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TASK FORCE REPORT

AGRICULTURE CHALLENGES

AND WAY FORWARD (Submitted to NITI Aayog)

GOVERNMENT OF TELANGANA

AGRICULTURE & COOPERATION DEPARTMENT

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INDEX

Sl. No. Content Page Nos

1 Introduction 1

2 Areas requiring new initiatives 3

2.1 Water development 4

2.3 Sustainable Diversification 5

2.4 Seed 6

2..4.1 Horticulture 12

2.5 Livestock 15

3 Continuing Issues Requiring Greater Attention 19

3.1 Fertilizer subsidy, soil fertility and fertilizer use 19

3.3 Research & Extension 21

3.5 Credit & Finance 26

3.6 Agricultural Marketing & Trade 27

3.9 Crop Insurance 32

3.10 Farm Mechanization 34

4 Convergence of Schemes and Programmes – Line Departments

4.1 Cooperation 35

4.2. Fisheries 39

4.3. Sericulture 41

5 Financial requirements from 2015-16 to 2018-19 44

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GOVERNMENT OF TELANGANA

AGRICULTURE & COOPERATION DEPARTMENT

TASK FORCE REPORT

AGRICULTURE CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD ***

1. INTRODUCTION:

Agriculture is the main occupation of population. The share of GSDP in 2013-14 is 13.86

percent at constant prices (2004-105). The percentage of agricultural workers (2011 census) is 55.7

percent as against 54.6 % at all India level. The share of GSDP of Agriculture& allied sectors which

was 18.2 % in 2006-07 has come down to 13.86 %. Rice is the major food crop and staple food of the

state. Other important crops are Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Ragi, small millets, Pulses, Tobacco, Cotton

and Sugarcane. Telangana is a predominant player in cotton, paddy, and maize, with a total Kharif

normal area of 53.77 lakh hectares. Telangana farmers grow cotton in about 12.17 lakh hectares

(normal). The other major crop which virtually dominates is maize with a normal area of 5.75 lakh ha.

The State of Telangana is endowed with immense natural resources. The total Geographical

area is 114.84 lakh ha with a Gross Cropped Area of 56.90 lakh ha. The details of Cropped Area, Net

Cropped Area etc. given below:

(2013-14)

Sl. No Category Area

(in lakh ha) Percentage

1 Total Geographical Area 114.84 100

2 Forest 27.43 23.89

3 Barren and Uncultivable Land 6.15 5.36

4 Land Put to Non-Agri. Uses

Water logged Area 0.06 0.05

Social Forestry 0.07 0.06

Land under Still Water 2.46 2.14

Others 6.36 5.54

Total Land put to Non-Agriculture Use (TLPNAU) 8.95 7.79

5 Culturable Waste 1.78 1.55

6 Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands 3.01 2.62

7 Land under Misc. Tree crops, Groves not included in Net Area Sown 1.14 0.99

8 Other Fallow Lands 7.17 6.24

9 Current Fallow Lands 9.6 8.36

10 Gross area sown 62.88 54.75

11 Net Area Sown* (including Fish Culture) 49.61 43.2

12 Area sown more than once 13.27 11.55

13 No. of Farm holdings ( Lakh Nos) 55.54 -

14 Average Farm Holding size (Ha) 1.12 -

15 Average Annual Rainfall (in mm) 906.8 -

16 Net Irrigated area 17.74 38.12

17 Gross Irrigated area 31.64 50.32

18 Cropping Intensity (%) - 127

19 Irrigation Intensity (%) - 138

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Rainfall and Climate:

The rainfall in Telangana is influenced by South-West & North – East monsoon. It receives a

normal rainfall of 906.8 mm in a year. The season wise breakup for the year 2013-14 is as follows:

2013-14

S. No Season Rainfall received (mm) Percentage

over normal Normal Actual

1 South – West Monsoon 715.10 851.50 119

2 North – East Monsoon 129.20 243.20 188

3 Winter Season 11.50 1.30 11

4 Hot Weather 50.80 116.20 229

Total 906.60 1212.20 134

The bulk of rainfall is received in south-west monsoon period i.e. 78.98 percent followed by

north-east monsoon with 13.26 percent and the balance is received during winter and hot weather.

The Climate is predominantly Semi –arid to arid in Telangana. The rainfall pattern is depicted in the

maps given below.

Annual Rainfall South-west Monsoon Rainfall

Normal Rainfall in mm

South – West Monsoon

North – East Monsoon

Winter Season

Hot Weather

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Agro Climatic Zones:

Based on climatic parameters i.e. Rainfall, Soils and cropping pattern etc. the state is divided

in to 4 Agro-climatic zones.

Sl. No.

Name of the zone

Districts Geographical area(sq.km)

No. of mandals

No. of Res. Stns

1 Northern Telangana Zone

Karimnagar, Nizamabad, Adilabad

35.5 144 6

2 Central Telangana Zone

Warangal, Khammam, Medak

30.6 132 7

3 Southern Telangana Zone

Mahabubnagar, Nalgonda, Rangareddy

39.3 164 6

4 High Altitude & Tribal Areas Zone

High Altitude & Tribal Areas of Khammam and Adilabad districts

4.66 13 3

110.06 453 22

Source: Department of Agriculture

Northern- Telangana Zone

Central-Telangana Zone

Southern-Telangana Zone

High Altitude Zone

AGRO CLIMATIC ZONES IN TELANGANA STATE

2. AREAS REQUIRING NEW INITIATIVES:

State’s Agricultural Vision:

Despite the constraints, it is inevitable to bring up the agricultural situation in the state to the

perceived level, duly harnessing the available agricultural potential and integrating with technology

and resources.

Keeping in view the future requirements of agricultural production, a vision for Telangana is

framed as given below.

• Soil Health Management and conservation of natural resources

• Empowering the farmers in seed management enabling them to acquiring good quality seed in

right time and quality at affordable cost .

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• Increasing productivity of crops

• Making farming a commercial Endeavour and restore the lost social prestige of the farmer

• Improve water use efficiency

Strategy – Making Vision a Reality:

In the discussions with Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, Chairman of MSSR foundation, during

September, 2014 Chennai, he has suggested five pillars of agricultural development strategy which

would be adopted in Telangana state.

1) Soils – Land use policy: Last year was the International year of Soil Health. Presently the land

is going out from agriculture; therefore it is essential that we have land use policy.

2) Water – Rain, River and sewerage (recycling) water harvesting and effective use of its

quantity, demand management and Water augmentation. This has to be looked into.

3) Technology Management: Telangana ICAR, is well served by International & National

Agricultural Research Institutes, like DRR, DOR, NRCS, MANAGE and Prof. Jaya Shankar

Telangana State Agriculture University etc we have to make use of these Agril. Research

facilitates to the maximum extent.

4) Credit & Insurance: This is an important area, now receiving attention at all levels

5) Marketing: Marketing and Post Harvest Management is an important aspect especially for

perishables and grains.

He further advised that Agri-Clinics & Agri-Business Centres should be established in all the

mandals and it should necessarily have Agriculture, Horticulture graduates for Horticulture Mission

and also Home Science graduates to correct vitamin deficiencies through Food Based Approach.

He hoped that Telangana state would set an example for other states in this regard. The

above strategy would be adopted.

2.1 Water development:

The overarching objective of Telangana State Water Policy (TSWP) is to ensure

comprehensive multi – sectoral planning, development and management of the States Water

Resources and to provide effective, efficient and equitable service delivery for different uses on a

sustainable basis.

Goals to be achieved:

i. Scientific assessment and development of all water resources, (both surface and ground

water) in a time bound manner. Revival and rejuvenation of water bodies in the State is

critical to achieve this goal.

ii. Efficient irrigation facilities to all the farmers in the state both through gravity and lift

irrigation methods. In order to achieve water use efficiency, state will encourage micro, drip

and sprinkler irrigation systems.

iii. Effective management of extreme climatic events such as floods and droughts.

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Irrigation Management: Concerted efforts shall be made to ensure that the irrigation potential

created is fully utilized. The gap between Irrigation Potential Created (IPC) and Irrigation Potential

Utilized (IPU) is minimized. As irrigation sector utilizes the major portion of available water, concerted

efforts should be made to ensure that water utilized in irrigation results increase in land productivity

and sustaining rural livelihoods in the predominantly semi-arid state.

Water saving in irrigation use is of paramount importance. Methods like aligning cropping

pattern with natural resource endowments, micro irrigation (drip, sprinkler, etc), automated irrigation

operation, evaporation-transpiration deduction, etc., would be encouraged and incentivized.

Ground Water Management: Since 1990, well irrigation in the state has progressed substantially at

the cost of decline in tank irrigation. Currently, wells provide 72% irrigation whereas tanks support

13% cultivated area with assured supply of water. The progressive increase in well irrigation has led

to consequent loss of groundwater recharge, the decline in the water table and slowdown in the

growth of irrigated acreage, reducing Telangana farmers‟ incomes.

It will be ensured to carry out periodical reassessments of the ground water potential on a

scientific basis, taking into consideration the quality of the water available and economic viability of its

extraction. Exploitation of ground water resources should be so regulated as not to exceed the

recharging possibilities, as also to ensure social equity. The detrimental environmental consequences

of over exploitation of ground water need to be effectively prevented. Ground water recharge projects

would be developed and implemented for improving both the quality and availability of ground water

resource.

Adaption of Climate Change: Climate change is likely to increase the variability of water resources

affecting human health and livelihoods. Therefore, Special impetus should be given towards

mitigation at micro level by enhancing the capabilities of community to adopt climate resilient

technological options.

The adaption strategies could also include adoption of compatible agricultural strategies and

cropping patterns and improved water application methods, such as land leveling and / or drip /

sprinkler irrigation as they enhance the water use efficiency, as also, the capability for dealing with

increased variability because of climate change.

Stakeholder participation in land –soil-water management with scientific inputs from local

research and academic institutions for evolving different agricultural strategies, reducing soil erosion

and improving soil fertility would be promoted.

Water Users Associations (WUAs) and the local bodies would be involved in the operation,

maintenance and management of water infrastructures / facilities at appropriate levels progressively,

with a view to eventually transfer the management of such facilities to the user groups.

Micro Irrigation with nutrigation in Horticulture, Agriculture, Sericulture under saturation mode.

Farm Ponds.

2.3 Sustainable Diversification: Crop diversification is bringing out a desirable change in the

existing cropping pattern towards more balanced cropping system to meet ever increasing demand

for the cereals, pulses, oilseed, fiber, fodder, fuel etc., and also aims at improving soil health and agro

ecosystem. Crop diversification takes into account of the economic returns from different crops and

this is very different to the concept of multiple cropping in which the cropping in a given piece of land

in a given period is taken into account. It implies the use of resources in a larger mix of diverse crop

group having complementary activities within crop sector and shifting of resources from less value

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crops to high value crops. With changing need of farmers and globalization of market, crop

diversification can be a useful means to increase the total productivity in terms of quality and

monetary values under different situations.

The fluctuations in cropping systems are more common in Telangana State, because of

variations in amount of rainfall received and non / late filling of water in projects and release of water

in canal commands. During 2012-13 the Gross Area Irrigated by different sources was 25.57 lakh ha

and the Net Area Irrigated was 17.74 lakh ha with an Irrigation intensity of 144 %. Tube wells and dug

wells are the main sources of irrigation in the state irrigating about 84% of the Net Irrigated Area

Keeping the available resources especially water and soil type, the crop planning has to be

done for 3 Agro-Climatic Zones for rainfed as well as irrigated areas. For the irrigated areas

cropping programme must be designed separately for the source wise irrigated areas under wells,

and canal commands / tanks in such a way that the scarce available water can be efficiently utilized

for higher and sustainable economic returns in agriculture. To prepare the crop plans, crop

diversification studies including research on farming systems have to be conducted in different

locations for improving the income of farmers on farm holding basis. Hence it is necessary to Identify

diversified, bio-intensive, resource efficient and remunerative cropping systems for different Agro-

Climatic Zones of Telangana State and development of agro-techniques for identified remunerative

cropping systems.

