academic science engagement with north korea by hyunjin seo

8/3/2019 Academic Science Engagement with North Korea by Hyunjin Seo

1/21

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2/21

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3/21

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4/21

;12 Dj @dufk8 Rdivlf >

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5/21

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6/21

;1= Dj @dufk8 Rdivlf >

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jvnifku sf~s gj Dnsdefu 5112*


7/21

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gs~ ufiksgdj~mgq wgsm @VS*

Mg~sduw db smf @VS,^V Ufiksgdj~mgq

Smf @VS,^V ufiksgdj~mgq efokj gj iksf ~qugjo 511; wmfj ^V wgsm qku,

sgngqksgdj kjc ndvj~fi budl smf @dufk ^dngfs efokj cg~nv~~gjo wgsm smf

CQU@ VJ lg~~gdj ufquf~fjsksgrf~ smf qd~~gegigs db hdgjs knkcflgn ~ngfjnf

fjokoflfjs gj smf kufk db gjbdulksgdj sfnmjdido* Smf~f gjgsgki ski`~ visg,

lksfi ifc sd smf f~skeig~mlfjs db egiksfuki uf~fkunm ndiikeduksgdj~ efswffj

@VS kjc ^V gj smf ofjfuki kufk db gjbdulksgdj sfnmjdido* @VS bdnv~f~

dj sfnmjdido kismdvom gs dbbfu~ ndvu~fwdu` gj k wgcf ukjof db kufk~ gj gs~

udif) kidjo wgsm @gl Gi,~vjo Vjgrfu~gs) k~ k ndlqufmfj~grf vjgrfu~gs gj

Jdusm @dufk* ^V g~ k qugrksf uf~fkunm vjgrfu~gs gj vq~sksf Jfw Wdu`*

Fknm vjgrfu~gs kouffc sd ~vqqi k sfkl db uf~fkunmfu~* Smf gjsfucg~ngqigjku

^V sfkl gjrdirfc ~nmdiku~ budl smf Lk}wfii nmddi) smf I* N* lgsm Ndi,

ifof db Fjogjffugjo kjc Ndlqvsfu ngfjnf) kjc smf nmddi db Gjbdulksgdj

^svcgf~ k~ wfii k~ smf ^~sfl~ K~~vukjnf Gj~sgsvsf) smf Fjoig~m Ikjovkof

Gj~sgsvsf) kjc smf Vjgrfu~gs Igeuku* Smf cgufnsdu db @VS~ Gjbdulksgdj

-Ndlqvsfu' Nfjsfu wk~ smf @VS sfkl ifkcfu*

Smf @VS,^V ufiksgdj~mgq mk~ odjf smudvom bdvu qmk~f~* Smf u~s qmk~f

fjcfc wgsm ndlqifsgdj db Jdusm @dufk~ u~s cgogski igeuku) idnksfc ks @VS*

Smf quglku uf~fkunm bdnv~ cvugjo smg~ qfugdc wk~ ldcgbgjo dqfj,~dvunf

~dbswkuf bdu v~f k~ ekn`,fjc ~vqqdus gj smf igeuku kjc gcfjsgbgjo kqqud,

qugksf gjsfujksgdjki ~skjckuc~ bdu v~f gj nksfodugxgjo gjbdulksgdj mfic gj

