abailey verb tense

7/31/2019 Abailey Verb Tense

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Verb TenseVerb Tense

Tense denotes the time of the action indicatedTense denotes the time of the action indicatedby a verb. The time is not always the same asby a verb. The time is not always the same as

that indicated by the name of the tense.that indicated by the name of the tense.


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6 Types6 Types

Verb Tenses

Present Past FutureFuture

Perfect

Past

Perfect

Present

Perfect


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Present TensePresent Tense

Present tense may expressPresent tense may express

action which is going on at theaction which is going on at the

present time or which occurspresent time or which occurs

always, repeatedly, or habitually.always, repeatedly, or habitually.

Examples: HeExamples: He seessees the train.the train.

HeHe eatseats cereal for breakfastcereal for breakfast

every day.every day.


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Past TensePast Tense

Past tense expresses actionPast tense expresses action

completed at acompleted at a definitedefinite time intime in

the past.the past.

Examples: HeExamples: He wrotewrote the letterthe letter

yesterday. Sheyesterday. She livedlived to be 90to be 90

years old.years old.


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Future TenseFuture Tense

Future tense expresses actionFuture tense expresses actionwhich will take place in thewhich will take place in thefuture.future.

It uses the helping verbsIt uses the helping verbs willwillororshall*shall*and the present tenseand the present tenseform of the verb).form of the verb).

Examples: HeExamples: He will sendwill send thethe

letter tomorrow. Iletter tomorrow. I shall waitshall wait herehereuntil you return.until you return. * Traditionally,* Traditionally, shallshallis used foris used for

11stst person andperson and willwillfor 2for 2ndnd and 3and 3rdrd

persons.persons.


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Present Perfect TensePresent Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense expresses actionPresent perfect tense expresses actioncompleted at the present time (perfectcompleted at the present time (perfectmeans complete) or begun in the past andmeans complete) or begun in the past andcontinuing into the present.continuing into the present.

This tense uses the helping verbsThis tense uses the helping verbs hashas andandhavehave and the past participle of the verb.and the past participle of the verb.

Examples:Examples: HeHe has writtenhas written a letter to his uncle. (completeda letter to his uncle. (completed

action)action) The WaltonsThe Waltons have livedhave lived here for seven years.here for seven years.

(continuing)(continuing)


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Past Perfect TensePast Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense expressesPast perfect tense expresses

action completedaction completed beforebefore certaincertain

time in the past. (This is thetime in the past. (This is the

beforebefore-past tense.)-past tense.)

It uses the helping verbIt uses the helping verb hadhadandand

the past participle of the verb.the past participle of the verb.

Example: SheExample: She had writtenhad written thethe

letter before I saw her.letter before I saw her.


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Future Perfect TenseFuture Perfect Tense

Future perfect tense expressesFuture perfect tense expresses

action which will be completedaction which will be completed

before a certain time in thebefore a certain time in the

future. (This is thefuture. (This is the beforebefore-future-future

tense)tense)

It uses the helping verbsIt uses the helping verbs willwill

havehave ororshall haveshall have and the pastand the pastparticiple of the verb.participle of the verb.

Example: HeExample: He will have finishedwill have finished

the paper before next Friday.the paper before next Friday.


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Verb FormsVerb Forms

Verb Forms

Regular Irregular


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Regular VerbsRegular Verbs

Regular verbs form their pastRegular verbs form their pasttense and past participle bytense and past participle byadding ed or d to theiradding ed or d to their

present tense form.present tense form. More than 95% of all EnglishMore than 95% of all English

verbs are regular.verbs are regular.

Regular verbs cause fewRegular verbs cause fewproblems in speaking andproblems in speaking andwriting.writing.


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Regular verbs and theirRegular verbs and their

Principal PartsPrincipal Parts

PrincipalPrincipalParts:Parts:

Verb:Verb:

PresentPresentTenseTense

PresentPresentParticipleParticiple

PastPastTenseTense

PastPastParticipleParticiple

To callTo call call, callscall, calls callingcalling calledcalled (have)(have)calledcalled

To dustTo dust dust,dust,dustsdusts

dustingdusting dusteddusted (have)(have)dusteddusted


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Irregular VerbsIrregular Verbs

Irregular verbs can form theirIrregular verbs can form theirpast tense and past participlepast tense and past participleforms in various way.forms in various way.

These forms cause even nativeThese forms cause even nativespeakers innumerablespeakers innumerableproblems.problems.

The most irregular verb of all isThe most irregular verb of all isthe verbthe verb to beto be..Another irregular verb that isAnother irregular verb that is

important for its use with otherimportant for its use with other

verbs is the verbverbs is the verb to haveto have..


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Four Principal/Main PartsFour Principal/Main Parts

PrincipalPrincipalParts:Parts:

Verb:Verb:



PastPastTenseTense

PastPastParticipleParticiple

To BeTo Be be, am,be, am,are, isare, is

beingbeing was, werewas, were (have)(have)beenbeen

To HaveTo Have have, hashave, has havinghaving hadhad (have)(have)hadhad


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Other Common Irregular VerbsOther Common Irregular Verbs

and their Principal Partsand their Principal Parts

Principal PartPrincipal Part

VerbVerb



Past TensePast Tense Past ParticiplePast Participle

To seeTo see see, seessee, sees seeingseeing sawsaw (have)(have)seenseen

To doTo do do, doesdo, does doingdoing diddid (have)(have)donedone

To flyTo fly fly, fliesfly, flies flyingflying flewflew (have)(have)flownflown

To runTo run run, runsrun, runs runningrunning ranran (have) run(have) run


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ConjugationConjugation

A conjugation of a verb is theA conjugation of a verb is thecorrect arrangement of its formcorrect arrangement of its formthrough its tenses, persons, andthrough its tenses, persons, and

numbers.numbers. PersonPerson means the speaker, themeans the speaker, the

person spoken to, and theperson spoken to, and theperson or thing spoken of.person or thing spoken of.

NumberNumbermeans singular ormeans singular orplural.plural.


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Conjugation of the verb:Conjugation of the verb: to beto be

TenseTense SingularSingular PluralPlural

PresentPresent I amI amYou areYou are

He, she, it isHe, she, it is

We areWe are

You areYou are

They areThey are

PastPast I wasI wasYou wereYou were

He wasHe was

We wereWe were

You wereYou were

They wereThey were

FutureFuture I shall beI shall beYou will beYou will be

He will beHe will be

We shall beWe shall be

You will beYou will be

They will beThey will be

Present PerfectPresent Perfect I have beenI have beenYou have beenYou have been

He has beenHe has been

We have beenWe have been

You have beenYou have been

They have beenThey have been

Past PerfectPast Perfect I had beenI had beenYou had beenYou had been

He had beenHe had been

We had beenWe had been

You had beenYou had been

They had beenThey had been

Future PerfectFuture Perfect I shall have beenI shall have beenYou will have beenYou will have been

He will have beenHe will have been

We shall have beenWe shall have been

You will have beenYou will have been

They will have beenThey will have been

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