Accounting for Tutorial Teaching Assistants’ Buy-in to Reform InstructionRenee Michelle Goertzen, Rachel E. Scherr, and Andrew ElbyDepartment of Physics and Curriculum & Instruction, University of Maryland, College Park NSF ROLE #0529482

UM uses Maryland Tutorials in Physics Sensemaking

Tutorials are held in an isolated, minimally-maintained, 24-student room off a little-used hallway.

Algebra-based and often finished within the allotted time

Use of informal terms like “oomph” to help connect physics to everyday experiences

Explicit epistemological focus in addition to physics

Tutorial attendance is recommended, but no credit is given.

Exam questions based on tutorials rarely used by non-PERG instructors.

75% of the UM TAs described tutorials as disconnected from the rest of the course or as not preparing students for their homework..

Tutorial instructors also teach labs and grade labs and two types of homework.

Lecturers and tutorial instructors other than PER faculty are usually inexperienced with tutorials

Non-PER faculty generally ignore(or sometimes disparage) tutorials.

Calculus-based and typically not completed in allotted time

Rigorous use of concepts and vocabulary

No explicit focus on epistemology

Tutorial attendance is required; a small percent of the grade is based on participation.

Tutorial material is 25% of the exam grade.

No CU TAs described tutorials as disconnected from the rest of the course or as not preparing students for their homework.

Tutorial TAs teach only tutorials and grade only tutorial homework and exams.

The lecturer and tutorial supervisor are not PER faculty.

Lecturer appears frequently at TA prep meetings.

University level support for tutorials through Learning Assistant (LA) program of undergraduates who assist TAs in tutorials.

Tutorials are held in a large, bright, noisy room, divided into bays where multiple tutorials occur at once, off a well-traveled corridor.

TAs may buy in more easily to the tutorials they perceive as more challenging, rigorous, and undiluted.

The tutorials themselves Classroom location and appearance

Departmental / university supportCourse reward structure

Differences in the social and environmental contexts at UM and CU explain differences in TA buy-in

Research Question

Recent Findings

Past Research

TAs may buy into tutorials more when they directly affect students’ grades

and link to other parts of the class.

TAs may buy in more when they perceive tutorial instruction as the

standard, accepted departmental practice rather than a PER-driven aberration.

TAs may buy in more to the highly communal experience at CU;

the UM setting conveys a feeling of isolation and neglect to the TAs.

CU uses Tutorials in Introductory Physics, developed at the University of Washington

TA buy-in affects classroom practice 1

Social and environmental factors can constrain professors’ classroom practice 2

1 Goertzen,R.M., Scherr, R.E., & Elby, E. “Accounting for tutorial teaching assistants’ buy-in to reform instruction.” In preparation. 2 Henderson, C. & Dancy, M.H. (2007). Barriers to the use of research-based instructional strategies: The influence of both individual and situational characteristics. PRST: PER, 020102.

Compared to TAs at the University of Colorado, Boulder (CU), why do TAs at University of Maryland (UM) buy into tutorials less?

Analysis of interviews withCU and UM TAs show different levels of buy-in.

A significant portion of UM TAs did not buy into two aspects UM tutorial designers consider important: • a focus on qualitative

reasoning • importance of intuition in

building physics knowledge

Even though TA training is similar at both intuitions.