smf igeuku* Smf ~fndjc qmk~f) smf Ufogdjki ^nmdiku~ kjc Ifkcfu~ ^flgjku

-U^I^' qudoukl) fjikuofc qkusgngqksgdj sd gjnivcf Nmgjk kjc ^dvsm @d,

ufk gj kccgsgdj sd Jdusm @dufk kjc smf Vjgsfc ^sksf~* Smf U^I^ ~f~~gdj~

wfuf mfic gj Efghgjo kjc flqmk~gxfc gjbdulksgdj ~mkugjo kjc cfrfidqgjo

ikjovkof kjc quf~fjsksgdj ~`gii~ jfnf~~ku bdu qkusgngqksgjo gj gjsfujksgdjki

~ngfjsgn lffsgjo~* Smf smguc qmk~f gjrdirfc Jdusm @dufkj vjcfuoukcvksf

sfkl~ db ndlqvsfu ~ngfjsg~s~ qkusgngqksgjo gj smf K~~dngksgdj bdu Ndlqvsgjo

Lknmgjfu -KNL' kjjvki Gjsfujksgdjki Ndiifogksf Qudoukllgjo Ndjsf~s*

Smg~ wk~ smf u~s sglf Jdusm @dufkj sfkl~ mkc frfu qkusgngqksfc gj smg~

gjsfujksgdjki ~ngfjnf ndlqfsgsgdj* Smf bdvusm qmk~f ~kw smf f~skeig~mlfjs db


8/21

;;1 Dj @dufk8 Rdivlf >

smf V*^*,CQU@ ngfjsgn Fjokoflfjs Ndj~dusgvl kglfc ks f}qidugjo ndi,

ikeduksgrf knkcflgn ~ngfjsgn knsgrgsgf~ efswffj smf swd ndvjsugf~* Smf~f bdvu

~qfngnqmk~f~ wgii ef fikeduksfc iksfu gj smg~ qkqfu* Smf jf}s ~fnsgdj f}qikgj~

f}nmkjof~ db qfu~djjfi smks kuf ks smf nduf db smf @VS,^V ufiksgdj~mgq*

F}nmkjof~ db Qfu~djjfi

^gjnf k CQU@ cfifoksgdj~ u~s rg~gs sd ^V gj 5115) smfuf mkrf effj jgjf

f}nmkjof~~frfj rg~gs~ sd ^V e @VS ~ngfjsg~s~ kjc swd rg~gs~ sd @VS

e ^V qkusgngqkjs~kjc bdvu hdgjs lffsgjo~ kjc qudoukl~ gj Efghgjo -~ff

Skeif ; bdu k ~vllku db smf f}nmkjof~'* Smf~f f}nmkjof~ ukjofc budl

djf sd rf wff`~* Sd fj~vuf smks uf~vis~ budl smf f}nmkjof~ nvlviksf) @VS

kjc ^V mkrf) k~ k lkssfu db qdign) lkgjskgjfc ~ve~skjsgki ndj~g~sfjn gj

smf ndlqd~gsgdj db smfgu cfifoksgdj~ drfu sglf*

Kj gjgsgki cfifoksgdj ifc e Rgnf Nmkjnfiidu Hdjo @wkj,nmdj db @VS rg~gsfc

^V gj Lkunm 5115* Smf ~vnnf~~ db smg~ rg~gs ifc sd kj gjrgsksgdj sd ^V sd ~fjc

k ~ngfjnf cfifoksgdj sd @VS gj Hvjf 5115* Cvugjo smf V cfifoksgdj~ rg~gs

sd @VS) smf swd ~gcf~ kouffc dj fjmkjngjo uf~dvunf ndllgslfjs~ sd smf

ndiikeduksgdj kjc kccgjo k wugssfj qikj bdu gs~ bdnv~fc cfrfidqlfjs vjcfu

smf ifkcfu~mgq db k @VS,^V Hdgjs Ndducgjksgjo Oudvq -HNO'* Gj Cfnfl,

efu 5115) @VS ~fjs gs~ cfifoksgdj kokgj sd ^V bdu k lffsgjo db smf HNO)