Hence it is proposed to develop and recommend Remunerative and resource efficient

cropping systems for various farming situations with an outlay of Rs 1.79 crores for five years.

2.4 SEED:

Strengthening of Seed Production chain and infrastructure development:

State as Seed Bowl:

Telangana is the seed hub of the country for production of various crop seed. It produces about

37.00 lakh quintals of seeds in an area of 3.22 lakh acres. There is a great potential for seed

production in Telangana. Hybrid Cotton Seed Production is primarily taken up in the districts of

Mahabubnagar, Hybrid maize Seed production is taken up in Karimnagar, Nizamabad and Medak

districts. The Hybrid paddy seed is produced in Karimnagar and Warangal districts.

To produce quality certified seed and to develop State as Seed Bowl, Government of Telangana

has contemplated a long term Seed Production Plan by involving various Research Institutions,

Government Departments / Agencies and Private Seed Producing Agencies.

The Government has allocated an amount of Rs. 5000 lakh under BEs 2015-16 towards

Strengthening of Seed Production Chain and Development of Infrastructure for implementation of

seed production plan, promotion and multiplication of new varieties, production of Soybean and

other crop seeds in the State to develop the Telangana State as Seed Bowl.

The Government sector are mainly concentrating on production of high volume and low value

crop seeds of notified varieties of Paddy, Jowar, Redgram, Green gram, Black gram, Bengal gram,

Groundnut, Castor and Sesamum.

i) Long Term Seed Production Plan: A long term Seed Production Plan is prepared based on

the certified seed requirement of the state for the targeted area for the next five years. Accordingly

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seed production requirement is prepared by calculating the requirement of various class of seed such

as Breeder seed, Foundation seed and Certified seed up to 2018-19.

1. Areas projected for the next five years (lakh ha):

The year wise, crop wise areas projected for the next four years are given below.

AREAS PROJECTED FOR THE NEXT FOUR YEARS (lakh ha)

Sl.

No. C R O P S

Target

Area

2015-16

Target

Area

2016-17

Target

Area

2017-18

Target

Area

2018-19

1 Paddy 16.53 16.52 16.51 16.50

2 Wheat 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.11

3 Jowar 1.85 2.07 2.30 2.50

4 Bajra 0.27 0.35 0.43 0.50

5 Ragi 0.20 0.31 0.42 0.52

6 Maize 7.16 7.78 8.43 9.00

Total Cereals 26.10 27.13 28.19 29.13

7 Bengal gram 1.23 1.32 1.42 1.50

8 Redgram 3.14 3.26 3.39 3.50

9 Green gram 1.96 2.14 2.33 2.50

10 Black gram 0.77 0.85 0.93 1.00

Total Pulses 7.10 7.57 8.07 8.50

11 Groundnut 2.15 2.27 2.39 2.50

12 Sesamum 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.41

13 Sunflower 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55

14 Soybean 2.10 2.41 2.72 3.00

15 Castor 1.14 1.26 1.39 1.50

Total oilseeds 6.03 6.63 7.24 8.16

16 Cotton (*) 15.38 15.42 15.46 15.50

17 Other crops 2.52 2.98 3.37 2.59

2. Year wise Certified seed, Foundation seed, Breeder seed required for next four years for

targeted area:

The total certified seed required for the targeted areas for the next five years is as detailed

below;

Year 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Total C/S Requirement (Qtls)

2194533 2271018 2348288 2420178

Total F/S Requirement (Qtls)

92107 97576 103082 108069

Total Breeder seed requirement (Qtls)

8525 9065 9611 10104

Breeder seed production plan of PJTSAU (Qtls)

7775 8395 8770 9124

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ii. Seed Village Programme:

To improve the quality of farm saved seed the Seed Village scheme is being implemented by

the Department to ensure supply of quality certified class of seed to the farmers in time at their places

at affordable prices and to develop village as a Seed Village.

Under this scheme Foundation/certified seed will be supplied on 50% subsidy. The area for

one unit is 10.00 ha covering minimum of 50 farmers. Besides three one day trainings will be

conducted to the farmers on seed production technology.

Projection for the next four years.

Year

Area

Proposed

(Ha)

No. of

Units

F/S

required

(Qtl)

Seed

Budget

requirement

(Rs. in lakh)

Training

(Nos)

Training

Budget

requirement

(Rs. in lakh)

Total

Budget

(Rs. in

lakh)

2015-16 27542 2754 26948 680.00 1378 207.00 887.00

2016-17 29194 2919 28565 721.00 1460 219.00 940.00

2017-18 30654 3065 29993 757.00 1533 230.00 987.00

2018-19 32186 3219 31493 795.00 1610 241.00 1036.00

Certified Seed Production through Seed Villages (Cluster Approach):

The production of certified seeds in Pulses and Oilseeds is very low compared to demand and

need to be encouraged. To encourage production of these crop seeds, new intervention is being

proposed by the GOI for implementation from 2014-15 onwards under Sub-Mission on Seed and

Planting Material (SMSP) of National Mission of Agriculture Extension Technology (NMAET).

State Seed Farms: The Department is having ten (10) State Seed Farms in Telangana State,

wherein the Foundation seed is produced and distributed to selected farmers for organization of Seed

Village Programme for production of certified class of seed in the village to distribute farmer to farmer

and village to village.

Gross area is 740.20 ha and net cultivable area is 366.00 ha. It is proposed to bring more area

under cultivation during the next five years.

Projection for next four years is detailed below:

S. No.

Year Area

proposed (ha)

Expected F/S production

(Qtl)

Budget required for strengthening

(Rs. in lakh)

1 2015-16 400 6000 500.00

2 2016-17 430 6750 400.00

3 2017-18 450 7500 300.00

4 2018-19 450 7500 300.00

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Seed Valley Project:

Seed is critical input for long term sustained growth in Agriculture. The timely availability of

certified seed to farmers with good yield potential continues to be a major problem in the state.

In India only 20% of the farmers use certified seed and remaining 80% use farm saved seeds,

where as in Telangana about 70-80% farmers use certified seeds.

It may be mentioned here that rainfed crops are vulnerable to high risk and seed system have

to be oriented towards meeting shortages on account of risk

Waste of seed in rainfed areas due to prolonged dry spells immediately after sowing is a

common occurrence

There should be assured availability of a second batch of seed to repeat sowing if the first

sowing fails

In case of long dry spells the State Seed System must be capable of providing seeds for

contingency plan.

There is a great potential for seed production in Telangana. Hybrid Cotton Seed Production is

primarily taken up in the districts of Mahabubnagar, Hybrid maize Seed production is taken up in

Karimnagar, Nizamabad, and Medak districts. The Hybrid paddy seed is produced in Karimnagar

and Warangal districts.

Similarly there are large areas under seed production of varieties of various crops like Paddy,

Castor, Pulses, Ground Nut, Soybean and vegetables in Karimnagar, Warangal, Nalgonda,

Nizamabad, Mahabubnagar and Adilabad.

Export Potential:

USA, China, Japan are the major players in seed trade. India is also one of the few countries

where seed industry is fairly well organized. India is looking at Asia, African countries with the same

Agro-eco-zones for exporting seeds.

We can take up custom production of seeds for other countries in Telangana which would also

create employment in rural areas.

Strengths in Seed Production in Telangana:

Telangana has the advantage of location of ICRISAT and many ICAR research Institutes like:

(1) CRIDA, (2) DRR, (3) DOR, (4) NRCS, and (5) NBPGR and also State Agricultural

University at Rajendranagar with its network of research stations.

Therefore we would focus on seed producing activities in the state and provide support in the

following areas.

1) Establishment of Bio-tech laboratory

2) Storage facility

3) Maintenance of seed bank

4) Establishment of other industries for processing, packaging etc

We would also encourage private seed companies to have joint venture with foreign

collaboration.

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I. Supply of Seed to the Farmers on Subsidy: Year wise projections are detailed below:

(Qty in Qtls. Rs. in lakh)

Sl.

No. Crop

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Qty

Su

bs

idy

valu

e

Qty

Su

bs

idy

valu

e

Qty

Su

bs

idy

valu

e

Qty

Su

bs

idy

valu

e

1 Paddy (NFSM) 160000 1600 160000 1600 160000 1600 160000 1600

2 Jowar 2170 54 2170 54 2170 54 2170 54

3 Bajra 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1

4 Maize 35000 875 35000 875 35000 875 35000 875

5 Redgram 6440 161 6440 161 6440 161 6440 161

6 Green gram 9610 336 9610 336 9610 336 9610 336

7 Black gram 8700 305 8700 305 8700 305 8700 305

8 Bengal gram 55000 990 55000 990 55000 990 55000 990

9 Soybean 175000 3500 175000 3500 175000 3500 175000 3500

10 Groundnut 84500 1521 84500 1521 84500 1521 84500 1521

11 Castor 750 19 750 19 750 19 750 19

12 Sesamum 367 9 367 9 367 9 367 9

13 Sunflower 1150 29 1150 29 1150 29 1150 29

Crops Total 538737 9400 538737 9400 538737 9400 538737 9400

14 Dhaincha 50000 900 55000 990 60000 1080 60000 1080

15 Sun hemp 25000 625 35000 875 35000 875 35000 875

16 Pilli pesera 5000 150 5000 150 5000 150 5000 150

Sub-total 80000 1675 95000 2015 100000 2105 100000 2105

Grand Total 618737 11075 633737 11415 638737 11505 638737 11505

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FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS FROM 2015-16 TO 2018-19: (Rs. in lakhs)

Sl.No.- Name of the Scheme 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Total

(2015-16 to 2018-10)

I Centrally Assisted State Plan Schemes (National Missions)

1 National Food Security Mission (NFSM)

8425.05 8846.31 9288.62 9753.05 36313.03

2 National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil Palm (NMOOP)

7385.88 7755.17 8142.93 8550.08 31834.06

3 National Mission on Agricultural Extension & Technology (NMAET)

5908.70 6204.13 6514.34 6840.05 25467.22

4 National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture(NMSA)

29249.30 30711.77 32247.36 33859.73 126068.16

5 Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)

29414.70 30885.44 32429.71 34051.19 126781.03

TOTAL 80383.63 84402.81 88622.95 93054.10 346463.50

II NORMAL STATE PLAN

1 Integrated Nutrient Management 220.50 231.53 243.10 255.26 950.38

2 Farm Mechanization 10500.00 11025.00 11576.25 12155.06 45256.31

3 Supply of Seeds 6679.10 7013.06 7363.71 7731.90 28787.77

4 Polambadi 52.50 55.13 57.88 60.78 226.28

5 Extension 3080.57 3234.60 3396.33 3566.15 13277.66

6 National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS)

14676.38 15410.19 16180.70 16989.74 63257.01

7 Buildings to Agriculture Department (Mana vooru mana pranalika)

545.96 573.26 601.92 632.01 2353.15

8 Vaddileni runalu 21000.00 22050.00 23152.50 24310.13 90512.63

9 PAVALA VADDI 2520.00 2646.00 2778.30 2917.22 10861.52

10 Input subsidy to other Farmers 723.28 759.45 797.42 837.29 3117.44

11 Markt Intervention Fund (MARKFED)

42000.00 44100.00 46305.00 48620.25 181025.25

12 Strengthening of seed chain 5250.00 5512.50 5788.13 6077.53 22628.16

13 Development of crop colonies & Soil water analysis

2100.00 2205.00 2315.25 2431.01 9051.26

14 farmers Field Schools and Exposure visits

1050.00 1102.50 1157.63 1215.51 4525.63

TOTAL NSP 110398.29 115918.21 121714.12 127799.82 475830.44

III FINANCE COMMISSION GRANT

1 Seed Bank Scheme 1249.50 1311.98 1377.57 1446.45 5385.50

Department Plan Total 192031.42 201632.99 211714.64 222300.38 827679.43

Non plan 28434.70 34059.24 40802.43 48860.46 152156.83

Grand Total 220466.12 235692.23 252517.07 271160.84 979836.26

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HORTICULTURE

Horticulture Profile:

Telangana is a state in the Southern region of India and situated between 160 – 200N latitude and 770 – 820 E longitude.

