abb ltd. -...
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ABBABB Power Distribution
ABB LTD.
9 ABB Ltd. was originally a JVC between the Vietnamese Transformers Manufacture CTBT and the International Electromechanical group ABB
9 Company was established 1st Sep. 1994
Distribution Transformers Factory
ABB Ltd. FACTORY IN HANOI
ABB Power Distribution
ISO 9001 Certificate
ABB Power Distribution
Small DistributionTransformers(31.5-250 kVA)
Oil Type
Construction features
DescriptionABB Distribution Transformers manufactures three phase oil type small distribution transformerswithin the range up to 250 kVA and 36kV. The transformers are adaptable for pole mounting orassembly in substations.
Standard featuresHermetically sealed transformers completely filled with oil:-Corrugating tanks-High and low voltage bushings in accordance with DIN 42531 and DIN 42530-Off-circuit tap changer in five positions-Lifting lugs-Earthing terminals Pressure relief valve.-Thermometer pocket in accordance with DIN 42554 (standard form 50 kVA)-Filling pipe.-Drain cock-Rating plate-Uninhibited oilOil level indicator.
Transformers can also be manufactured with conservators.
Other product types with different dimensions and technical specifications can be designed andmanufactured on request.
ABB Power Distribution
CoreThe magnetic circuit is of the three-column type with mitred joints. It is manufactured with first-rate, grain oriented silicon iron sheets insulated with carlite. The mounted core is clamped downin order to reduce vibrations and minimize noise levels.
WindingsThe windings are either made of copper or aluminum; they are insulated with either purecellulose or double enamel. Furthermore, the complete columns are manufactured to withstandshort circuit stresses.
Off-circuit tap changerThe tapping (±2 x 2.5%) of the HV winding, are connected to the off-circuit tap changer locatedhorizontally between the yoke and the tank cover. The handle is located on the cover and shouldbe operated when the transformer is deactivated. The design prevents setting the off-circuit tapchanger to intermediate positions. The mechanism can also be padlocked during normaltransformer operation.
Insulating oilThe mineral oil with its electrical and chemical characteristics is in compliance with the IECStandards and is P.C.B. and P.C.T. free.
Tank and coverThe sides of the tank are made of corrugatedcooling surfaces. The bottom plate, side andframes are of welded construction. The weldsare tested for oil tightness. The thermometerpockets, bushings, tap switch drive and liftinglugs are fitted on the tank cover. The cover isbolted to the tank frame. The undercarriage iswelded the bottom plate and the rollers aresuitable for either longitudinal or transversemovements.
Painting and surfacetreatment
Transformers are either hot-dip galvanized orpainted. The metal parts are carefullysandblasted. The painting system is a powdercoated. The topcoat is RAL 7033 orcustomized. The hot-dip galvanizing is 70 umminimum.
ABB Power Distribution
Options and accessories-Plug-in bushings on HV-Max thermometer-Dial type thermometer with two contacts.-Off-circuit tap changer with 3 or 7 positions-Skid base-Bi-directional rollers Sparking gaps.-Pressure relief device with contacts.-Cable boxes-Integrated pole brackets on tank.Total enclosure on cover over HV and LV bushings.
TestingThe transformers are manufactured in accordance with ISO 9001. At the end of the manufacturing process the transformers are individually tested in accordance with theIEC Standards.
The routine tests are:a) Measurement of the winding resistanceb) Measurement of the voltage ratio and check of the vector groupc) Measurement of the impedance voltage and measurement of load lossesd) Measurement of no load losses and no local currente) Dielectric tests
Upon request, witnessed type/special tests can be carried out.
