-1

Chapter Review pp. 509-512 [8] G-3, [8] G-6, [8] G-8, [8] G-10

Chapter Test p. 513 [8] G-6

Standardized Test Preparation pp. 514-515 [8] G-6, [8] G-8

Standardized Test Practice pp. 516-517 [8] F&R-3, [8] G-6, [8] G-7, [8] G-8

16


CHAPTER 10 Measurement, Area and Volume

(pp. 518-579)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 518-519 [8] G-3, [8] G-6, [8] PS-5


[8] G-8

10.1 Areas of Parallelograms and Trapezoids pp. 521-526

[8] F&R-3, [8] G-3, [8] G-6, [8] G-7, [8] G-8, [8] G-10

10.2 Areas of Circles pp. 527-533 [8] G-2, [8] G-3, [8] G-4, [8] G-6, [8] G-7, [8] G-8, [8] G-10

10.3 Three-Dimensional Figures pp. 534-541 [8] N-1, [8] G-2, [8] G-5, [8] G-6, [8] G-7, [8] PS-5

10.4 Surface Areas of Prisms and Cylinders pp. 542-547

[8] F&R-1, [8] G-7, [8] G-9, [8] S&P-1, [8] S&P-2, [8] PS-5

10.5 Surface Areas of Pyramids and Cones pp. 548-552

[8] E&C-1, [8] F&R-1, [8] F&R-2, [8] F&R-4, [8] G-3, [8] G-10, [8] S&P-1, [8] S&P-2

Investigation p. 553 [8] F&R-1, [8] F&R-2, [8] G-8

10.6 Volumes of Prisms and Cylinders pp. 554-559 [8] F&R-1, [8] F&R-2, [8] G-9, [8] PS-1, [8] PS-5

Investigation p. 560 [8] F&R-1, [8] F&R-2, [8] G-9

10.7 Volumes of Pyramids and Cones pp. 561-568 [8] F&R-1, [8] F&R-2, [8] F&R-4, [8] G-9

17


CHAPTER 10 Measurement, Area and Volume

(pp. 518-579)


Grade 8

Chapter Review pp. 569-572

Chapter Test p. 573

Standardized Test Preparation pp. 574-575 [8] F&R-1, [8] F&R-2, [8] G-9

Standardized Test Practice pp. 576-577

Cumulative Review pp. 578-579 [8] G-9

18


CHAPTER 11 Linear Equations and Graphs

(pp. 580-645)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 580-581 [8] G-9


[8] E&C-1

11.1 Relations and Functions pp. 583-587 [8] G-9

11.2 Scatter Plots pp. 588-592 [8] F&R-1, [8] F&R-2, [8] G-9, [8] S&P-1, [8] S&P-2

11.3 Equations in Two Variables pp. 593-597 [8] F&R-1, [8] F&R-2, [8] S&P-2, [8] PS-5

11.4 Graphs of Linear Equations pp. 598-605 [8] G-10, [8] S&P-1, [8] S&P-2

11.5 Using Intercepts pp. 606-609 [8] G-10, [8] S&P-1, [8] S&P-2

Investigation pp. 610-611 [8] S&P-1

11.6 Slope pp. 612-619 [8] S&P-1, [8] S&P-2, [8] S&P-5, [8] PS-1

Investigation pp. 620-621 [8] S&P-5

11.7 Slope-Intercept Form pp. 622-628 [8] S&P-5

11.8 Graphs of Linear Inequalities pp. 629-635 [8] S&P-4, [8] S&P-5, [8] PS-1

Chapter Review pp. 636-640 [8] S&P-4, [8] S&P-6

Chapter Test p. 641

Standardized Test Preparation pp. 642-643 [8] S&P-2


19


CHAPTER 12 Data Analysis and Probability

(pp. 646-713)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 646-677 [8] S&P-5


[8] S&P-1, [8] S&P-2

12.1 Stem-and-Leaf Plots pp. 649-653 [8] S&P-2, [8] S&P-5, [8] PS-5

12.2 Box-and-Whisker Plots pp. 654-658 [8] N-5

12.3 Using Data Displays pp. 659-669 [8] N-5, [8] G-6, [8] PS-5

12.4 Counting Methods pp. 670-674 [8] N-5, [8] E&C-1

12.5 Permutations pp. 675-679 [8] G-6, [8] PS-1

12.6 Combinations pp. 680-684 [8] PS-1

12.7 Probability and Odds pp. 685-691 [8] N-5

Investigation pp. 692-693

12.8 Independent and Dependent Events pp. 694-703

[8] N-1, [8] N-4, [8] N-5, [8] E&C-4, [8] G-5, [8] G-6, [8] G-7, [8] S&P-2, [8] S&P-5

Chapter Review pp. 704-708 [8] N-3

Chapter Test p. 709

Standardized Test Preparation pp. 710-711 [8] E&C-1


20


CHAPTER 13 Polynomials and Functions

(714-757)