Area of the state is 114,840 km2 (44,300 sq mi) and is the twelfth largest state in India with a population of 3.53 crores (2011 census).

The state is well connected to other states with road, rail and airways except for seaport transportation.

Area under Horticulture Crops 10.86 Lakh Ha., Production – 112.56 Lakh M.Ts. which 21.90% out of the net sown area is 49.61 lakh ha. (Source: DES, Hyd 2013-14).

Horticulture sector contributes approximately 5.16% GSDP (Rs.18,703 crores) of the state.

In India, Telangana stands 3rd in area & 8th position in production of fruits and ranks 1st in cultivation of Turmeric.

In vegetables Telangana stands 11th in Area & 13th in Production. Fruits and vegetables constitute 71% of the total horticulture cropped area followed

by spices and flowers.

1. Major Issues: Quality plant material is not available as per the demand. Vegetable production is only 20% of the state demand. Low capacity of cold storage facilities. Lack of processing industries Requirement of more staff for technology dissemination and upgradation of technical

skills. Orientation and training to the farmers for adoption of changes in the sector Gap between research and extension More front line demonstrations needed

2. Major thrust areas:

Area expansion and Rejuvenation of existing orchards due to Suitability of Agro Climate and Soils and availability of vast extents of land for area expansion

To bring in more area under Hybrid Vegetable cultivation with new technologies to achieve self sufficiency in vegetable production.

Production & supply of genuine plant material through the existing horticulture farms by strengthening of infrastructure.

Efficient and effective utilization of water through Micro Irrigation, fertigation and mulching, in view of depleting water table.

Establishment of latest infrastructure like cold storages, ripening chambers, collection centers and intervention of marketing linkages.

To promote precision farming by establishing poly houses, micro irrigation, mulching etc.

Harvesting of solar energy for horticulture sector through solar pumpsets

Awareness & motivation to farmers through extension campaigns, demonstrations, exposure visits & trainings.

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3. Broad Improvement Strategies:

A. Area Expansion :

Introduction of new crops and export varieties:

o Mango: Dashaheri – 35 (clone), Totapuri, Arunika,Ambika, CISH M2 o Orange: Kinnow oranges, Malta, blood red and other citrus varieties o Guava: Lalith, Allahabad Safed, Swetha, VNR 1, CISH-35 o Jamun: J 37 (Bold type) J 42 (seedless) o Custard apple: Balanagar o Pomegranate: Mrudula, Baghuva

Supply of vegetable hybrid seedlings on large scale under subsidy.

B. Productivity Improvement:

Shifting from traditional crops to high value crops – Protected Cultivation of vegetables and flowers with new technology interventions.

Precision farming- Plug type, Pro-tray seedling, Nurtigation, Mulching, etc.

Mechanisation in cultivation – Turmeric & Potato diggers, planters, Bhendi harvesters, Bed raisers, Mechanical harvesters for Mango, Steam boilers & polishing drums for Turmeric.

Promoting ultra high density & high density plantation in mango & guava

C. Water Management in Horticulture:

Micro Irrigation with nutrigation in Horticulture, Agriculture, Sericulture under saturation mode.

Farm Ponds.

D. Promotion of Public Private Partnership for Processing & Export:

Establishment of spice parks for Turmeric , Chillies and Ginger and Turmeric Board, Processing Industries for fruits and vegetables

Encourage Contract Farming.

Establishment of retail markets under control conditions (Farm to Fork)

E. Post Harvest Management:

Establishing Pack Houses, Cold Storages, Ripening chambers and supply of Plastic Crates

F. Establishment of Centres of Excellence for fruits, vegetables and flowers and provide demonstrations on latest technologies to farmers & supply of quality plant material.

4. Key Performance Indicators & Goals:

Area expansion and productivity enhancement. Water use management through Micro Irrigation Promotion of Green Houses & Shade nets Precision farming in vegetables and spices Horticulture Farm Mechanization

17

Quality plant material - Plug type seedling nurseries Post Harvest Management. Farmers‟ trainings and campaigns.

1. Year wise Proposed Action Plan: To fulfill the goals envisaged in the major thrust areas of the department, the following

budget is proposed for the next five years.

(Rs. in crores) S.No Scheme 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Total

1 Promotion of Horticulture Activities 252.00 260.00 275.00 290.00 1077.00

2 MIDH (SHM) 81.00 100.00 115.00 125.00 421.00

3 RKVY(Gen) 36.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 171.00

4 Micro Irrigation 308.00 620.00 650.00 675.00 2253.00

5 Oil Palm 7.50 10.00 12.00 15.00 44.50

6 Extension programmes 0.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 15.00

7 Salaries & other exp. 34.30 44.80 45.30 45.80 170.20

Total 718.80 1079.80 1147.30 1205.80 4151.70

HORTICULTURE UNIVERSITY:

Horticulture University proposed schemes like Strengthening of existing Horticultural

Colleges, Establishment of New Horticultural Colleges, Strengthening of existing PG centres and Establishment of Centres of Excellence etc for which an amount of Rs. 1561.02 crores for the next four years is proposed as given below.

Sl. No.

Particulars / Head of Account

Proposed Budget (Rs. in lakhs) Total (2015-16

to 2018-19)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 University Head Quarters 5268 2072 910 1082 9332

2 Strengthening of existing Horticultural Colleges 2923 454 548 660 4585

3 Establishment of New Horticultural Colleges 4298 6630 3534 1812 16274

4 Strengthening of existing PG centres 2585 256 311 375 3527

5 Establishment of PG Centre at University Head Quarters 143 2154 175 212 2684

6 Strengthening of existing polytechnics 697 46 56 68 867

7 Establishment of new Polytechnics 6848 834 920 1006 9608

8 Establishment of five new Research Stations 21600 1740 2275 3040 28655

9 Strengthening of existing Research Stations 6028 1870 2365 3025 13288

10 Establishment of Institutes of Centres of Excellence 8868 2459 2130 2625 16082

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Strengthening of existing and establishment of new Krishi Vigyana Kendra's and Horticultural training and information centre (HTIC) 32628 5074 6134 7364 51200

Plan Total: 91886 23589 19358 21269 156102

2.5 LIVESTOCK:

i) Status of Livestock and Milk production :

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There are a total of 92.2 lakh bovines (50.3 lakh cattle, 41.9 lakh buffaloes) in the Telangana

state (2012). Of these, 48.1 lakh are breedable females (20.2 lakh cattle and 27.9 lakh buffaloes).

The annual estimated milk production for the year 2014-15 stands at 4.86MMTs. This translates into

average per capita annual milk yield of 1010 kg.

However, with genetic improvement of local cattle & buffaloes by way of cross breeding it is

possible to attain annual milk yields of 1800 litres and 2400 litres in case of buffaloes and cows

respectively with adequate feeding interventions.

ii) Sheep & Goat Production:

Sheep and goat do not require huge capital, resources, linkages and networks under

extensive grazing conditions. They are considered the moving banks of poor households,

Sheep/Goat rearing can be easily taken up by the resource poor landless, small and marginal

farmers, especially women and will be an assured livelihood provider. Dependency of small ruminant

holders on the State is very minimal. Rain fed, drought prone and resource poor areas in which this

state abounds are much suitable to rear small ruminants in a big way.

In Telangana, Mahabubnagar tops the list with about 40 lakh sheep followed by Nalgonda,

Warangal, Karimnagar and Medak districts. All the districts of Telangana have 46.75 lakh goats. This

indicates the suitability of the agro climatic conditions and suitability of this enterprise to the region.

There are about 2.25 lakh members in the 3467 sheep breeder‟s cooperative societies in the state

indicating the popularity of sheep and goat rearing.

The productivity of sheep is reasonable given the conditions of rearing. However, the present

average meat yield of about 10 kg can be enhanced to 15 kg per animal by genetic improvement and

nutritional improvement.

iii) Poultry Production:

In India, commercial poultry production was first introduced in Hyderabad and since then, the

Hyderabad region continued its lead. Telangana State produced 1006crore eggs and 208423 MT of

broiler meat during 2013-14.

Poultry sector especially in Hyderabad region registered a phenomenal growth taking

advantage of all the technological developments that took place in the spheres of breeding, feeding,

healthcare and management including mechanization. Important factors which contributed to the

growth of poultry industry in Hyderabad region are – a) Suitable climatic conditions ( free from

extreme weather conditions), b) proximity to important feed ingredient production areas ( maize and

soya bean), c) accessibility to infrastructure developers, d) availability of well trained human resource

and e) personal and family comfort due to proximity to metropolitan city.

Development of organized poultry has in fact masked the contribution of backyard poultry or

household poultry in rural sector. As per 2012 Quinqennial livestock census, rural poultry constitute

about 50% of the total poultry population at national level and about 27% in Telangana.

iv) Buffalo Meat Production:

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During 2012-13, Andhra Pradesh figured as the third largest beef exporting state in the

country, accounting for a substantial 35% of the total 11.06 lakh metric tonnes of beef exported at a

cost of Rs 17,400 crore. Uttar Pradesh followed by Maharashtra was the top two exporters. About

5,000 buffaloes are slaughtered daily in the four integrated abattoirs in the state, officially. A

staggering 80% of the meat from the animals slaughtered is being exported. These privately owned

abattoirs located in Telangana are exporting meat in a big way to Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Saudi

Arabia, Egypt and the UAE, among other countries.

4. Vision for Livestock & Poultry Development in Telangana:

i) Dairy Development:

Local cattle present in Telangana State are hardy and suitable for draught power but are low

producers. Keeping these characteristics of the existing population, a strategy has to be developed

for the genetic improvement of the native bovines. In tune with the national breeding policy, it could

be crossbreeding of cattle with exotic/native breeds based on the feed and fodder resources available

in the region and upgrading of buffaloes with Murrah. However, there should be conscious efforts to

retain the qualities of heat tolerance, disease resistance etc. that are present in native cattle.

Breed Improvement together with better health care services and extension strategies are

essential to see that every improved progeny born due to Artificial Insemination should add to the

productive stock.

Though the APDDCF was monopolizing the milk procurement in the earlier times, it is the

private players who ruling the procurement and processing currently. In some places like Karimnagar,

the cooperative model is working well. However, the milk procurement network under the cooperative

model needs to be strengthened with due emphasis on encouraging the small dairy units to take care

of the livelihoods of poor farmers and modernizing the dairy processing & packing units. This creates

employment to the rural poor, enhances their income and also the nutritional level of farm families.

ii) Small Ruminant Production:

At present the state‟s sheep and goat population is able to meet the 30% of the overall state

demand, rest of the 70% is imported from other parts of the country. Sheep and goat will come from

Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Karnataka, and Maharashtra States. If the population of the small

ruminants has to be increased by 2 times to meet the increasing demand of the state. The rural

women, landless labor can take up ram lamb / goat kid rearing for fattening the animals and sale off

for meat purpose. It can be a full time employment to the rural youth, which will be able to provide

employment to about 100000 rural youth to rear the ram lambs/goat kids.

