aaranya case study

7/27/2019 Aaranya Case Study

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ARANYA LOW-COST

HOUSINGINDORE

- AR. B. V. DOSHI


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CASE STUDY FACTS

Location - 6km from the centre of

Indore city, M.P.

Client- Indore Development Authority

Principal Architect - Balkrishna Doshi

Project Associate - Mr. Himanshu Parikh Structural Engineer - M/s Stein Doshi &

Bhalla, New Delhi

Project Engineers -Environmental

Engineering Consultants, Bombay

Total Built-up Area -100,000 m2

Project Cost - Rs. 100 Million

Year of completion - 1989

Award - Aga Khan award forArchitecture in 1996anard for

In

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PRE-DESIGN STAGE ANALYSIS

Objectives:

To improve and upgrade the existing slum area

To provide serviced sites for new housing developments instead of

building complete houses.

To provide for 6,500 residential plots ranging in size from 35m2 forEWS to 475m2 for high income groups

Financial Aspects:

The idea was to mix some middle income plots with EWS plots to

use the profits to raise capital towards development of local trades.

Funding 100% public sources.Sales

Local sources

National

Sources

International

Sources


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OBJECTIVES

The general objectives of Aranya were to: Create a township with a sense of continuity and fundamental

values of security in a good living environment.

Achieve a community character by establishing harmony between

the built environment and the people.

Create a balanced community of various socio-economic groups toevolve a framework through design.


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EVOLUTION OF MASTER PLAN

Plan proposed by IDA

Proposed master plan

Later stage of development to with

rectified orientation to minimize heatgain and increase shading

Initial stage of proposed plan

with distributed open spaces and

street hierarchy

N

Nto h

N

lan N


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DISTRIBUTION OF AMENITIES

Community facilities grouped in

local sub centers.

Formal organization

Community amenities distributed

evenly

Informality created

Accessibility improved

Lower level community facilitiesorganized in green spaces

Even distribution

Maintains link with town centrePedestrian access easier.


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ACCESS TO AMMENITIES ( in minutes)

N


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THE NEIGHBOURHOOD CONCEPT

Concept Slum development project

Inspiration from existing slum

settlements in Indore

Characteristics

Mixed and multiple land use

Formation of smallneighborhoods and houses

extending to the outdoors.

Small shops operating within

congested areas.

Trees planted in public places

Streets accommodating social,

economic and domestic activities.

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e


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SITE ANALYSIS

Urban Indore city 214 sq. km.

Major development along Delhi

Mumbai highway running through the

city in the north south direction

Surroundings: - Delhi-Mumbaihighway on the east

- Developing industrial areas on the

north, south and west.

- Internal city roads to the north,

south and west.

Approach through the Delhi

Mumbai highway

Site selection criteria:

- Linkages to the city

- Employment generating industrial

areas in the surroundings.


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Existing features: 1.85 hectares allotted for

existing light industries.

Geographical features: Flat site

A natural water channel

running diagonally across the

SW corner.

Top strata of the black cotton

soil 2-2.5 m thick.

Gradually sloping (Gradient :1:110 approx.) towards the

north-west corner.

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Township level:

The aim was to create a central spine. The master plan was informal with

interlinked space of cultural context, maintenance of hierarchy of road,

open spaces, a central location of basic community services.

The central spine was a focus of the converging six sectors

Six Sector level:

This enabled segregation of pedestrian and vehicular movement, good

distribution of built and unbuilt spaces by promoting interactive land use.


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N


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ZONING I

Residential commercial N


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ZONING IIDISTRIBUTION OF PLOTS ACCORDING TO INCOME

GROUPS

Lower income and economically weaker sections of the society

EWS 65% uniformly distributed

LIG 11% uniformly distributed

MIG 14% close to artery

HIG 9% arterial road


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HIERARCHY OF ROADS

N

60 m

30 m

12 m

15 m

9.5 m

4.5 m

1.5 m


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Segregation of vehicular and

pedestrian traffic

Offsets break visual monotony

Hierarchy is based on the

volume of the traffic and

activities

ROADS

The roads suit human scale

Use of cul-de-sacs to avoid

traffic


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CIRCULATION AND LINKAGES

For clear segregation of vehicular

and pedestrian traffic:

Vehicular access in the form

rectilinear and formal roads in the

hierarchy of 4.5m wide to 15m

wide road draw the vehicles

outwardly.

