admin memo (2)

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[Type the document title]

IN THE HONOURABLE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

CASE CONCERNING

“Article 136 of t e Co!"tit#tio! of I!$i%& 1'()

Dr* P%+el D#tt%

VERSUS

STATE OF ,HAR-HAND

MEMORIAL ON BEHALF OF THE PETITIONER

A$it+% -#.%r

Se.e"ter /I

Sectio! B

Roll No* 1'0

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

INDE OF AUTHORITIES ...................................................................................................................3-4

a) LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .....................................................................................................3

b) CASES........................... ............................ .......................... .......................... ............................ ..4

c) STATUTES ..................................................................................................................................4

d) BOOKS ..........................................................................................................................................4

STATEMENT OF ,URISDICTION ......................................................................................................5

STATEMENT OF FACTS .......................................................................................................................6

STATEMENT OF ISSUES .......................................................................................................................7SUMMAR2 OF ARGUMENTS ...............................................................................................................8

ARGUMENTS AD/ANCED ..............................................................................................................9-15

PRA2ER . ........................................16

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INDE OF AUTHORITIES

LIST OF ABBRE/IATIONS

1. A.I.R. -- A!! I"d#a R$%&'($'

. A'(. -- A'(#c!$

3. Ed. -- Ed#(#&"

4. $(c. -- E(c$($'a

5. L(d. -- L#*#($d6. O'+. -- O(,$'+

7. %. -- %a $

8. R$. -- R$ $'$"c$

9. R$%. -- R$%&'(

1/. S.C. -- S0%'$*$ C&0'(

11. S.C.R.--S0%'$*$ C&0'( R$c&'d

1 . V&!. V&!0*$

13. U.O.I. -- U"#&" & I"d#a

14. SCC S0%'$*$ C&0'( Ca+$+

15. 2$!- 2$!,#

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LIST OF AUTHORITIES

LIST OF CASES

S&* Ra + S(a($ & a' a"a AIR 199/ SC 1176 )

S S,a'*a T'a"+%&'( V+. :& $'"*$"( O A.;. < O'+. AIR // SC 3 )

S(a($ O A"d,'a ;'ad$+, A"d A"&(,$' V+ N Ra a R$dd A"d O(,$'+ AIR 1967 1458 )

E. ;. R& a%%a V+. S(a($ O Ta*#! Nad0 < A"' 1974 SCR ) 348

a"$=a :a"d,# V. U"#&" O I"d#a 1978 SCR ) 6 1

T. .A. ;a# F&0"da(#&" < O'+. V+ S(a($ & Ka'"a(a=a // ) 8 SCC 481

>a#c,a"d . S(a($ & ?$+( B$" a! AIR 1967 SC 483

:. Sada"a"da" . S(a($ & K$'$!a a"0 SC //76 1966

I+!a*#c Acad$* & Ed". < A"'. +. S(a($ & Ka'"a(a=a < O'+ //3) 6 SCC 697

Ba'#0* C,$*#ca!+ L(d. Vs. C&*%a" La@ B&a'd 197/ SCC ) 774

LIST OF STATUTES AND RULES REFERRED

CONSTUTION OF IN2IA 195/.

LIST OF BOO-S

1. .;. >AIN < S.N. >AIN ;RINCI;LES OF A2 INISTRATIVE LA? 7 T E2ITION

LE IS NE IS /13)

. I.;. ASSE A2 INSTRATIVE LA? 7 T E2ITION EASTERN BOOK CO ;AN

//8)

3. .;.>AIN IN2IAN CONSTITUTIONAL LA? 6T E2. LE IS NE IS

BUTTER?ORT S ?A2 A?A NA:;UR /1/)

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STATEMENT OF ,URISDICTION

T,$ ;$(#(#&"$' ,a+ $ &=$d (,$ 0'#+d#c(#&" & (,$ ,&"&0'ab!$ S0%'$*$ C&0'( 0"d$' A'(#c!$136 & (,$ C&"+(#(0(#&" & I"d#a a '#$ $d b (,$ &'d$' & (,$ # , C&0'( @,#c, ,a+ ca0+$d '$a(

#" 0+(#c$ (& (,$ %$(#(#&"$'.

