adequate wound care after endovascular therapy: a keystone ...€¦ · adequate wound care •...
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AdequateWoundCareafterEndovascularTherapy:AKeystonetoSuccess
VickieRDriver,DPMMSFACFAS
FacultyDisclosuresVickieRDriver:Consultant– MosaicBiosciences,3oTechnologyNoproductonmarket
OtherFinancialorMaterialSupport– FormeremployeeofNovartisBioMedical Research,MediWoundboardmember
Brandnamesareincludedinthispresentationforparticipantclarificationpurposesonly.Noproductpromotionshouldbeinferred.
Objectives:
Take away:
1. Understand key elements of wound careSurgery, debridement, off loading and advanced
therapies.2. Understand how to incorporate wound
care basic to improve patient outcomes…………………………………………………ü Understand that wound care is never basic
when it comes to CLI patients. ü It requires advanced early care before and
after vascular interventions
The Clinical Landscape
• Vascular Specialist/Surgeons • Podiatric Surgery• Plastic Surgery• Medicine/Endo• NP/PA• Nursing• Dermatology• Radiology • Infectious Disease • PT/OT
Advanced Care Practices for High Risk: Team Approach
Limb Preservation: Treatment Principles
•Aggressive treatment of infection – surgical•Diagnose ischemia and refer – intervention•Relief of pressure to wound – offload•Improve wound environment with debridement and advanced care treatments•Discover new ideas with research
Driver VR, et al. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(2):248-253.
• Setting of care- Experience / knowledge of provider(s)
• Type of wound and its chronicity• Health status of patient / comorbidities• Concomitant medications may interfere• Timely selection of interventions that address defects
in wound microenvironment
Many Factors Affect Wound Care Outcomes
Adequate Wound Care
• Pressure Control • Surgical or Conservative
• Debridement• Infection Management• Wound Care• *** Team Player
Adequate
TCCissupportedbylevelIevidence
RCTs,twometa-analyses,andaCochranereview
TCC = total contact casting.
How Does it Work?
� TCC decreases pressure in 1st
met by 69% and decreases heel pressure by 45%
� Full contact with weekly custom fit cast provides control of shear
� Reduced foot pressure and shear allows skin to heal
� Ensures 100% compliance
Wertsch JJ, et al. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1995;32(3):205-209.
No TCC (n=10) TCC (n=10)
IS IT POSSIBLE TO IMPROVE THE OUTCOME?
Semiquantitative analysis of histological features of neuropathic DFU: Effect of pressure relief
HYPERKERATOSIS
FIBROSIS
CAPILLARIES
INFLAMMATION
GRANULATION
2.8
2.8
0.5
3
0.2
1.8
1.8
2.5
1.1
2.8
DFU = diabetic foot ulcer.Piaggesi A, et al. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(11):3123-3128.
SCORE: 0, absent; 1, present in <33%; 2, present in 34-66%; and 3, present in >67% of the lesion
Adequate Wound Care
• Pressure Control • Surgical or Conservative
• Debridement• Infection Management• Wound Care• *** Team Player
Schutz GS, et al. Wound Repair Regen. 2003;11(Suppl 1):S1-S28.
Physical Barrier
In chronic wounds, dead tissue is unreceptive
Growth factors are stimulated, and micro-healing can begin
Necrotic tissue: Physical barrier for GF receptors
Mulder GD, et al. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2002;92(1):34-37.
93 yo Diabetic Male Ulcer – Osteomyelitis - CLI Post Intervention ABI .25 TO .5
CLI = critical limb ischemia; ABI = ankle-brachial index.
Real World CLI Immediate-Post Vascular Intervention
Necrosis and Bone
TIMING:
TWO SITUATIONS
Liquefactive necrosis
1. Transformation of the tissue into a liquid viscous mass.
2. Often associated with focal bacterial or fungal infections
3. Neutrophils release hydrolytic enzymes which attack the surrounding tissues.
Function restored decrease shear force
silicone mold slipper liner
§§§§
Are we done yet?
Venous Stasis Ulcer
Excessive inflammatory MMP activity may result in:
§ Degradation of newly deposited tissue components
§ Destruction of GFs, cell surface receptors
§ Chronic, non-healing wounds that look like ischemic ulcers
MMP = matrix metalloproteinases.
Why isn’t it healing?
Cortical Erosion
Can it be saved, wound care?
Packed Open with Abx Beads, NPWT, Offloading and Closure
Adequate Wound Care
• Pressure Control • Surgical or Conservative
• Debridement• Infection management• Wound Care• *** Team player
G.S.Schutz, et al., Wound Rep Reg Suppl, 2003;11:1-28
Acute vs Chronic Wounds
Childress BB, et al. Biol Res Nurs. 2002;4(1):5-15.
• Ulcers- 17years• Scleroderma,PAD,DM,InfectionandVenousDisease,Obesity&Depression
• Needadiagnosis,whatisgoingon?• Who’suptobatfirst?
.
SurgicalDebridement
•
• Debridedviacurette,scalpel,andpressurejet•
CombinedTherapyandTeamwork
• Compression,offloading,endovascularprocedure
• Ultrasound+PDGF-BB+NPWT+SkinGraft
PDGF-BB = platelet-derived growth factor-BB; NPWT = negative pressure wound therapy.
Failed skin graft
Acellular Cadaver Skin silver dressing
44YODMmale
PostprocedurePostIVantibiotics+ExcellentSOC
Cryopreservedhumanumbilicalcordpromotesregenerativetissuedisruptstheinflammatorycycle
Retains the Heavy Chain Hyaluronic Acid/Pentraxin3 (HC-HA/PTX3)
New Biologic Treatments
Dressing combination
NO gel secondary layer
NO activating contact dressing
Nitric oxide (NO) is a volatile gas, produced in tissues of the body and acts as a vital cell-to-cell signaling mechanism. The discovery that NO is involved in several critical physiological processes led to a 1998 Nobel Prize.
Anitric oxide generating medical device
DevelopedapeptidemimeticoftheC-terminusofCx43,alphaconnexincarboxy-terminal(ACT1)
§ Cell-Cell communication is a key aspect of injury response
§ Has an important role in skin repair and skin tumor development,
§ aCT1 peptide helps restore gap junctional communication that is compromised after tissue injury
SeveralnewAutologousGraftSystems
Objectives:
Take away:
1. Understand key elements of wound careSurgery, debridement, off loading and advanced
therapies.2. Understand how to incorporate wound
care basic to improve patient outcomes…………………………………………………ü Understand that wound care is never basic
when it comes to CLI patients. ü It requires advanced early care before and
after vascular interventions