ABB Power Distribution
KVA
HV1
(V)
HV2
(V)
LV (V
)
Vect
or G
roup
Impe
danc
e (%
)
NLLo
oss
(W)
LLoo
ss (W
)
Nois
e le
vel (
dB)
Tota
l wei
ght (
kg)
Oil
wei
ght (
kg)
Leng
th (m
m)
LW
idth
(mm
)W
Heig
th (m
m)
H
Wee
n ba
se (m
m)
D
50 10000 400 YynO 4.0 200 1,250 50 410 140 880 730 1150 52050 15000 400 YynO 4.0 200 1,250 50 410 140 880 730 1225 52050 22000 400 YynO 4.0 200 1,250 50 410 140 880 730 1225 52050 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 105 900 48 450 140 880 680 1210 52050 35000 400 YynO 4.5 240 1,250 50 480 180 910 740 1380 52050 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 200 1,250 50 430 160 880 730 1265 52050 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 200 1,250 50 450 180 880 730 1350 52050 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 200 1,250 50 450 180 880 730 1350 520100 10000 400 YynO 4.0 320 2050 52 560 170 900 730 1180 520100 15000 400 YynO 4.0 320 2050 52 560 164 900 730 1255 520100 20000 400 YynO 4.0 320 2050 52 560 164 900 730 1255 520100 22000 400 YynO 4.0 320 2050 52 560 164 900 730 1255 520100 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 285 1720 52 600 180 980 735 1280 520100 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 170 1450 49 680 180 960 730 1280 520100 22000 6000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 320 2050 52 590 200 900 730 1420 520100 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 328 1800 50 615 175 960 740 1150 520100 35000 400 YynO 4.5 360 2050 52 710 240 1010 750 1455 520100 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 360 2050 52 720 260 1010 750 1530 520100 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 320 2050 52 610 230 900 730 1250 520100 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 320 2050 52 610 220 900 730 1350 520100 22000 11000 400 Dyn11 4.5 320 2050 52 610 220 900 730 1350 520100 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 320 2050 52 610 220 900 730 1350 520160 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 500 2950 52 820 230 1280 790 1240 520160 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 500 2950 52 820 230 1280 790 1315 520160 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 500 2950 52 820 230 1280 790 1315 520160 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 260 1980 52 850 210 990 780 1350 520160 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 462 2545 52 765 195 1020 740 1235 520160 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 530 2950 52 945 305 1160 765 1510 520160 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 530 2950 52 970 330 1160 765 1575 520160 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 500 2950 52 850 220 1280 790 1450 520160 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 500 2950 52 850 260 1280 790 1450 520160 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 500 2950 52 850 260 1280 790 1450 520
ABB Power Distribution
KVA
HV1
(V)
HV2
(V)
LV (V
)
Vect
or G
roup
Impe
danc
e (%
)
NLL
ooss
(W)
LLoo
ss (W
)
Noi
se le
vel (
dB)
Tota
l wei
ght (
kg)
Oil
wei
ght (
kg)
Leng
th (m
m)
LW
idth
(mm
)W
Hei
gth
(mm
)H
Wee
n ba
se (m
m)
D
180 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 530 3150 52 830 220 1280 790 1240 520180 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 530 3150 52 830 220 1280 790 1315 520180 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 580 3150 52 970 300 1160 765 1510 520180 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 580 3150 52 985 300 1160 765 1575 520180 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 530 3150 52 870 245 1280 790 1360 520180 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 530 3150 52 870 250 1280 790 1450 520180 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 530 3150 52 870 250 1280 790 1450 520200 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 550 3450 52 895 240 1310 810 1265 520200 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 550 3450 52 895 240 1310 810 1340 520200 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 550 3450 52 895 240 1310 810 1340 520200 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 600 3450 52 1065 320 1395 850 1540 520200 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 600 3450 52 1080 330 1395 850 1610 520200 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 550 3450 52 900 250 1310 810 1370 520200 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 550 3450 52 930 280 1310 810 1450 520250 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 640 4100 54 1050 275 1390 840 1305 520250 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 640 4100 54 1050 275 1390 840 1380 520250 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 640 3000 54 1050 275 1390 840 1380 520250 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 360 3565 50 1100 270 1080 770 1440 520250 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 610 4100 53 1000 225 1300 770 1280 520250 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 680 4100 53 1170 340 1450 880 1565 520250 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 680 4100 53 1180 350 1450 880 1630 520250 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 640 4100 54 1070 280 1390 840 1405 520250 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 640 4100 54 1070 280 1390 840 1485 520250 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 640 4100 54 1070 280 1390 840 1485 520
Medium DistributionTransformers
(250 - 1300 kVA)
ABB Power Distribution
Oil Type
Construction features
DescriptionMDT transformers are used to step down three phasehigh voltage to low voltage for power distribution,mainly in metropolitan areas and for industrialapplications. The transformers in standard version aredesigned for use in moderate climates and can beinstalled both outdoors and indoors: The loading is inaccordance with IEC 354. MDT transformers arehermetically sealed (the tank is completely filled withoil) or equipped with oil conservator. Both types areequipped with flexible corrugated tank walls enablingsufficient cooling of the transformers. They alsocompensate for the changes in the oil volume duringoperation. An advantage of the hermetically sealedtransformers is that the oil is never in contact with theatmosphere thus avoiding periodic oil analysis.
