advertisement sign in journals books advanced search · o bayu dwi apri nugroho, laela nuraini o...
TRANSCRIPT
Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia
Skip to Main content
ADVERTISEMENT
• Sign in
•
• Journals
• Books
--This Journal/
Advanced search
o Strengthening Food and Natural Resources Technology and Policy for
Sustainable Agriculture; Page 1
o Organization; Pages 2-3; Peter Fleischmann, Kyung Min Kim, Seong-Gu
Hwang
o Sustainability Analysis of Potato Farming System at Sloping Land in
Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi; Pages 4-12; Saida, Abdullah, E. Novita, M.
Ilsan
o Effect of Accumulator Plants on Growth and Nickel Accumulation of
Soybean on Metal-contaminated Soil; Pages 13-19; Netty Syam, Tatik
Wardiyati, Muhammad Dawam Maghfoer, Eko Handayanto, Bahtiar Ibrahim,
Aminah Muchdar
o o Fertilization of Nitrogen, Phosphor and Application of Green Manure of
Crotalaria Juncea in Increasing Yield of Maize in Marginal Dry Land;
Pages 20-25; Siti Subaedah, A. Aladin, Nirwana
o o Growth and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum at Medium Plain with
Application of Paclobutrazol and Paranet Shade
o Pages 26-30
o Merlyn Mariana, Jajang Sauman Hamdani
o Physiological Characters of Sugarcane After Flooding Stress
o Pages 31-39
o Sholeh Avivi, Sigit Soeparjono, Slameto, Rizky Arieza Ramadhan
o Rice-field Conversion and its Impact on Food Availability
o A Review on Multi-roles of Women and Their Influence on the Change of
Functional Structure in the Farmer's Household
o Pages 47-53
o Ida Rosada, Nurliani
o Cropping Pattern Scenario based on Global Climate Indices and Rainfall
in Banyumas District, Central Java, Indonesia
o Pages 54-63
o Bayu Dwi Apri Nugroho, Laela Nuraini
o Multiple Release of Two Different Hymenoptera Parasitoid of Leafminer
Fly, Synergy or Competition
o Pages 64-71
o Hari Purnomo, Denis J. Wright
o Entrepreneurship as New Approach to Support National Agriculture
Development Program to Go Self Sufficient Food
o Pages 72-82
o Darmadji
o Exploring Farmer-supplier Relationships in the East Java Seed Potato
Market
o Pages 83-94
o Joni Murti Mulyo Aji
o Institutional Development Model Cocoa Farmers in East Java Province
District Blitar
o Pages 95-102
o Sugeng Raharto
o Determinants of Farmers’ Adoption of Clearfield Production System in
Malaysia
o Pages 103-107
o Rika Terano, Zainalabidin Mohamed, Nur Syuhada Zanul Din
o Solubilization of Potassium Containing Mineral by Microorganisms From
Sugarcane Rhizosphere
o Pages 108-117
o Tri Candra Setiawati, Laily Mutmainnah
o Biophysical Monitoring on the Effect on Different Composition of Goat
and Cow Manure on the Growth Response of Maize to Support
Sustainability
o Pages 118-127
o Yuda C. Hariadi, Arry Y. Nurhayati, P. Hariyani
o The Management Product in the Farmers Level and the Role of
Supporting Institutions for Cocoa Fermentation Process
o Pages 128-133
o Yuli Hariyati
o On the Development of Statistical Modeling in Plant Breeding: An
Approach of Row-Column Interaction Models (RCIM) For Generalized
AMMI Models with Deviance Analysis
o Pages 134-145
o Alfian Futuhul Hadi, Halimatus Sa’diyah
o Effectivity of Humic Substance Extracted from Palm Oil Compost as
Liquid Fertilizer and Heavy Metal Bioremediation
o Pages 146-157
o Sugeng Winarso, Martinus H. Pandutama, Lutfi Dwi Purwanto
o Effects of Si-Fertilizer Application through the Leaves on Yield and Sugar
Content of Sugarcane Grown in Soil Containing Abundant N
o Pages 158-162
o Ketut Anom Wijaya
o AMMI Model for Yield Estimation in Multi-Environment Trials: A
Comparison to BLUP
o Pages 163-169
o Halimatus Sa’diyah, Alfian Futuhul Hadi
o Market Power Analysis of Soybean Commodity In East Java
o Pages 170-180
o I. Ketut Arnawa, Ratya Anindita
o Soil Chemical Properties Index of Tobacco Plantation Land in Jember
District
o Pages 181-190
o Bambang Hermiyanto, Sugeng Winarso, Wahyu Kusumandaru
o Determinants of Paddy Farmer's Unsustainability Farm Practices
o Pages 191-196
o Zainalabidin Mohamed, Rika Terano, Juwaidah Sharifuddin, Golnaz Rezai
o Breeding of The Soybean Varieties, Aged Maturity and Resistant To Rust
Disease
o Pages 197-201
o Moh. Setyo Poerwoko