Grade 8

Chapter Opener pp. 714-715


[8] E&C-1

13.1 Polynomials pp. 717-720

13.2 Adding and Subtracting Polynomials pp. 721-725

[8] G-10

13.3 Monomials and Powers pp. 726-732 [8] N-1, [8] N-2, [8] N-4, [8] N-5, [8] N-8, [8] N-9, [8] N-10, [8] E&C-4, [8] F&R-5, [8] S&P-1, [8] S&P-3, [8] PS-4

Investigation p. 733 [8] N-4, [8] E&C-4

13.4 Multiplying Binomials pp. 734-738 [8] N-1, [8] G-3, [8] G-5, [8] G-6, [8] G-7, [8] G-10, [8] S&P-1, [8] S&P-2, [8] S&P-5, [8] PS-5

13.5 Nonlinear Functions pp. 739-747 [8] N-4, [8] N-5, [8] E&C-4

Chapter Review pp. 748-750

Chapter Test p. 751



Cumulative Review pp. 756-757

21


Mathematics, Grade 8 UNDERSTANDING NUMBERS The student demonstrates understanding of real numbers by

[8] N-1 ordering real numbers (M1.3.1)

[8] N-2 distinguishing between a whole number in scientific notation and real numbers in standard form (M1.3.1)

[8] N-3 converting between expanded notation (multiples of ten with exponents) and standard

form (M1.3.3) of rational numbers (fractions, decimals, or percents including integers) by

[8] N-4 identifying, describing, or illustrating equivalent representations (M1.3.4, M3.3.5)

[8] N-5 expressing products of numbers using exponents (M1.3.1, M1.3.3) UNDERSTANDING MEANING OF OPERATIONS The student demonstrates conceptual understanding of mathematical operations by

[8] N-6 using models, explanations, number lines, real-life situations, describing or illustrating the effects of arithmetic operations on rational numbers (percents) (M1.2.3)

[8] N-7 using models, explanations, number lines, real-life situations, describing or illustrating

the use of inverse operations (addition/subtraction or multiplication/division) (M1.2.3) NUMBER THEORY The student demonstrates conceptual understanding of number theory by

[8] N-8 applying the rules for order of operations to rational numbers (M1.3.5)

[8] N-9 identifying or writing the prime factorization of a number using exponents (M1.3.5)

[8] N-10 [using distributive property with real numbers L] (M1.3.6)

Those GLEs or portions of GLEs contained in brackets with an “L” are local. They are for local assessment and will not be on a state assessment.

22

MEASURABLE ATTRIBUTES The student demonstrates understanding of measurable attributes by

[8] MEA-1 converting measurements within the same system (English or metric) (M2.3.2) MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES The student uses measurement techniques by

[8] MEA-2 using scale drawings involving indirect measurement (determining the scale factor and applying it to find missing dimension) (M2.3.4)

[8] MEA-3 [modeling the conversion within the same system L] (M2.3.2)


23

ESTIMATION The student solves problems (including real-world situations) using estimation by

[8] E&C-1 [applying and assessing the appropriateness of a variety of estimation strategies L] (M3.3.1)

COMPUTATION The student accurately solves problems (including real-world situations) involving

[8] E&C-2 adding, subtracting, multiplying or dividing integers or positive rational numbers (M3.3.3, M3.3.4)

[8] E&C-3 percents and percentages (e.g., tax, discount) (M3.3.3, M3.3.4)

[8] E&C-4 converting between equivalent fractions, decimals, or percents (M3.3.5)

[8] E&C-5 ratio and proportion (M3.3.6)


24

DESCRIBING PATTERNS AND FUNCTIONS The student demonstrates conceptual understanding of functions, patterns, or sequences including those represented in real-world situations by

[8] F&R-1 describing or extending patterns (linear), up to the nth term, represented in, tables, sequences, graphs, or in problem situations (M4.3.1)

[8] F&R-2 generalizing relationships (linear) using a table of ordered pairs, a graph, or an equation

(M4.3.4)

[8] F&R-3 describing in words how a change in one variable in a formula affects the remaining variables (how changing the length affects the area of quadrilaterals or volume of a rectangular prism) (M4.3.2)

[8] F&R-4 [using a calculator as a tool when describing, extending or representing patterns L]

(M4.3.3) MODELING AND SOLVING EQUATIONS AND INEQUALITIES The student demonstrates algebraic thinking by

[8] F&R-5 translating a written phrase to an algebraic expression (M4.3.5)