wmgnm gficfc kj koufflfjs smks smf Jdusm @dufkj vjgrfu~gs wdvic ~fjc

k sfkl db uf~fkunm ~nmdiku~ sd V bdu smf ldjsm db Kqugi 511> sd wdu` wgsm

^V uf~fkunmfu~ dj hdgjs gjbdulksgdj sfnmjdido qudhfns~) gjnivcgjo cgogski

igeukugf~) lknmgjf sukj~iksgdj) kjc cfng~gdj ~vqqdus* Smf~f sdqgn~ wfuf kj

dvsoudwsm db smf Qdjokjo lffsgjo~ wmfuf @VS uf~fkunmfu~ cfldj~suksfc

smfgu GS kjc ~dbswkuf cfrfidqlfjs uf~fkunm qudoukl~*

K~ k uf~vis db smf HNO koufflfjs) k sfkl db rf @VS uf~fkunmfu~ sdofsmfu

wgsm djf qudsdndi dbnfu wmd ki~d bvjnsgdjfc k~ k sukj~iksdu kuugrfc gj

^uknv~f gj Kqugi 511> bdu djf ldjsm db gjsfj~grf uf~fkunm ndiikeduksgdj

wgsm ^V ~nmdiku~* Smgus bknvis) oukcvksf ~svcfjs~) kjc qudbf~~gdjki ~skbb

budl ^V qkusgngqksfc gj smf qudoukl knsgrgsgf~* Smf cgufnsdu db smf @VS

Gjbdulksgdj Nfjsfu) wmd mk~ qkusgngqksfc gj frfu hdgjs @VS,^V lffsgjo

sd cksf) ifc smf @VS cfifoksgdj* Kii uf~fkunm lffsgjo~ wfuf ndjcvnsfc gj

Fjoig~m kjc bdnv~fc dj g~~vf~ db cgogski igeukugf~) cfng~gdj ~vqqdus) kjc bdu,

lki lfsmdc~ bdu qudrgjo nduufnsjf~~* Dvsndlf~ db smf~f ~f~~gdj~ gjnivcfc

knkcflgn ~ngfjnf quf~fjsksgdj~) gj Fjoig~m) db uf~fkunm uf~vis~ e @VS kjc

^V qkusgngqkjs~ kjc kj knkcflgn qkqfu) wugssfj hdgjsi e ufquf~fjsksgrf~

db @VS) ^V) smf CQU@ lg~~gdj) kjc smf @dufk ^dngfs* Smf qkqfu wk~

quf~fjsfc ks smf K~gkj ^svcgf~ dj smf Qkngn Ndk~s lffsgjo~ ks smf Fk~s,

_f~s Nfjsfu gj Hvjf 511>*?


9/21

;;;Knkcflgn ^ngfjnf Fjokoflfjs wgsm Jdusm @dufk

Gj Lkunm 5113) Rgnf Nmkjnfiidu Hdjo kokgj ifc k sfkl db rf @VS uf~fkunm,

fu~ kjc djf qudsdndi dbnfu sd ^V* Kii smf @VS uf~fkunmfu~ mkc effj sd

^V qufrgdv~i) kjc smf nfjsuki uf~fkunm bdnv~ wk~ dj cfrfidqgjo smf @VS

cgogski igeuku* Knnducgjo sd smf ^V ~ngfjsg~s~ gjrdirfc gj smf ndiikeduk,

sgdj~) smf Jdusm @dufkj uf~fkunmfu~ wfuf mgomi ldsgrksfc kjc cfcgnksfc)

kjc smf ~fflfc sd wdu` jdj~sdq* Smf @VS qkusgngqkjs~ glquf~~fc smfgu

^V ndvjsfuqkus~ wmfj smf okrf f}nfiifjs QdwfuQdgjs quf~fjsksgdj~ gj

Fjoig~m ks smf fjc db smf qudoukl*=

Gj Jdrflefu 5116) V Nmkjnfiidu Jkjn Nkjsdu) @dufk dngfs Nmkgulkj

Cdjkic Oufoo) kjc @VS Nmkjnfiidu Mdjo d Mdj ~gojfc k Lfldukjcvl db

Vjcfu~skjcgjo sd f}qkjc f}g~sgjo ~ngfjsgn uf~fkunm ndiikeduksgdj* vehfns

sd f}qdus ndjsudi kjc ignfj~gjo ndj~gcfuksgdj~) smf LDV f}quf~~fc gjsfjs

Skeif ;8 ^uknv~f Vjgrfu~gs @gl Nmkf` Vjgrfu~gs db Sfnmjdido

Fjokoflfjs~) 511;1?