Standard featuresHermetically sealed.
- Oil filling pipe on thecover.
- Oil-level indicator.- The two filling lugs on
the cover are made forlifting the transformeror its removable part.
- Corrugated tank.
- Undercarriage with bi-directional rollers.
- Pressure relief vales.- Oil drain valve.- Off-circuit tap changer
handle.- Earthing terminals.- Rating plate.
Additionally, for transformer (Rated power >= 1000kVA)
- Max thermometer. - Buchholz relay.
CoreThe cores of the transformers are made of grain orientedmagnetic, cold-rolled silicon steel laminations with lowlosses.
WindingsThe windings of the transformers are made of the highgrade electrolytic copper or aluminum. The HighVoltage windings are wound either with round, enamelinsulated, or shaped, paper insulated wire. The lowvoltage windings are wound with shaped, paperinsulated wire of foil. The winding construction ischaracterized by high dielectric strength with highresistance to atmospheric surges and to the effects ofshort-circuits. Neutral points of the Low Voltagewindings are brought to the tank cover.
Off-circuit tap changerThe off-circuit tap changer is of a 5 position typeconnected on the High Voltage side with handle locatedon the cover. The tap changer should be operated onlywhen the transformer is deactivated.
ABB Power Distribution
Insulating oilThe mineral oil with its electrical and chemicalcharacteristics is in compliance with the IEC Standardsand is P.C.B. and P.C.T. free.
Tank and coverThe cover is bolted to the tank frame. The transformerundercarriage is provided with bi-directional rollersturntable by π/2 rad (90o) to allow longitudinal andtransverse movement on flat surface.
Painting and surface treatmentAll metal parts are carefully sandblasted. Externalsurfaces are painted immediately after pretreatment withan anti-prime coat. The finishing coat would be powdercoated at 50 µm. If requested a hot-dip galvanizedcorrugated steel tank can be provided.
Options and accessories- Plug-in- Sparking gaps- Pressure relief device
with contacts- Cable boxes- Integrated pole brackets
on tank
- Skid base- Bi-directional rollers- Total enclosure on
cover over HV and LVbushings.
TestingThe transformers are manufactured in accordance withISO 9001. At the end of the manufacturing process the
transformers are individually tested in accordance withthe IEC Standards.
The routine tests are:a) Measurement of the winding resistanceb) Measurement of the voltage ratio and check of the
vector groupc) Measurement of the impedance voltage and
measurement of load lossesd) Measurement of no load losses and no local currente) Dielectric tests
Upon request, witnessed type/special tests can be carriedout.
Conservator transformer type
KVA
HV1
(V)
HV2
(V)
LV(V
)
Vect
or G
roup
Impe
danc
e (%
)
No-
Load
Los
s(W
)
Load
Los
s (W
)
Noi
se le
vel (
dB)
Tota
l wei
ght (
kg)
Oil
wei
ght
Leng
th (m
m)
L
Wid
th (m
m)
W
Hei
ght (
mm
)H
Whe
el b
ase
(mm
)D
315 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 720 4850 54 1210 305 1400 890 1340 670315 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 720 4850 54 1210 305 1400 890 1415 670315 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 720 4850 54 1210 305 1400 890 1415 670315 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 800 4850 54 1410 395 1485 900 1615 670315 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 800 4850 54 1450 410 1485 900 1685 670315 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 720 4850 54 1250 315 1400 890 1410 670315 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 720 4850 54 1270 330 1400 890 1490 670315 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 720 4850 54 1270 330 1400 890 1490 670400 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 880 5750 54 1400 335 1490 880 1380 670400 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 880 5750 54 1400 335 1490 880 1455 670400 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 880 5750 54 1400 335 1490 880 1455 670400 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 500 3700 51 1650 335 1200 770 1450 670400 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 980 5750 54 1600 415 1540 925 1630 670
ABB Power Distribution
KVA
HV1
(V)
HV2
(V)
LV(V
)
Vect
or G
roup
Impe
danc
e (%
)
No-
Load
Los
s(W
)
Load
Los
s (W
)
Noi
se le
vel (
dB)
Tota
l wei
ght (
kg)
Oil
wei
ght
Leng
th (m
m)
L
Wid
th (m
m)
W
Hei
ght (
mm
)H
Whe
el b
ase
(mm
)D
400 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 980 5750 54 1680 400 1540 925 1710 670400 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 880 5750 54 1450 350 1490 880 1470 670400 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 880 5750 54 1490 380 1490 880 1550 670400 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 880 5750 54 1490 380 1490 880 1550 670500 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 950 7000 54 1700 400 1550 930 1480 670500 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 950 7000 54 1700 400 1550 930 1555 670500 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 950 7000 54 1700 400 1550 930 1555 670500 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1000 7000 54 1840 480 1610 930 1735 670500 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 1000 7000 54 1890 500 1610 980 1790 670500 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 950 7000 54 1690 400 1550 930 1545 670500 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 950 7000 54 1710 420 1550 930 1625 670500 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 950 7000 54 1710 420 1550 