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Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: [email protected] Office hours: TBD

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Page 1: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528

Instructor: Dr. Nese OrbeyOffice: Engineering Building 304

Office Phone: 978-934-3141E-mail: [email protected]

Office hours: TBD

Page 2: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

Pressurized Water Reactor

Page 3: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

Boiling Water Reactor

Page 4: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

PEM Fuel Cell

Page 5: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

Transport Phenomena

• Fluid dynamics - transport of momentum • Heat transfer - transport of energy• Mass transfer - transport of mass of various

chemical species

Page 6: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

Why study these three phenomena together?

• Occur simultaneously• Basic equations are similar solution “by

analogy”• Molecular mechanisms are very closely

relatedViscosity, μthermal conductivity, kDiffusivity, D

Page 7: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

APPROACH

1. Understand the system; conceptualize

2. Apply fundamental laws Determine constitutive equations Determine boundary conditions

3. Solve the equations with boundary conditions

4. Interpret physically

Page 8: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

Mathematical FormulationFundamental Physical Principles (Basic concepts)• Conservation of mass• Conservation of chemical species• Conservation of momentum• Conservation of energy

Inventory EquationsRate in –Rate out+ Rate of generation = Rate of

accumulation

Constitutive Equations• Newton’s Law of viscosity• Fourier’s Law • Fick’s Law

Page 9: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

Levels of Transport Phenomena

• Macroscopic Level• Microscopic Level• Molecular Level

Page 10: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

Sir Isaac Newton1642-1727 Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier

1768 – 1830

Page 11: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

Transport Coefficients For low Density Gases

Kinetic theory of gases

•Molecules are rigid and spherical

•No interaction between molecules

Equation 1-4-9

m:mass

d:diameter

K:Boltzman constant

Page 12: Advanced Transport Phenomena 10.528 Instructor: Dr. Nese Orbey Office: Engineering Building 304 Office Phone: 978-934-3141 E-mail: Nese_Orbey@uml.edu Office

Molecular InteractionsChapman -Enskog TheoryForce of attraction is related to the potential energy

Lennard-Jones potentialEquation 1.4-10

σ:collision diameterε: energy of interaction

Ωμ : f(KT/ε)

Appendix E Table E.2

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