A'(#c!$ 136 & (,$ c&"+(#(0(#&" & I"d#a +a +D

136* S eci%l le%4e to % e%l 5+ t e S# re.e Co#rt*

1) N&(@#(,+(a"d#" a" (,#" #" (,#+ C,a%($' (,$ S0%'$*$ C&0'( *a #" #(+ d#+c'$(#&" 'a"(

+%$c#a! !$a $ (& a%%$a! '&* a" 0d *$"( d$c'$$ d$($'*#"a(#&" +$"($"c$ &' &'d$' #" a" ca0+$

&' *a(($' %a++$d &' *ad$ b a" c&0'( &' ('#b0"a! #" (,$ ($''#(&' & I"d#a.

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St%te.e!t of F%ct"

2'.;a a! 20((a ;$(#(#&"&'.

S(a($ & >,a'=,a"d R$+%&"d$"(

T,$ etitio!er7Dr* P%+el D#tt%8 '0"+ Sa'a+@a(# V#d a a"d#' SV ) &"$ & (,$ %'$*#$'

$d0ca(#&"a! #"+(#(0($ a( Ra"c,# &' +$c&"da' $d0ca(#&"

O" / (, a'c, //8 +(a($ !$ #+!a(# $ a++$*b! %a++$d >,a'=,a"d ;'# a($ < S$! #"a"c#"

Ed0ca(#&"a! S$( 0% Ac( //8G #*%&+#" +$ $'a! '$+('#c(# $ *$a+0'$ &' $+(ab!#+,#" & # ,

Sc,&&!+ =#"d$' a'($" +c,&&!+ a"d ;'#*a' +c,&&!+ #" (,$ +(a($

S$c(#&" 35 & +a#d Ac( $*%&@$'+ S(a($ & $'"*$"( (& '$ 0!a($ a"d #H (,$ $$+ & $d0ca(#&"a!

#"+(#(0(#&"+ a"d S$c(#&" 43 %'& #d$+ (,a( +(a($ & $'"*$"( *a $*%&@$' d#+('#c( ad*#"#+('a(#&"

&' d#+('#c( $d0ca(#&"a! a0(,&'#(#$+ (& 'a*$ a%%'&%'#a($ '0!$+ (& '$ 0!a($ $$+ #" %'# a($

$d0ca(#&"a! 0"#(+.

O" 31 +( a'c, /1/ +(a($ & $'"*$"( *ad$ a a $(($ "&(# #ca(#&" & # , Sc,&&! C&"('&! &

F$$+) R0!$+ /1/G a%%!#cab!$ (& (,$ #"+(#(0(#&"+ @,#c, a'$ #*%a'(#" $d0ca(#&" '&* c!a++ V (&

c!a++ #" +$! #"a"c#" ba+#+. T,$ R0!$ 7 & "&(# #ca(#&" +a#d (,a( (,$ 2#+('#c( Sc,&&! B&a'd #+

(,$ c&*%$($"( a0(,&'#( (& $Ha*#"$ '$ 0!a($ a"d #Ha(#&" & !#*#(+ & $d0ca(#&" $$+ & +c,&&!+.

A "$@ c,a#'%$'+&" 2'. &0+0*# :0%(a @a+ a%%"($d b S(a($ :& $'"*$"( &" 1 S$%($*b$'

/1 @,& @a+ a '# a! & (,$ %$(#(#&"$' (& (,$ b&a'd.

O" $' "$H( da +,$ #++0$d a N&(#c$ (& a!! (,$ %'# a($ a"d +$! #"a"c#" +$c&"da' +c,&&! &

Ra"c,# (& +0b*#( (,$#' $$+ +('0c(0'$. O" 15 (, S$%($*b$' /1 &"$ "&(# #ca(#&" @a+ c#'c0!a($d (&

a!! (,$ +$c&"da' +c,&&!+ (,a( "& #"+(#(0($ ca" c,a' $ *&'$ (,a" R+ 1/ /// a+ d$ $!&%*$"(a! $$+'&* a" +(0d$"( & c!a++ V (& .

