address map rendering - iso · 2019-04-02 · map for easy understanding road name and building...

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Address Map Rendering Jinmu Choi Geography Kyung Hee University

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Page 1: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Address Map Rendering

Jinmu Choi Geography

Kyung Hee University

Page 2: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Table of Contents Rendering a Map

Map Scale

Geometry Generalization with Scale

Dynamic Symbolization with Scale

Multiscale Rendering for Buildings and Rivers

Address Map Projects

Future Research Plans

Page 3: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Rendering a Map

Page 4: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Rendering In Computer Graphics,

Rendering is the process of generating an image from a model (or models in what collectively could be called a scene file), by means of computer programs. (WIKIPEDIA)

In Cartography, The process of rendering a map generally

means taking raw geospatial data and making a visual map from it. (Wiki.openstreetmap.org)

Rendering = Mapmaking

Page 5: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Map Design Process(Slocum et al. 2007)

1. Determine how the map will be reproduced

2. Select a scale, generalization method, and map projection

3. Determine methods for data symbolization and classification

4. Select map elements

5. Establish a ranking of symbols and map elements

6. Create a sketch map

Page 6: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Key Issue of Map Design

Map Scale Tile Map and Thematic Map for

each Level

Symbolization Symbol for Features Symbol for Labels

Generalization Generalization for Feature

Geometry

지도축척

심볼화

일반화

Page 7: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Map Scale

단 계 daum naver openstreetmap google map range

1 1:830,000,000 1:900,000,000~1:600,000,000 2 1:417,000,000 1:600,000,000~1:300,000,000 3 1:200,000,000 1:180,000,000 1:300,000,000~1:100,000,000 4 1:83,000,000 1:90,000,000 1:100,000,000~1:60,000,000 5 1:41,700,000 1:45,000,000 1:60,000,000~1:30,000,000 6 1:20,000,000 1:23,000,000 1:30,000,000~1:15,000,000 7 1:10,240,000 1:10,925,000 1:10,000,000 1:10,000,000 1:15,000,000~1:7,500,000 8 1:5,120,000 1:5,500,000 1:5,000,000 1:5,000,000 1:7,500,000~1:3,700,000 9 1:2,560,000 1:2,700,000 1:2,500,000 1:2,500,000 1:3,700,000~1:1,900,000 10 1:1,280,000 1:1,400,000 1:1,300,000 1:1,300,000 1:1,900,000~1:900,000 11 1:640,000 1:683,000 1:670,000 1:670,000 1:900,000~1:500,000 12 1:320,000 1:341,700 1:330,000 1:300,000 1:500,000~1:250,000 13 1:160,000 1:166,700 1:160,000 1:160,000 1:250,000~1:100,000 14 1:80,000 1:83,000 1:83,000 1:83,000 1:100,000~1:60,000 15 1:40,000 1:42,600 1:41,000 1:42,000 1:60,000~1:30,000 16 1:20,000 1:21,300 1:20,000 1:20,000 1:30,000~1:15,000 17 1:10,000 1:10,700 1:10,000 1:10,000 1:15,000~1:7,500 18 1:5,000 1:5,300 1:5,000 1:5,000 1:7,500~1:3,750 19 1:2,500 1:2,700 1:2,500 1:2,500 1:3,750~1:1,800 20 1:1,250 1:1,300 1:1,300 1:1,800~1:1,000

Page 8: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Cartographic Generalization The process of reducing the amount of data and

adjusting the information to the given scale

10 Generalization Operators Simplification

Smoothing

Aggregation

Amalgamation

Collapse

– Merging

– Refinement

– Exaggeration

– Enhancement

– Displacement

Page 9: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Collapse The process of reducing a feature dimension

Display Scale

1:1k 1:24k 1:100k

1:700

Scale Range

1:5k 1:50k

Scale Range > 1k 1k - 24k 24k - 100k < 100k

Road Line Line Line Line River Polygon Polygon/Line Line Line

Building Polygon Polygon/Point Point Point

Page 10: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Multiple Symbols Geometry and symbols

Different geometry types need different symbols

Same geometry types may need multiple symbols based on the visual scale

Multiple symbols Current GIS stores symbols as a symbol file

To store multiple symbols with scale range, this study proposes symbol knowledge base

Page 11: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Symbol Knowledge base(Choi, 2008)

