Accounting for adaptation in payment for watershed services

schemes: An application of climate compatible development

Amielle DeWan and Kevin Green Nigel Asquith

Rare Fundación Natura Bolivia

ADAPTATION

?

CLIMATE

COMPATIBLE

DEVELOPMENT

?

PAYMENT FOR

WATERSHED

SERVICES

?

Context: Payment for watershed services (PWS)

Scale

Payment type

Buyers

Sellers

Institutional Mechanism

Financial Mechanism

Potential climate change adaptation co-benefits of PWS

• Water flow stabilization in

with changing climates

• Carbon storage/mitigation in

protected forest

• Social resilience and

improved management of

natural resources

• Human health improvements

in water quality

• Biodiversity habitat

protection

• Which PWS schemes are better at delivering climate change related co-benefits? – Are national or local schemes more stable in the face

of climate change?

– Do reciprocal agreements improve adaptive capacity of individuals or local communities?

– Are different schemes more effective at promoting adaptive capacity?

What is climate compatible development? Questions

development

strategies

co-benefits

mitigation

strategies

adaptation

strategies

low carbon development

climate resilient development

climate

compatible

development

What is climate compatible development (CCD) ?

CCDi = Mi + Ai + Di

The climate compatible development index (CCDi)

MITIGATION ADAPTATION DEVELOPMENT

oMitigation: Mitigating the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs)

oAdaptation: Adaptation strategies enhance and implement measures to reduce, moderate and take advantage of climate impacts at all scales.

oDevelopment: Improvements in livelihoods and standard of living

Green et al. 2013, in progress

Mitigation Forest under protection Afforestation/Reforestation Additionality

Development Household assets Water quality Participation of the poor

CCDi – Mitigation + Development metrics

But what about adaptation?

SOCIAL

RESILIENCE

ADAPTIVE CAPACITY

ECOLOGICAL

RESILIENCE

Social

Community participation in natural resource

governance method: household surveys

Livelihoods/income source diversity method:

livelihood diversification index, household survey

CCDi – Adaptation metrics

Ecological

Habitat connectivity method: GIS

CCDi – Adaptation metrics

Application of the CCD index

CCDi = Mi + Ai + Di

PWS type CCD i

A 0.63

B 0.37

C 0.73

D 0.94

E 0.24

Application of the CCD index

CCDi = Mi + Ai + Di

Adaptation Mitigation Development

A

B

C

D

E

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1Household assets

Water quality

Pro-poor participation

Forest under protection

AfforestationAdditionality

Knowledge and attitudes

Community participation

Forest connectivity

Pre

PostPWS

type

CCDit1 CCDit2

A 0.63 0.67

B 0.37 0.47

C 0.73 0.46

D 0.94 0.94

E 0.24 0.43

Conclusions and future directions

CCDi = Mi + Ai + Di

1) Broaden and expand the metrics

2) Policy and investment choices

3) Tie adaptation services to the pricing options

4) Incorporate future scenarios

Thanks!