O" / (, S$%($*b$' 2'. 20((a & SV #!$d &"$ @'#( %$(#(#&" b$ &'$ >,a'=,a"d # , C&0'( &'

#&!a(#&" & a'(#c!$ 14 19 ) a"d 1 & c&"+(#(0(#&" @#(, c&"+(#(0(#&"a! a!#d#( & +(

& $'"*$"( R0!$+ a"d "&(# #ca(#&" & 2#+('#c( Sc,&&! B&a'd @,#c, @a+ d#+*#++$d.

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STATEMENT OF ISSUES

9 et er t e !otific%tio! $%te$ 31 "t M%rc :)1) %!$ 1( t Se te.5er :)1: of t e "t%te

;o4er!.e!t %!$ Di"trict Sc ool Bo%r$ re" ecti4el+ 4iol%te" %rticle 1

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SUMMAR2 OF ARGUMENTS



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ARGUMENTS AD/ANCED



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T,$ %'$+$"( ca+$ d$a!+ @#(, $Hc$++# $ $H$'c#+$ & d#+c'$(#&" @,#c, #+ a'b#('a' a!a F#d$ a"d

0"'$a+&"ab!$.

Ar5itr%r+ %ctio! T,$ $H%'$++#&" a'b#('a'#! *$a"+D #" a" 0"'$a+&"ab!$ *a""$' a+

#H$d &' d&"$ ca%'#c#&0+! &' a( %!$a+0'$ @#(,&0( ad$J0a($ d$($'*#"#" %'#"c#%!$ "&( &0"d$d #"(,$ "a(0'$ & (,#" + "&"-'a(#&"a! "&( d&"$ &' ac(#" acc&'d#" (& '$a+&" &' 0d *$"( d$%$"d#"

&" (,$ @#!! a!&"$. A +(a(0($ *a $H%'$++! *a=$ d#+c'#*#"a(#&" b$(@$$" %$'+&"+ &' (,#" + &'

*a c&" $' %&@$' &" a" a0(,&'#( (,a( @&0!d b$ #" a %&+#(#&" (& d& +&. O #c#a! a'b#('a'#"$++ #+

*&'$ +0b $'+# $ & (,$ d&c('#"$ & $J0a!#( (,a" +(a(0(&' d#+c'#*#"a(#&". I" '$+%$c( & a +(a(0(&'

d#+c'#*#"a(#&" &"$ ="&@+ @,$'$ ,$ +(a"d+ b0( (,$ @a"d & & #c#a! a'b#('a'#"$++ ca" b$ @a $d #"

a!! d#'$c(#&"+ #"d#+c'#*#"a($! 3. I( #+ "&@ (&& @$!!-+$((!$d (,a( $ $' S(a($ ac(#&" #" &'d$' (&

+0' # $ *0+( "&( b$ +0+c$%(#b!$ (& (,$ #c$ & a'b#('a'#"$++ @,#c, #+ (,$ c'0H & A'(#c!$ 14 & (,$

C&"+(#(0(#&" a"d ba+#c (& (,$ '0!$ & !a@ (,$ + +($* @,#c, & $'"+ 0+. A'b#('a'#"$++ #+ (,$ $'

"$ a(#&" & (,$ '0!$ & !a@. Sa(#+ ac(#&" & (,#+ ba+#c ($+( #" $ $' S(a($ ac(#&" #+ +#"$ J0a !#&" (&

#(+ a!#d#( a"d #" (,#+ '$+%$c(M (,$ S(a($ ca""&( c!a#* c&*%a'#+&" @#(, a %'# a($ #"d# #d0a! $ $"

#" (,$ #$!d & c&"('ac(. I (,$ ac(#&" c&*%!a#"$d & #+ a'b#('a' d#+c'#*#"a(&' #''a(#&"a!

0"'$a+&"ab!$ &' %$' $'+$ #( ca" b$ +$( a+#d$ #" $H$'c#+$ & %&@$' & 0d#c#a! '$ #$@. I"BARIUM

CHEMICALS LTD* Vs. COMPAN2 LA9 BOARD < &'*a(#&" & &%#"#&" b (,$ C$"('a!