o Two-steps Utilization of Shorea Wood Waste Biomass for the Production
of Oyster Mushroom and Biogas – A Zero Waste Approach
o Pages 202-208
o Rudianto Amirta, Elisa Herawati, Wiwin Suwinarti, Takashi Watanabe
o Pilot Plant Study of Red Palm Oil Deodorization Using Moderate
Temperature
o Pages 209-216
o Azis H. Riyadi, Tien R. Muchtadi, Nuri Andarwulan, Tri Haryati
o Biodegradability Simulation of Coffee Wastewater Using Instant Coffee
o Pages 217-229
o Elida Novita
o A Portable Low-cost Non-destructive Ripeness Inspection for Oil Palm
FFB
o Pages 230-240
o Muhammad Makky
o Black Tea with Averrhoa Bilimbi L Extract: A Healthy Beverage
o Pages 241-252
o Tuty Anggraini, Firshty Febrianti, Aisman, Sahadi Didi Ismanto
o Raw Material Procurement on Agroindustrial Supply Chain
Management: A Case Survey of Fruit Processing Industries in Indonesia
o Pages 253-257
o Ida Bagus Suryaningrat
o Variety and Characteristic of Processed Food Industry Based on Cassava
o Pages 258-263
o Rita Hanafie, Suwarta, Alfiana
o Improvement of Antioxidant and Immune Status of Atherosclerotic Rats
Adrenaline and Egg-Yolks -Induced Using Cardamom-Rhizome-
Ethanolic-Extract: An Initial Study of Functional Food
o Pages 264-270
o Hery Winarsi, Alice Yuniaty, Indah Nuraeni
o Antioxidative Activities of Various Fractions of Gedi's Leaf Extracts
(Abelmoschus Manihot L. Medik)
o Pages 271-278
o Mercy Taroreh, Sri Raharjo, Pudji Hastuti, Agnes Murdiati
o Effective Transport and Storage Condition for Preserving The Quality of
‘Jiro’ Persimmon in Export Market
o Pages 279-290
o Khandra Fahmy, Kohei Nakano
o Domestication and Nutrient Analysis of Schizopyllum Commune,
Alternative Natural Food Sources in East Kalimantan
o Pages 291-296
o Elisa Herawati, Enos Tangke Arung, Rudianto Amirta
o Antioxidant Activity and Physicochemical Properties of Nicolaia Speciosa
Flower Extract
o Pages 297-303
o Rifda Naufalin, Herastuti Sri Rukmini
o Oxidized Tapioca Starch As an Alginate Substitute for Encapsulation of
Antioxidant from Coffee Residue
o Pages 304-308
o Niken Widya Palupi, Yhulia Praptiningsih
o Water Usage Pattern on Different Group Residing in Vicinity Harapan
Rainforest
o Pages 309-316
o Wahyudi David, Nayu Nuringdati Widianingsih, Ardiansyah, Angelika Ploeger
o Utilization of Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Magnetic Field is as
Alternative Sterilization of Salmonella Typhimurium In Gado-Gado
o Pages 317-322
o Sudarti
o Farmers’Injuries, Discomfort and Its Use in Design of Agricultural Hand
Tools: A Case Study from East Java, Indonesia
o Pages 323-327
o Robertoes Koekoeh K. Wibowo, Peeyush Soni
o The Improvement Lycopene Availability and Antioxidant Activities of
Tomato (Lycopersicum Esculentum, Mill) Jelly Drink
o Pages 328-334
o Novelina, Novizar Nazir, M. Reza Adrian
o The Evaluation of Nutritional Value of Rendang Minangkabau
o Pages 335-341
o Rini, Fauzan Azima, Kesuma Sayuti, Novelina
o Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Jackfruit (Artocarpus
Heterophyllus Lamk.) Seeds Flour Produced Under Fermentation Process
by Lactobacillus Plantarum
o Pages 342-347
o Jayus, Dani Setiawan, Giyarto
o Influence of Secondary Packaging on Quality of Carrots During
Transportation
o Pages 348-352
o Nurjanna Albaar, I. Wayan Budiastra, Yadi Hariyadi
o Enzymatic Synthesis of Bio-Surfactant Fructose Oleic Ester Using
Immobilized Lipase on Modified Hydrophobic Matrix in Fluidized Bed
Reactor
o Pages 353-362
o Chusnul Hidayat, Kholifaturrosyidah Fitria, Supriyanto, Pudji Hastuti
o
o Identification of Problems and Strategies of the Home-Based Industry in
Jember Regency
o Pages 363-370
o Istatuk Budi, W.D. Bhayangkara, Isti Fadah
o Isolation and Hydrolysis Xylan from Soybean Waste with Endo-β-1,4-D-
Xilanase of Bacillus sp. From Soil Termite Abdomen
o Pages 371-377
o Anak Agung Istri Ratnadewi, Wuryanti Handayani, Ika Oktavianawati, Agung
Budi Santoso, Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih
o Antioxidant Activity of Various Kenitu (Chrysophyllum Cainito L.) Leaves
Extracts from Jember, Indonesia
o Pages 378-385
o Indah Yulia Ningsih, Siti Zulaikhah, Moch. Amrun Hidayat, Bambang
Kuswandi