10/21


sd ;' f}qkjc swgj gjsfouksfc gjbdulksgdj sfnmjdido ike~ -Swgj Ike~' ks

@VS kjc ^V sd fjmkjnf kjc knnfifuksf bvusmfu hdgjs uf~fkunm0 5' ndjsgjvf

smf Sfnmjgnki Fjoig~m Ikjovkof Sukgjgjo qudoukl~ efovj gj Efghgjo gj Kv,

ov~s 5116 k~ smf u~s ~sfq gj cfrfidqlfjs db Ufogdjki nmdiku~ kjc Ifkcfu~

^flgjku qudoukl -U^I^'0 kjc >' f}nmkjof hvjgdu bknvis lflefu~ budl

fknm dsmfu~ gj~sgsvsgdj*

_du` dj smf f~skeig~mlfjs db k Swgj Ike~ ks @VS g~ gj qudouf~~ evs mk~

bknfc k lkhdu de~sknif8 f}qdus ndjsudi ufoviksgdj~* Mdwfrfu) k ~mgqlfjs

db vjndjsudiifc gsfl~ike cf~`~) nmkgu~) skeif~) kjc if nkegjfs~wk~

cfigrfufc sd @VS gj ~qugjo 511?* Gj knnduckjnf wgsm smf 5116 koufflfjs)

k smuff,wff` U^I^ Sfnmjgnki Fjoig~m Ikjovkof Sukgjgjo qudoukl wk~ mfic

gj Efghgjo gj 5112 kjc 511?* Gj ufokuc sd smf ~ngfjsg~s f}nmkjof qudoukl) V

kjc smf @dufk ^dngfs) wgsm smf ndiikeduksgdj db @dufk Bvieugoms Bdvjck,

sgdj) ufnfgrfc k oukjs budl smf Vjgsfc Edkuc bdu Nmug~sgkj Mgomfu Fcvnksgdj

gj K~gk sd ~vqqdus k rf,fku qudoukl cf~gojfc sd eugjo rf sd ~g} Jdusm

@dufkj hvjgdu bknvis lflefu~ kjjvkii sd ^V* Sd cksf jd ~nmdiku~ mkrf

ndlf sd smf Vjgsfc ^sksf~ vjcfu smg~ qudoukl*

@VS quf~fjsksgdj sd ^V sfkl gj Qdjokjo -Hvjf 5113'

Qmk~f ;8 @VS Cgogski Igeukuw

K cgogski igeuku ufqiknf~ smf sukcgsgdjki qm~gnki nkuc nkskidovf wgsm k

ndlqvsfu,cugrfj kjc ufldsfi knnf~~geif cgufnsdu db igeuku mdicgjo~* Kssmf sglf smf @VS,^V ndiikeduksgdj efokj) smfuf wk~) sd dvu jdwifcof) jd