930 1625 670560 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 1000 7500 54 1660 390 1530 940 1450 670560 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 1000 7500 54 1660 390 1530 940 1530 670560 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1100 7500 54 1900 500 1640 1020 1720 670560 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 1100 7500 54 1980 550 1460 1020 1740 670560 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1000 7500 54 1790 440 1530 940 1620 670560 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1000 7500 54 1820 460 1530 940 1700 670560 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 1000 7500 54 1820 460 1530 940 1700 670630 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 1200 8200 55 1980 440 1585 955 1485 670630 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 1200 8200 55 1980 440 1585 955 1560 670630 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 1200 8200 55 1980 440 1585 955 1560 670630 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1300 8200 55 2230 560 1640 960 1760 670630 22000 400 Dyn11 5.0 705 5100 54 2200 450 1600 920 1480 670630 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 1300 8200 55 2250 580 1640 960 1830 670630 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1200 8200 55 1980 480 1585 955 1590 670630 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1200 8200 55 1980 480 1585 955 1670 670630 22000 11000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1200 8200 55 1980 480 1585 955 1670 670630 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 1200 8200 55 1980 480 1585 955 1670 670750 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1400 10000 56 2260 510 1730 1035 1505 670750 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1400 10000 56 2260 510 1730 1035 1580 670750 22000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1400 10000 56 2260 510 1730 1035 1580 670750 35000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1520 10000 56 2390 610 1720 1000 1505 670750 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 5.0 1520 10000 56 2500 660 1720 1000 1505 670750 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10000 56 2350 560 1730 1035 1850 670750 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10000 56 2500 600 1730 1035 1660 670750 22000 10500 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10000 56 2500 600 1730 1035 1660 670750 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 5.0 1400 10000 56 2500 600 1730 1035 1660 670800 10000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10500 56 2300 510 1730 1035 1505 670800 15000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10500 56 2300 510 1730 1035 1580 670800 22000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10500 56 2300 510 1730 1035 1580 670
ABB Power Distribution
KVA
HV1
(V)
HV2
(V)
LV(V
)
Vect
or G
roup
Impe
danc
e (%
)
No-
Load
Los
s(W
)
Load
Los
s (W
)
Noi
se le
vel (
dB)
Tota
l wei
ght (
kg)
Oil
wei
ght
Leng
th (m
m)
L
Wid
th (m
m)
W
Hei
ght (
mm
)H
Whe
el b
ase
(mm
)D
800 22000 400 Dyn11 6.0 965 4840 56 3200 580 1520 970 1485 670800 35000 400 Dyn11 6.5 1520 10500 56 2480 630 1720 1000 1760 670800 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 6.5 1520 10500 56 2550 660 1720 1000 1850 670800 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 5.5 1400 10500 56 2450 580 1730 1035 1575 670800 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 5.5 1400 10500 56 2500 600 1730 1035 1660 670800 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 5.5 1400 10500 56 2500 600 1730 1035 1660 6701000 10000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1750 13000 57 2800 640 1725 1025 1690 8201000 15000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1750 13000 57 2800 640 1725 1025 1740 8201000 22000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1750 13000 57 2800 640 1725 1025 1740 8201000 35000 400 Dyn11 6.5 1900 13000 57 3100 770 1800 1040 1850 8201000 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 6.5 1900 13000 57 3150 800 1800 1040 1920 8201000 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 5.5 1750 13000 57 2850 690 1725 1025 1740 8201000 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 5.5 1750 13000 57 3000 710 1725 1025 1790 8201000 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 5.5 1750 13000 57 3000 710 1725 1025 1790 8201250 10000 400 Dyn11 6.0 2050 15000 58 3400 770 1980 1185 1700 8201250 15000 400 Dyn11 6.0 2050 15000 58 3400 770 1980 1185 1750 8201250 22000 400 Dyn11 6.0 2050 15000 58 3400 770 1980 1185 1750 8201250 35000 400 Dyn11 6.5 2150 15000 58 3800 900 2020 1240 1885 8201250 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 6.5 2050 15000 58 4000 920 2020 1240 1930 8201250 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 6.5 2050 15000 58 3550 800 1980 1185 1750 8201250 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 6.5 2050 15000 58 3600 820 1980 1185 1820 8201250 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 6.5 2050 15000 58 3600 820 1980 1185 1820 820
SPECIFICATIONFOR
DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER
CONTENTS
1.0 Scope2.0 Codes and Standards3.0 Quality Assurance4.0 Transformer Technical Requirement5.0 Test6.0 Accessories7.0 Documentation8.0 Parts
1.0 SCOPE
1.1 The ABB Distribution transformer design is the basis for this specification.1.2 This specification together with the applicable Transformer Data Sheet provides the
technical requirements for the design, manufacture and test of distributiontransformers.