:& $'"*$"( @a+ ,$!d a'b#('a' a"d 0"'$a+&"ab!$. A+ !a#d d&@" #" E* P* RO2APPA Vs.

STATE OF TAMIL NADU ANR( (,$ +@$$% & A'(#c!$ 14 c& $'+ a!! +(a($ ac(#&". N&"

a'b#('a'#"$++ a"d a#'"$++ a'$ (,$ (@& #**&b#!$ a"d 0"a!($'ab!$ c&'"$'+(&"$ & a !$ a! b$,a #&0'

ba+$!#"$. E $' ac(#&" $ $" a c,a" $ & %&!#c #" a" '$a!* & +(a($ ac(# #( ,a+ (& b$ #" &'*$d

a#' a"d "&" a'b#('a' . I( #+ "&@ @$!!-+$((!$d a+ a '$+0!( & (,$ d$c#+#&"+ & (,#+ C&0'( #" a"d (,$

d$c#+#&"+ & (,#+ C&0'( #" E. ;. Ra a%%a . S(a($ & Ta*#! Nad0 +0%'a) a"dMANE-A GANDHI

2 I" S S,a'*a T'a"+%&'( Vs. :& $'"*$"( O A.;. < O'+. AIR // SC 3 )

3 S(a($ O A"d,'a ;'ad$+, A"d A"&(,$' Vs Na!!a Ra a R$dd A"d O(,$'+ AIR 1967 1458 )

4 197/ SCC ) 774

5 1974 SCR ) 348

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Vs. UNION OF INDIA 6 (,a( A'(. 14 +('#=$+ a( a'b#('a'#"$++ #" S(a($ ac(#&" a"d $"+0'$+ a#'"$++

a"d $J0a!#( & ('$a(*$"(. A'(#c!$ 14 & (,$ C&"+(#(0(#&" 0a'a"($$+ $J0a!#( b$ &'$ !a@ b0( (,$

c&0'(+ ,a $ %$'*#(($d '$a+&"ab!$ c!a++# #ca(#&" (& b$ *ad$. ?,$'$ (,$ !a@ #+ a!#d 0"d$' (,$

a'(#c!$ a d#+c'#*#"a(&' ac(#&" @&0!d +(#!! b$ #&!a(# $ & (,$ $J0a!#( c!a0+$.

I" (,#+ %a'(#c0!a' ca+$ (,$ d#+c'$(#&" $H$'c#+$d b (,$ +(a($ & $'"*$"( a"d (,$ b&a'd #+ $'

*0c, a'b#('a' a+ (,$ +(a($ & $'"*$"( *ad$ a a $(($ "&(# #ca(#&" #" '$+%$c( & &"! # ,

Sc,&&!+ a"d a!! %'# a($ a"d +$! #"a"c#" +$c&"da' +c,&&! &"! . ?,$'$a+ (,$ B&a'd

+0b+$J0$"(! #++0$d "&(#c$ (& &"! (,$ ,# ,$' +$c&"da' +c,&&!+ #" Ra"c,# (& +0b*#( (,$#' $$

+('0c(0'$ a"d +0b+$J0$"(! a!! ,# ,$' +$c&"da' +c,&&!+ @$'$ ba''$d '&* c,a' #" a $$+ & $'

R+. 1/ /// @,$'$a+ +c,&&!+ #" &(,$' c#(#$+ @,#c, a'$ +$! #"a"c$d a"d %'#*a' +c,&&!+ =#"d$'

a'd$"+ a'$ a!! * +($'#&0+! ab+$"( #" b&(, (,$ "&(# #ca(#&" #++0$d b (,$ +(a($ a"d (,$ b&a'd

@,#c, #+ a" 0" a#' ('$a(*$"( (& (,$ ( %$ & +c,&&!+ '0" b (,$ %$(#(#&"$'. T,$ +(a(0(&' %0'%&+$

@a+ (& '$ 0!a($ c&"('&! a"d *&"#(&' a!! (,$ +$! #"a"c#" a"d %'# a($ $d0ca(#&"a! a"d &ca(#&"a!