o Endeavoring to Food Sustainability by Promoting Corn Cob and Rice
Husk Briquetting to Fuel Energy for Small Scale Industries and
Household Communities
o Pages 386-395
o Arry Y. Nurhayati, Yuda C. Hariadi, W. Hasanah
o Potential Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Kayu Kuning
(Arcangelisia Flava)
o Pages 396-402
o Lilik Duwi Wahyudi, Anak Agung Istri Ratnadewi, Tri Agus Siswoyo
o Effects of Feeding Diets Containing Azolla Pinnata and Probiotic on the
Growth and Nutritional Content of Patin Fish (Pangasius Djambal)
o Pages 403-410
o Ika Oktavianawati, Dodik Andinata, Alviona Noer Isnaeni, Meirinda
Hermiastuti, Novita Rahmawati, Wuriyanti Handayani, I. Nyoman Adi Winata
o Bioactivity of Essential Oils from Leaves of Dryobalanops Lanceolata,
Cinnamomum Burmannii, Cananga Odorata, and Scorodocarpus
Borneensis
o Pages 411-418
o Harlinda Kuspradini, Agmi Sinta Putri, Edi Sukaton, Tohru Mitsunaga
o Activities Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus sp. to Stimulate Germination
and Seedling Growth of Tomato Plants
o Pages 419-423
o I. Ketut Widnyana, Cokorda Javandira
o Development of Paper Based Sensor for the Determination of Total
Phenolic Content in Green Tea Beverages
o Pages 424-430
o Mochammad Amrun Hidayat, Fadilatul Jannah, Bambang Kuswandi
o A Comparative Study of Non-Dairy Cream Based on the Type of
Leguminosae Protein Source in Terms of Physico Chemical Properties and
Organoleptic
o Pages 431-439
o Dedin F. Rosida, T. Mulyani, L. Reshita Septalia
o Use of Crude Extract Water–Soluble Polysaccharides of Durian (Durio
zibethinus Murr) Seeds as Stabilizer for Pineapple Juice Production
o Pages 440-449
o Herlina, Triana Lindriati, Yhulia Praptiningsih, Cicik Meilinda Suciani
o The Effect of Media Composition and Organic Fertilizer Concentration on
the Growth and Yield of Red Ginger Rhizome (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)
o Pages 450-455
o Sigit Soeparjono
o Rapid Propagation of Virus-free Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) by
Somatic Embryogenesis
o Pages 456-461
o Parawita Dewanti, Laily Ilman Widuri, Firdha Narulita Alfian, Hardian Susilo
Addy, Purnama Okviandari, Bambang Sugiharto
o The Application of Chitosan for Protocorm Like Bodies (PLB) Induction
of Orchid (Dendrobium sp) In Vitro
o Pages 462-468
o Didik Pudji Restanto, Boedi Santoso, Budi Kriswanto, Sigit Supardjono
o Stakeholder Response to the Development Strategy of Sugarcane Dry
Land Agriculture in East Java
o Pages 469-474
o Evita Soliha Hani, Mustapit
o Nucleic Acid and Protein Profile of Bacteriophages that Infect
Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, Bacterial Blight on Soybean
o Pages 475-481
o Hardian Susilo Addy, Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni
o ‘Wader’ (Rasbora jacobsoni) Protein Hydrolysates: Production,
Biochemical, and Functional Properties
o Pages 482-492
o Yuli Witono, Iwan Taruna, Wiwik Siti Windrati, Lailatul Azkiyah, Tri Norma
Sari
o Studies on Bioethanol Production of Commercial Baker's and Alcohol
Yeast under Aerated Culture Using Sugarcane Molasses as the Media
o Pages 493-499
o Jayus, Nurhayati, Ayu Mayzuhroh, Sabrina Arindhani, Charoen Caroenchai
o The Role and Position of Young Coffee Farmers: The Gap between
Generations in the Coffee Business
o Pages 500-509
o Titik Sumarti, Sriwulan Farendian Falatehan
o Genotype Interaction High Production and Early Aged Promising Lines
Soybean with Environment in East Java
o Pages 510-517
o Nurul Sjamsijah, Kuswanto, Bambang Guritno, Nur Basuki
o Quality Evaluation of Wheat-Pedada Fruit Flour (PFF) Biscuit with
Different Emulsifiers ; Pages 518-524; J. Jariyah, Simon Bambang
Widjanarko, Yunianta, Teti Estiasih
o Improving Physical and Chemical Soil Characteristic on Potatoes
(Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivation by Implementation of Leisa System
;Pages 525-531; Yohanes Setiyo, I.B.P. Gunadnya, I.B.W. Gunam, I. Dewa
Gede Mayun Permana, I. Ketut Budi Susrusa, I.G.A. Lani Triani
o The Effort to Increase Waxy Corn Production as the Main Ingredient of
Corn Rice through the Application of Phosphate Solvent Extraction and
Phosphate Fertilizer; Pages 532-537, Edy, Baktiar Ibrahim
