Advanced Power Systems for EnhancedAdvanced Power Systems for EnhancedCapability and Fuel EconomyCapability and Fuel Economy

Captain Lynn Petersen, USNPMS 320Deputy Director5 May 2011

Agenda

• Fuel and Capability : Navy Leadership Perspective

• The Situation

• War Fighting Needs Drives Power Systems

• The Problem

• Technology Similarity: Land and Sea

• The Challenge: Irregular Sources and Loads

• The Solution

• Technology Approach

• Conclusions

• Acknowledgments

“remove barriers that willinhibit our ability to getenhanced capability intothe hands of our Sailorsquickly”

“increase our energysecurity and operationaleffectiveness byreducing our reliance onfossil fuels”

“simply rely too muchon...depleting stocks offossil fuels...”

“goal has got to beincreased warfightingcapability”

“in every case, adoptionof new energy tech hasled to a strategicadvantage for thecountry”

“We’re roughly twopercent of all the oil thatis consumed in the UnitedStates. We ought to moveahead, and it isn’t just themilitary that has to[change], we all have todo it, but the military canserve as an earlyadopter.”

Fuel and Capability –Leadership Perspective

The Situation

Consumption reductioncritical to controlling costand maintaining capabilityin light of new loadrequirements.

Energy is a substantialAnd growing cost element

5

Looking Forward

New RADARsNew RADARsLASERsLASERs

RailgunsRailguns

Insatiable appetite for powerInsatiable appetite for powerand coolingand cooling

How do you address this on bothcurrent and future platforms?

Not like this…

Executing the NGIPS Technology Development Roadmap Paramount

New threats and technology development are leadingto better and more power hungry solutions in sensorsand weapons.

Courtesy of Mr. Dwight Alexander, Northrop Grumman

“Directing the Future of Ships Power”6

Pow

erD

ensi

ty

Navy Now Next Navy Navy After Next

Roadmap defines path for NGIPSdevelopment, provides guidance to Navyand industry developing organizations andforms the basis for coordinated planningand future Navy investments

Medium Voltage, MediumFrequency (MVMF) Systems

Med. Voltage DC(MVDC) Systems

Medium Voltage AC(MVAC) Systems

DDG 51 Flt IIASSN 774

T-AKE 1 CVN 78DDG 1000 LHD 8LHA 6 MLPDDG 51 Flt III

SSBN(X)T-AGOS(X)?DDG 51 Flt III?

FSC ?DDG(X)?LCS(X)?

Low Voltage AC(LVAC) Systems

Next Generation Integrated Power System (NGIPS)Technology Development Roadmap (TDR)

7

Ele

ctric

Pow

erD

eman

d(A

vaila

ble

Pow

er,k

W)

Bal

listic

Mis

sile

Def

ense

(200

0’s)

An

ti-S

hip

Cru

ise

Mis

sile

s(1

940’

s)

Su

rfac

eto

Air

Mis

sile

s(1

950’

s)

Rad

ar&

So

nar

(194

0)

Ele

ctro

mec

han

ical

Gu

nF

ire

Co

ntr

ol(

1930

’s)

AE

GIS

Co

mb

atS

yste

ms

(198

3) AffordabilityGap

Ele

ctri

cL

igh

ts(1

877)

IntegratedArchitectures

TraditionalArchitectures

Gas

Turb

ine

Pro

pu

lsio

n(1

960’

s)

Elim

inat

ion

ofS

team

hea

t(1

990’

s)

Ear

lyE

lect

ric

Pro

pu

lsio

n(1

903

–19

40’s

)

Gea

red

Ste

amTu

rbin

eP

rop

uls

ion

(191

0’s)

Dig

ital

Gu

nF

ire

Co

ntr

ol(

1970

’s)

E/M

Rai

lGun

(202

0’s)

Sm

allL

aser

s(2

010’

s)

FE

L(2

030’

s)

Sol

idS

tate

BM

DR

adar

s(2

010’

s)Integrated Architectures meet requirements at lower costIntegrated Architectures meet requirements at lower cost

Age of Guns Age of Gunsand Missiles

Age of Guns, Missiles, DirectedEnergy & Hypervelocity Weapons

War fightingWar fighting Needs Drive Power SystemsNeeds Drive Power Systems

The Problem

Critical to– National security– Economic growth– Public health & safety

Current/Future demands– Greater reliability/resiliency

• Increased situational awareness• Faster response to faults/failures• Higher intrinsic reliability

– More flexibility• Shift from centralized to market

driven command and control

– Increased energy security• Shift away from dependence on

foreign oil

Critical to– Power projection– Base security & operations– Warfighter health & safety

Current/Future demands– Greater reliability/resiliency

• Increased situational awareness• Faster response to faults/failures• Higher intrinsic reliability

– More flexibility• Shift toward IPS and HED• Shift toward increased automation for

command and control

– Increased energy security• Shift away from dependence on

foreign oil• Reduce risk to Warfighter

8

The Military and National power and energy systems face many of thesame challenges