cgogski igeuku gj Jdusm @dufk* @VS wk~) mdwfrfu) gj fkui ~skof~ db cf~goj,

gjo k cgogski igeuku) kjc k ndj~suvnsgdj ~gsf mkc effj gcfjsgfc* @VS,^V

uf~fkunm sfkl~ bdnv~fc dj kckqsgjo dqfj,~dvunf ~dbswkuf sd cfrfidq smf


11/21

;;>Knkcflgn ^ngfjnf Fjokoflfjs wgsm Jdusm @dufk

ekn`,fjc igeuku gjbdulksgdj lkjkoflfjs* Smf~f fbbdus~ wfuf gjsfjcfc sd

ufqiknf qudqugfsku ~dbswkuf wugssfj ks @VS*

Kj glqduskjs ndj~f{vfjnf db smf ndiikeduksgrf fbbdus~ wk~ @VS~ cfng~gdj

smks edsm ~dbswkuf kjc igeuku lfskcksk7 wdvic ndjbdul sd gjsfujksgdjki

~skjckuc~* Sd ~vqqdus smf djodgjo cfrfidqlfjs db smf @VS igeuku kjc

sd bkngigsksf smf ~mkugjo db cgogski igeuku lfskcksk kjc ndjsfjs) gs g~ mdqfc

smks) ~vehfns sd smf ufoviksgdj~ db Jdusm @dufk kjc smf Vjgsfc sksf~) gs wgii

visglksfi ef qd~~geif sd ndj~suvns swgj gjbdulksgdj uf~fkunm ike~* Smf~f

ike~) djf ks ^V kjc djf ks @VS) wdvic ef v~fc sd ~vqqdus ndiikeduksgrf

wdu` ks k cg~skjnf kjc wdvic ki~d qudrgcf k ndlldj wdu`gjo fjrgudjlfjs

bdu rg~gsgjo uf~fkunmfu~*

Gj 5116) V ~velgssfc k ignfj~gjo uf{vf~s sd smf V*^* Ndllfunf Cfqkuslfjs

bdu qfulg~~gdj sd f}qdus k ~lkii {vkjsgs db idw,ifrfi ndlqvsgjo f{vgqlfjs

sd ~vqqdus smf @VS cgogski igeuku* Kismdvom smg~ uf{vf~s wk~ cfjgfc) smf

visglksf cfjgki wk~ lkcf dj bdufgoj qdign oudvjc~ uksmfu smkj jksgdjki

~fnvugs djf~* K~ gs svujfc dvs) smf uf{vf~s wk~ knsvkii ndj~gcfufc ks k idw

qdgjs gj smf ~g},qkus ski`~*

@VS~ cgogski igeuku dqfjfc gj Hkjvku 5112* Smf igeuku g~ k ndjnufsf f},

klqif db GS,cugrfj knkcflgn gjbuk~suvnsvuf wgsmgj Jdusm @dufk* Ldufdrfu)

k~ Jdusm @dufk gjnufk~gjoi gjsfukns~ wgsm smf ikuofu wduic) gs wgii ef nugsgnki

smks gs mkrf suv~sfc kjc ~vnnf~~bvi f}qfugfjnf wdu`gjo wgsm V*^* kofjngf~

kjc duokjgxksgdj~* Cvugjo smf 511= rg~gs db smf Jfw Wdu` Qmgimkuldjgn sd

Qdjokjo) bdu f}klqif) ~dlf hdvujkig~s~ wfuf ~mdwj smf cgogski igeuku kjc

frfj wfuf keif sd knnf~~ smfgu nvuufjs Bknfedd` qkof~ budl smf igeuku*;1

K nik~~uddl ks @VS~ cgogski igeuku -Qmdsd ndvusf~ db Jgndif Bgjjflkjj) @FG'


12/21


Qmk~f 58 Ufogdjki ^nmdiku~ kjc Ifkcfu~ ^flgjku Qudoukl

Smf UÎ^ qudoukl g~ cf~gojfc sd cfrfidq bvsvuf ifkcfu~ wmd ~mkuf k ndl,

lgslfjs sd gjbdulksgdj ~mkugjo) ndiikeduksgdj knud~~ edvjckugf~) kjc) ld~s

db kii) f~skeig~mlfjs kjc lkgjsfjkjnf db ~skjckuc~,ek~fc ldcf~ db suv~sfc

ndllvjgnksgdj* Dvu qk~s ~vnnf~~ gj wdu`gjo wgsm @VS dj smf cfrfidqlfjs

db gs~ cgogski igeuku) sdofsmfu wgsm k~~dngksfc cg~nv~~gdj~ wgsm knkcflgn kjc

odrfujlfjs dbngki~ gj Jdusm @dufk) Nmgjk) ^dvsm @dufk) kjc smf Vjgsfc

^sksf~) cfldj~suksf~ smks ifoki kjc kqqudqugksf ~mkugjo db ~ngfjsgn gjbdulk,

sgdj bdu qfknfbvi qvuqd~f~ g~ db ndlldj gjsfuf~s*

Budl >; Hvi sd 51 Kvov~s 5116) ^V) Qdmkjo Vjgrfu~gs db ^ngfjnf kjc

Sfnmjdido -QD^SFNM') kjc smf @dufk dngfs md~sfc smf u~s UÎ^ Efg,

hgjo Sfnmjgnki Fjoig~m Qudoukl bdu Jdusm @dufkj uf~fkunmfu~ budl @VS)