o Preliminary Study on Baseflow Separation at Watersheds in East Java
Regions, Pages 538-550, Indarto, Elida Novita, Sri Wahyuningsih
�
Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 9 ( 2016 ) 525 – 531
2210-7843 © 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of IC-FANRes 2015doi: 10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.172
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirectScienceDirect
International Conference on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources, IC-FANRes 2015
Improving Physical and Chemical Soil Characteristic on Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivation by Implementation of Leisa
System
Yohanes Setiyo1*, IBP Gunadnya1, IBW Gunam1, I Dewa Gede Mayun Permana1, I Ketut Budi Susrusa2 and IGA Lani Triani1
1 Faculty of Agricultural Technology,Udayana University 2 Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University
Abstract
The use of compost and N, P, K as fertilizer in LEISA system as an effort to increase the productivity of potato in Bali so that up to 30 tones / ha performed in this study. Compost from chicken and cow dung is used at a dose of 10 to 25 tones / ha. Application of LEISA systems can improve the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil so as to achieve ideal conditions for the cultivation of potatoes. By 2015, the land has the characteristics: porosity of 47 ± 5.1%, the water holding capacity of 40.9 ± 4% w.b, organic matter content of 6.2 ± 1.2%, the cation exchange capacity 25-29 me / 100 g and pH 6.7 to 6.9. Productivity potatoes applied for land LEISA systems over 3 years is 28-34 tones / ha with tuber super quality as much as 11 to 22.2 tones / ha. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of IC-FANRes 2015.
Keywords: LEISA systems, compost, soil physical and chemical properties, the cultivation of potatoes, productivity
* Corresponding author.
E-mail address: [email protected]
© 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of IC-FANRes 2015
526 Yohanes Setiyo et al. / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 9 ( 2016 ) 525 – 531
1. Introduction
The productivity of potato in Bali is 17 tones / ha in 2009, this productivity is less than the target BAPENAS as much as 30 tones / ha (Setiyo et al., 2012). Characteristic of soil in the root zone for cultivation potatoes in District Baturiti are the organic matter content of 3.32%, pH 6.5 to 6.7, 32% porosity and water-holding capacity of 28.7% wet basis (w.b). Farmers use compost and N, P, K as fertilizer to improve the productivity of potatoes. Compost from chicken manure or cow are used more than three years with an average dose 20 tones / ha, so that potato production in 2012 reached 22.5 tones / ha with chemical and biological characteristics of the soil as follows : N-organic = 1.38% ; C-organic = 4.9%; P2O5 = 649 ppm; K2O = 3.43 me / 100 g; Mg = 1.13 me / 100 g; Na = 0.62 me / 100 g; cation exchange capasity = 25.8 me / 100g; C / N = 16.6; pH = 6.8; and microbial populations 10 5.14 cfu (Setiyo et al., 2013).
LEISA system implementation in potato cultivation has been able to alert the process of in-situ bioremediation of pesticide residues. Pseudomonas Luella microbes in the compost decompose organophosphate pesticides with 84% effectiveness (Setiyo et al., 2013; Setiyo et al., 2014).
2. Soil physic characteristic
2.1. Soil texture and structure
The type of soil at potato cultivation in Baturiti is andosol soil, the composition of andosol soil is 55 % sand fraction, 35 % dust fraction and 10 % clay fraction (Arsa et al., 2013). Fertilizing with compost increased the fraction of dust on the soil, because decomposition of the compost is produced minerals constituent of dust produces minerals constituent of dust fractions such as Fe, Cu, Mg, Al, Ca, and Mn ([Setiyo et al, 2007; Arsa et al., 2013). During the cultivation of potatoes, structures or soil in the root zone depth of 0-30 cm is not structured or colloidal amorphous. The process of formation soil aggregates is very difficult, although the decomposition of compost is produced colloidal and enzymes that can assist in the formation of soil aggregates.