[8] F&R-6 solving or identifying solutions to two-step linear equations of the form ax ± b =c, where a, b and c are rational numbers, and a ≠ 0, translating a story problem into an equation of similar form, or translating a story problem into an equation of similar form and solving it (M4.3.5)


25

GEOMETRIC RELATIONSHIPS The student demonstrates an understanding of geometric relationships by

[8] G-1 [using the attributes and properties of regular polygons to sketch regular or irregular polygons L] (M5.3.1)

[8] G-2 using the attributes and properties of solid figures (vertices, length and alignment of

edges, shape and number of bases) to identify and describe cylinders and cones (M5.3.2)

[8] G-3 using two–dimensional nets to create three–dimensional objects (prisms and cylinders)

(M5.3.2) TRANSFORMATION OF SHAPES The student demonstrates conceptual understanding of similarity, congruence, symmetry, or transformations of shapes by

[8] G-4 using proportionality to solve real–world problems involving similar shapes (e.g., two real-world objects casting shadows) (M5.3.3)

[8] G-5 identifying the results of applying transformations (translations, rotations, reflections,

dilations) to figures on a coordinate plane (M5.3.5) PERIMETER, AREA AND VOLUME The student solves problems (including real–world situations) by

[8] G-6 determining the volume of right triangular prisms or cylinders (M5.3.4)

[8] G-7 determining the surface area of cylinders or triangular prisms (M5.3.4)

[8] G-8 determining the circumference and area of a circle (M5.3.4) POSITION AND DIRECTION The student demonstrates understanding of position and direction by

[8] G-9 graphing or identifying relationships of variables on a coordinate plane (e.g., length/width, area/diameter, cost/pound) (M5.3.6)

CONSTRUCTION The student demonstrates a conceptual understanding of geometric drawings or constructions by

[8] G-10 [drawing, measuring, or constructing geometric figures (polygons, perpendicular bisectors, or perpendicular or parallel lines) L] (M5.3.7)


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DATA DISPLAY The student demonstrates an ability to classify and organize data by

[8] S&P-1 [designing, collecting L], organizing, displaying, or explaining the classification of data in real-world problems (e.g., science or humanities, peers or community), using histograms, scatter plots, or box and whisker plots with appropriate scale [or with technology L] (M6.3.1)

ANALYSIS AND CENTRAL TENDENCY The student demonstrates an ability to analyze data (comparing, explaining, interpreting, evaluating, making predictions, or describing trends; or drawing, formulating, or justifying conclusions) by

[8] S&P-2 using information from a variety of displays or analyzing the validity of statistical conclusions found in the media (M6.3.2)

[8] S&P-3 determining or justifying a choice of range, mean, median, or mode as the best

representation of data for a practical situation (M6.3.3) PROBABILITY The student demonstrates a conceptual understanding of probability and counting techniques by

[8] S&P-4 determining or comparing the experimental and/or theoretical probability of simple events (M6.3.5)

[8] S&P-5 using a systematic approach to finding sample spaces or to making predictions about the

probability of independent events and using the information to solve real–world problems (M6.3.5)

[8] S&P-6 [designing and conducting a simulation to study a problem and communicate the results

L] (M6.3.6)


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PROBLEM SOLVING: Understand and be able to select and use a variety of problem–solving strategies

The student demonstrates an ability to problem solve by

[8] PS-1 selecting, modifying, and applying a variety of problem-solving strategies (e.g., inductive and deductive reasoning, Venn diagrams, making a simpler problem) and verifying the results (M7.3.2)

[8] PS-2 evaluating, interpreting, and justifying solutions to problems (M7.3.3)

COMMUNICATION: Form and use appropriate methods to define and explain mathematical

relationships The student communicates his or her mathematical thinking by

[8] PS-3 representing mathematical problems numerically, graphically, and/or symbolically, translating among these alternative representations; or using appropriate vocabulary, symbols, or technology to explain, justify and defend strategies and solutions (M8.3.1, M8.3.2, M8.3.3)

REASONING: Use logic and reason to solve mathematical problems The student demonstrates an ability to use logic and reason by

[8] PS-4 generalizing from patterns of observations (inductive reasoning) about mathematical problems and testing using a logical verification (deductive reasoning); or justifying and defending the validity of mathematical strategies and solutions using examples and counterexamples (M9.3.1, M9.3.2, M9.3.3)

CONNECTIONS: Apply mathematical concepts and processes to situations within and outside of

school The student understands and applies mathematical skills and processes across the content strands by

[8] PS-5 using real-world contexts such as science, humanities, peers, community, and careers (M10.3.1, M10.4.2)


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AK 373/2007

2007 CC2

alaska grade level expectations

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