lflefu~ db smf Jdusm @dufkj Lgjg~su db Bdufgoj Kbbkgu~ Biddc Cklkof

kjc Ufmkegigsksgdj Ndllgssff -BCUN') kjc ufquf~fjsksgrf~ budl QD^SFNM

kjc Mvkxmdjo Vjgrfu~gs db ^ngfjnf kjc Sfnmjdido -gj _vmkj) Nmgjk'*

Smf ~fndjc qudoukl wk~ ~vnnf~~bvii f}fnvsfc cvugjo smf ~klf qfugdc gj

5112) wgsm ~frfuki lkhdu nmkjof~ kjc glqudrflfjs~*

Smf 5112 ~f~~gdj f~skeig~mfc kj GS,dugfjsfc Fjoig~m sukgjgjo nvuugnvivl

kjc ufnfgrfc lflefu~ db smf @dufk,Klfugnk Qugrksf F}nmkjof~ ^dngfs

-@KQF^'*;; Evgicgjo vqdj smf 5116 qudoukl) smf 5112 nvuugnvivl wk~ bku

lduf sfnmjgnki evs ndjsgjvfc sd flqmk~gxf Fjoig~m k~ v~fc gj smf oideki

ndlqvsfu gjcv~su kjc ks ~ngfjsgn ndjbfufjnf~*

Jdusm @dufk ~fjs 51 qkusgngqkjs~ sd fknm fku~ UÎ^ Sfnmjgnki Fjoig~m

qudoukl~* Gj fknm ~f~~gdj) ;2 wfuf gcfjsgfc k~ ~nmdiku~ budl @VS) kjc

3 wfuf budl smf Bdufgoj Lgjg~su~ BCUN du @KQF^* Jdusm @dufk~ mfkc

db cfifoksgdj wk~ smf cgufnsdu db @VS~ Gjbdulksgdj Nfjsfu kjc k idjosglf

ndiikeduksdu gj f}nmkjof~ wgsm ^V* ^gojgnkjsi) bdvu qkusgngqkjs~ gj fknm

~f~~gdj wfuf bflkif~* Sd smf ef~s db dvu jdwifcof) gs mk~ effj f}suflfi vj,

v~vki bdu Jdusm @dufk sd ~fjc bflkif ~ngfjsg~s~ sd sukrfi dvs~gcf smf ndvjsu*

Kii Jdusm @dufkj qkusgngqkjs~ wfuf mdv~fc ks k Efghgjo mdsfi wmfuf) kldjo

dsmfu smgjo~) smf mkc knnf~~ sd Fjoig~m,ikjovkof sfifrg~gdj) vjiglgsfc Gj,

sfujfs knnf~~) kjc k rkugfs db jfw~qkqfu~ budl kudvjc smf wduic*

Smf dnnk~gdj db smg~ UÎ^ Efghgjo Sfnmjgnki Fjoig~m sukgjgjo qudrgcfc

kj f}suflfi rkivkeif dqqdusvjgs bdu gjbdulki gjsfuknsgdj~ kldjo Jdusm

@dufkj qkusgngqkjs~ kjc ufquf~fjsksgrf~ db qkusjfu gj~sgsvsgdj~* Kj djodgjo

odki bdu UÎ^ g~ sd ifrfukof smf~f gjsfuqfu~djki ndjjfnsgdj~ smudvom cfrfi,

dqlfjs db ndjnufsf qudhfns~ kjc visglksfi suv~sfc gj~sgsvsgdj~ bdu ~v~skgjfc

nddqfuksgdj dj ~skjckuc~,ek~fc GS qudhfns~* Gs g~ mdqfc smks wmks efogj~

wgsm gjsfuqfu~djki suv~s kldjo qkusgngqkjs~ budl smf UÎ^ ndvjsugf~ wgii


13/21

;;6Knkcflgn ^ngfjnf Fjokoflfjs wgsm Jdusm @dufk

efndlf ~fib,qfuqfsvksgjo smudvom smf cfrfidqlfjs u~s db ndjnufsf qudhfns~

kjc smfj) visglksfi) suv~sfc gj~sgsvsgdj~*

Qmk~f >8 KNL Gjsfujksgdjki Ndlqvsfu Qudoukllgjo Ndjsf~s