National Power & Energy Military Power & Energy

Courtesy of Mr. Jim Zgliczynski, General Atomics

Technology Similarity – Land and Sea

9

FSCFSC

At Sea On Land

Technological Needs Are Similar

10

Safe, efficient systemsare critical to adoptionand widespread use

Multiple-rate, highpower/energy systemswith appropriate thermalCharacteristics arenecessary for adoption

Commercial Commercial

Military Military

Forward Operating Bases

Storage at Grids EdgeTransportation

High Rate Weapons & Sensors

Grid Stabilization

Generator Ride ThroughShips

Subs

Aircraft

Vehicles

USN History of Electric Ships:Micro grids Nothing New to the Navy

The US Navy has over 100 years of history designing andoperating shipboard microgrids.

The Challenge: Irregular SourcesAnd Loads

Predicatble Load Erratic Source

Inconvenient Peaking Smoothed, BaseloadEnergy Delivery

High rate and Peaky Loads

The Solution

13

For both Military and the National power and energy systems, therecognized solution is transformation

Architecture– SmartGrid– HVDC Distribution

Technologies– Alternative Energy Sources– Advanced Conductors– Hi-temp Superconductors– Energy Storage– Distributed intelligence &

Smart Controls– Power Electronics

Acceptance/Deployment– Regulatory Framework– Siting & Licensing

• Architecture– IPS– MVAC, MVHF, MVDC

• Technologies– Zonal Distribution– Power Generation Modules– Power Load Modules– Power Distribution Modules– Power Conversion Modules– Energy Storage Modules– Power Control Modules

• Acceptance/Deployment– Technology Insertion &

Engineering Roadmap

National Power & Energy Military Power & Energy

Courtesy of Mr. Jim Zgliczynski, General Atomics

Technology Approach

Advanced Generators With Improved SFC

“Hybrid” Generation and Propulsion Systems

High Efficiency Power Conversion and Electrical Architectures

Optimized Generator Loading

Energy Storage

• Single Generator Operations (ShipwideUPS)

• Generator load optimization/scheduling• Minimization of spinning assets• Terrestrial distributions (microgrids)

• Online storage devices for backuppower

• UPS for protection of sensitive devices• Closed, signature-free energy source

Energy Storage Is An Enabler For…

15

Energy Surety Fuel Savings

Power Quality Advanced Loads• Advanced GTG Transient ridethrough• Load changes outside of design space

for prime movers

• Pulsed applications• Highly transient loads• Cyclic load requirements

Increasing UPS and Batteries

Potential EMRG Load ProfilesPower Quality Surety Under Two-Spool GTG Application

Cur

rent

Sho

rtTe

rm

Med

ium

Term

Long

Term

Partnering for Transformation…

16

DOD/DOECollaborativeDevelopment

Military asEarly Adopter

TechnologyMaturation

CostReduction

CommercialDeployment

GRIDS

ADEPT

Electrofuels

BEETIT

• Flywheels• Flow Batteries• Compressed Air

• SiC power semiconductors• GaN• Advanced Capacitors• Advanced magnetic

materials• DC Link converter

• Building cooling systems

• Direct Solar fuels

BEEST• Vehicle batteries

IMPACCT

Energy Security

Efficient Power & Energy Systems

High Energy & Pulsed Power• Energy storage power system architectures• Energy pulsed power switching and control

• Materials, devices and architectures toincrease efficiency, and power density forplatforms, and reduce weight for personalpower

• Efficient power conversion, switching,distribution, control and thermalmanagement

• Engines, motors, generators and actuators• Electrochemical, thermal and kinetic energy

storage

• Alternative and renewable energy sources• Future logistics tools• Resilient power networks and systems

• Reducing CO2 Emissions

Conclusions

The cross between ever-growing electrical load andever-increasing fuel costs presents a complex issue

Technologies which can reduce consumption andprovide greater power output require specificconsiderations to implement

Smart architectures can support complex loads withenhanced efficiency

Shipboard microgrid architectures have been underconstruction by the Navy for the last 100 years

Coordinated approaches can enable commonalityand commercial application to reduce cost

Acknowledgements

Dr. Timothy McCoy, PMS 320

Dr. John Pazik, ONR 331

Mr. Dwight Alexander, Northrop Grumman

Mr. Jim Zgliczynski, General Atomics

Mr. John Heinzel, NSWCCD-SSES

Mr. Donald Hoffman, ONR 331/NSWCCD-SSES

Mr. John Kuseian, PMS 320/NSWCCD-SSES

Mr. Nathan Spivey, PMS 320/NSWCCD-SSES

QUESTIONS?

BACK-UPS

Growing Sensor and Weapon LoadRequirements

Balancing irregular loads with irregular sources (inconsistent and/or laggingtransient response) presents a controls and architectural problem for both

Shipboard and Terrestrial Microgrids.

US Navy Surface Fleet Energy Storage Vision

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