2.2. Soil porosity
Table 1. Soil porosity
Parameter Dose of Compost From Chicken Manure (ton/ha) Dose of Compost From Cow Manure (ton/ha)
15 17.5 20 22.5 25 15 17.5 20 22.5 25
Number macro pore ,
%
before potatoes planting 13.5 15.4 15.8 17.1 18.4 3.2 3.4 4.1 4.4 6.8
after potatoes harvesting 13 14.2 15.1 16.3 17.4 2.5 3.1 3.6 4.1 4.6
Number micro pore ,
%
before potatoes planting 39 40.3 42.6 42.9 44.4 31.3 35.7 37.1 37.7 40.2
after potatoes harvesting 37.6 37.7 40.8 41.2 41.8 30.9 34.2 37 37.4 39.8
Total pore
before potatoes planting 52.5 55.7 58.4 60 62.8 34.5 39.1 41.2 42.1 47
after potatoes harvesting 50.6 51.9 55.9 57.5 59.2 33.4 37.3 40.6 41.5 44.4
Swpesific gravity, g/cc
before potatoes planting 1.29 1.27 1.26 1.26 1.24 1.39 1.35 1.32 1.3 1.29
after potatoes harvesting 1.29 1.27 1.26 1.252 1.238 1.388 1.376 1.344 1.312 1.3
527 Yohanes Setiyo et al. / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 9 ( 2016 ) 525 – 531
Soil porosity is presented in Table 1, fertilizing with compost at a dose of 15 to 25 tones / ha and carried out more
than five years can increased soil porosity from 50.6 to 59.2%, this result is very closed to the results of the study by Hicliklenton et al. (2001); Arsa et al. (2013) and Setiyo et al. (2010). Component of chicken manure compost are: rice husks, leftover feed and chicken feces. Chemical elements rice husk is 50% cellulose, 25% -30 lignin and 15-20% silica (Ismail and Waliuddin, 1996), whereas cow manure compost component are: cellulose 15-l6%, l0- 30% hemicelluloses, lignin 5-3%, 5-40% protein, and minerals (ash) 3-5% (Sutanto, 2002). Hemicelluloses, lignin and silica are more difficult to disentangle from the other components, so that this element will increase the number of macro pores in the soil especially in the root zone.
On the cultivation of potatoes, compost decomposition into simple mineral is able to increase the number of pores in the soil macro and micro. Number of microspores for the land that once time is fertilized using cow dung compost at dose 15 – 25 tones/ha was 31.3 - 40.2%, and for the cultivated potato for more than 3 years and given compost from chicken manure at the same dose had a number of micro pores as much as 39 - 44.4%. Total microspores for both types of land as much as 70 - 91.1% of the total amount of soil pores, good soil will have micro pores as much as 60% of the total porosity, so that the soil at Baturiti field was classified as good soil. Soil micro pore number after potato tubers harvested decreased 0.02 to 4.1 %.
On land fertilized with compost chicken manure compost, the relationship between the dose of compost with amount of soil porosity presented by the equation y = 0.953x + 38.95 with r = 0.99, and the equation y = 1.110x + 18:56 with r = 0.97 for the land is fertilized with cow manure compost. The amount of compost in horticultural cultivation is maximum 40% of the volume of soil (Setiyo et al., 2011). The water content of field capacity and permanent wilting point, and the water holding capacity of the soil results from this study are expressed in Table 2. Increasing the number of micro pores in the soil especially in the root zone is followed by an increasing the field capacity moisture content and water-holding capacity. Field capacity moisture content is 30.5 to 40.9% wb and permanent wilting point water content is 8.2 to 9.7% w.b. Micro pores in the root zone can hold water capillary and hygroscopic water, but the macro pores are filled with air. The water content of field capacity for land fertilized using compost from the chicken manure is greater than the land fertilized with composted cow manure (Setiyo et al., 2009; Arsa et al., 2013; Setiyo et al, 2013; Setiyo et al., 2014; Rosen et al., 1993; Giusquiani et al., 1995).
Table 2. Moisture content at field capacity, permanent wilting point, and water availability for plant (Setiyo et al., 2013; and Setiyo et al., 2014)
Parameter of soil moisture content Dose of Compost From Chicken Manure,
(ton/ha) Dose of Compost From Cow Manure (ton/ha)
15 17.5 20 22.5 25 15 17.5 20 22.5 25
Field Capasity Moisture Content, % w.b 31.8 32.0 35.4 37.7 40.9 30.5 33.5 35.3 36.9 38.0
Permanent wilting point moisture content, % w.b 8.2 8.5 8.2 9.7 9.0 8.2 8.5 8.3 8.4 8.4
Water holding capasity, % w.b 23.7 23.6 27.2 28.0 31.9 22.3 25.0 27.0 28.5 29.6
Moisture content at one month after planting, % w.b 15.7 16.6 22.3 23.3 23.7 22.7 24.5 24.6 24.4 26.3
Moisture content at two month after planting, % w.b 15.7 16.6 22.3 23.3 23.7 22.7 24.5 24.6 24.4 26.3
Moisture content at three month after planting, % w.b 15.7 16.6 22.3 23.3 23.7 22.7 24.5 24.6 24.4 26.3
On land fertilized chicken manure compost and cow manure, the relationship between the dose of compost fertilizer with water holding capacity is written with the equation y = 0.832x + 10.24 with r = 0.95 and y = 0.724x + 12, with r = 0, 98. If the dose of compost increased one ton / ha, the water holding capacity of the soil also increased by 0.7-0.8% w.b (Sutedjo, 2002; Setiyo et al., 2009; Arsa et al., 2013; Setiyo et al., 2013; Setiyo et al., 2014; Rosen et al., 1993; Giusquiani et al., 1995).
