AHSGE Review

Directions: Copy the following slides.

Standard 1

Select appropriate laboratory glassware, balances, time measuring equipment, and optical instruments to conduct an experiment.

Standard 1: Definitions

Scientific method: process for investigating and understanding the natural world

Control: the variables within an experiment that do not change.

Responding (dependent) variable: variable that is observed and that changes in response to the manipulated variable

Manipulated (independent) variable: the variable that is deliberately changed in an experiment

SI Units: version of the metric system used in science; International System of Units

Meters: SI unit for length Grams: SI unit for mass Liters: SI unit for volume Celsius: SI unit for temperature

Observation: process of gathering information using the senses

Data: information gathered from observations Inference: conclusion drawn from experiences

and prior knowledge Hypothesis: proposed scientific explanation for a

set of observations; educated guess Theory: well-tested explanation for an

observation

Identify the following equipment

Parts of a microscope

Microscopes If the ocular lens of a

compound microscope is labeled 10X and the objective lens being used is labeled 40X, what is the total magnification of the object being viewed?

An electron microscope creates images using streams of electrons. Rather than observing the image through lenses, the EM sees images on a screen. Why can’t EMs be used to look at live specimen?

Standard 1: Continued

Complete handouts and place in the “AHSGE Review” section of your notebook.Describing the steps of the scientific method. Identifiy the parts of an experiment

Complete the group activity dealing with lab procedures and symbols Identify laboratory procedures and symbols

Complete the overhead questions for SI units.Use appropriate SI units for measuring mass,

length, and volume.Convert SI units.

Standard 1 Quiz

You have 15 minutes to complete the quiz. You may use your notes from the AHSGE

section of your NB. When you complete this quiz, turn it over

and complete the assignment on the board.

We will grade this in class.

Standard 2:

Look at the drawings of the plant and animal cells.

Create a chart to list the structures that plant cells have and animal cells do not.

Match the molecule with its function. Copy the molecule with the correct description.

Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic acids

Store and transmit genetic information

Main source of energy in living things

Regulate cell processes, build bone and muscle

Found in membranes and waterproof coverings

Standard 3

Identify the reactants and products associated with photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the purposes of these two processes.

Standard 3: Vocabulary

Chemical reaction: process by which chemical changes occur

Glucose: a sugar molecule that is a major energy source for most cells; produced by the process of photosynthesis

Chemical energy: energy that is stored in the chemical composition of matter

Photosynthesis: process by which green plants and other producers use simple compounds and energy from light to make sugar

Cellular respiration: process in which cells use oxygen to release energy stored in sugars

Chlorophyll: a light absorbing chemical, a pigment, that traps the energy in sunlight and converts it to chemical energy

FermentationFermentation: a chemical process by which cells release energy from sugar when no oxygen is present

Standard 3: Outline

All cells need energy.All cells use chemical energy.

Chemical energy is stored in the bonds between atoms.

A major source of energy is glucose.

Some cells capture light energy.

Chemical reactions take place inside cells. All cells are made of the same elements. About two-thirds of every cell is water. Large molecules support cell function.

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids Cells capture and release energy.

All cells need energy. Some cells capture light energy. All cells release energy.

Cellular respiration, fermentation, energy and exercise.

Standard 3:

Chemical reactions take place inside cells. Write whether each statement is true for animal cells, plant cells, or both. They need energy to sustain

life. They have organelles. They have cell walls.

Materials move across the cell’s membranes. Match the definitions to the terms.

Definitions Proteins, lipids, and

carbohydrates Lipid layers that repel water Source of chemical energy

Terms Cell membrane Glucose Large molecules

Standard 3

QuizStandard 3 notesStandards 1 and 2 review

Standard 4

Describe similarities and differences of cell organelles, using diagrams and tables. Identify scientists who contributed to the cell theory.

(Hooke, Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow, van Leeuwenhoek)

Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Identify various technologies used to observe cells.

(light microscope, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope)

Complete the work sheet using p. 59 in the textbook.

Match the definition with the correct term. Definitions:

A cell with no nucleus A cell with a cell

membrane and a nucleus

A device used for viewing microorganisms

Terms Eukaryotic Prokaryotic Microscope Telescope

Standard 4

Identify cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems as levels of organization in the biosphere.Recognizing that cells differentiate to perform

specific functions: Ciliated cells to produce movement, nerve cells to

conduct electrical charges

Standard 5

Identify cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems as levels of organization in the biosphere.Recognizing that cells differentiate to perform

specific functions.

Standard 6

Describe the roles of mitotic and meiotic divisions during reproduction, growth, and repair of cells.Comparing sperm and egg formation in terms

of ploidy (Example: ploidy– haploid, diploid)Comparing sexual and asexual reproduction

Vocabulary

Standard 7

Apply Mendel’s law to determine phenotypic and genotypic probabilities of offspring.

Standard 8

Identify the structure and function of DNA, RNA, and protein.