activity 16

Activity 16Protein Synthesis:Transcription and Translation

Activity 16: Protein Synthesis:Transcription and Translation

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Get Started

Think of a corn cell that is genetically modified to contain the Bt gene and a corn cell that is not modified.◦ In what ways are the cells similar?◦ In what ways are the cells different?


Get Started

What is the relationship between DNA and proteins in a cell?


Introduction

Protein synthesis is the process in which a cell makes a protein. It has two phases.

Transcription is the first phase, where DNA is converted into mRNA.

Translation is the second phase, where the mRNA is converted to tRNA and a protein molecule is assembled.

Read the introduction.

Activity 16: Protein Synthesis:Transcription and TranslationActivity 16: Protein Synthesis:Transcription and Translation

How does a cell make proteins with the information from DNA?

Challenge


Procedure


Procedure

As you view the simulation, be sure to correct the order of the Transcription and Translation cards, as needed.


Procedure

D, F, E, J, A, H, B, G, C, I

The correct card order is:


Procedure

Try different sorts of insertions, deletions, substitutions, and frameshifts to see if you can determine what the effects of various mutations are.


Procedure


Follow Up

Define protein synthesis and describe how it works.

Analysis 1


Follow Up

Copy the chart from the student book in your science notebook. Fill in the chart to determine the amino acid sequence that results from the transcription and translation of the following nucleotide sequence:5’ TACTCGGCATTGTGA 3’

Analysis 2


Follow Up

One night while watching TV you hear a newscaster say, “DNA mutations cause damaged proteins.” Based on your work in Part B, how would you respond to this claim?

Analysis 4


How does a cell make proteins with the information from DNA?

Revisit the Challenge


amino acid DNA mRNA mutation protein protein

synthesis

replication RNA transcription translation

Key Vocabulary

activity 16

Documents

protein synthesis

bt protein

protein molecule

modified cell

modified slides

corn cell

teachers of science

bt gene