air pollution and the clean air- ppa envi. managment seminar (aug. 14, 2013)

8/13/2019 Air Pollution and the Clean Air- PPA Envi. Managment Seminar (Aug. 14, 2013)

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Air Pollution and the

Philippine Clean Air Act of

1999(R.A. 8749)

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT BUREAU -10

Presented during the Environmental Seminar of the Philippine Ports Authority- Port

Management Office- Cagayan de Oro City on August 14, , 2013 at GAD Hall PPA- PMO

CdeO


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The PhilippineClean Air Act of1999 RA 8749)

Presented during the Orientation on the Rules and Procedures of the Pollution

Adjudication Board (PAB) held at Apple Tree Resort and Hotel on November 7-8, 2013


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3

Roughly

78% Nitrogen21% Oxygen

1%Argon

other trace gases


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Types of Air Pollutants

a) PrimaryThose emitted direct ly

f rom the source

- particulates,

n i t rogen oxide

- carbon

monoxide,

- su lfur d iox ide,

- lead

b) SecondaryThose produced in the air

by interaction betweentwo or more primary

pollutants withor without sunlight

- nitrogendioxide

- sulfuric Acid

- ozone

5

Metro Manila


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6

Sources of Air Pollution

STATIONARY SOURCE:

Industrial Facilities

MOBILE SOURCE:Vehicles AREA SOURCE: Open burning


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Mobile Sources: Transport

Major contributor to air pollution


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Damage to Health

Effects of Air Pollution


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Damage to Material

Damage to Plants

Damage to AquaticLife

Effects of Air Pollution


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Or the PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT OF

1999 is a comprehensive policy and

program for air quality management in

the country. It aims to achieve andmaintain healthy air for all Filipinos.


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an a es o genc es nImplementing the Clean Air

ActDENR - Primary agency responsible inthe implementation of the Clean Air Act

Environmental Management

Bureau prevention and control of stationarysources of pollution (industrial pollution control)

DOTC - Land Transportation Office prevention and control of mobile sources of

pollution (apprehension and test ofmotor vehicles)

LGUsimplementation on ban on smoking inpublic places, open burning, anti-smoke belchingcampaign, abatement of nuisance, public information)


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Mandates of Agencies in

Implementing the Clean Air Act

DTI grant of incentives forenvironmental compliance, accreditation

of private emission testing centerDOST development of new air

pollution control technologies

DOEsetting of fuel quality standards


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ir Quality MonitoringWhy Monitor?

To assess the air quality of the

surrounding environment To check compliance with National

Emission Standards

To check compliance with NationalAmbient Air Standards and National Air

Quality Guideline Values

C i E i i M i i


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Continuous Emission Monitoring

System (CEMS)& Manual Ambient

Monitoring

Parameters

Particulate Matter

Opacity

Sulfur Dioxide

Nitrogen Oxide

Carbon Monoxide

Tri-gas sampler for

gaseous pollutants

Hi Volume Sampler

for TSP and PM-10


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Air Quality Standards (Ambient Air)


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IMPROVEMENT OF FUEL COMPOSITION

FOR INCREASED EFFICIENCY AND

REDUCED EMISSIONS

1. Improvement in theQuality of Fuel

- Reduction ofBENZENE (from 4 to2%) and aromatic

hydrocarbonin gasoline(from 45 to 35%)

- Reduction of SULFURcontent in diesel fuel(from 0.2 to 0.05%)


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3. Use of Alternative

Fuels Compressed natural gas

(CNG) Liquefied Petroleum Gas

(LPG)

COCOMETHYL ESTER

(CME) or cocodiesel or bio-diesel (presently 2%

volume)

BIO-ETHANOL blend for

gasoline (presently at 5%

IMPROVEMENT OF FUEL COMPOSITION FOR

INCREASED EFFICIENCY AND

REDUCED EMISSONS

2. Phase Out ofLeaded Gasoline


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1. Standards for New

and In-Use Motor

Vehicles inc lud ing rebui l tand second hand vehic les

(DAO 2003-51)