Pedestrian access in the form of

informal interlinked open spaces

draws people inwardly.

Vehicular roads

Informal pedestrian pathways and open

spaces


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HIERARCHY OF OPEN SPACES

Access to open spaces in minutes

Interlinked informal spaces

Continuous system of open spaces is

provided

Staggered roads create spaces for

community congregation

A single large open space is avoided


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Residential

Space

58%

Community

&Commercial

facilities

7%

Open Spaces

9%

Roads26%

LAND USE DISTRIBUTION


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CLIMATE RESPONSIVE FEATURES

Most of the plots small in size and clustered in low rise blocks

Longer side faade oriented in the north-south axis to reduce the solar

radiation on the building.

Each house has minimum exposure to wall surface and a common wall.

The north south orientation of

clusters

The building height to street width

ratio is such that streets are

shaded except when the sun isoverhead


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CLIMATE RESPONSIVE FEATURES

The two openings on the north and south permit light and cross

ventilation.

Courtyards within the houses, cul-de-sacs, public squares and small

activity areas shaded adequately by adjacent buildings.

Use of locally available building materials.

Topography used for orientation of major infrastructure network and

spatial organization.


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Plan showing varied houses with backyards (private open spaces)


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In this scheme services like

water tap, toilets and street lightsand a plinth are provided around

which houses can have different

configurations.

Longer side of a block of rowhouse was oriented north south

to reduce solar radiation

Provision of vertical expansions

Housing was seen more as aprocess than a product

SITE AND SERVICE SCHEME OF DESIGN

SERVICES


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SERVICES

SITE AND SERVICE APPROACH

Cost-effective

Progressive development of facilities.

Houses built by the people themselves to

suit their needs.

Each family provided with a plot having awater tank, sewerage connection, paved

access with street lighting, storm water

drainage

Service cores - key to this site andservice scheme.

- nuclei around which

houses were built.

Houses were clustered in groups of 10.

Septic tank provided for every 2 clusters. Water drawn from 3 local reservoirs.

To economize, 20 toilets are connected to

1 manhole.

One service line serves four rows of houses

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SEWERAGE SYSTEM

Major alternatives:- Sewer-less sanitation.

-Conventional sewerage system.

The soil being impermeable

black soil of 2m depth,

conventional sewerage systemwas adopted.

Designed after thorough

analysis of topography

naturally slopes towards NW Higher income groups, using

more water were located at high

ground level to generate large

flow..

Lower income groups, usingless water located at lower

ground level

This resulted in 10-15%

savings.


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TREATMENT SYSTEM For conveyance system, a wet well and lift station was constructed near

the final manhole. Oxidation pond - located on the NW corner of the site.

- removes biological oxygen

- simple in operation

- effluent suitable for disposal

STORM WATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM Very efficient and facilitates healthy and clean living.

Combination of underground and surface drainage system.

Underground used for wider roads

Surface drainage used for internal roads

ELECTRICITY High income and middle-income groups were provided with overhead

cables.

Economically Weaker Sections were provided with underground cables

CONSTRUCTION DETAILS


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CONSTRUCTION DETAILS

Foundation: Under rimmed piles in concrete, cast in situ locally was used

as the soil was black cotton soil.

Structural members: Reinforced concrete plinth beams, load bearing

brick walls, reinforced concrete slabs.

E t i fi i h B i ht l i th f d ili ill d i


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Exterior finishes: Bright colour in the faade, railing, grills and cornices

seen in the old houses of Indore used in some houses in the township.

Residents were free to use any material like brick or stone that were

locally available

ere reetousean mater a e r c orston


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LANDSCAPE Landscape and green areas include flowering and shade giving trees

with thick ground cover, including lantana, an ever-green tree , that

requires little maintenance.

Trees include casuarinas, bottle brush and eucalyptus

CONCLUSION


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CONCLUSION It understands the traditional Indian habits

Planning and design is in accordance with

the prevailing socio-economic andtechnological conditions

Costeffective construction materials and

techniques have been adopted

Planning is whole to part i.e. Fromtownship level to dwelling unit level.

Accessibility has been an essential factor for

designing.

Consistency in every aspect

Staggered roads, prevent

thorough traffic, reduce

speed of vehicles

Climate responsive and site

responsive design

aaranya case study

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