7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 1/12

 This presentation was produced and is copyrighted by Stewart- Peterson®, Inc. 2004-2005. Permission is

granted or use by acti!e "g#d$et.com® subscribers. "%% other use is prohibited.

ST#&"'T-P#T#'S($ and ")#*$#T.+( are registered trademars o Stewart-Peterson, Inc.

  C104 Functional

  natomy of Fish

Aquaculture Library

7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 2/12

What is the value of learning

about fish anatomy?

• Classify and recognize types of fish

• Distinguish between the sexes

• Spot and diagnose disease

7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 3/12

External anatomy

• Morphology (structure and form) canaffect feeding and type of culture facility.

• ish with small! upturnedmouths generally areherbi"ores and#or surfacefeeders li$e tilapia.

• ish with downturnedmouths are generallybottom feeders li$e catfish.

7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 4/12

What tail fins tell us

• Single%lobed or homocercal tail fins

suggest that fish are slow swimmers and

sur"i"e well in water free of muchmo"ement.

• ish with for$ed or heterocercal tail fins

are fast swimmers and prefer flowingwater.

7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 5/12

What bo!y sha"e tells us

• ish li$e trout! with a body long and tapered

towards the ends! are the best swimmers and

need water space.• ish that are wide and flat or tend to stay on the

bottom re&uire lots of bottom space for growth.

• ish that are rounded and thin from side to side

or laterally compressed tend to ho"er in the

water and are not particularly fast swimmers.

7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 6/12

#o!y regions

'. ead (from the tip of snout to the posterior

edge of the operculum the co"ering o"er the

gills)*. +run$ (from the operculum to the anus)

,. +ail (from the anus to the end of the caudal fin).

Head

Trunk Tail

7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 7/12

$ore bo!y "arts

• ins-

Single dorsal fins! anal fin and caudal (tail) fin

and paired pectoral and pel"ic ("entral) fins.

• /ther Structures- teeth in some fish! nostrils or

nares! eyes! mouth! the operculum! scales!

lateral line! anus and urogenital opening

• Scales-0ony or horny shaped plates in o"erlapping

rows. Some fish li$e catfish do not ha"e scales.

7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 8/12

%urfaces

• Dorsal upper surface

• 1entral lower or abdominal surface

•  2nterior front or head• 3osterior or caudal tail or rear 

Dorsal

Ventral

Anterior   Posterior

or caudal

7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 9/12

& #o!y %ystems

'. S$eletal rigid framewor$ gi"ing shape and

protection

*. Muscular pro"ides internal and externalmo"ement

,. Digesti"e con"erts feed for use in the body

4. 5xcretory eliminates wastes

6. 7espiratory ta$es in oxygen and eliminates

carbon dioxide

7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 10/12

& #o!y %ystems

8. Circulatory distributes blood

throughout the body

9. :er"ous pro"ides information andcon"eys impulses throughout the body

;. Sensory sight! touch! taste! small!

sound<. 7eproducti"e creates new organisms

7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 11/12

'he s(im bla!!er

•  2 long! thin%walled sac! located dorsal in

the body ca"ity (near the bac$bone) and

attached to the pharynx• Controls the buoyancy of a fish

• =mportant for hearing in some species

• :ot present in all fish

7/17/2019 ac104ill

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ac104ill 12/12

 This presentation was produced and is copyrighted by Stewart- Peterson®, Inc. 2004-2005. Permission is

granted or use by acti!e "g#d$et.com® subscribers. "%% other use is prohibited.

ST#&"'T-P#T#'S($ and ")#*$#T +( are registered trademars o Stewart-Peterson Inc

www.agednet.com

800-236-7862

USFWS illustrations: tilapia and channel catfish by Duane Raver;

Atlantic salmon by Timothy Knepp