($ac,#" #"+(#(0($+ a"d #*%&+#" +$ $'a! '$+('#c(# $ *$a+0'$ &' $+(ab!#+,#" & # , Sc,&&!+

=#"d$' a'($" +c,&&!+ a"d ;'#*a' +c,&&!+ #" (,$ +(a($ b0( (,$ "&(# #ca(#&" #+ +%$c# #ca!!

a%%!#cab!$ (& +$c&"da' +$! #"a"c#" +$c&"da' +c,&&!+ '0" &"! #" Ra"c,# a"d (,$'$ &'$ #+ a"

a'b#('a' ac(#&" & (,$ ad*#"#+('a(#&" @,#c, #+ a c!$a' #&!a(#&" & a'(#c!$ 14 & (,$ I"d#a"

c&"+(#(0(#&".

M%l% fi$e E $' %&@$' *0+( b$ $H$'c#+$d b (,$ a0(,&'#( '$a+&"ab! a"d !a@ 0!! . I( #+(,$'$ &'$ "&( &"! (,$ %&@$' b0( (,$ d0( & (,$ c&0'( (& +$$ (,a( a!! a0(,&'#(#$+ $H$'c#+$ (,$#'

%&@$'+ %'&%$'! !a@ 0!! a"d #" &&d a#(,. I (,$ %&@$' #+ "&( $H$'c#+$d b&"a #d$ (,$ $H$'c#+

& %&@$' #+ bad a"d (,$ ac(#&" #!!$ a!. T,&0 , %'$c#+$ a"d +c#$"(# #c d$ #"#(#&" & (,$ $H%'$++#&"

*a!a #d$G #+ "&( %&++#b!$ #( *$a"+ #!!-@#!! d#+,&"$+( #"($"(#&" &' c&''0%( *&(# $. A %&@$' *a

b$ $H$'c#+$d *a!#c#&0+! &0( & %$'+&"a! a"#*&+#( #!!-@#!! &' $" $a"c$ &' 'a0d0!$"(! a"d

@#(, #"($"( (& ac,#$ $ a" &b $c( &'$# " (& (,$ +(a(0($. F'&* (,$ ab& $ d$ #"#(#&" #( ca" b$ +a#d(,a( *a!#c$ #+ & (@& ( %$+D

EH%'$++ *a!#c$ &' *a!#c$ #" ac(G I*%!#$d &' !$ a! *a!#c$ &' *a!#c$ #" !a@G

a!a #d$+ #&!a(#" %'&c$$d#" + *a b$ ac(0a! &' !$ a!. F&'*$' #+ ac(0a($d b $H('a"$&0+

c&"+#d$'a(#&"+ @,$'$a+ (,$ !a(($' a'#+$+ @,$'$ a %0b!#c a0(,&'#( ac(+ d$!#b$'a($! #" d$ #a"c$ &

6 1978 SCR ) 6 1

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!a@ *a b$ @#(,&0( *a!#c#&0+ #"($"(#&" &' #*%'&%$' *&(# $. I" &(,$' @&'d+ a %!$a & *a!a #d$

#" &! $+ (@& J0$+(#&"+M

#)@,$(,$' (,$'$ #+ a %$'+&"a! b#a+ &' &b!#J0$ *&(# $M a"d

##)@,$(,$' (,$ ad*#"#+('a(# $ ac(#&" #+ c&"('a' (& (,$ &b $c(+ '$J0#'$*$"(+ a"d c&"d#(#&"+ & a

a!#d $H$'c#+$ & %&@$'.G* SADANANDAN Vs. STATE OF -ERELA 0 #+ (,$ b$+( #"+(a"c$ &

ad*#"#+('a(# $ ac(#&" b$#" c,$c=$d &" (,$ '&0"d+ & #( b$#" *a!a #d$ #" "a(0'$. T,$ 2S;

