Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528

Instructor: Dr. Nese OrbeyOffice: Engineering Building 304

Office Phone: 978-934-3141E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu

Office hours: TBD

Pressurized Water Reactor

Boiling Water Reactor

PEM Fuel Cell

Transport Phenomena

• Fluid dynamics - transport of momentum • Heat transfer - transport of energy• Mass transfer - transport of mass of various

chemical species

Why study these three phenomena together?

• Occur simultaneously• Basic equations are similar solution “by

analogy”• Molecular mechanisms are very closely

relatedViscosity, μthermal conductivity, kDiffusivity, D

APPROACH

1. Understand the system; conceptualize

2. Apply fundamental laws Determine constitutive equations Determine boundary conditions

3. Solve the equations with boundary conditions

4. Interpret physically

Mathematical FormulationFundamental Physical Principles (Basic concepts)• Conservation of mass• Conservation of chemical species• Conservation of momentum• Conservation of energy

Inventory EquationsRate in –Rate out+ Rate of generation = Rate of

accumulation

Constitutive Equations• Newton’s Law of viscosity• Fourier’s Law • Fick’s Law

Levels of Transport Phenomena

• Macroscopic Level• Microscopic Level• Molecular Level

Sir Isaac Newton1642-1727 Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier

1768 – 1830

Transport Coefficients For low Density Gases

Kinetic theory of gases

•Molecules are rigid and spherical

•No interaction between molecules

Equation 1-4-9

m:mass

d:diameter

K:Boltzman constant

Molecular InteractionsChapman -Enskog TheoryForce of attraction is related to the potential energy

Lennard-Jones potentialEquation 1.4-10

σ:collision diameterε: energy of interaction

Ωμ : f(KT/ε)

Appendix E Table E.2