528 Yohanes Setiyo et al. / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 9 ( 2016 ) 525 – 531
3. Soil chemical characteristic
Characteristics of soil fertility in potato cultivation is shown in Table 3, the number of micro and macro nutrient elements in the soil is influenced by the dose of compost that is used as an organic fertilizer. Fertilizing potatoes with chicken and cow manure compost with dose of 15 - 25 tones / ha can increased the content of organic matter in the soil exceeds 5% with a cation exchange capacity 23.95-29,0 me / 100g and pH 6.7 - 6,92.
Total organic matter in the soil Baturiti District at 2009 was 3.6% and it was increased to 6.2 % at 2015 (Setiyo et al., 2015). Macro nutrients such as C-organic, N-organic, P2O5 and K2O at potato cultivation part is not absorbed by the roots of potato plants, so that after the potato tubers harvested several macro mineral increasing the amount of organic matter at the soil (Arsa et al., 2013).
Organic acids at the compost at neutral pH is accelerated the decomposition process ([15] Sutanto, 2002), demineralization of compost is produced : (1) minerals such as : Mg2+, K+, Al+, Fe+2, Ca2+ and other, (2) energy, (3) H2O, and (4) CO2 (Setiyo et al., 2007). At neutral pH micro and macronutrients are very easily absorbed by the roots of potato plants.
Table 3. Content C-organic, N-organic, P2O5 , K2O, Ca, Mg, Fe, Al and Cation exchange capasity for potato cultivation fertilized by chicken and cow manure compost (Setiyo et al., 2013 and Setiyo et al., 2014)
Parametrs soil fertility at potatoes root zone
Compost of chicken manure fertilized dose (ton/ha) Compost of cow manure fertilized dose (ton/ha)
15 17.5 20 22.5 25 15 17.5 20 22.5 25
Content of C-organic, %
before planting 4.62 4.62 4.83 4.87 4.91 4.2 4.2 4.37 4.23 5.02
after harvesting 4.14 4.74 4.92 5.14 5.53 3.96 4.35 4.41 4.79 5.0
Content of N-organic, %
before planting 0.4 0.43 0.45 0.45 0.46 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.4 0.4
after harvesting 0.25 0.25 0.28 0.29 0.31 0.23 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.35
Content of P2O5, ppm
before planting 786 786 774 792 814.4 840.4 840.4 729.4 802 841.6
after harvesting 611 646.3 683.5 734.4 753.1 248.2 252.2 278.8 314 332.7
Content of K2O, ppm
before planting 500 500 656 666 601.2 429.2 429.2 473.3 477 455.5
after harvesting 148.9 149.9 154.2 1269 1424 155 158.8 163.3 173.5 184.3
Content of Ca mg/kg
before planting 1562 1782 1854 1888 4660 630 1060 1188 1286 1435
after harvesting 1854 2765 3280 4190 4367 2215 8550 9200 11500 17800
Content of Mg, mg/kg
before planting 168 204 208 286 1164 82 123.2 168.2 204 286
after harvesting 208 1915 4365 7650 8350 7.8 125 113.5 264.5 275
Content of Fe, mg/kg
before planting 61.5 120 188 1204 1892 1204 1204 1892 2121 2569
after harvesting 5168 11094 11743 24879 32037 3796 4010 4911 8435 50847
Content of Al, mg/kg
before planting 308 5387 5387 12946 17526 12946 14340 17526 19618 22306
after harvesting 485 2114 2388 4152 5387 387.6 449.4 599 839.6 4959
Soil pH before planting 6.73 6.79 6.81 6.91 6.87 6.7 6.72 6.83 6.9 6.92
after harvesting 6.8 6.82 6.87 6.91 6.9 6.8 6.81 6.84 6.9 6.92
Cation Exchange Capasity, me/100g
before planting 25.3 24.4 23.8 26.19 27.1 23.95 24.89 25.17 27.2 29
after harvesting 17.99 20.7 20.06 21.93 25.73 19.92 21.22 21.3 21.86 25.5
529 Yohanes Setiyo et al. / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 9 ( 2016 ) 525 – 531
4. Potato cultivation in Bali
4.1. Potato growing
Potato is planted at different soil physical properties and fertility at May-August 2015. Soil is fertilized with compost at doses of 15 to 25 tones / ha and it also fostered use of fertilizer N, P, and K at dose of 250 kg / ha. Potatoes are planted on the back of the ridges, the ridges have wide 80 cm, for every ridge planted with two grooves planting, the distance between the grooves is 40 cm and the distance between plants at each plot is 25 cm. Channel with a depth of 25 cm and a width of 30 cm is made between two ridge and the ridge is closed by plastic mulch type HDPE.
Seed potato varieties G3 class granola are used as seed. Potato tubers are used as seed with characteristics: (1) skin damage is less than 2 %, (2) high apical shoots is 0.5-1 cm, (3) tuber weight is 30-60 g, and (4) the power to sprout is more than 97%. The relationship between the old and tall potato plants is described in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Relationship between old of plant and height of potato plant
At week 10 height of the potato plant was 44.69 ± 0.05 cm with diameter 5.5 ± 1.2 mm, this condition can be seen in Fig 1. At the vegetative growth (week 0 – 8), plant growth is linier, but started at week 9 or generative phase the plant growth rate is decreases and potato tubers weight are increasing. Increasing the weight of the potato tuber is presented in Figure 2.
