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(1) How are network resources organized ?

ANS:-

Network Management

Network management is more important today than ever before, due to the complexity of

modern networks and the addition of networked applications. Learn about network

management topics like performance management, network monitoring, applicationsmanagement, protocol analysis, selecting network management software and tools, and

change and configuration management.

Network Security

Network security is a critical aspect of building and maintaining enterprise networks.

Ensure secure networks with strategies including authentication and encryption, firewalland packet filtering, network access control, intrusion detection and prevention, wireless

security, and how to choose and deploy network security products.

Networking Careers

Networking careers can be challenging and rewarding. In this section you'll learn aboutsalaries, network certifications, training programs, and project management strategies to

further your networking career.

Routing & Switching

Routing and switching and the hardware that supports them form the core of any network.Learn about network routers and switches, including choosing hardware, router and

switch configuration, working with IOS, IP addressing, and cabling and supporting

infrastructure.

Wireless Networking

Wireless networks and mobility are proliferating in the corporate network and enablingmany vertical applications. Networking professionals need to know about wireless LAN

(WLAN) equipment, WLAN implementation, wireless security, managing wireless

networks, wireless standards, wireless WANs, and voice over WLAN -- and they'll find ithere.

Resources for Network Effectiveness:- For the effective resources organization we also have to

follow the following:-

1.New to Networks

2. Starting a Network

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3. Technology and Communications Resources

4. Advanced Resources

(2) Give some advantages of a client server system using LAN?ANS:-

Advantages of client server system .

• Scalability - It increases the scalability because any element can be upgraded easily aswhen it needed according to the need.

• Flexibility – This makes system very flexible in order new technology can be easily

integrated into the system.

• Interoperability - all components (clients, network, servers) work together

• Centralized resources: As we know that given the server is the centre of the network, it

can manage resources that are common to all users. It access, resources, and data securityare controlled through the server.

For example: a central database would be used to avoid problems caused by redundant

and inconsistent data.

• Scalable network :- it is possible to remove or add clients without affecting the operation

of the network and without the need for major modification

(3) List some of the ways representing both of the network reference models are same, also

Mention some in which they differ?

ANS: - Difference between OSI AND TCP/IP MODELS are as follows:-

TCP/IP OSI

1. It is defined as the advent of the

internet

1) It is defined before the advent of the

internet.

2. It will properly defined the service

interface and protocols were notclearly distinguished before

2) All the service interface and protocols

are clearly distinguished.

3. It would properly support the workingof the internet. 3) OSI model will not support proper working of the internet.

4. TCP/IP model is loosely layered. 4) OSI model is strictly layering.

5. It includes the protocol dependant

standard.

5) In this model protocol are of

independent standard.

6. This model is more credible. 6) This is less credible.

7. TCP reliably delivers packets and IPdoes not reliably deliver packets.

7) In OSI Model all the packets arereliably delivered.

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(4) Internet and its predecessor had four main applications. Explain all of them?

ANS:-

The Internet was first developed In the 1950s and early 1960s as a computer networking

method by Project RAND as a means to support collaboration among other researchers. Thedevelopment of Internet technology is fast. Would you believe that according to a forecast

released by Jupiter Research, about 22 percent of the world population will regularly use the

Internet by 2011?

The Internet was created some 40 years ago. First it was military's experimental network named

ARPANET which later linked with all top universities, research labs and the government. The

network became public in 1990, and by the '94, ISPs were starting to sell access to it. If you want

to say that the Internet has a predecessor, then it will be ARPANET.

1.1 Basic Applications:-

• E-mail

• Web

• File transfer

1.2 PUST

(1) Teaching

•

Download of teaching material

• Remote class

• Remote facility access

(2) Research

• Research collaboration meeting

• Remote thesis supervision

(3) Digital library

• Journal access

• Database access

1.3 Knowledge industry complex and research institutes

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• (Remote) Meeting

• File transfer (software, document)

(5) Draw a diagram that shows the various software components that resides in user’s client

Workstation in a network?

ANS:-

(6) Give me list of some protocols of each layer of OSI and TCP reference model.

ANS: - Some of the protocols of each layer of the OSI and TCP model are as follows:-

Data Link Layer:-

ARP/RARP: - ARP/RARP Address Resolution Protocol/Reverse Address

DCAP: - Data Link Switching Client Access Protocol

Network Layer:-

DHCP:- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

ICMP:-Internet Control Message Protocol

IGMP:-Internet Group Management Protocol

IP:-Internet Protocol version 4 IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6

PIM: - Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode (PIM-SM)

RIP2:- Routing Information Protocol

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RSVP: - Resource Reservation setup Protocol

Transport Layer: -

TALI: - Transport Adapter Layer Interface

TCP: - Transmission Control Protocol

UDP: - User Datagram Protocol

Session Layer:-

BGMP: - Border Gateway Multicast Protocol

DNS: - Domain Name Service

Application Layer:-

COPS: - Common Open Policy Service

FANP: - Flow Attribute Notification Protocol

FTP: - File Transfer Protocol

HTTP:- Hypertext Transfer Protocol

POP3:- Post Office Protocol version 3

RLOGIN: - Remote Login

(7) You are supposed to design a lab of 50 computers which network topology you will

Implement and why? Also draw a simple blueprint of your plan.

The topology which is used for this purpose is BUS. Because in the lab the system there is one

server and all the computer are attached with it for the communication and these can also share

memory and resource.

For example:

C8C9

C10

C4 C5

C1

C6

C2

C7

C3MAIN

SERVER

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