Though the rearing practices of meat animals are very much organic and eco-friendly, but

slaughterhouses in the State of Telangana are very primitive and unhygienic. Therefore, meat-

processing facilities have to be improved by the local bodies as per the guidelines provided by Animal

Welfare Board of India.

iii) Poultry Production:

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To make Telangana as number one poultry producing state, the Government shall adapt

poultry sector friendly policy initiatives viz. giving agriculture status to poultry, tax benefits, liberal

finance facilities and providing subsidized quality electricity etc. Poultry industry has to spread to the

regions where it has posted slow growth. Similarly establishment of small and medium poultry farms

in rural areas will address the twin problems of accessibility and affordability to poultry products to

rural poor by cutting down costs on labour, transportation of inputs and outputs. This will ultimately

spur the growth by creating demand in rural areas also.

iv) Buffalo Meat Production:

Considering the demand profile of buffalo meat for export, male buffalo claves, which

otherwise are neglected may be reared on commercial scale for meat purpose. The private

slaughterhouses may be encouraged to have backward linkages with farmers to buyback the calves

after rearing for 1-2 years, similar to the commercial broiler industry. Modern Slaughterhouses need

to be constructed at strategic locations

v) Fodder Production:

Fodder based cheaper feeding strategies are required to reduce the cost of quality livestock

product as the feed alone constitutes 70% of the milk production cost. There is tremendous pressure

of livestock on available total feed and fodder, as land available for fodder production has been

decreasing.

To meet the current level of livestock production and its annual growth in population, the

deficit in all components of fodder, dry crop residues and feed has to be met either from increasing

productivity, utilizing untapped feed resources and increasing land area under fodder production.

There is an immediate need to develop integrated planning for crop and animal production at village

level.

5. Major Interventions proposed:

The major sub sector wise interventions proposed are as follows:

i) Dairy Development:

a. Expansion of Artificial Insemination facilities to cover the entire breedable cattle &buffalo population of the State.

b. Production of Quality Inputs required for Artificial Insemination by establishing new Frozen Semen Bull Station & Strengthening of existing FSBS at Karimnagar.

c. Addressing the problem of Infertility in bovines.

d. Better care & management of crossbred & graded murrah buffaloes its progeny

e. Increased fodder production & conservation and balanced ration to the milch animals.

f. Promotion of feeding of Area Specific Mineral Mixture

g. Better Delivery of Health Care Services – Starting of new Vaccine Production Unit as per the WHO specifications and improvement of infrastructure in Veterinary Institutions.

h. Mobile Veterinary Clinics at Mandal/ constituency level.

i. Modernization of Milk Plant of APDDCFL located at Hyderabad & provision of bulk milk cooling units.

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j. Encourage commercial dairying by way of policy interventions such as Agriculture Status, Concessions in Electricity tariff & providing feed ingredients on discounted prices etc.

k. Est. model cattle breeding farms and demonstration units.

l. Provision of Sexed semen on large scale to have high pedigreed calves in the field.

ii) Sheep & Goat Production:

a. Avoid inbreeding among sheep & promote osmanabadi goats in Telangana. b. Encourage Fodder Production in Grazing / Fallow lands. c. Promote Fattening of Ram Lamb and Semi Intensive System of rearing. d. Reduce the worm burden and disease incidence in Sheep & Goats. e. Encourage Critical Feeding of Concentrates during summer months. f. Strengthening of Sheep & Goat rearers Cooperatives, Unions & Federation. g. Improvement of Slaughterhouse to produce hygienic meat. h. Institutional Credit Support for Sheep & Goat rearers. i. Estt. of model sheep market yards(365 days working) with facilities for sheep and also

sheep rearers. iii) Egg & Broiler Production:

a. Encourage commercial poultry farming by way of policy interventions such as giving Agriculture Status, Concessions in Electricity tariff and providing feed ingredients on discounted prices etc.

b. Promote Rural Back Yard Poultry in remote & tribal villages to improve the quality of nutrition on saturation mode.

c. Establish Disease Surveillance and control Measures.

d. Compulsory registration of commercial Poultry farms.

iv) Beef Production:

a. Encourage rearing of Male Buffalo Calves for slaughter purpose by relaxing the

existing policy.

v) Human Resource Development

a. Filling all the vacant posts of Vets & Paravets in AH Department and teaching & non teaching posts in newly formed Veterinary University.

b. Estt. of State Animal Husbandry Training Center.

BUDGETARY REQUIREMENTS FOR LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SECTOR (Rs. in lakhs)

S. No.

Sector 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Total

1 Dairy Development 6248.47 6644.32 6838.04 7119.84 26850.67

2 Health Services 16564.11 29441.86 27506.86 31430.86 104943.69

3 Sheep & Goat 13750.80 3945.00 3885.00 3295.00 24875.80

4 Feed & Fodder 2004.33 1704.48 1741.61 1791.23 7241.65

5 Poultry 1781.46 166.24 216.24 134.80 2298.74

6 Training & Extension 234.50 3599.50 3489.50 3339.50 10663.00

Total 40583.67 45501.40 43677.25 47111.23 176873.55

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3. CONTINUING ISSUES REQUIRING GREATER ATTENTION:

3.1. Fertilizer subsidy, soil fertility and fertilizer use:

Fertilizers play an important role in increasing productivity of crops. The fertility of soils largely

depends n the amount and rat e of nutrients provided to it. To enhance healthy and continuous

growth of plants, it is important to provide the soil with adequate nutrients for providing higher yields.

During 2014-15 department has distributed 25.36 lakh tonnes of fertilizers as given in the statement

below.

Sl. No. Fertilizer Qty Distributed (L MTs)

1 Urea 13.67

2 DAP 1.89

3 SSP 0.48

4 MoP 1.09

5 Complexes 8.01

6 Others 0.22

Total 25.36

The plan for 2015-16 to distribute 35.74 lakh metric tonnes of Fertilizers.

Soil Health Card Scheme:

The Department of Agriculture has planned to issue Soil Health Cards to all the farmers in the State in a phased manner, over a period of three years. This project will be taken up initially in 1/3rd of the villages in each district during 1st year i.e. 2015-16. The rest of 2/3rd villages will be covered during subsequent two years.

Strategy has been evolved to implement the mission objectives.

i. Adopt a five year validity period for soil fertility data.

ii. The first five year period in this mission has been identified as 2015-16 to 2019-20.

iii. In a holistic approach, it is decided to issue Soil Health Cards to all the farmers.

iv. Due to emerging deficiency of Sulphur and micronutrients (zinc and iron), these are also included.

Generation of Soil Health Cards:

The Operational STLs shall send the results to the District STL, and in turn, the District STL shall prepare Soil Health Cards and communicate the same to the concerned Agricultural Officer for handing over to the respective farmers.

(Phy. No. of samples and fin. in lakhs)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin

2.0 380 2.0 380 2.0 380 2.0 380

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Land Resource Inventory of Telangana State:

It is also proposed to take up Soil Resource Mapping in Telangana in coordination with NBSS and LUP. The scope of the project is as follows:

1. To characterize and map the soil resources of all the villages in different mandals of Telangana State at 1:10000 scale.

2. To suggest optimal land use plan at village level for intensification of agriculture and rejuvenation of fallow lands.

3. To develop Village level Land Resource Information System (LRIS) in GIS environment.

Soil profiles are collected for each 100 ha. block to study different themes viz, Gravelliness, available water capacity, calcareousness, soil slope, soil degradation, potential soil loss, land capability, land irrigability.

The project is proposed in 3 Mandals on pilot basis.

1. Gajwel - Medak District

2. Indervelli – Adilabad District

3. Thimmajipet – Mahabubnagar District

The total cost of the project is Rs 18.15 Crores which covers all the mandals and commenced from the year 2014-15 till the year 2018-19 and village wise thematic maps will be provided to the department.

Deliverables:

The LRI Project would provide following data in hard and soft copies.

1. Village wise soil and thematic maps, duly super imposed with survey number boundaries

2. Suggested land use and land treatment maps

3. Soil survey report of each mandal along with physico-chemical and soil profile characteristics.

The entire information shall be uploaded in a web based geo-portal for access to all the functionaries and the farming community.

The project would be commenced from April-2015 and completed by April-2019.

(Phy. No. of mandals and fin. in lakhs)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin

110 4.475 110 4.475 110 4.475 110 4.475

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3.3 Research & Extension:

Research:

I. Breeders seed production of major crops in Telangana State:

Seed is the basic input in agriculture and all the technologies revolve around it. Production of

quality seed is paramount for achieving potential yields in any crop. Therefore utmost care is required

in the production of different categories of seed. Since both public and private sectors are involved in

this gigantic task, supply of required breeders seed of the popular and potential varieties and hybrids

of different crops to various stakeholders is the responsibility of the university so that the technology

developed with regard to new varieties and hybrids reach the ultimate clientele i.e. the farmers. It is

proposed to strengthen the breeder seed production programme of rice, sorghum, soybean,

Redgram, greengram, maize and castor.

II. Higher Water Use Efficiency and productivity

Out of 4.0 m ha of net cultivated area in Telangana state, about 60% is under rain fed

agriculture and irrigated agriculture accounts about 1.5 m ha from surface and ground water sources.

Tube wells and dug wells are the main sources of irrigation in the state irrigating about 84% of the Net

Irrigated Area. The water sector in the newly formed Telangana state is facing with critical challenges

viz. competition among different water using sectors, poor service in power supply for pumping

ground water (10.0 lakh ha area under well irrigation. Out-dated irrigation water management

practices resulting in low water productivity.

Hence the following projects are proposed to save precious water (surface and ground

water) and get more crop per drop of water through increased awareness and knowledge to the

farmers and field level staff.

1. Scaling up Water Productivity in Rice through Demonstration of Water Saving Technologies

2. Micro-Irrigation and Fertigation in field and Horticulture Crops - Capacity Building of field level staff and farmers

3. Demonstration of Solar Pump Operated Micro-Irrigation System in field crops

III. On-farm transfer, evaluation and refinement of farming systems for

improving the profitability and livelihood of farmers in Telangana State

Based on available resources especially soil type, water, marketing facilities, infra structure,

available technologies etc., farming system models have to be advocated to farmers in 3 Agro-

Climatic Zones of Telangana state for sustainable livelihoods. Integration of two or more appropriate

combination of enterprises like crop, dairy, goat rearing, piggery, fishery, poultry, mushroom, vermin-

composting, bee keeping etc., for each farm is essential to sustain crop production , attain food and

nutritional security and ultimately for upliftment of farmers. Hence a project to demonstrate the most

remunerative and sustainable integrated farming systems in Telangana state is proposed.

IV. Development, modifications and popularization of farm implements and machinery for

seed to seed mechanization of selected crops in Telangana state

25

Most of the major operations involved in cultivation of the major crops such as land

preparation, sowing, weeding and inter-cultivation, transplanting, fertilizer application, spraying,

harvesting, threshing and cleaning are mainly done by agriculture labour which includes both man

and women. All these operations are laborious, time consuming and become economically not viable

to the farmers due to shortage of labour and increased labour wages for the past 5 to 10 years.

Hence the project is proposed to demonstrate and popularize machinery for maize, groundnut and

turmeric cultivation.

V. Establishment of Agri-Toursim Centre at Rajendranagar, Professor Jyashankar Telangana

State Agricultural University

In order to Increase the productivity of land the farmers need to convince themselves by

seeing the farm innovations through their visits to the places demonstrations. Both Central and State

Governments are encouraging the exposure visits to the farmers and providing funds to the State

Departments. With more diversity in institutional base, farmers are not able to see the farm

innovations to their expectations and are not satisfying. In this context, there is need to establish a

single window platform for facility who can coordinate with all the institutions and farm innovations in

and around the city of Hyderabad and also in the state of Telangana to take the farmers and to satisfy

their urge “Seeing is believing” and motivate the farmers to adopt the farm innovations in agriculture

and allied areas. In this context, Agri-Tourism centre will act as a single window platform to provide

this service to the farmers and other visitors. It provides education and entertainment.