Figure 2. Relationship between doses of compost with increasing tuber
In Figure 2 described a linear relationship between age of the plant with weight of potato tubers. Tuber weight is depending on the dose of compost is used as fertilizer. Dose fertilization using compost more than 20 tons / ha is very efficient for planting potatoes, because the plant produces the number of tubers were 9 ± 2 with average weight of each tuber more than 100 g.
530 Yohanes Setiyo et al. / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 9 ( 2016 ) 525 – 531
4.2. Potato production
The relationship between age LEISA system implementation, the dose of compost used and potato productivity is presented in Figure 3. Increasing the dose of compost followed by increasing the production of each crop and each unit area, the highest production achieved at a dose of fertilizer is 25 tones / ha for the application of the system LEISA more 3 years. The land is able to produce potatoes as much as 33 ± 1.3 tones / ha or 1303 ± 105 g / tree, and each plant produces 11 ± 2 potato tubers. Soil fertility, soil physical properties and the microclimate at the time of system implementation LEISA is optimal for growth of the potato crop.
Figure 3 Relation between dose fertilizer with potatoes production
If the dose of fertilizer increased, the potato production will increase too. The relationship dose used of compost with total production of potatoes for the application of system more than three LEISA written with the equation y = 0.584x + 19.14 with r = 0.94 and for land newly implemented system LEISA that relationship written with the equation y = 0.244x + 14.54 with r = 0, 79. LEISA system was applied for 3 years on the cultivation of potatoes was enough to improve the physical properties and fertility of the soil in the root zone (Setiyo et al., 2013; Setiyo et al., 2014).
LEISA system application by farmers Baturiti is increased production from 17 tones / ha (2010) (Supartha et al., 2012) into: (1) 22 ± 1.6 tones / ha in 2011th (Setiyo et al., 2012), (2) 25 ± 2.1 tones / ha in 2012th (Arsa et al., 2013) (3) 29.2 ± 2.6 tones / ha in 2014th (Setiyo et al., 2014), and (4) 33 ± 1.3 tones / ha in 2015th. Seed potato varieties granola class G3, G4 and G5 are used by farmers, these seeds have been certified by the government. Potato is planted by farmers in the dry season or April to October every year.
Table 3 Potatoes production at field that implementation LEISA System
Parameters Productivity of potatoes at new field that fertilizing with compost
Productivity of potatoes at field that fertilizing with compost along 3 years
15 17,5 20 22,5 25 15 17,5 20 22,5 25
Total production each plant, g 531 742 757 757 531 1088 1100 1125 1225 1303
Total production, ton/ha 14 19.6 20 20 14 28.7 29 29.7 32.3 34.3
Number potatoes, tuber/plant 9.4 10.9 8.6 8.6 9.4 10.8 14.3 11.1 12.2 15.9
Super (Weight > 200 g), % 3.1 11.4 9.1 0 3.8 11 12.5 17 19.8 22.2
A (Weight 100 – 200 g), % 45.7 49.2 56.8 48.2 29.4 64.7 55.6 44.2 53.3 47.6
A/B (Weight 61 – 100 g), % 32.7 25.4 19.1 25.4 31.9 20.5 21.3 27.6 18.1 15.5
B (Weight 30 – 60 g), % 15.3 10.2 10.7 21.6 25.3 4.5 7.9 8.6 6.8 9.3
Small Class (Weight < 30 g), % 3.2 3.8 4.3 4.9 13.4 2.2 2.8 2.7 2 5.4
Application of LEISA systems is capable to improving the productivity and quality of potato, this is illustrated in Table 4. Implementation of LEISA systems over three years are able to produce potatoes as much as 28-34 tonnes / ha. On land newly implemented system LEISA amount of potatoes super class is 0 to 11.4 % and for land applied
531 Yohanes Setiyo et al. / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 9 ( 2016 ) 525 – 531
with LEISA systems for more than three years super class of potatoes is 11 to 22.2%. Soil organic matter content more than 6%, the cation exchange capacity from 21.90 to 29.00 me / 100 g, neutral soil pH and soil porosity of more than 50% are the optimal conditions for the cultivation of potatoes.
5. Conclusion
LEISA system implementation in potato cultivation improve soil porosity amount approaching ideal conditions, so that the capacity of the soil in the root zone hold water available for plants to grow for 15-21 days in the dry season cultivation. For the rainy season, soil porosity and drainage channels are made to work optimally, so that soil erosion and leaching of minerals in the root zone can be minimized.