C# #! S0%%!#$+ C$!!) %a++$d a d$($"(#&" &'d$' a a#"+( a =$'&+$"$ d$a!$' &" (,$ '&0"d+ &

&%$'a(#" @#(,&0( a !#c$"+$ a"d d$a!#" #" K$'&+$"$ #!!$ a!! . I( @a+ a!!$ $d (,a( (,$ 2S; @a+

ac(#" *a!a #d$! (& d'# $ (,$ a%%$!!a"( &0( & (,#+ ('ad$ a+ (,$ 2S;G+ b'&(,$' @a+% co. etitor

i! t e "%.e 5#"i!e"" . 20$ (& (,$+$ c&"+#d$'a(#&"+ (,$ c&0'( J0a+,$d (,$ ac(#&". I" ,AICHAND

Vs. STATE OF 9EST BENGAL & (,$ S0%'$*$ C&0'( &b+$' $d (,a( *a!a #d$ $H$'c#+$ &

%&@$' d&$+ "&( "$c$++a'#! #*%! a" *&'a! (0'%#(0d$ a+ a *a(($' & !a@. I( &"! *$a"+ (,a( (,$

+(a(0(&' %&@$' #+ $H$'c#+$d &' %0'%&+$+ &'$# " (& (,&+$ &' @,#c, #( #+ #" !a@ #"($"d$d.

T,$ c,a#'*a" & (,$ b&a'd @,#c, #*%!$*$"($d (,$ +$c&"d "&(# #ca(#&" da($d 15 (, +$% /1 &'d$'

#+ a +(a0"c, '# a! & (,$ %$(#(#&"$' a"d #( #+ "&( a c"c#d$"c$ (,a( &" $' "$H( da & ,$'

a%%"(*$"( +,$ #++0$d a N&(# #ca(#&" (& a!! (,$ %'# a($ a"d +$! #"a"c#" +$c&"da' +c,&&! &

Ra"c,# (,$ ( %$ & +c,&&! '0" b (,$ %$(#(#&"$' @,$'$ c!a++$+ a'$ " &" &' V (& (& +0b*#(

(,$#' $$+ +('0c(0'$. S$c&"d! (,$ %0'%&+$ & (,$ "&(# #ca(#&" @,#c, @a+ #++0$d b (,$ +(a($

& $'"*$"( @a+ &'$# " (& (,$ %0'%&+$ &' @,#c, !a@ @a+ #"($"d$d @,#c, #+ '$ 0!a(#&" & '$+('#c(# $ *$a+0'$ &' $+(ab!#+,#" & # , Sc,&&!+ =#"d$' a'($" +c,&&!+ a"d ;'#*a' +c,&&!+ #"

(,$ +(a($. A%%! #" (,$ +ada"a"d a"d a#c,a"d 0d *$"(+ #" (,$ %'$+$"( ca+$ (,$'$ #+ c!$a' %'&&

& a %$'+&"a! b#a+ a a#"+( (,$ %$(#(#&"$' '&* (,$ +#d$ & (,$ c,a#'*a" & (,$ b&a'd a"d (,$

"&(# #ca(#&" & (,$ +(a($ & $'"*$"( @a+ a!+& a a#"+( (,$ %0'%&+$ &' @,#c, (,$ >,a'=,a"d

;'# a($ < S$! #"a"c#" Ed0ca(#&"a! S$( 0% Ac( //8G @a+ $"ac($d a"d (,$'$ &'$ (,$ ac(#&" &

b&(, %a'(#$+ a'$ *a!a #d$ a"d *0+( +$( a+#d$.