1.3 This specification covers only the general requirements of the transformer. The specificrequirements are stated on detailed on the Transformer Data Sheet.
2.0 CODES AND STANDARDS
2.1 All codes and standards referenced in this specification shall be those in effect at thetime of Purchase Order award. Deviations from this specification and referencedcodes and standards shall be obtained in writing from Buyer.
2.1.1 International Electrical Committee Standards ( IEC)
2.1.2 Vietnamese Standards ( TCVN)
2.1.3 Customized
2.1 It shall be the Seller’s responsibility to be, or to become, knowledgeable of therequirements of these Codes and Standards. Any required changes or alterations tothe equipment to meet the Codes and Standards requirements shall be at the expenseof the Seller.
2.2 Equipment proposed by the Seller that cannot fully meet the requirements of thisspecification shall have all exceptions clearly stated in the proposal. No exception shallbe allowed, unless approved by the Buyer in writing.
3.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE
3.1 ABB Transformers Ltd have specialized in the design, manufacture and assembly ofdistribution transformers for a minimum of 5 years.
3.2 We had a well documented quality assurance program, which includes procedures forall activities in order entry, design, material procurement, manufacturing processes,testing, shipping and post shipment product follow.
3.3 Our test floor had a documented calibration program. All equipment have receivedregular calibrations. Calibration standards shall be traceable to National Bureau ofStandards. Records of all equipment calibration shall be made available to the Buyerupon request.
3.4 ABB Transformers Ltd. is certified to ISO 9001:1994 for design and manufacture ofPower Distribution Transformer. A certificate of Compliance to this requirement shall beprovided with the proposal.
4.0 TRANSFORMER TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT
4.1 Winding Characteristics
4.1.1 All windings and internal connections shall be copper or aluminum.
4.1.2 The windings shall be tightly wound utilizing tension devices to place theconductor into the
coils.
4.1.3 For optimum dielectric and mechanical strength, a minimum of two sheets ofepoxy coated insulation shall be placed between each layer in the winding.
4.1.4 Sheet conductor shall be used in secondary winding to minimize vertical shortcircuit forces.
4.1.5 The transformer shall be designed and constructed to be completely selfprotected by its ability to withstand the external short-circuits, as defined by IECstandard.
4.1.6 The transformer design shall be capable of operating above rated voltage orbelow rated frequency in accordance with IEC standard.
4.1.7 The impedance shall be as specified on the Transformer Data Sheet. (IECtolerance shall apply.)
4.2 Sound Level
The distribution transformer shall be designed and constructed to minimize theaudible noise generated with the transformer energized at rated voltage in operation.The acceptable noise level shall be in accordance with NEMA standard TR 1.
4.2 Bushings
4.2.1 High voltage and low voltage bushings shall be furnished with the ratingsshown on the Transformer Data Sheet.
4.2.2 The bushings shall be cover mounted and suitable for high and low voltageterminations as indicated on the Transformer Data Sheet.
4.2.3 Bushing location other than cover will be so documented on the TransformerData Sheet.
4.3 Core
4.3.1 The core shall be clamped and braced to resist distortion caused by short-circuit stresses within rating or transportation handling and to prevent theshifting of core laminations.
4.3.2 The core shall be constructed of high-grade, grain oriented, silicon steellaminations, with high magnetic permeability. Core construction shall haveproper joints to keep core losses, excitation current and noise level at aminimum.