Chicken manure and cow manure compost is used in the cultivation of potatoes with a dose 15-25 ton / ha increased total organic matter content, so the status of the soil is very fertile with organic matter is more than 5% and the cat ion exchange capacity is 25-29 me / 100 g. Physical and chemical characteristics of the soil for the application of the system LEISA more than three years are able to produce potatoes as much as 28-34 tones / ha with potatoes super class is 11 to 22.2%.
References
Arsa, W., Setiyo, Y., Nada, I.M., 2013. Assessment Relevance Psikokimia properties Land On Potato Quality and Productivity. Thesis FTP Udayana University. Badung-Bali.
Giusquiani, P.L., Pagliai, M., Gigliotti, G., Businelli, D., Benetti, A.. 1995. Urban Waste Compost: Effect On Physical, Chemical and Biological Soil Properties. J. Environ. Qual. 24, 175 – 182.
Hicklenton, P.R., Rodd, V., Warman, P.R., 2001. The Effectiveness and Consistency of Source-Separated Municipal Solid Waste and Bark Composts As Components of Container Growing Media. Scientia Horticulture 91(3-4), 365-378
Ismail, M.S., Waliuddin, A.M., 1996. Effect of Rice Husk Ash on High Strength Concrete. Construction and Building Materials 10(1), 521–526 Rosen, C.J., Halbach, T.R., Swanson, B.T.,1993. Horticultural Uses of Municipal Solid Waste Composts. J. Cortt. Technol. 3(2), 167–173 Setiyo, Y., Hadi, K.P., Subroto, M.A., Yuwono, U.S.A., 2007. Development of Simulation Model of Urban Organic Waste Composting Process.
Journal of Graduate Forum 30(1), 1-12 Setiyo, Y. 2009. Application of Municipal Solid Waste Compost As Organic Fertilizer To Increase Productivity Red Ginger. Proceeding the
National Basic Science Seminar VI February 21, 2009 Brawijaya University, Malang. Setiyo, Y., Suparta, U., Tika, W., Gunadya, I,B,P., 2010. Bioremediation In-Situ In Contaminated Soil Microbial Pesticides Group Mankozeb
With Several Types of Compost. National Seminar Perhorti, Udayana University. Setiyo, Y., Suparta, U., Tika, W., Gunadya, I.B.P., 2011. Optimasi Process In in-Situ Bioremediation On Pesticide Contaminated Land Land
Mankozeb Group. Journal of Industrial Technology 12(1), 53-58. Setiyo, Y. 2011. In-situ bioremediation process for pesticide residual by microbe on compost. Proceeding the Excellence Research Udayana
University. Setio, Y., et al. 2012. Optimation Potato Granola Variety By Implementation Plastic Mulsa and In-situ Bioremediation. Proceeding Seminar
Perteta 439-446 Setiyo, Y., Sumiyati, I.B.W.G., Manurung, M., 2013. Optimizing Productivity of Seed Potato Variety Granola G3 With Manipulation Dose of
Fertilization. Proceeding Karya Anak Bangsa Udayana University 94 - 102. Setiyo, Y., Sumiyati, I.B.W.G., Manurung, M., 2014. Study the Microbial Population on In-Situ Bioremediation Process At The Cultivation
Potatoes. Proceedings SENASTEK 2014 Supartha U., Setiyo, Y., Sususra, I.K.B., Gunadnya, I.B.P., Astarini, I.A., 2012. Development Agricultural Business to Support Product
Competitiveness in the Global Market Through Partnership Universities, Employers and Local Government. Hi-Link report 2010-2012, Udayana University. Denpasar
Sutanto, R. 2002. Application of Organic Agriculture. Publisher Kanisius. Yogyakarta. Sutedjo, M.M., Kartasapoetra, A.G., 1991. Introduction to Soil Science. Rineka Cipta, Jakarta.
IC-Fanresby Yohanes Setiyo
FILE
TIME SUBMITTED 02-FEB-2016 09:56AM
SUBMISSION ID 626675406
WORD COUNT 3253
CHARACTER COUNT 16491
POTATOES_PUBLICATION_ON_JEMBER_INTERNATIONAL_SEMINAR.PDF (206.39K)
22%SIMILARITY INDEX
7%INTERNET SOURCES
5%PUBLICATIONS
20%STUDENT PAPERS
1 9%
2 9%
3 2%
4 1%
5 <1%
6 <1%
7 <1%
IC-FanresORIGINALITY REPORT
PRIMARY SOURCES
Submitted to iGroupStudent Paper
Submitted to Udayana UniversityStudent Paper
Zoes, V.. "Growth substrates made from duckexcreta enriched wood shavings and source-separated municipal solid waste compost andseparates: physical and chemicalcharacteristics", Bioresource Technology,200105Publicat ion
library.wrds.uwyo.eduInternet Source
sebambanenamtanahbumbu.blogspot.comInternet Source
res.agr.caInternet Source
Microbiology of Composting, 2002.Publicat ion
8 <1%
EXCLUDE QUOTES OFF
EXCLUDEBIBLIOGRAPHY
OFF
EXCLUDE MATCHES OFF
lgmacweb.env.uea.ac.ukInternet Source