Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and mental development that occurs between childhood and adulthood. Adolescence (from Latin adolescere, meaning "to grow up")is a transitional stage of physical and psychological human development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority). The period of adolescence is most closely associated with the teenage years, though its physical, psychological and cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.

WHO : period of life between 10 and 19 years.

Adolescence : 10 – 19 years Early Adolescence : 10 – 13 years Middle adolescence : 14 – 16 years Late adolescence : 17 – 19 years Youth : 15 – 24 years Young people :10 - 24 years

Independence is an overarching characteristic of the early teen years

Becoming independent means being more responsible for one’s own safety

Help teens stay safe by teaching them how to avoid violence through good communication skills

Effective communication is the common thread for the Connected Kids early adolescence counseling

F I S T SFighting

Injuries

Sex

Threats

Self-defense

Use this mnemonic as the basis for assessing an adolescent’s risk for involvement in violence. See the Connected Kids Clinical Guide for more details.

There is a direct link between assets and the risk for violence and future success7

Identify and support a teen’s:• strengths• functional abilities• positive relationships with others• connections to groups, role models,

and mentors

Transitioning to independence is a gradual process

Bringing closure to this process is essential Many older teenagers are likely to be

moving out of the home to:• higher education• their own living situation• an entirely new community

This is exciting and stressful for both teen and parent

Increased nutritional needs Calories : boys- 2500-2800 Calories /day

girls- 2200 Calories/dayProtein- 45-60g

Calcium- 1200 mg/day

Iron boys- 12 mg/day

15 mg/day

1. Anorexia nervosa2. Obesity & overweight3. Adolescent pregnancy4. Micronutrient deficiency 5. Emotional problems6. Behavioural problems7. Substance abuse & injuries8. Sexually transmitted infection9. Thinking and studying problems10. Identity problems

HEALTH EDUCATION SKILL BASED HEALTH EDUCATION LIFE SKILL EDUCATION FAMILY LIFE DUCATION COUNSELLING FOE EMOTIONAL STRESS NUTRITIONAL COUNSELLING EARLY DIAGNOSIS & MANAGEMENT OF

MEDICAL AND BEHAVIOURAL PROBLEM

PREVENTION

IMPACT OF ADOLESCENCE:

1) Lack of formal or informal education 2) School dropout and childhood labour 3) Malnutrition and anemia 4) Early marriage, teenage pregnancies 5) Habits and behaviours picked up during adolescence period have

lifelong impact 6) Lot of unmet needs regarding nutrition , reproductive health and

mental health 7) They require safe and supportive environment 8) Desire for experimentation 9) Sexual maturity and onset of sexual activity 10) Transition from dependence to relative independence

Challenges in adolescent

development and health in INDIA:

1. 45% of adolescent girls under nourished2. 20% of adolescent boys under nourished3. Early marriage 26% < 15yrs – girls, 54% <

18yrs4. 20 – 30% adolescent boys sexually active5. 10% adolescent girls sexually active6. 59% adolescents know about condoms7. 49% adolescents know about contraceptives8. 4.5% drug abuse9. 50% of all HIV positive new infections are in

the age group of 10 – 25yrs 10. Adolescent abortion 1 – 4.4millions

Nearly one-sixth of the world population are constituted by adolescents.

Adolescent health is therefore an important component of global health.

Vulnerable group.

The term adolescence is derived from the Latin word “adolescere” meaning to grow, to mature.

It is considered as a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. They are no longer children yet not adults. It is characterized by rapid

physical growth, significant physical ,emotional, psychological and spiritual changes.

Adolescents constitute 22.8% of population of India as on 1st march 2000.

They are not only in large numbers but are the citizens and workers of tomorrow.

The problems of adolescents are multi- dimensional in nature and require holistic approach.

A large number of adolescents in India are out of school, malnourished, get married early, working in vulnerable situations, and are sexually active.

They are exposed to tobacco or alcohol abuse.

Changing lifestyle

Skipping breakfast

Dining outside often

Fast foods

Junk foods

Role of family and environment pivotal in

Character and personality building

Cognitive emotional and attitudinal changes

Seek Individuality Attention and Independence

Peer groups more influential

Peer pressure- addictions

antisocial activities

School Avoidance Separation Anxiety Coping With Chronic Illness Building Social Competence Managing Powerful Peer Personalities Minimizing Family Conflict Working Through Divorce & Separation Avoiding Drug & Alcohol Use Transitioning - High School to College Accepting Imperfection Building Friendships

Conduct and

behavioural disorders

Learning disorders

Anxiety disorders

Teen depression

Juvenile delinquency

Adjustment problems

CONCLUSION:

This adolescent period is hazardous for adolescent health due to absence of proper guidance and counselling.

Family has a crucial role in shaping the adolescents behaviour

They have to ensure a safe, secure, and supportive environment for the adolescents.

Family members in the community to be informed and educated about this problem.

A positive and encouraging attitude has to be developed among the family members and parents.

School teachers should be trained on adolescent health. Community leaders play a vital role on adolescent health

care.

WHO consultation 2001- AFHS piloting under Adolescent District

Health Project Target population- young people

Key elements: Confidentiality Flexibility Well staffed

Information Partnership

approach

THANK YOU !

Debashish Gadnayak,Tathagat Dey,Ashutosh Agarwal,Soumya Ranjan Das,Piyush Pratik Dash,Pallav Bishi,Somesh Shekhar Naik,B.Sai Manohar,Debendra Panigrahi & Satish Nayak