Point Table Line Table Polygon Table • Feature Name • Use_Max_scale • From_Max_scale • To_Max_scale • Point Style • Point Color • Point Size • Use_Max_scale • From_Max_scale • To_Max_scale • Point Style • Point Color • Point Size • Use_Max_scale • From_Max_scale • To_Max_scale • Point Style • Point Color • Point Size

• Feature Name • Use_Max_scale • From_Max_scale • To_Max_scale • Line Style • Line Color • Line Size • Use_Max_scale • From_Max_scale • To_Max_scale • Line Style • Line Color • Line Size • Use_Max_scale • From_Max_scale • To_Max_scale • Line Style • Line Color • Line Size

• Feature Name • Use_Max_scale • From_Max_scale • To_Max_scale • Use Polygon • Polygon Style • Polygon Color • Outline Type • Outline Width • Use_Max_scale • From_Max_scale • To_Max_scale • Use Polygon • Polygon Style • Polygon Color • Outline Type • Outline Width • Use_Max_scale • From_Max_scale • To_Max_scale • Use Polygon • Polygon Style • Polygon Color • Outline Type • Outline Width

• Use point for max • Point Style • Point Color • Point Size • Criteria Column • Criteria Value • Use point for mid • Point Style • Point Color • Point Size • Criteria Column • Criteria Value • Use point for min • Point Style • Point Color • Point Size • Criteria Column • Criteria Value

Page 12: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Multiscale Rendering for Buildings and Rivers

Page 13: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Multiscale Symbols Feature Class Building River

Point (Line) for Large Scale

No No

Point (Line) Style • •

Point (Line) Color • •

Point (Line) Size • •

Criteria Value • •

Point (Line) for Medium Scale

Point Line

Point (Line) Style Circle Solid Line

Point (Line) Color Dark Red Cyan

Point (Line) Size 2 1

Criteria Value Area Size: 50 Width: 100

Point (Line) for Small Scale

Point Line

Point (Line) Style Circle Solid Line

Point (Line) Color Black Cyan

Point (Line) Size 1 1

Criteria Value • •

Feature Class Building River

Large Scale Range 1 : 1 K ~ 1 : 3 K 1 : 1 ~ 1 : 10 K

Use Polygon Polygon Polygon

Polygon Style Solid Fill Solid Fill

Polygon Color Red Cyan

Outline Type Solid Line Solid Line

Outline Width 1 1

Medium Scale Range 1 : 3 K ~ 1 : 6 K 1 : 10 ~ 1 : 24 K

Use Polygon Polygon Polygon

Polygon Style Solid Fill Solid Fill

Polygon Color Blue Cyan

Outline Type Solid Line Solid Line

Outline Width 1 1

Small Scale Range 1 : 6 K ~ 1 : 50 K 1 : 24 ~ 1 : 100 K

Use Polygon No No

Polygon Style • •

Polygon Color • •

Outline Type • •

Outline Width • •

Page 14: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Rendering Buildings Large: 1k-3k medium: 3k-6k small: < 6k

1:2,500

1:4,000

1:7,000

Page 15: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Rendering Rivers Large: 1k-10k Medium: 10k-24k Small: < 24k Width: 100m

1:9,000

1:17,000

1:35,000

Page 16: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Address Map Projects

Page 17: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Project Time Table Year 1 (2012): Draft of Address Map

Standard Direction of Map Standard

Three Drafts of Address Maps

Year 2 (2013): Deriving Example of Address Tile Map Road Hierarchy and Tile Level

Road Symbol and Other Feature Symbol

Page 18: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Direction of Address Map Standard Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction capability of road name and building number Increase awareness of road name address map through a unified

schema and production standards

구 분 우리나라 해외

특징

• 도로 , 지형지물 동일순위로 표현하여

도로가 드러나지 않음

• 등고선, 하천, 호수, 저수지, 행정경계선,

교량명 , 절이름 , 행정지명 , 산 등을

기본적으로 표기

• 도로를 우선적으로 표기

• 하천, 공원 등을 표기하나 여유공간이

있을 경우만 표기

• 등고선(지형) 대신 다양한 바탕색 사용

시사점 • 점개념(지명이나 시설물 중심)

• 많은 지명과 건물명 표기에 치중

• 선개념(도로 중심)

• 도로명 위주의 간략한 표기

Draft of Address Map (Year 1)

Page 19: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Three Drafts of Address Map 책자형과 휴대형에 대한 3가지 유형의 샘플 제작

[1] 텍스트형 [2] 싸인형 [3] 픽토그램형

Draft of Address Map (Year 1)

Page 20: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Ex. of Address Tile Map (Year 2)

Road Hierarchy and Tile Level

위계 구분 적용 레벨 비고

국토간선고속도로 2 ~ 14 경부고속도로, 영동고속도로, 호남고속도로, 중부내륙고속도로, 중앙고속도로, 서해안고속도로, 남해안고속도로

국토간선대로․로 2 ~ 14 동해대로

시도간선고속도로 4 ~ 14 서울외곽순환고속도로 등...