4.5 De-Energized Tap Changer
4.5.1 A manually operated de-energized tap changer shall be provided for changingthe primary winding taps.
4.5.2 Full capacity taps shall be located in the high voltage windings and shall be inaccordance with the Transformer Data Sheet.
4.5.3 The tap changer shall be capable of carrying the full transformer short-circuitcurrent without damage or contact separation.
4.5.4 The tap changer shall be gang operated from a single operating point and shallhave a position indicator.
4.5.5 The tap changer operating mechanism shall include provisions for pad lockingin each tap position.
4.6 Insulating Fluid And Preservation System
4.6.1 The fluid preservation system shall be a sealed tank type.
4.6.2 The insulating fluid shall be mineral oil or Silicone oil.
4.6.3 The transformer insulating fluid shall be certified to contain no detectablePCB’s at the time of shipment and the tank shall be so labeled. Certificationshall also be provided that the transformer and components have not beencontaminated with PCB’s prior to shipment.
4.6.4 The transformer insulating fluid shall meet or exceed the requirements of theappropriate IEC and ASTM fluid Standards. The transformer fluid shall betested for dielectric breakdown and moisture content just prior at the time ofshipment.
4.7 Tank Design
4.7.1 The transformer tank, cooling equipment and compartments subject topressures shall be designed to withstand, without permanent deformation,pressures of at least twenty-five percent greater than maximum operatingpressures. The maximum design withstand pressure shall be indicated on thenameplate.
4.7.2 Tank design shall include sufficient expansion volume to allow operation underspecified load conditions.
4.7.3 The main cover shall be bolted onto the tank.
4.7.4 One or more handholds shall be provided in the tank cover for access tobushing connections and current transformers, when required. The openingshall be of sufficient size to allow removal of any CT.
4.7.5 The transformer base shall be suitable for rolling or skidding in the direction ofeither tank base centerline.
4.7.6 The base shall be designed so the center of gravity of the transformer asassembled for transport does not fall outside the base for a tilt of fifteendegrees.
4.7.7 Lifting lugs shall be provided at each corner of the tank. The lifting lugs shall bedesigned to provide a minimum safety factor of 5.
4.7.8 Jacking area, pads or bosses shall be provided. When required.
4.7.9 Pulling provisions, for towing the transformer parallel to either centerline, shallbe provided.
4.8 Gaskets
4.8.1 The gaskets shall be compatible for the insulating fluid in the transformer tank.
4.8.2 Gaskets in continuous contact with Silicone fluid shall be Viton material.
4.8.3 Metal surfaces to which gaskets are applied shall be smooth, and shall havesufficient rigidity to assure proper compression of the gaskets.
4.9 Cooling System
The transformer shall be self-cooled.
4.10 Grounding Provisions
4.10.1 All non-energized metallic components of the transformer shall be grounded.
4.10.2 Tank grounding provisions shall consist of one ground pad, welded to the baseor to the tank wall near the base.
4.11 Wiring
4.11.1 All devices mounted on the transformer shall be wired to the connection box.
4.11.2 Wiring shall be terminated with a ring-type insulated compression lug.
4.11.3 Each wire shall be identified with a wire marker.
4.11.4 All symbols and wiring identification systems shall be in accordance with theapplicable IEC standard.
4.12 Nameplates
4.12.1 Transformer shall be furnished with a non-corrosive diagrammatic nameplate,permanently attached with non-corrosive hardware. The diagrammaticnameplate shall include the name of the manufacturer of the equipment as wellas the location where the transformer was manufactured and tested. In
addition, the transformer manufacturer and location of manufacture is to besupplied at the time of quotation.
4.12.2 The nameplate shall contain all connection and rating information inaccordance with IEC standard, plus the approximate weight of parts to be liftedfor un-tanking, type and quantity of oil, and the date of manufacture.
4.13 Exterior Finish
4.13.1 The transformer painting system shall be the Seller’s standard. The transformershall be thoroughly sandblasted and phosphortized, then powder painting.
5.0 TEST
5.1 Testing
5.1.1 Each transformer shall receive all standard routine tests as required by IEC
5.1.2 Short Circuit withstand capability shall be verified by full short circuit tests onsimilar or larger units in accordance with the latest revision of IEC standard.Short Circuit withstand verification shall be submitted to the purchaser, uponrequest, prior to shipment of the t ransformers.