VII. Capacity building of farmers and students:

Majority of rural youth is leaving the agriculture as a profession and migrating to urban areas

in search of non-agriculture employment opportunities. In this context there is an urgent need to

attract and retain the rural youth in agriculture and allied sectors by involving under graduate students

of Agriculture, Horticulture and Home Science, which enables easier and effective communication.

To attract the youth towards agriculture, the identified rural youth need to be provided with

applied agricultural knowledge and skills through formal system of education by offering certificate

course with three months duration.

Innovation and creativity are two words heard frequently in higher education today. They are

inbuilt in students and are to be rightly encouraged and utilized. Creating an environment of trust is a

critical component of promoting innovation and creativity. Faculty can create a classroom climate

where everyone‟s voice matters. Better yet, get involved in the community with students.

Hence the following programmes are proposed

1. Certificate Course in Agriculture for rural youth

2. Chenu Kabarlu: Student managed Radio

26

ABSTRACT

(Rs. in lakhs)

S. No

Name of the project Budget for 2015-16

Budget for 2016-17

Budget for 2017-18

Budget for 2018-19

Budget for 2015-16 to 2018-19

I. Breeder seed production of major crops in Telangana State 1525.8 131.8 136.8 155.8 1950.2

II. Higher Water Use Efficiency and productivity

1) Scaling up Water Productivity in Rice through Demonstration of Water Saving Technologies

35 37.5 21 21 114.5

2) Micro-Irrigation and Fertigation in field and Horticulture Crops - Capacity Building of field level staff and farmers

65.5 54 50.5 48.5 218.5

3) Demonstration of Solar Pump Operated Micro-Irrigation System in field crops

29 57.5 31.25 32.25 150

III. On -farm transfer, evaluation and refinement of farming systems for improving the profitability and livelihood of farmers in Telangana state

175.5 115.5 291

IV. Development, modifications and popularization of farm implements and machinery for seed to seed mechanization of selected crops in Telangana state

83 96 60 35 274

V. ICT in Agriculture

1) Applied agriculture skills for better farming through e-Learning 50 20 20 90

2) Promotion of Interactive Information Dissemination System (IIDS) services to meet the information needs of the farmers

10 6 6 5 27

3) Blending mobile technologies with traditional extension for impacting the lives of farmers

40 24 13 5 82

4) Strengthening of Extension centers with ICT gadgets 90 15 15 15 135

5) Climate Information Centres (CLICs) for profitable and resilient agriculture

105 50 50 205

6) eKisan Saathi: A Location-specific IT-based Agro-Advisory System to Improve Food Security and Livelihood: A Technology Demonstration of Scalability and Replicability

63.92 45.52 109.44

VI. Agri tourism Centre 141.8 130.4 53.4 56.4 382

VII. Capacity building of farmers and students

1) Certificate Course in Agriculture for rural youth 166 31 30 227

2) Chenu Kabarlu: Student managed Radio 225 25 15.5 15.5 281

Total: 2805.52 839.22 502.45 389.45 4536.64

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SRI P V NARSIMHA RAO TELANGANA STATE UNIVERSITY FOR VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND

FISHERY SCIENCES:

Research interventions proposed:

Sri P.V. Narsimha Rao Telangana State University for Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences, Hyderabad is a major stake holder in the development of livestock and allied sectors in the state of Telangana. It aims to improve the livestock sector and thereby contribute to the economy of the state by producing quality man power to handle/manage different livestock development programs; increasing the productivity and health of livestock, creation of locally suitable and climate resilient strains/varieties of livestock, by creating technologies to tide over the feed and fodder shortages keeping in view the availability of non conventional or agro industrial by products; transfers the technologies developed to the farmers through its extension machinery and also with the help of line Departments of the State Government.

1. Genetic improvement of livestock:

a) Cattle and Buffaloes: The production potentials of native livestock are low. Rapid dissemination of superior germplasm can be achieved by Artificial Insemination (AI). There is an urgent need to establish a bull mother farm of at least 5000 cattle so as to impose high level of selection intensity and produce elite bulls for production of semen to meet the needs of all the breedable cattle of the state. Further, the AI network need to be strengthened by infusing quality infrastructure and man power for successful and rapid genetic improvement.

b) Sheep and Goats: Deccani, the native sheep breed is hardy and thrives well under low input situations. However, chronic inbreeding, lack of selection and underfeeding has resulted in poor production. There is an urgent need to establish a large nucleus herd where selective breeding can be taken up. The elite rams thus reared can be supplied to farmers as breeding rams which will disseminate the genetic superiority to the sheep with the farmers. The Mahabubnagar goats are highly prolific and need to be developed, characterized and popularized.

c) Poultry: Commercial broiler and layer poultry industry is at an advanced level. The native birds are less productive and are thus not favored by rural people currently. There is an urgent need to develop birds suitable to backyard farming, with enhanced production levels. The University has already developed a bird called Rajasri which is accepted by the farmers. Some more varieties are in advanced stage of development. However, the facilities for large scale multiplication and supply are inadequate, and need to be strengthened.

d) Pigs: Pigs are efficient converters of garbage in to quality animal protein. Popularization of Large White Yorkshire crossbred pigs would go a long way in augmenting protein supplies, providing employment for urban/rural poor. The University can take up the responsibility of supplying the required germ plasm and technical guidance.

Apart from selective breeding, there is an urgent need to utilize the latest molecular genetics and bioinformatics tools to enhance the production levels of different livestock species. Establishment of state of the art molecular genetics laboratory for livestock would go a long way in exploiting animal genetic resources of the State.

28

2. Feed and Fodder

There is an acute shortage of feed and fodder resources, which is one of the major causes for

low production levels of our livestock. There is an urgent need to conduct research in to the suitability

of different agricultural by products for livestock feeding. Further, research interventions at rumen

microbiology level need to be explored for efficient utilization of available feed and fodder resources

and emission of green house gases production.

3. Livestock Health

In view of the globalization and highly intensive livestock production systems, there is an

emergence and re emergence of certain diseases such as swine flu, avian flu etc. Climate change

has caused shift in the epidemiological pattern of certain vector borne diseases leading to severe

economic losses.

Keeping these essential interventions for the overall development of livestock sector in

Telangana State in view, Sri P V Narsimha Rao Telangana State University for Veterinary, Animal

and Fisheries Sciences has proposed to take up the activities.

The financial requirement of different schemes of Veterinary University comes to Rs. 223.00

crores up to 2018-19 as indicated in the Annexure – I.

EXTENSION:

In various fora it was brought out that the extension in the state is not performing to the

expected level and requires strengthening. Agril. Research is one of the primary engines of

Agriculture Economic Growth and is central for boosting farm productivity and moving to yield

revolution. A strong Agri – Extension System, is the main vehicle to carry the fruits of research to the

farmers and strengthen the Lab – to – Land process. Extension has two dimensions:

a) Communication and

b) Education

It assists the farmers to acquire the knowledge to use the new Agricultural Technologies and

to boost crop productivities.

As per standard norms for effective extension coverage one Extension officer is required for

every one thousand farm families (1000). Accordingly, the state of Telangana requires 5554

extension officers to cover 55.54 lakh farm holdings, The present strength of AEOs is 1112 where as

only 823 Agricultural Extension Officers are working in the State of Telangana. Therefore it is

proposed to have a strong net work of Assistant Agricultural Extension Officers with minimum

qualification of Diploma in Agriculture. They may be taken on consolidated pay basis @ Rs. 10,000/-

per month. the cost of deploying 4,442 posts (5554 – 1112) of Assistant Agricultural Extension

Officers per Annum @ Rs. 10,000/- per month. The cost per annum comes to Rs 53.53 crores.

Hence it is proposed that:

Creating 4,442 posts of Assistant Agricultural Extension officers with minimum qualification of Diploma in Agriculture / Horticulture costing Rs. 53.30 crores annually.

The additional cost would be Rs. 3309 lakhs annually. (Rs.53.30 crores-Rs.20.21 crores).

29

Fill up all the 529 existing vacancies in the department i.e. from Additional Director of Agriculture to AEO level. This will establish close and effective contact with farmers at field level and enable a vibrant Agri – Extension network in Telangana state. An amount of Rs. 30.00 crores is earmarked for strengthening of extension personnel.

Training to Attract and Retaining of Young Farmers in Agriculture:

Presently sons of farmers are not attracted to the farming as the remuneration is poor and the

standard of living of farmers especially with a holding of 1.12 ha. It is difficult to make a good living.

Therefore it is proposed to organize training programmes to the young farmers for attracting them

towards farming. The training will be organized by the FTCs which are located @ one in each district.

It is proposed that 4 trainings per month by each FTC for 30 participants. The total cost per annum

comes to Rs. 64.80 lakhs or say Rs. 65.00 lakhs per annum. PJTSAU has formulated a separate

course for the purpose.

10. Training of farmers on Integrated Farming

Intensive training programmes are proposed on integrated farming to be organized by each

FTC. 444 training programmes are planned in a year @ one training per mandal. The cost per

participant works out to Rs. 500/-. Thus the total cost is estimated at Rs. 66.60 lakhs or say Rs. 67.00

lakhs per annum.

3.5 Credit and Finance:

Crop Loan Waiver Scheme: Government of Telangana is convinced that a onetime crop loan waiver

will enable the farmers to make fresh investments in Agriculture. The scheme covers only institutional

loans up to Rs. One Lakhs including interest as on 31.03.2014. the farmer family is defined as the

head of the family, spouse and dependent children. Government of Telangana has launched the crop

loan waiver scheme and issued GORT.No.69 dated 13.08.2014. The achievements made are as

follows:

An amount of about Rs 17,050.00 Crores was outstanding as on 31-03-2014 in the Banks

pertaining to crop loans of farmers.

Government have released 25% of the outstanding amount i.e. Rs. 4250.00 Crores (Rupees

Four Thousand Two Hundred and Fifty Crores Only) to the farmers accounts through banks

throughout the Telangana state.

It is estimated that about 36.32 lakh farmers will be benefitted under the scheme.

An amount of Rs. 4086.00 crores is adjusted to 35.82 lakh farmers‟ accounts.

Item Rs. in crores

credit target as per SLBC (Kharif 2014) 12389.70

As per Annexure E

Amount to be waived 17050.00

No of Farmers / Accounts 3632827

25% of Amount as per Annexure E released to districts 4230.00

Loan Waiver

Amount Credited to the farmers account 4086.00

No. of accounts in which credited. 3581596

Total of Renewals and Fresh Lending & Rescheduling Amount 7816.84

During 2015-16 the next phase of loan waiver is under implementation.

30

3.6. Agricultural Marketing & Trade:

SWOT Analysis of Department of Agricultural Marketing:

Strengths:

• More Number of Regulated Markets

• Regulation of the sale and purchase of notified commodities through auctions/tenders, ensuring correct weighment, prompt payment, etc.

• Collect, maintain and disseminate information of prices of agricultural produce.

• Standardize market charges like commission and labour charges.

• Establish check posts to arrest the leakages of market revenue.

• Support to MSP operations by providing required equipment and funds.

• Implement welfare activities such as

• Rythu Bandhu Pathakam

• Rythu Bheema Pathakam etc.

Weaknesses:

• Lack of Quality based Price Discovery.

• Manual Open Auction System/Tender system

• Records and Accounts and issue of Manual receipts.

• Traditional Licensing System and its Issuance.