시도간선자동차전용도로 4 ~ 14 올림픽대로 등...

시도간선대로․로 4 ~ 14 시도 급 대로, 로

시군구간선대로․로 8 ~ 14 시군구 급 대로, 로

그 외 로 8 ~ 14 종속구간이 아닌 도로

종속구간 12 ~ 14 주도로 외의 종속도로

단지내도로 12 ~ 14 아파트 단지 내 도로

Page 21: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Road Symbol and Other Feature Symbol 도로 종류 심볼 주요지점 심볼 주요지점 심볼

국토간선고속도로 경찰서 경찰서

국토간선대로로 소방서 의료시설

시도간선고속도로 교육시설 숙박시설

시도간선자동차전용도로 도서관 공항건물

시도간선대로․로 쇼핑건물 관공서

길 금융시설 아파트

종속구간 우체국

Ex. of Address Tile Map (Year 2)

Page 22: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Future Research Plans

Page 23: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Further Project Time Table Year 3 (2014)

도로명주소안내도 Rendering 방안 기초 연구: 일반화 알고리듬 개발 및 개별 심볼 선정

도로명주소안내도 제작용 Illustrate Template 개발

Year 4 (2015) 도로명주소안내도 제작 응용프로그램 완성

도로명주소안내도 검수 절차 마련 및 검수 프로그램 개발

Year 5 (2016) 도로명주소안내도 작성 규칙 법제화

Page 24: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Year 3 (2014) 도로명주소안내도 Rendering 방안 기초 연구: 일반화 알고리듬 개발 및 개별 심볼 선정 Scale에 따라 Feature의 일반화가 필요하고 일반화된

Feature에 대해 각각의 Symbol이 결정되어야 함 우선, 10가지 기본 일반화 방안에 대한 알고리듬 개발 일반화된 개별 사상(Feature)과 라벨 심볼 선정

도로명주소안내도 제작용 Illustrate Template 개발 도로명주소안내도 제작 시 표준화된 심볼과 라벨 심볼에 대한 틀과 자료를 제공

개별적인 심볼 제작, 라벨 폰트 구매 여건이 되지 못함 각 기준 축척에 대한 개별 Template로 개발

Page 25: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Year 4 (2014) 도로명주소안내도 제작 응용프로그램 완성

전년도 사업에서 개발된 도로명주소 일반화 알고리듬과 선정된 심볼을 적용하여 도로명주소를 활용한 주제도 제작 프로그램 개발

도로명주소안내도 검수 절차 마련 및 검수 프로그램 개발 다양하게 제작되는 도로명주소안내도 대한 사후 검수를 통해 Quality 확보

도로명주소안내도 작성 규칙 법제화 지자체 및 공공기관에서 다양한 축척의 도로명주소안내도를 쉽게 제작하고 그 일관성을 유지하도록 함

Page 26: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

References Choi, J. and C. Hwang, 2009, Multi-scale Rendering with Geometry

Collapse and Symbol Knowledge Base, The Cartographical Journal. Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 155-163

Dent, B.B, 1999, Cartography: Thematic map Design, 5th Ed, McGraw-Hill, p.419

ESRI, 1996, Automation of Map Generalization, ESRI White Paper Series, http://downloads.esri.com/support/whitepapers/ao_/mapgen.pdf

GITTA, 2012, Generalization of Map Data, Geographic Information Technology Training Alliance (GITTA), http://gitta.info/Generalisati/en/text/Generalisati.pdf

Slocum, T.A., McMaster, R.B., Kessler, F.C., and Howard, H.H., 2005, Thematic Cartography and Geographic Visualization, 2th Ed, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, p.518

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendering_(computer_graphics) http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Rendering

Page 27: Address Map Rendering - ISO · 2019-04-02 · Map for easy understanding road name and building number Design mental map for recognition of road network at a glance Improving prediction

Thank You

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