absolute rulers of russia chapter 21, section 4. section opener peter the great makes many changes...
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Absolute Rulers of Absolute Rulers of RussiaRussia
Chapter 21, Section 4Chapter 21, Section 4
Section OpenerSection Opener
Peter the Great makes many Peter the Great makes many changes in Russia to try to make it changes in Russia to try to make it more like western Europemore like western Europe
The First CzarThe First Czar Ivan the TerribleIvan the Terrible
– In 1533, Ivan the Terrible In 1533, Ivan the Terrible becomes king of Russiabecomes king of Russia
– Struggles for power with Struggles for power with boyarsboyars—landowning nobles.—landowning nobles.
– Seizes power and is crowned Seizes power and is crowned czar, meaning “caesar”czar, meaning “caesar”
Rule by TerrorRule by Terror– In 1560, Ivan turns against In 1560, Ivan turns against
boyars, kills them, seizes boyars, kills them, seizes landslands
Rise of the RomanovsRise of the Romanovs– Ivan’s heir is weak, leading Ivan’s heir is weak, leading
to period of turmoilto period of turmoil– In 1613, Michael Romanov In 1613, Michael Romanov
becomes czarbecomes czar
Peter the Great Comes to Peter the Great Comes to PowerPower
The Rise of PeterThe Rise of Peter– Peter the Great Peter the Great
becomes czar in 1696, becomes czar in 1696, begins to reform begins to reform RussiaRussia
Russia Contrasts with Russia Contrasts with EuropeEurope– Cut off geographically Cut off geographically
from Europefrom Europe– Culturally isolated, Culturally isolated,
little contact with little contact with western Europewestern Europe
– Religious differences Religious differences widen gapwiden gap
Peter Rules AbsolutelyPeter Rules Absolutely
Peter Visits the WestPeter Visits the West– In 1697, Peter visits western Europe to learn In 1697, Peter visits western Europe to learn
European waysEuropean ways Peter’s GoalPeter’s Goal
– Goal of Goal of westernizationwesternization—using western —using western Europe as a model for changeEurope as a model for change
Peter’s ReformsPeter’s Reforms– Brings Orthodox Church under state controlBrings Orthodox Church under state control– Reduces power of great landownersReduces power of great landowners– Modernizes army by having European officers Modernizes army by having European officers
train soldierstrain soldiers
Peter Rules Absolutely Peter Rules Absolutely (continued)(continued)
Westernizing RussiaWesternizing Russia– Introduces potatoesIntroduces potatoes– Starts Russia’s first newspaperStarts Russia’s first newspaper– Raises women’s statusRaises women’s status– Adopts Western fashionAdopts Western fashion– Advances educationAdvances education
Peter Rules Absolutely Peter Rules Absolutely (continued)(continued)
Establishing St. PetersburgEstablishing St. Petersburg– Peter wants a seaport that will make Peter wants a seaport that will make
travel to West easier.travel to West easier.– Fights Sweden to win port on Baltic SeaFights Sweden to win port on Baltic Sea– In 1703, begins building new capital In 1703, begins building new capital
called St. Petersburg.called St. Petersburg.– Building city takes many years, many Building city takes many years, many
serfs die in process.serfs die in process.– By the time of Peter’s death, Russia is By the time of Peter’s death, Russia is
force to be reckoned with in Europeforce to be reckoned with in Europe
““English Embankment,” English Embankment,” St. Petersburg, RussiaSt. Petersburg, Russia
Palace Square, St. Palace Square, St. PetersburgPetersburg
Church of the Savior on Spilt Church of the Savior on Spilt Blood,Blood,
St. Petersburg, RussiaSt. Petersburg, Russia