• Lack of Professional skills in Marketing Aspects.

• Certain practices like delay payment, cash cutting for Spot Payment etc are continued.

Opportunity:

• Introduction of E-Tender and/or E-auction System to replace manual open auction/tendering - Short term goals

• Computerization of all Records and Accounts and issue of takpatties in the Markets. - Short Term Goals

• Introduction of E-permits to avoid fake permits and receipts - Short term goals • Revolving fund to be created to undertake Minimum Support Price (MSP) operations from the

beginning of the Marketing season and to avoid malpractices and related problems - Medium Term Goals

• Quality based price discovery and timely payment of sale proceeds. • Bringing professionalism in management of existing Markets.

Threats:

Lack of Research on Agril. Marketing Prices, its forecasting, Price discovery mechanism. Assessment of demand (Volume/Quantity)

Advent of Private Markets and use of Technology based initiative.

Goals & Strategies: SHORT TERM GOAL - Transparency in Market Operations Strategy: Transparency can be achieved by using ICT Initiatives

• Auction Process • Post Auction Process - Weighing, Settlement of dues to seller etc., • Price Information to Stake Holders

31

Transparency in auction process:

• Capturing arrival information through gate entry/lot entry

• Display of lots available for auction through an electronic platform

• Present manual auction to be replaced by an electronic auction process – increased participation, competition and improved price discovery

• Final bid price to the seller for an informed decision to sell.

Transparency in Post auction process:

• Integrating weighing and the auction engine for accurate capture of weight of produce sold

• Farmers to get takpattis generated by the auction platform

• Option to generate sale bill through the system

• Transport permit to be generated by the system, capable of online verification for hassle free movement of goods.

MEDIUM TERM GOALS - Commodity Grading & Information Dissemination Strategy for Commodity Grading:

Draw up quality specifications for traded commodities to facilitate testing

• Establish testing labs in all markets for testing of the arrived produce

• Testing of produce through professional third party entities

• Promote quality based auction by displaying quality parameters in the screen

Strategy for Information Dissemination:

Timely, Accurate and wider information dissemination to all the market participants will help in involving a Perfect Market. This will include Following:

• Provision of data by way of SMS to all the market participants

• The SMS will be sent to all the market participants at every stage of the movement of the Goods till the completion of the Trade.

• he SMS facility will also be used to get timely payment of cess and Fair Reconciliation.

• he Basis of sending SMS will be the Participants who register themselves with the AMC.

• Weather Updates can be provided by AMC to all the market participants to avoid any commodity damage at the AMC in times of Peak seasons

LONG TERM GOAL - Integrating Markets:

Strategy:

• Next level will involve Integrating Markets, Developing of Remote markets with Quality Assayed Labs and Provision of Bank Pledge Loan

• It will Involve developing Mini warehouses at Farm Gate with state of art of quality Labs, equipped with Electronic accounting of Stock and real time updation of warehouse transfers through " Com Live"

• Connecting smaller markets with Nearby Bigger Markets

• Finally all the AMC will be integrated to Provide a large Market to all the Participants

ISSUES:

Quality based price discovery:

The current market structure lacks the quality testing facilities, this leads buyers to physically inspect the commodity before deciding the price that can be offered. Apart from necessitating physical presence of buyers in the market, finer aspects of quality of the produce is not appreciated and hence there is little encouragement for the seller to improve the quality of his produce by cleaning and sorting at the farm gate.

32

Quality based price discovery is intended to address this shortcoming in the market structure.

Testing all arrivals in the market would call for infrastructure (like laboratories, facilities for

sampling, etc.), well publicized standards for each commodity and testing processes, arrangements

for dispute resolution, etc.

While implementing Marketing Reforms in markets, initiating preparatory steps for setting up

assaying laboratories in all markets are required. If, infrastructural facilities already in place, it would

be easier to commence testing of commodities in the markets.

Test parameters for every commodity and the testing process should be decided in

consultation with all participants and well publicized. Existing standards like BIS can be guide posts

for drawing up standards, but cannot be adopted as they are. The department has to examine if the

standards and test process published can be brought under the Act and Rules, which would make

enforcement simpler.

Private companies with adequate experience in sampling and assaying may be invited

through a transparent process to establish test facilities in the markets in the state. The terms of

inviting competitive offers may be finalized independently. While the agency selected for establishing

testing infrastructure would bring in the professional expertise needed, the Directorate of Agricultural

Marketing should prescribe necessary control procedures for participants to develop confidence in

the system.

Farm gate cleaning and sorting, appropriate packing, advantages of testing of the produce

before putting up for sale and related aspects have to be sufficiently publicized.

Key Performance Indicators:

1. Collection of Market Fee 2. Introduction of E-bidding in Market yards and using of E-permits 3. Creation of Storage Space 4. Price Dissemination 5. Completion of Assessments/Audit Objections 6. Quality Based sales 7. Inspections of Trader premises and Weighments 8. Inspections of Check Posts 9. Pledge Loans to Farmers under RBP

FOUR YEAR PLAN:

1. Creations of Additional Storage in Regulated Market yards in Telangana State: The

Department of Agriculture Marketing planned to create an additional storage space of

405000 MTs in AMCs in a phased manner for the next five years plan 2015-19

under this scheme an amount of Rs. 112600/-lakhs is required (Godowns – Rs. 55800/-,

Ripening Chambers - Rs.2500/-, Cold Storages – Rs. 3700/- and Covered Sheds – Rs.

50600/-).

2. Construction of Drying Plat forms and Godowns at Decentralized Procurement

Centers: For creating Marketing infrastructure outside the Market Yards i.e. in Cluster

Villages and Sub Market Yards which are close access to the farmers for Marketing their

produce for which construction of Drying platforms and storage space at decentralized Agril.

Marketing at the Cluster villages and sub yards by engaging the IKP/Govt. Agencies for

procuring the produce from directly farmers without a middleman. For which 2.5 Lakh MTs of

33

storage space is planned to create for the benefit of the farmers and an amount of Rs. 600/-

crores is required and same is proposed in the next five years plan i.e. 2015-19.

3. Computerization of Market Yards and Online Trading(Short term): To provide more

competitive price to the Agril. produce brought by the farmers to the Market Yards. The

Department is planning to replace the existing manual bidding system in all regulated

markets Yards to monitor closely the transactions and the produce arriving at the market

yards to provide better facilities. It is proposed to computerization of all the market yards in

the state of Telangana in phased manner at a total cost of Rs18000 /- lakhs is proposed in

next five years plan i.e. 2015-19. The same is proposed in Budget.

Time Line: For E-tendering in 42 major markets – 12 Months and for remaining other

Markets 6- 8 months of time is required. Coming to Quality Based Price Discovery, 38

months of time is required.

4. Creating Basic Facilities (Purified Drinking Water, Electricity, Sanitation, Rythu rest

house etc.,) (Short term): Most of the regulated market yards are required to create a basic

facilities in the interest of the Market Users. To provide such facilities, the Department is

planning to create a basic facility in all regulated Markets in phased manner in the next five

years plan i.e. 2014-19. For which an amount of Rs. 4500/- lakhs is required. The Same is

proposed in Budget.

5. HRD (Trainings to the farmers on post harvesting techniques, Stake holders of the

Market yard and staff - Capacity Building Programmes(Long term): Lack of proper

knowledge on the Post harvesting techniques to prevent the losses after harvesting. The

farmers as well as the Marketing officials are required to trained and Training to the Stake

holders is planned in next five years i.e. 2015-19 to prevent post harvesting losses and

enhance the income of the growers. For which an amount of Rs.200/- lakhs is required. The

Same is proposed in Budget.

6. Creating Awareness of Market Intelligence (Forecasting of Market trends on Arrivals,

Prices of Agril. Commodities and Prediction of Future prices and Price

disseminations at Village level and Mandal head quarters(Medium term):

o Lack of proper information on price trends of Agirl. Commodities in different markets in

different places, the farmers are forced to sale at Village brokers at a distress sale. To

overcome this problem there is a need to establish a Market intelligence and Demand

forecasting cell at Directorate, Hyderabad to forecast the demand, supply and price of

seeds of various crops and their varieties, reliable price discovery mechanism. To give the

accurate information of the price trends to the farmers day by day.

o Research and Development (Long term): It is proposed to give financial assistance to

the Telangana State Agricultural University to undertake the research studies on different

aspects/problems of agriculture marketing and for suggest better agricultural marketing

system in the State to improve sale, storage or processing of agricultural produces, the

objective is to provide remunerative prices to the farmer-producers and make Agril.

Produce available at affordable prices.

The Dept planned to take up the above said programmes in the next four years plan i.e 2015-

19, an amount of Rs. 1200/- lakhs is proposed.

34

7. Establishment of New Rythu Bazars and its Maintenance of Existing and Newly

created Rythu Bazars:

The Rythu Bazars were functioning to the alternative marketing facilities to the Vegetables

growers where they can sell their produce directly to the consumer without any middlemen and

getting the full Rupee of the value paid by the consumer. At present there are 27 Rythu bazaars are

functioning Telangana State. There is a dire need to create more such farmers markets for the

Vegetables growers. The Dept of Agriculture Marketing is planning to create New Rythu Bazars and

uplifting the face value of the Existing Rythu Bazars and its maintenance for providing better services

to the stake holders. For which an amount of Rs. 2200.00 lakhs is required and the same is proposed

in the budget.

Funds Required for Four Years:

(Rs. in crores)

S. No.

Name of the Scheme Capacity Amount 4 Year Plan

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

1 Storage Scheme

a)Godowns 4.05

LMTs 502.20 125.55 125.55 125.55 125.55

b) Ripening Chambers - 23.00 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75

c) Cold Storages - 35.00 8.75 8.75 8.75 8.75

d) Covered Sheds 0.581 L.Sft

456.00 114.00 114.00 114.00 114.00

2 Construction of Drying Platforms and Godowns at De-centralized procurement centers

2.5 LMTs 500.00 125.00 125.00 125.00 125.00

3 Computerization of Market Yards and Online Trading

80.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00

3.1 Additional Infrastructures - (Drinking water, Electrification, Sanitary, Rythu Rest Houses etc.,)

- 40.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

4 HRD(Trainings to the farmers on post harvesting techniques, Stake Holders of the Market Yard and staff of the AMCs)

1.80 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45

5 Agril. Marketing Extension(Forecasting of Market Trends arrivals, prices Marketing Information and Price Dissemination centres at Mandal Head Quarters)

10.00 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50

6 Revolving Fund

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

7 Establishment of New Rythu Bazars and its Maintenance

22.00 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50

Total 1670.00 417.50 417.50 417.50 417.50

Note: Providing subsidy for construction of Cold Storages, Ripening Chambers to encourage the Private

Entrepreneurs for creation of Scientific Storage and Ripening Chambers, Subject to Govt. Approval

35

3.7 Link to Industry-Food Processing:

Promotion of Public Private Partnership for Processing & Export:

Establishment of spice parks for Turmeric , Chillies and Ginger and Turmeric Board,

Processing Industries for fruits and vegetables

Encourage Contract Farming.

Establishment of retail markets under control conditions (Farm to Fork)

Post Harvest Management:

Establishing Pack Houses, Cold Storages, Ripening chambers and supply of Plastic Crates

Establishment of Centres of Excellence for fruits, vegetables and flowers and provide

demonstrations on latest technologies to farmers & supply of quality plant material.

3.9 Crop Insurance:

The following Crop Insurance schemes are under implementation in Telangana state.

1. National Agriculture Insurance Scheme (NAIS)

2. Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS) under NCIP

National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) was introduced in the State from Kharif 2000

season onwards with involvement of Agriculture Department, Agriculture Insurance Co.

(Implementing Agency) and Directorate of Economics and Statistics.