Djf db smf 5116 UÎ^ Efghgjo ~f~~gdj qkusgngqkjs~ wk~ jklfc cgufnsdu

ofjfuki -Gjbdulksgdj Sfnmjdido Cfqkuslfjs' gj smf Lgjg~su db Fcvnksgdj

kbsfu mfu ufsvuj sd Qdjokjo* ^ddj smfufkbsfu ~mf uf{vf~sfc kcrgnf budl

^V kjc smf @dufk ^dngfs kedvs mdw smf CQU@ lgoms qkusgngqksf gj smf

Gjsfujksgdjki Ndiifogksf Qudoukllgjo Ndjsf~s -GNQN' uvj e smf K~~dngksgdj

bdu Ndlqvsgjo Lknmgjfu -KNL'*;5 Smg~) db ndvu~f) g~ qufng~fi smf ~dus

db dvsndlf UÎ^ wk~ gjsfjcfc sd qudcvnf k~ gs gjrdirf~ ~skjckuc~,ek~fc

fjokoflfjs wgsm smf wduic dvs~gcf db Jdusm @dufk* Gs ki~d giiv~suksf~ Jdusm

@dufkj ndlbdus gj ndiikeduksgjo wgsm ^V kjc smf @dufk ^dngfs*

Budl k oideki,fjokoflfjs kjc ~ngfjsgn,nddqfuksgdj qfu~qfnsgrf) Jdusm

@dufk~ qkusgngqksgdj gj smf GNQN quf~fjsfc k ~gojgnkjs dqqdusvjgs* Ks smks

qdgjs) V kjc smf @dufk dngfs kqqudknmfc smf Vjgsfc Edkuc bdu Nmug~sgkj

Mgomfu Fcvnksgdj gj K~gk sd ~ff gb gs wdvic ef keif kjc wgiigjo sd ~vqqif,

lfjs f}g~sgjo UÎ^ bvjc~ sd ~vqqdus sukrfi nd~s~ bdu k cfifoksgdj budl smf

Lgjg~su db Fcvnksgdj sd lffs wgsm ^V kjc smf @dufk ^dngfs gj Efghgjo*

Smf Vjgsfc Edkuc uf~qdjcfc edsm qd~gsgrfi kjc {vgnì*

K~ k ndj~f{vfjnf) k qikjjgjo lffsgjo wk~ ~fs bdu Efghgjo cvugjo smf wff`

db ;= Hvjf 5112* Smf Jdusm @dufkj cfifoksgdj wk~ mfkcfc e k Lgjg~su

db Fcvnksgdj cgufnsdu ofjfuki kjc gjnivcfc kccgsgdjki ufquf~fjsksgrf~ budl

smf lgjg~su k~ wfii k~ k lflefu db @KQF^*

UÎ^ ~f~~gdj gj Efghgjo -Kvov~s 5112'


14/21


Smf lffsgjo~ qudrfc sd ef f}suflfi qudcvnsgrf) kjc wf wfuf keif sd cg~,

nv~~ quknsgnki g~~vf~ ~vnm k~ smf jffc bdu Gjsfujfs knnf~~ sd qkusgngqksf gj smf

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15/21

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16/21

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17/21

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18/21

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19/21

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20/21


21/21

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academic science engagement with north korea by hyunjin seo

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