U!re%"o!%5le!e"" - A d#+c'$(#&"a' %&@$' c&" $''$d &" a" ad*#"#+('a(# $ a0(,&'#( *0+( b$

$H$'c#+$d b (,a( a0(,&'#( '$a+&"ab! . I (,$ %&@$' #+ $H$'c#+$d 0"'$a+&"ab! (,$'$ #+ a" ab0+$

& %&@$' a"d (,$ ac(#&" & (,$ a0(,&'#( @#!! b$ 0!('a #'$+. T,$ ($'* 0"'$a+&"ab!$ #+ a*b# 0&0+

7 ANU SC //76 1966

8 AIR 1967 SC 483

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a"d *a #"c!0d$ *a" (,#" + $. . #''$!$ a"( &' $H('a"$&0+ c&"+#d$'a(#&"+ *# ,( ,a $ b$$" (a=$"

#"(& acc&0"( b (,$ a0(,&'#( &' (,$'$ @a+ #*%'&%$' &' c&!!a($'a! %0'%&+$ &' *a!a #d$ $H$'c#+$ &

%&@$' b #( &' (,$'$ @a+ c&!&0'ab!$ $H$'c#+$ & %&@$' b (,$ a0(,&'#( a"d (,$ ac(#&" *a b$ +$(

a+#d$ b c&0'(+. T,$ c&"c$%( & '$a+&"ab!$"$++ a"d "&"-a'b#('a'#"$++ %$' ad$+ (,$ $"(#'$

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T*M*A* PAI FOUNDATION ORS* Vs. STATE OF -ARNATA-A ' #( @a+ !a#d d&@" (,a(

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b$ 0"d$'*#"$d.

) R$+('#c(#&"+ ca" b$ #*%&+$d &"! a( (,$ (#*$ & 'a"( &'$c& "#(#&" &' a #!#a(#&" & (,$#"+(#(0(#&"+ a"d "&( (,$'$a ($'.

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c&"('ad#+(#" 0#+,$d '&* (,$ %&@$' & (,$ S(a($ (& $H$'c#+$ *&'$ c&"('&! & $' 0"a#d$d

#"+(#(0(#&"+ b0( $ $" #" '$!a(#&" (,$'$(& a#d$d #"+(#(0(#&"+ +,&0!d "&( b$ ('$a($d (& b$ @,&!!

&@"$d &' c&"('&!!$d b (,$ S(a($ &' (,$#' 2$%a'(*$"(+. ;a'a+ 55 61 6 < 7 )

T,$ &(,$' #+ (,$ 0d $*$"( d$!# $'$d &" A0 0+( 14 //3 b a c&"+(#(0(#&" b$"c, (,a( #"($'%'$($d

(,$ ;a# F&0"da(#&" 0d $*$"( #" (,$ ca+$ & ISLAMIC ACADEM2 OF EDN* ANR* VS.

STATE OF -ARNATA-A ORS 1) . T,$ c&0'( #" (,#+ ca+$ !a#d d&@" (,a( (,$'$ ca" b$ "&

9 // ) 8 SCC 481

10 //3) 6 SCC 697

13

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#H#" & a '# #d $$ +('0c(0'$ b (,$ & $'"*$"(. Eac, #"+(#(0($ *0+( ,a $ (,$ '$$d&* (& #H #(+

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11 >>>*c5"e*!ic*i! cir;irl*$oc

12 C# #! ?'#( ;$(#(#&" N&. 778 //6)

14

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F#"a!! #" MANE-A GANDHI /* UNION OF INDIA 13 SC ,$!d (,a( A'( 1 @&0!d "& !&" $'

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b A'(. 1. T,$ C&0'( ,a+ "&@ a++0*$d (,$ %&@$' (& ad 0d $ (,$ a#'"$++ a"d 0+("$++ &

%'&c$d0'$ $+(ab!#+,$d b !a@ (& d$%'# $ a %$'+&" & ,#+ %$'+&"a! !#b$'( .

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T,$'$ &'$ (,$ (@& "&(# #ca(#&"+ #++0$d a'$ #&!a(# $ & A'(. 14 19 1/ ) 1 & (,$ c&"+(#(0(#&"

a"d ,$"c$ *0+( b$ +$( a+#d$.

13 Supra 6

15

http://www.legalservicesindia.com/forum/topic80-maneka-gandhi-vs-union-of-india.htmlhttp://www.legalservicesindia.com/forum/topic80-maneka-gandhi-vs-union-of-india.html

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PRA2ER

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T e !otific%tio! $%te$ 31 "t M%rc :)1) %!$ 1( t Se te.5er :)1: of t e "t%te


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