Objectives:-

To provide a measure of financial support to the farmers in the event of yield loss recorded by

conducting Crop Cutting Experiments.

To restore the credit eligibility of a farmer after a crop failure for the next season.

To encourage the farmers to adopt progressive farming practices, high value in-puts and

higher technology in Agriculture.

To help stabilize farm incomes, particularly in disaster years.

Crops Covered: 19 crops covered during the Kharif and 10 crops in Rabi season.

Premium Subsidy: 10 % of premium subsidy is allowed to small and marginal farmers only under

National Agriculture Insurance Scheme (NAIS).

Village Insurance Unit Scheme:

In addition to the Mandal Insurance Unit Scheme, the Government has started “Village Made

as Insurance Unit” Scheme for the first time in the country on pilot basis during Kharif 2005 and 2006

in the selected five districts and extended to all the Districts in the State from Kharif 2008 season.

36

Farmers Covered:

Loanee Farmers: All farmers irrespective of category, who are borrowing crop loans for the Notified

Crops from any Bank including PACS are compulsorily covered under Crop Insurance.

Non Loanee Farmers: It is optional for Non-loanee, Tenant farmers and share croppers.

Predominant crop of the each district is notified under Village made as insurance unit scheme

and all the other crops are under Mandal insurance unit scheme.

District wise Crops Notified vide G.O.Rt. No.268, Dated.03.06.2015 of A&C (Agri.II) Dept.

under Village Insurance Unit Scheme under National Agriculture Insurance Scheme (NAIS) during

Kharif 2015 season:

Sl.No. District Crop Sl. No. District Crop

1 Nalgonda Rice 6 Nizamabad Maize

2 Khammam Rice 7 Mahabubnagar Maize

3 Karimnagar Rice 8 Medak Maize

4 Warangal Rice 9 Adilabad Soybean

5 Rangareddy Maize

Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS):

For the benefit of farming community, apart from the “National Agricultural Insurance Scheme”

(NAIS) for the first time in the State, the Government have implementing the “Weather Based Crop

Insurance Scheme” during Kharif 2009 season. The Scheme aims to mitigate the hardship of the

insured farmers due to the financial loss on account of anticipated crop loss resulting from incidence

of adverse deviations of weather parameters like Rainfall, Temperature, Relative humidity etc.

Perils under the WBCIS

Excess Rainfall

Less Rainfall

Excess Temperature

Less Temperature

Deviations in relative humidity

Wind velocity etc

“Automatic Weather Stations” (AWS)

To measure the Weather parameters “Automatic Weather Stations” (AWS) are established in

all the Mandals of the State @ one per each Mandal. Around 900 AWS are working in the State.

Premium Subsidy:- 25% to 50% premium subsidy to all the farmers irrespective of

their category.

37

Crops and Districts Notified under Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS) during

Kharif 2015 Season.

3.10. Farm Mechanization:

Objectives:

i) Increasing the reach of farm mechanization to small and marginal farmers and to the regions

where availability of farm power is low.

ii) Promoting „Custom Hiring Centers‟ to offset the adverse economies of scale arising due to

small landholding and high cost of individual ownership. Also employment will be generated in

addition to farm power enhancement.

iii) Establishing „Implement Hiring Stations‟ to serve as the nodal points to rent commonly used

equipment to farmers on nominal hiring charges fixed by Gram sabha. This will reduce the

financial burden on farmers for buying farm equipment which is used only for a few days in a

year.

iv) Creating awareness among stakeholders through demonstration and capacity building

activities

Strategies: To achieve the above objectives, the following strategies will be adopted:

i) Promote farm mechanization among stakeholders by way of on-field and off-field training and demonstrations.

ii) Provide financial assistance to farmers for procurement of farm machinery and implements

iii) Establish custom hiring centres of location and crop specific farm machinery and implements

iv) Provide financial assistance to small and marginal farmers for hiring machinery and implements in low mechanized regions.

Custom Hiring Centers:

Due to scarcity of labour the cost of cultivation has gone up and has become un-remunerative

to the farmers, therefore it is proposed to promote farm mechanization in a big way by establishing

900 custom hiring centers @ 100 per district. The cost of each unit is estimated at Rs. 5.00 lakhs.

Thus the total cost comes to Rs. 4500.00 lakhs.

Mechanization will help in increasing the productivity of crops while reducing the cost of

cultivation. It will also enable the farmer to complete farming operations in time. Depending upon the

types of crops grown, soil conditions, local situations and requirements in the districts, the

Department is contemplating to distribute various farm machinery and implement on subsidy basis.

Crops Districts

Cotton Adilabad, Warangal, Khammam, Karimnagar, Nalgonda and Mahabubnagar

Redchilly Warangal and Khammam

Oil Palm Khammam

Sweet Lime Nalgonda

38

Presently, there is increased demand for Farm Mechanization due to rural workers migration

to urban areas and increase in the cost of farm labour. Therefore, it is proposed to enhance the

allocation for Farm Mechanization under NSP by Rs. 100.00 crores so that there is Rs. 200.00 crores

under Farm Mechanization programme during the current year to cope up the demand from the

farmers. The subsidy pattern will be 50% as provided under RKVY.

The additional funds requested under NSP will be utilized for establishment of 740 units of

CHC- Land Preparatory equipment @ Rs 10.00 lakhs per unit on 50% subsidy.

The additional funds requested under SMAM will be utilized for supply of various farm

implements on subsidy.

1. COOPERATION:

Cooperative structure provides an alternative frame work for optimum utilization of resources by

laying emphasis on collectivism. It provides for collective ownership, collective management and

collective bargaining. It is a link between public sector and private sector. It possess best of

both the private sector and public sector.

Cooperative system is the best vehicle for protecting the interests of weaker sections particularly

in providing access to resources in Agriculture and allied sectors and is also the best bet for

appropriate benefit sharing.

Cooperative Societies in the Agriculture and Allied Sector facilitate:

Collective ownership of land, fish ponds, processing units etc.,

Provision of credit and other vital inputs like fertilizers, seeds etc.,

Provision of infrastructure like Warehouses.

Processing of produce.

Collective bargaining strength in marketing the produce.

Modernization of Agriculture sector by providing common facilities for use of Modern Agriculture implements.

Cooperatives in Agriculture and allied sectors such as Dairy, Fisheries, Sericulture, Animal Husbandry and Horticulture facilitate enhanced livelihoods improving production and quality of produce.

Problems:

Low capital base

Lack of awareness of Cooperative spirit on the part of Managing Committees

Undue Politicization of Cooperatives

Absence of network among Cooperatives

Low incidence of IT Technology

Credit facilities offered by the Societies to the farmers are inadequate. Processes are tardy. Share of Cooperatives in Agriculture Credit is low and still declining.

In majority of the societies, Non-Credit services to the farmers are either marginal or absent.

39

PACS(Primary Agriculture Coop Credit Societies) are being viewed as lending institutions supported by Government rather than as structures owned by them. They are not being viewed as Business entities for collective benefit.

Lack of member involvement and participation.

Lack of member confidence in the societies. Members not willing to keep deposits with the society rather prefer Banks for it.

Poor quality of Human Resources.

PACS could not develop into sustainable business entities in spite of the restructuring package.

Best practices:

Agriculture credit societies diversifying their services and providing end to end services to the farmers. e.g., Mulkanoor Society in Karimnagar District providing everything required to the farmers family.

Primary Agriculture Cooperative Societies (PACS) operating on professional and business lines and competing with the private sector units. e.g., PACS operating Petrol Bunks, RO Plants, Rice Mills etc.,

PACS supporting the Government in grain procurement.

PACS preventing distress sale by providing warehousing capacity.

PACS catering to the financial needs of the farmers by providing Gold Loans and other banking services and thus helping in Financial inclusion (functioning like Rural Banks).

Provision of necessary Training and extension services.

Welfare of the members of the society.

Innovations:

1) Conversion of PACS into Multi Service Centres (MSCs)

New initiative of NABARD introduced during 2012-13 aimed at transforming PACS into “One Stop Shop” for all the services

Separate line of refinance from NABARD

Grant assistance for establishment of PDCs (PACS Development Cells)

PDCs established in Mahabubnagar, Nizamabad and Khammam DCCBs

Establishment of Farmer Literacy Centres for PACS.

2) Accreditation of Godowns/Warehouses:

NABARD‟s initiative for facilitating post harvest credit

Provide for meeting immediate cash requirement to farmers and enable them avoiding distress sale

Financing against Negotiable Warehouse receipts was launched first time in the country in Pothangal PACS of Nizamabad district

So far 82 eligible societies have applied for Accreditation out of which 29 PACS have been issued accreditation certificates in the State.

40

3. Greater Role to PACS in grain procurement:

Recommendations:

% of LT loan lending should be increased for higher investment in agriculture sector.

Scale of finance in SAO Loans to be increased.

Infusion of share capital contribution and substantial working capital immediately for taking up diversified activities.

Identifying the Primary Agriculture Coop. Societiesas exclusive nodal agencies at Mandal level for supply of all types of agricultural inputs and for activities of Agros Corporation, Seeds Corporation & Horticulture Schemes.

Identifying the Primary Agriculture Coop. Societiesas nodal agency for MSP operation and supporting with funds and other facilities.

Establishing localized seed processing/production infrastructure at identified PACS.

PACS to be identified as Nodal Agency for Agri- extension activities for Education & Training.

To notify all PACS as Fair Price Shops outlets.

Earmarking of at least 10 Acres of land to each PACS in the Jurisdiction of the Society and at least 1 Acre in the Head Quarters of the Society by the Government, so that necessary infrastructure can be built for converting them into Multi Services Centres (MSC)

Strengthening of infrastructure in the societies. Construction of godowns in Primary Agriculture Coop. Societies for storage of agricultural produce, procurement.

Extending the HR support to the societies

Making the PACS fully computerized and networked.

Rationalization and Re-organisation of PACS so that they are accessible as well as viable.

Establishment of soil testing labs along with technical man power at identified PACS.

Rationalization of 3-tier credit system.

Strengthening Cooperative Education & Training

PACS should also mobilize own resources like Share Capital for taking up non credit activities

Provision of Soft Loan and Grants to encourage the Agricultural Societies

Activities of PACS to be made visible by targeted publicity.

41

Financial Requirement: (Rs. in Crores)

Sl. No

Nature of assistance

Institution to be financed

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Total

1 2 4 6 7 8 9 10

1 Share Capital Contribution refundable

Primary Agriculture Coop. Societies & Dist. Coop. Marketing Societies

22.91 22.91 22.93 22.91 95.70

2 Working Capital

as one time grant

Primary Agriculture Coop. Societies & Dist. Coop. Marketing Societies

167.00 167.00 167.00 0.00 501.00

3

Grant-in-Aid for creation of

storage infrastructure

Primary Agriculture Coop. Societies & Dist. Coop. Marketing Societies

69.31 76.24 83.88 93.11 322.54

4

Grant in Aid (50% as HR Grant)

provisioning for hiring skilled manpower

Primary Agriculture Coop. Societies & Dist. Coop. Marketing Societies

18.60 18.60 18.60 18.60 74.40

5

Grant-in-Aid (Provision of IT

Infrastructure) for creation of IT infrastructure

Primary Agriculture Coop. Societies & Dist. Coop. Marketing Societies

13.81 13.81 13.81 13.83 55.26

6 Grant-in-Aid to be used as Working

Capital

Cooperative Marketing Federation (MARKFED)

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 400.00

7 Grant-in-Aid to

be used as Working Capital

Cooperative Housing Federation (HOUSEFED)

25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 100.00

8

Grant-in-Aid towards

conducting training programs for MC Members and Employees

State Cooperative Union

10.61 10.40 11.44 12.58 45.03

9

Grant-in-Aid for creation of other infrastructure like Agro Processing units & Rice mills

Primary Agriculture Coop. Societies

45.00 45.00 45.00 45.00 180.00

10 Grant-in-Aid for

onward lending to PACS

Telangana State Cooperative Apex Bank Ltd., (TSCAB)

200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 800.00

Total 672.24 678.96 687.66 531.03 2573.93

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2. FISHERIES:

The Fisheries Department is having vast fishery potential under reservoirs, tank and ponds.

