achilles tendinitis overuse injurycare: increase flexibility gradual progression orthotics/heel lift...
TRANSCRIPT
Achilles Tendinitis
• Overuse injury Care:•Increase flexibility•Gradual progression•Orthotics/heel lift•Foot mechanics
Shin Splints
• Posterior or Anterior• Cause
– Repetitive stress– Rapid increase in
training– Weak tibialis anterior
• S/S– Pain/ache– Gradual increase
• Care– PIER– Achilles, Tib Post/Tib Ant
stretching– Taping– Gradual return
The Knee
The Knee Joint – AnteriorThe Knee Joint – Anterior
Patella
Medial (Tibial) collateral ligament
Patellar ligament
Tibial tuberosity
Tibia
Quadriceps tendon
Fibula
The Knee Joint Anterior (deep)The Knee Joint Anterior (deep)
Femur
Lateral (Fibular) collateral ligament removed
Medial (Tibial) collateral ligament removed
Lateral Meniscus
Tibial Tuberosity
Fibula
Lateral Condyle Medial Condyle
Medial Meniscus
Tibia
Posterior cruciate ligament
Anterior cruciate ligament
The Knee Joint – PosteriorThe Knee Joint – Posterior
Femur
Adductor magnus tendon
Medial head of gastrocnemius tendon
Semimembranosus tendon
Medial (Tibial) collateral ligament
Lateral (Fibular) collateral ligament
Fibular head
Lateral head of gastrocnemius tendon
Oblique popliteal ligament
Fibula
Tibia
The Knee Joint – Posterior (deep)The Knee Joint – Posterior (deep)
Anterior cruciate ligament
Popliteal tendon
Lateral meniscus
Lateral (Fibular) collateral ligament
Medial (Tibial) collateral ligament
Medial meniscus
Posterior cruciate
Femur
Fibula
Tibia
Posterior meniscofemoral ligament
MCL Sprain• Most common acute
knee injury• Mechanism:
– Valgus force– Weak VMO’s, weak
proprioception
• S/S– Loss of stability (test)– Swelling (wipe test)– Pain on palpation
• Care:– PIERS– Brace/tape up to a year– Surgery infrequent
• LCL Sprains
ACL Sprain
• Weak hamstrings, hip ER, squatting with a knee valgus motion
• Many mechanisms• S/S
– Pop, “dislocated”, anterior drawer test, swelling
ACL Sprain Care
• PIER• Crutches• Brace for 1 year-career• Surgery**• Proprioception training
• PCL Sprains
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q96M0jRqn7k
Meniscus Tears
• Alone or paired with ACL/MCL tears• Rotational force while weight bearing (meniscus
is squeezed between tibia and femur)• S/S
– Locking at 10 degrees of flexion– Clicking– Pain
• Treatment:– Surgery
Chronic Knee Injuries
• Patella Femoral Syndrome– Uneven tracking of patella– Weak hip LR, tight ITB, weak VMO’s– Crepitus, pain, pain on stairs/squatting– PIER, fix cause, taping to correct tracking
ITB Syndrome (Runner’s Knee)
– Tight ITB, pronated foot
– Point tenderness, pain during flexion
– PIERS, ITB treatment, correct imbalances, reduce distances
Patellar Tendinitis“Jumper’s Knee”
• Frequent jumping, repeated stress • Pain between patella and insertion• Treatment:
– PIER– Strap– stretch (quads) and strengthen
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Common Strains
Quadriceps Adductors Hip flexors Hamstrings Rotator cuffs
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Hamstring Strains
• Most frequently strained muscles• Mechanism:
– Rapid contraction in a lengthened position– E.g. sprinting and running
• Due to strength imbalance– Hamstring strength < quadriceps strength
Emphasize hamstrings and quadriceps equally
Using the handout and “Blue” Textbook:
• For each of the following, describe the:– Mechanism– S/S– Treatment
• Lateral Epicondylitis (p183)• SC Joint Sprain• AC Joint Sprain• Glenohumeral joint dislocation
Chiropractor vs Physiotherapist
• Compare chiropractors and physiotherapists (page 193 and page 194)
Physiotherapy Modalities