5.1.3 Optional tests, as indicated on the Transformer Data Sheet, will also be required.
5.1.4 The test facility used to perform loss tests shall utilize test equipment withcalibration done by authorized office.
5.1.5 A certified test report shall be submitted and shall contain the test data for eachtransformer serial number manufactured. The certified test report shall as aminimum contain the data as specified in IEC.
6.0 ACCESSORIES
6.1 The transformer shall be equipped with a complete set of standard accessories.
6.1.1 Magnetic oil level indicator6.1.2 Thermometer pocket.6.1.3 Pressure relief valve.6.1.4 Oil filling pipe.6.1.5 Drain valve.
6.2 Optional accessories as indicated on the Transformer Data Sheet.
6.2.1 Winding hot-spot temperature indicator with alarm contacts.6.2.2 Pressure relief device with alarm contacts.6.2.3 Thermometer with contacts6.2.4 Customized.
7.0 DOCUMENTATION
7.1 Drawing Requirements
7.1.1 The required drawing format is specified on the Transformer Data Sheet.7.1.2 The outline drawings shall be completely dimensioned and, as a minimum,
show the following:
a. High voltage and low voltage bushing details.b. Location of all handholds.c. Location and identification of all accessories.d. Size and location of all conduit entrances for Buyers connections.e. Ground pad locations.
7.1.3 Wiring diagrams7.1.3.1 Detailed connection (wiring) diagrams shall show the following:
a. Interconnecting wiring of all components of the forced coolingequipment.
b. Wiring of all devices with switches and relays, or electrical connections,including current transformers.
c. Identification of all terminal blocks and all connections to be made byBuyer.
7.2 Nameplate drawing
7.2.1 A nameplate drawing showing required IEC information shall be provided.
7.3 Installation, Operating, and Maintenance Instructions
7.3.1 The seller shall provide an instruction, operating and maintenance manualcovering all equipment furnished.
8.0 PARTS
8.1 The Seller shall provide a renewal parts list to the Buyer.
Instruction Bulletin
1. Table of Contents:1. Table of Contents2. General Safety Notes3. Receiving of Inspections4. Storage5. Installation6. Operation7. Periodic Maintenance and inspection8. Trouble shooting guide
2. General Safety NotesThe transformer is equipped with three earthing terminals, one on the coverand two others on the bottom. The transformer main earth must beconnected to one of these earthing terminals.Transformer without cable boxes are not personnel proof and must beplaced in a locked place where only authorized personnel are admitted.
3. Receiving Instructions3.1 Receipt of inspectionUpon arrival of the transformer, the following items shall be acted:- Scope of delivery shall be checked with the packing list.- Careful examination transformer surface and oil leakage, oil level and
accessories.- After careful examination and acceptance , the bill of delivery shall be
signed by authorized person.- If any defects are found during examination, a written claim shall be
submitted to the forwarder and ABB Transformers Ltd. Within 3 workingdays.
3.2 HandlingA proper handling for the on loading and off loading transformers areessential in order to avoid any damage to the transformer.All the provided lifting eyss or hooks must be used during the lifting of thetransformer. The use of jack is only permitted when jacking pads areavailable.Shifting, movement and vibration during transportation shall be avoided.Especial care shall be given to finwalls and to the bushings.
4. StorageIt is recommend that the transformer shall be installed and energized afterdelivered to the site with a minimum delay. However if the transformer cannot be installed immediately, a dry place and protected from any weatherconditions, preferably indoor if available, shall be used.If more than one transformer shall be stored, a minimum distance betweenthe transformers shall be acted, in order to avoid collusion and routineinspection if needed.Transformers with a storage longer than twelve months shall be checkedbefore installation. Check the oil level. Turn all manual tap-changer into
position for about 5 times. Oil sample shall be taken and analyzed if thedielectric strength of oil is still not be lower than 30 kV/2.5 mm.