There are 78 reservoirs having water spread area of 1.89 Lakh Ha, 35031 tanks having water spread

area of 4.02 Lakh Ha., and 474 ponds having water spread area of 781 Ha., In addition to this 5573

Kms of rivers and canals. The fishermen population of the state is 19.04 Lakh and there are 3732

Fishers Coop. Societies with a membership of 2,39,365.

Vision:

Optimal utilization of natural resources for fish production, promote freshwater aquaculture,

supported by infrastructure and trained manpower.

Mission:

Holistic development of the sector, with focus on enhancement of productivity and production,

self sufficiency in fish seed demand, supply of fish at an affordable price in hygienic condition and

render welfare schemes to fishers.

Resources Water resources

Total Number of reservoirs 78

Water spread area ( ha ) 1.89 Lakh ha. ,

Large > 5000 ha 8 (1.36 Lakh Ha.)

Medium 1000-5000 Ha 17 (0.28 Lakh Ha.)

Small < 1000 ha 53 (0.22 Lakh Ha.)

Total Number of tanks 35031(4.02 Lakh Ha.)

PERENNIAL 438(0.38 Lakh Ha.)

LONG SEASONAL 3212(1.20 Lakh Ha)

Short Seasonal Tanks 31381(2.43) Lakh Ha. ,

Total Number of Aquaculture ponds 474

Area under culture in ponds 781 ha. ,

Productivity 3-4 Tons/ Ha/ year

Govt. Fish seed farms 28 Nos

Private Fish Seed farms 2

Fish Seed production (fry) 1585.00 Lakh

Rivers and Canals 5573 Kms

Fishermen population 19.04 Lakh

Source –District Fisheries Officers

District wise requirement of fish seed

S.No

District

Total no. of water bodies

Total Water spread area in

Ha.

Effective Water Spread

area in Ha

Fish seed requireme

nt (Fry)

Present fish seed

production in the Dist.

Gap

1 Adilabad 6667 76971.00 28545.00 1410.41 75.00 1335.41

2 Hyderabad 1 40.00 20.00 1.00 10.00 -9.00

3 Karimnagar 1843 46584.00 27001.50 1348.9575 625.00 723.96

4 Khammam 2156 40311.29 16732.41 774.4175 66.00 708.42

5 Medak 6082 92575.58 48234.39 955.60 75.00 880.60

43

6 Mahabubnagar 5987 110562.00 41983.75 2099.18 95.00 2004.18

7 Nalgonda 4629 71798.00 38529.00 1799.50 14.00 1785.50

8 Nizamabad 2797 62768.23 39206.61 1160.00 165.00 995.00

9 Ranga reddy 1412 11467.80 5735.40 286.77 50.00 236.77

10 Warangal 3535 78412.47 30706.54 1535.33 410.00 1125.33

Total 35109 591490.4 276694.6 11371.16 1585.00 9786.16

Strategies to meet the fish seed demand in next four years:

Strengthening of existing Govt. Fish Seed Farms

Construction of New Large Scale Fish Seed Farms

Establishment of State Fish Brood Bank

Encouraging the entrepreneurs/fish farmers for construction of Fish Seed Farms in private

sector

Broad areas of improvements

There is a dire need to improve the productivity of water bodies through stocking of fish seed

(advanced fingerlings of 80-100 mm)

There is a need to improve the existing fish seed farms and establish new fish seed farm in

both government and private sectors

To introduce new technologies like Pen and cage culture to increase fish production

To concentrate on modernization of fish markets and establishment of new markets

To encourage mobile fish markets

To take up capacity building of fishers in a big way

Enactment of Telangana State Fisheries Act.

(4) year Action Plan for implementation

It is proposed to strengthen all the existing Govt. Fish seed farm- 28

Establish new fish seed farms in Government and private sector- 20

Establishment of rearing ponds in 100 Ha.,

Establishment of State Fresh Water Fish Brood Bank- One

Introduce new technologies like Pen and Cage culture in reservoirs to increase production-20

Establishment of wholesale markets-10

Establishment of retail markets -100

Establishment of mobile markets – 5000

Capacity building to fishers -10,000

Empowerment of fisherwomen both technically and financially with the help of MS

Swaminathan Research foundation, Chennai

Implementation of welfare schemes such as Group Accident insurance scheme, Savings-cum-

Relief, housing, community halls etc.

44

Targets for fish and prawn production for next (4) years

In tons

Year Fish production Prawn

production Total

2013-14 Achievement 243037 6596 249633

2015-16 Target 288751 7765 296516

2016-17 Target 311851 8386 320237

2017-18 Target 336799 9056 345855

2018-19 Target 363742 9780 373522

Ongoing and New schemes:

Budget projection for 4 years -2015-16-2018-19 under different schemes:

(Rs.. in lakhs)

Name of the scheme 2015-16 2015-17 2017-18 2018-19 Total

Centrally Sponsored schemes 0.00 1368.00 1468.00 1468.00 4304.00

Normal State Plan schemes 5057.63 7704.17 7749.17 7749.17 28260.14

Total of Plan schemes 5057.63 9072.17 9217.17 9217.17 32564.14

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana(RKVY) 400.61 532.10 602.80 618.00 2153.51

National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB) 1110.90 1160.90 1160.90 1160.90 4593.60

GRAND TOTAL 6569.14 10765.17 10980.87 10996.07 39311.25

3. SERICULTURE:

Sericulture in Telangana State is a sustainable farm based economic enterprise positively

favouring the rural poor in the unorganized sector because of its relatively low requirement of fixed

capital, and higher returns at frequent intervals on the investment. It yields regular returns of 4 to 5

times totaling to Rs. 1.00 lakh to Rs. 1.25 lakh, from one acre of mulberry in a year. The soils and

weather is very much suitable for the development of Sericulture. Telangana State has the privilege

of producing (2) types of silk called Mulberry & Tasar.

Vision:

To place Telangana State as one of the leading states in silk production, by meeting domestic requirements first and catering to exports of silk and silk garments later.

To promote sericulture as an alternate and viable option (cash crop) to meet the challenges of agrarian crisis.

To promote as rural livelihoods for employment creation and poverty alleviation through Sericulture and Vanya silk sector.

Mission:

Prioritize production of Bi-Voltine silk.

Improve productivity slowly to 70 kgs per 100 dfls

Improve quality and quantity of Mulberry and Tasar silks.

45

Focus on creation of 8 to10 Clusters and integrate farm and non-farm activities within the Cluster / District for production of Bivoltine Silk.

Leaf to cloth approach for development of Bivoltine silk production in Nalgonda & Mahabubnagar Districts.

The Department adopts Life cycle approach for balanced growth of farmers, reelers and silk weavers.

Eco-friendly production process in Mulberry cultivation to help reduce Climate change.

Strategy:

Sericulture Department is striving to achieve higher productivity through

Area expansion of Mulberry crop

Increased investments

Strengthening of extension efforts through continuous trainings and vigorous publicity.

Technology adoption and adaptations

Cluster approach in pre & post cocoon sectors (i.e. Mulberry cultivation, Silkworm rearing, Silk reeling, Twisting, Weaving sectors)

Providing production incentives and subsidies in pre & post cocoon sectors

Convergence approach for maximizing the results. Linking with MG-NREGS, APMIP, NABARD, RKVY, ATMA, and other schemes.

BROAD AREAS OF IMPROVEMENT:

Sericulture department is striving to achieve higher productivity through:

Area expansion of mulberry crop

Increased investments

Strengthening extension efforts through training and publicity

Technology adoption and adaptations

a. Supply of saplings for all the mulberry plantations

b. Supply of chawkie worms to all sericulture farmers to reduce period and to get higher returns

Establishment of reeling and twisting units to create market

Production incentives and subsidies in pre & post cocoon sectors

Convergence approach for maximizing results. Linking with NABARD, RKVY, ATMA, MG-NREGS, APMIP and other schemes

Formation of community based organizations for development of sericulture

ISSUES AND FOCUS AREAS:

• Area expansion with High Yielding variety.

• Cluster approach in pre & post cocoon sectors (i.e. Mulberry cultivation, Silk worm rearing, Silk reeling, Twisting, Weaving sectors)

• Promotion of Drip Irrigation to all the mulberry fields.

46

• Production of quality Bivoltine silk.

• Development of integrated reeling, twisting & weaving sectors.

• Formation of community based organizations to increase productivity and to strengthen reeling, twisting and weaving etc., (soil to silk).

• Development of Vanya silks, in the field of T.Arjuna plantations, seed organisation, post cocoon sector and modernization of looms.

• Ensuring market tie-up to the produce.

GAPS FOR THE GROWTH OF SERICULTURE:

1. Indiscriminate import of raw silk from China leading to severe fluctuations in cocoon / raw silk prices, need to be curbed.

2. Region specific and season specific high yielding silkworm races suitable for climatic conditions of Telangana State are not evolved.

3. For construction of separate silkworm rearing shed, when material cost was low, subsidy was up to 50%. Now, the material cost is high and subsidy is reduced to 30% from 50%. The subsidy needs to be enhanced.

4. Shortage of technical staff due to large scale retirements in the department since two years.

5. No provision for construction of rearing sheds under MG-NREGS.

Year wise proposed Action Plan (Physical): It is proposed to bring additional area of 14500 acres of mulberry plantation by 2019 with supporting infrastructure. It is envisaged to produce 3480 MTs of B.V. cocoons & 3360 MTs of C.B. cocoons in the state of Telangana.

S. No.

Name of the Scheme/Sector

Area to be covered year

wise. 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

1 Mulberry Plantation 14,5000 acres

2500 3500 4000 4500

2 Non-Mulberry Plantation 500 acres 100 125 125 150

3 Production of Tasar Cocoons (in lakh nos)

220 230 250 260

Year wise proposed Action Plan (Financial) (Rs. in Lakh)

S.No. Name of the Scheme/Sector

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Total

1 Mulberry Sector 2521.38 3132.70 3631.38 4173.45 13458.91

2 Non-Mulberry Sector 206.86 249.66 292.46 335.26

1084.24

3 Innovative Schemes 161.88 123.58 131.09 246.19

662.74

Total 2890.12 3505.94 4054.93 4754.9 15205.89

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The total financial requirement to implement the proposed schemes is Rs. 22333.23

crores from 2015-16 to 2018-19 as given below.

Sl. No.

Department / Agency Financial Requirements (Rs. in Crores)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Total

1 Agriculture 2204.66 2356.92 2525.17 2711.61 9798.36

2 PJTSA University 28.05 8.39 5.02 3.89 45.35

3 Horticulture 718.80 1079.80 1147.30 1205.80 4151.70

4 Horticulture University 918.86 235.89 193.58 212.69 1561.02

5 Animal Husbandry 405.84 455.01 436.77 471.11 1768.73

6 S.P.V.N.R Veterinary University 69.00 52.00 51.00 51.00 223.00

7 Fisheries 65.69 107.65 109.81 109.96 393.11

8 Sericulture 28.90 35.06 40.55 47.55 152.06

9 Cooperation 672.24 678.96 687.66 531.03 2569.89

10 Agricultural Marketing 417.50 417.50 417.50 417.50 1670.00

Total 5529.54 5427.18 5614.36 5762.14 22333.23

***