1. METHODS USED TO REDUCE AIR POLLUTION

2. HAHAHA I HAVE NO IDEA!!!!! Howd you get up there?!?! 3. Catalytic Converter

Installed into vehicles

Contains a catalyst: platinum, rhodium or palladium expensive

Oxidises CO to CO 2

Reduces NO to N 2

Oxidise HydrocarbonsCO 2and H 2 O

4. Thermal Exhaust Reactor

Unburnt Hydrocarbon gases and CO

Mixed with excess O 2

2CO (g) + O 2(g)2CO 2(g)

Unburnt Hydrocarbons are also combusted

Forming CO 2and H 2 O

5. Lean Burn Engines

Modifies air : fuel ratio to 18 : 1

Minimizes production of pollutants

Low concentrations of CO 2 , C x H Y , NO x

High ratio: Low CO 2and C x H yconc., but High NO xconc.

Low ratio: High CO 2and C x H yconc., but Low NO xconc.

6. Limestone Fluidized Beds

Removes Sulfur Dioxide gas produced in combustion before release into atmosphere

Limestone is heated to form Calcium Oxide (CaCO 3+ heatCaO + CO 2 )

SO 2is removed:

CaO + SO 2 CaSO 3

2CaO + 2SO 2+ O 2 2CaSO 4

7. Wet alkaline scrubber

Uses an alkaline liquid (e.g. Ca(OH) 2 )

Ca(OH) 2+ SO 2 CaSO 3+ H 2 O

Limestone converts SO 2to CaSO 3and CO 2

CaCO 3+ SO 2 CaSO 3+ CO 2

Problems: large amounts of CaCO 3required, CaSO 3deposits on scrubber, CO 2(greenhouse gas) is produced instead

8. Reducing SO x

High sulfur coalSynthetic Natural Gas (SNG)

Use low sulfur, cleaner coal such as anthracite

Removal of sulfur from petroleum by reacting with hydrogen gas in presence of catalyst

Desulfurize high sulfur coal

9. Reducing Particulates

Electrostatic precipitator

Removes tiny particles in the air

High voltage is applied

Plates are +vely charged

Ionize gas molecules

GG + + e -

Gas molecules collected on plates

Removes more than 98% of all matter in air

10.