For gasoline-fed engines

initially registered on or before

December 31, 2002, CO

emiss ion up to 4.5% and HC

emission up to 800 ppm

For gasoline-fed engines

initially registered after January 1,

2003, CO em issio n up to 3.5%

and HC up to 600 ppm

For d iesel engines , 2.5 m -1

l ight abso rpt ion co eff ic ient

PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION

FROM MOBILE SOURCES

2. Standards formotorcyclesEmission standards for

hydrocarbons for in-use

motorcycles (HC up to 7800

ppm for motorc ycles operating

in u rban areas, HC up to 10000

ppm in ru ral areas)

Cert i f icates o f Confo rm ity to

manufacturers/assemblers orimpor ters

Cert i f icates for Emiss ion Test

Equipm ent Used in Private

Emiss ion Test ing Centers


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Designation ofAirsheds- 14 airsheds

designated

throughout thecountry

Management by anAirshed

Governing Boardcomposed ofGO,LGU,NGO, PO,and private sectorrepresentatives

AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

METRO CAGAYAN DE ORO AIRSHED: Jasaan,

Villanueva, Tagoloan, Cagayan de Oro City, Opol, ElSalvador City


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Establishment ofAir QualityMonitoring

Stations

(CdeO, IliganCity, Mis. Occ.

Bukidnon) Criteria Pollutants: SOX,

NOX, PM, ozone

Non-criteria Pollutants:

benzene, toluene, xylene

Cagayan de Oro Telemetry Air

Monitoring Station at XavierUniversity

AIR QUALITY

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM


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Continuous Emission

Monitoring Systems

(CEMS)- installed in 8 power plants, 2

cement plants, and 2 petrochemical plants

Ban on Incineration(including hospital waste)

Third party EmissionTesting as requirement forrenewal of permit

PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF

POLLUTION FROM STATIONARY

SOURCES


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PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF

POLLUTION FROM STATIONARY

SOURCES Sets Emission Standards

and Ambient Standards

Imposes PhP100,000daily for non-compliance

with the standards

Without prejudice to the

immediate issuance ofEX-PARTE ORDER

IMPRISONMENTfor

offenders


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COMMON VIOLATIONS

OPERATING STATIONARY SOURCES

WITHOUT A VALID PERMIT TO OPERATE

FROM EMB PhP 10,000PhP 100,000 OR SIX

YEARS IMPRISONMENT OR BOTH BURNING OF MUNICIPAL WASTE, BURNING

OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND WASTES,

BURNING OF MUNICIPAL WASTES2 years and

one day to 4 years imprisonment


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Sharing of Responsibility with

LGUs Share in the management of air

quality in their respective area ofjurisdiction

Implement air quality standards setby the Governing Board

Establish an Environment andNatural Resources Office

Develop and implement ACTIONPLAN

Prepare and implement programs

and other measures, includingrelocation, whenever necessary to

protect public health and welfare ofthe residents

Perform such other powers and

functions


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1.Phase-out of ozone depleting substancesUNDER THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL

* 50% by 2005

* 85% by 2007

* 100% by 2010

CCO issued for ozone depleting substances(ODS)

Mandatory inspection for mobile air

conditioners (MAC) under the proposed MotorVehicle Inspection by LTO

Use of ozone friendly (alternative) refrigerant(R 134a)

Support to International Agreements,

Conventions, and Protocols

Ozone Layer Depletion in the

Antarctic Region


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Support to International

Agreements, Conventions,

Protocols2. Reduction and Elimination

of Persistent OrganicPollutants (POPS) under the

STOCKHOLM

CONVENTION

3. Inventory of GHGs andsupport to Clean

Development Mechanism

under the KYOTO

PROTOCOL


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What We Need To Maintain Clean Air?

According to the World Bank, we need at least PhP25B over the

next 10 years to maximize the reforms mandated under the Clean

Air Act

P150 M for intensive enforcement of industrial emissions

P200-millionfor outsourcing stack emission testing

P1- billion for upgrading an ambient air quality monitoring network

P2-billionfor converting to cleaner fuels

P2.5-billion for continuous monitoring system

P3-billionfor emission reduction through pollution abatementequipment

P8.6-billionfor a motor vehicle inspection system

Other programs including P40-billion for enhancing anti-smoke belching

program


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air pollution and the clean air- ppa envi. managment seminar (aug. 14, 2013)

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