5. InstallationDistribution transformers can be installed outdoor or indoor.5.1 Indoor installationTransformer can be moved to the final installation position by using wheels,rollers, crowbar or pulley. The transformer is normally natural cooled bysurrounding air, therefore a good ventilation shall be ensured. An exchangeof air in the room shall be given, so that the heat produced by thetransformer can dissipate easily.A good ventilation is ensured if the cool air can be located at the top of thetransformer room. The intake and outlet opening should be locateddiagonally across the room.As a guide, loosed of 1 kW require a cool air intake of 3 m3/min at 20 °C.For a difference of 3 m in level between air intake and outlet, the outletopening must have a cross-sectional area of about 0.4 m2 for losses of 5kW, or 0.2 m2 for 2.5 kW.Note that the area of the cooling air intake may be less than of the warm airoutlet by about 10 %. Nevertheless, the openings are to be made as wideas possible. The transformer shall be positioned at least 50 cm from thenext partition or wall, or even to the next transformer, if there is any.The transformer can be located that an easy access is ensured for anymaintenance works. The filling and draining plugs as well the couplings shallbe free to access at any time Gauges, bucholz relay and pressurecontrollers shall be visible.5.2 Outdoor installationThe transformers can be used for pole mounted or pads mounted stations.The mounting base shall strong enough to support the transformers.Especial care shall be done between the safety distances of the life parts,especially the arcing horn.5.3 Installation of dehydrating breatherThe dehydrating breather4 is used in transformer with conservator.Installation of dehydrating breather shall be done after positioning of thetransformer.- Loose nut, which is located under the conservator.- Remove the protector.- Attach the tube connection to the conservator.- Use bolts and nuts to fix the tube connection to the conservator, use
gasket between the connection and conservator.- Loose and remove the bottom of dehydrating breather and fill
transformer oil up to the level marked and tighten it again.- Tight the cover of the dehydrating breather at the conservator, use the
flat gasket between them.5.4 Inspection prior to energizingBefore energizing, check the following items:5.4.1 Check oil level by reading the oil level indicator, if the indicator issignaling white, then the transformer oil level is correct. If the indicator issignaling red, then contact with ABB Transformers Ltd. In case the
transformer with the conservator, Check oil level meter attached to theconservator with the corresponding ambient temperature. If the oil level islow, so the necessary amount of oil shall be filled.5.4.2 Check insulation resistance of the winding by using a 1000 Vmegaohm meter. The value shall be at least:- 100 MΩ between low voltage winding and earth- 250 MΩ between high voltage winding and earth- 250 MΩ between high voltage winding and low voltage windingmake sure that bushings are clean and dry before processing themeasurements. If the reading are lower than the values above, then contactABB transformers Ltd.
6. OperationThe following checks shall be done according to a schedule control andmaintenance plan during the operation of the transformer:- Oil level check- Tap changer- Pressure relief valve- Buchholz relay- ThermometerThe transformer must operate according to loading guide of IEC standard.Accessories
Transformer type Transformer typeStandard
Sealed OpenStandard
Sealed OpenBushings • • Thermometer with contacts • •Tap changer • • Thermometer w/o contact • •Thermometer pocket • • Oil level gouge with contacts •Oil drain valve • • Pressure relief device • •Earthing terminal • • Oil level gouge w/o contacts •Oil conservator • Marshaling box • •Pressure relief valve • • Buchholz relay •Dehydrating breather • HV cable box • •Lifting lug on cover • • LV cable box • •Wheels • • Name plate • •Arcing horn on HV • • • •
7. Periodic Maintenance and inspectionIt is recommended to have an annual routine inspection and maintenanceon transformer. Routine maintenance must be done by trained personneland always in de-energized and insulated condition. The maintenanceworks shall include at least:- Clean of bushings and terminals- Checking of oil level, if the oil level is too low, than check also for
possible leakage.- Testing the functionality of the protection devices- Checking the pain works and surfaces- It is not necessary to test oil under normal operation conditions.
8. Trouble shooting guide
Symptom/ Problem CausesOverheating Continuous overload; Wrong external connections; Poor
ventilation; High surrounding air temperature;Reduced or ZeroVoltage
Shorted turn; Loose primary tap connections.
Excess Secondaryvoltage
High input voltage; Improper primary tap connections.
High conductor loss Overload; tap connections not on identical tap positions.Coil distortion Coil shorted circuit.Insulation failure Continuous overload; Short circuit in the windings;
Lightening surge. Very high core temperature due to highinput voltage or low frequency.
Excessive cable heating Improper bolted connection.High voltage to ground Normally a static charge condition.Vibration and noise Low frequency; High input voltage; Core clamps loosened in
shipment or handling.High exciting current Low frequency; High input voltage; Shorted turns.High core loss Low frequency; High input voltage.Low insulationresistance
Dirty on bushings; Quality of oil.
Burned insulation Lightning surge; Switching or line disturbance; Brokenbushings; Taps or arrestors; Excess dirt or dust on coils.
Breakers or fuse open Insulation failure; Short circuit; Overload.